CN109162762B

CN109162762B - Spherical ball expander

Info

Publication number: CN109162762B
Application number: CN201811031829.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 白桦; 李思思; 赵加普; 夏荣鑫; 欧阳新萍
Original assignee: University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Current assignee: University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
Priority date: 2018-09-05
Filing date: 2018-09-05
Publication date: 2020-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-05
Also published as: CN109162762A

Abstract

The spherical ball expander comprises a sphere, a spherical shell and two balls which are concentrically arranged, wherein the outer surface of the sphere is provided with an integral spherical convex ring and two concave spherical arc grooves, the integral spherical convex ring is formed by alternately connecting two spherical T-shaped convex rings and two spherical rectangular convex rings, the concave spherical shell T-shaped concave ring and the concave spherical shell ring groove are arranged on the inner surface of the spherical shell, the spherical shell is respectively provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel, the air inlet channel and the spherical shell ring groove are communicated, the spherical T-shaped concave ring and the spherical convex rings are embedded together, the air inlet channel is blocked to be communicated with the outer part and the spherical shell ring groove when the spherical T-shaped convex rings pass through the air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel is communicated with the outer part and the spherical shell ring groove when the spherical rectangular convex rings pass through the. The spherical ball expander of the invention realizes the function of the air inlet valve by adopting the spherical convex ring, not only saves the arrangement of the air inlet valve and reduces the manufacturing cost, but also has the advantages of small number of parts of the whole machine, small clearance volume, compact structure and good motion balance.

Description

Spherical ball expander

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy power and refrigeration, and particularly relates to a spherical ball expansion machine.

Background

The organic Rankine cycle adopts a low-boiling-point organic working medium, converts industrial waste heat, geothermal energy, solar energy, biomass energy and other medium and low temperature waste heat into high-grade electric energy, and has great application potential in the aspect of medium and low temperature waste heat utilization. The expander is a key component of the organic Rankine cycle and has important influence on the system performance. In addition, the expander can also be used as an important device of a refrigeration cycle in the technical field of refrigeration. Structurally, expanders can be divided into two categories: one is centripetal turbine type, axial turbine type constant velocity type expander; the other is a vortex type, piston type, screw type, rotary vane type and other volume type expansion machine. The speed type expansion machine transfers energy through the change of working medium speed, and is usually used in places with high rotating speed and large flow; the volume type expander realizes energy conversion by pressure change caused by volume change of the working medium. The power output of the organic Rankine cycle system for recovering low-grade energy is approximately in the range of 1-50kW, and a positive displacement expander is generally adopted.

Most of the existing expanders have high cost and large volume, and because of imperfect structural design, the existing expanders have low efficiency when applied to the condition of medium and low temperature heat sources. At present, a high-efficiency expansion machine suitable for being applied to an organic Rankine cycle system is still lacked in China, the research on the aspect is still in the theoretical and experimental stages, and large-scale commercial production cannot be carried out.

Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a novel efficient expander suitable for an organic rankine cycle system.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel spherical ball expander which drives a ball to rotate and outputs mechanical work (shaft work) by entering and expanding high-pressure gas.

The invention provides a spherical ball expander, which is characterized by comprising a spherical body, a spherical shell and two balls which are concentric, wherein the outer diameter of the spherical body is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spherical shell, the spherical body can rotate in the spherical shell, the outer surface of the spherical body is provided with a convex spherical convex ring and two concave spherical arc grooves, the spherical convex ring is an integral convex ring formed by alternately connecting two spherical T-shaped convex rings and two spherical rectangular convex rings, the two spherical arc grooves are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the spherical body and respectively intersected with the spherical T-shaped convex rings at an included angle of 90 degrees, the spherical T-shaped convex rings are respectively provided with a convex ring notch at two intersected positions, the cross section of the spherical arc grooves is semicircular, the inner surface of the spherical shell is provided with a concave spherical shell T-shaped concave ring and a concave spherical shell ring groove, the spherical shell ring grooves and the spherical shell T-shaped concave rings are intersected at an included angle of 40-50 degrees to form the intersection of the two spherical shell ring grooves and the spherical shell grooves which are communicