CN109168871A - 一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,包括如下步骤:S1:挖设种植坑;S2:在种植坑的侧壁上喷洒25‑35℃的淡盐水;S3:苗木的处理;S4:将苗木主根放在馒头形土堆顶端,沿斜面理顺须根;S5:在须根表面覆盖一层培养土,在培养土上铺盖一层有机肥;S6:进行回填土;S7:生长管理,本申请可明显改变现有技术平面坑底造成的在窝根现象,减少提苗过程中存在对根系的二次损伤情况,从而从整体上提高了树木种植成活率,其中浸泡使用的营养液就可以提供根部生长所需的营养成分,保证根部种植后可以快速的适应土壤环境;同时淡盐水杀菌步骤可以有效地防止苗木根部带有的细菌和虫卵在种植后破坏根部的生长,造成苗木的死亡。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于苗木种植技术领域,特别是指一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法。
背景技术
苗木的栽植技术与方法广泛应用于园林工程中,在苗木栽培种,常会遇到土质土壤板结、透水性差或者不透水是苗木根系无法生根或苗木的栽植期过晚,植物栽植期已过,干旱、雨水少、温度低、空气湿度小、苗木易出现树干失水、地表面裂缝、根部受冻等情况,导致苗木栽植成活率低,其次,在植物种植领域中,种植穴是林业生产实践中树木种植成活率重要的一个环节,种植穴一般为方形或圆形。传统苗木种植时采用“三埋两踩一提苗”法,即第一次填三分之一土,踩实;第三次填土与地面平,再踩实,最后将苗木向上稍稍提起以舒展根系,做树盘,浇透水,但现有技术中的苗木种植种植方法中,种植过程中存在窝根现象,在提苗过程中存在对根系的二次损伤,总体而言,树木种植成活率并不理想。
发明内容
本发明提出是提供一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,解决了现有技术中苗木种植过程中存在的上述缺陷。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:挖设种植坑;提前一周整地挖坑,根据苗木根系和直径挖多个等间隔的种植坑;现在其内铺一层5-10㎝厚的秸秆,再在秸秆上铺设一层培养土,将土层做成馒头形;
S2:在种植坑的侧壁上喷洒25-35℃的淡盐水;
S3:苗木的处理:先将苗木放入营养液中浸泡3-5小时,浸泡温度25-35℃,然后将苗木根部用高锰酸钾溶液进行杀菌处理;
S4:将苗木主根放在馒头形土堆顶端,沿斜面理顺须根;
S5:在须根表面覆盖一层步骤S1中的培养土,在培养土上铺盖一层有机肥;
S6:进行回填土,回填土的pH值为6.5-7.5,含盐量低于0.2%,回填土过程中分层踏实处理,得到直立的苗木,浇透水,栽种完成后,覆盖一层塑料薄膜;
S7:生长管理:栽种后,每天浇一次水,浇灌7天即可,每隔一个月后追施一次人畜粪水;4-5个月后,剪除徒长枝和过密枝,以保持树形疏密相称,且保持株间距20-30cm。
优选的,所述步骤S1中的培养土按质量份数计包括:园土25-35份,蓝藻15-25份,腐叶土30-40份,木屑5-10份,干鸡粪5-15份,米糠10-20份,泥炭土10-20份,生长调节剂1-5份,发酵棉籽壳1-3份,珍珠岩5-10份。
优选地,所述步骤S3中的营养液,由以下重量份的原料制成:黄腐殖酸2.5-5.5份、磷酸二氢铵5-15份、冬青3-8份、纳米碳5-10份、硝酸钾4-12份、EM菌2.0-6.0份、硫酸锌5-8份、水玻璃1-2份、阿维菌素10-15份、保水剂5-10份、水50-100份。
优选的,所述步骤S5中的有机肥由下列重量份的原料制成:香菇废菌棒24-35份、豆腐渣7-14份、玉米蛋白粉5-10份、硝酸钾2-4份、尿素3-4份、腐殖酸26-28份、氯化钙3-5份、过磷酸钙3-7份、煅烧高岭土2-3份、草酸粉末4-8份、EM菌剂2-4份、茶叶渣37-39份、稀土4-6份、海带粉8-14份、硼砂2-3份、羧甲基壳聚糖3-8份、中药杀菌组分5-10份。
优选的,所述中药杀虫组分由下列重量份的原料混合而成:败酱草4-9份、白花蛇舌草2-5份、蒲公英3-6份、横经席2-6份、茜草3-8份、鸡血藤5-8份、当归1-3份、延胡索2-4份、楝树根2-6份、黄连3-5份、吴茱萸1-4份、炒栀子2-4份、白薇2-4份、鳖甲1-3份。
综上所述,本发明的优点在于:
本发明的一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,可明显改变现有技术平面坑底造成的在窝根现象,是苗木根系自然舒展,确保吸收水分、肥料畅通;第二,减少提苗过程中存在对根系的二次损伤情况。从而从整体上提高了树木种植成活率,其中浸泡使用的营养液就可以提供根部生长所需的营养成分,保证根部种植后可以快速的适应土壤环境;同时淡盐水杀菌步骤可以有效地防止苗木根部带有的细菌和虫卵在种植后破坏根部的生长,造成苗木的死亡。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的实施例,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:挖设种植坑;提前一周整地挖坑,根据苗木根系和直径挖多个等间隔的种植坑;现在其内铺一层5-10㎝厚的秸秆,再在秸秆上铺设一层培养土,将土层做成馒头形;
S2:在种植坑的侧壁上喷洒25-35℃的淡盐水;
S3:苗木的处理:先将苗木放入营养液中浸泡3-5小时,浸泡温度25-35℃,然后将苗木根部用高锰酸钾溶液进行杀菌处理;
S4:将苗木主根放在馒头形土堆顶端,沿斜面理顺须根;
S5:在须根表面覆盖一层步骤S1中的培养土,在培养土上铺盖一层有机肥;
S6:进行回填土,回填土的pH值为6.5-7.5,含盐量低于0.2%,回填土过程中分层踏实处理,得到直立的苗木,浇透水,栽种完成后,覆盖一层塑料薄膜;
S7:生长管理:栽种后,每天浇一次水,浇灌7天即可,每隔一个月后追施一次人畜粪水;4-5个月后,剪除徒长枝和过密枝,以保持树形疏密相称,且保持株间距20-30cm。
所述步骤S1中的培养土按质量份数计包括:园土28份,蓝藻16份,腐叶土30份,木屑8份,干鸡粪12份,米糠18份,泥炭土12份,生长调节剂4份,发酵棉籽壳2份,珍珠岩8份;
所述步骤S3中的营养液,由以下重量份的原料制成:黄腐殖酸5份、磷酸二氢铵13份、冬青5份、纳米碳8份、硝酸钾8份、EM菌5份、硫酸锌6份、水玻璃2份、阿维菌素12份、保水剂8份、水60份,所述步骤S5中的有机肥由下列重量份的原料制成:香菇废菌棒28份、豆腐渣8份、玉米蛋白粉6份、硝酸钾3份、尿素4份、腐殖酸28份、氯化钙4份、过磷酸钙5份、煅烧高岭土3份、草酸粉末8份、EM菌剂4份、茶叶渣38份、稀土5份、海带粉9份、硼砂3份、羧甲基壳聚糖7份、中药杀菌组分8份,所述中药杀虫组分由下列重量份的原料混合而成:败酱草9份、白花蛇舌草4份、蒲公英5份、横经席6份、茜草5份、鸡血藤6份、当归2份、延胡索3份、楝树根5份、黄连4份、吴茱萸3份、炒栀子3份、白薇2份、鳖甲3份。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1:挖设种植坑;提前一周整地挖坑,根据苗木根系和直径挖多个等间隔的种植坑;现在其内铺一层5-10㎝厚的秸秆,再在秸秆上铺设一层培养土,将土层做成馒头形;
S2:在种植坑的侧壁上喷洒25-35℃的淡盐水;
S3:苗木的处理:先将苗木放入营养液中浸泡3-5小时,浸泡温度25-35℃,然后将苗木根部用高锰酸钾溶液进行杀菌处理;
S4:将苗木主根放在馒头形土堆顶端,沿斜面理顺须根;
S5:在须根表面覆盖一层步骤S1中的培养土,在培养土上铺盖一层有机肥;
S6:进行回填土,回填土的pH值为6.5-7.5,含盐量低于0.2%,回填土过程中分层踏实处理,得到直立的苗木,浇透水,栽种完成后,覆盖一层塑料薄膜;
S7:生长管理:栽种后,每天浇一次水,浇灌7天即可,每隔一个月后追施一次人畜粪水;4-5个月后,剪除徒长枝和过密枝,以保持树形疏密相称,且保持株间距20-30cm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1中的培养土按质量份数计包括:园土25-35份,蓝藻15-25份,腐叶土30-40份,木屑5-10份,干鸡粪5-15份,米糠10-20份,泥炭土10-20份,生长调节剂1-5份,发酵棉籽壳1-3份,珍珠岩5-10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,其特征在于:步骤S3中的营养液,由以下重量份的原料制成:黄腐殖酸2.5-5.5份、磷酸二氢铵5-15份、冬青3-8份、纳米碳5-10份、硝酸钾4-12份、EM菌2.0-6.0份、硫酸锌5-8份、水玻璃1-2份、阿维菌素10-15份、保水剂5-10份、水50-100份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,其特征在于:步骤S5中的有机肥由下列重量份的原料制成:香菇废菌棒24-35份、豆腐渣7-14份、玉米蛋白粉5-10份、硝酸钾2-4份、尿素3-4份、腐殖酸26-28份、氯化钙3-5份、过磷酸钙3-7份、煅烧高岭土2-3份、草酸粉末4-8份、EM菌剂2-4份、茶叶渣37-39份、稀土4-6份、海带粉8-14份、硼砂2-3份、羧甲基壳聚糖3-8份、中药杀菌组分5-10份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种提高成活率的苗木种植方法,其特征在于:所述中药杀虫组分由下列重量份的原料混合而成:败酱草4-9份、白花蛇舌草2-5份、蒲公英3-6份、横经席2-6份、茜草3-8份、鸡血藤5-8份、当归1-3份、延胡索2-4份、楝树根2-6份、黄连3-5份、吴茱萸1-4份、炒栀子2-4份、白薇2-4份、鳖甲1-3份。
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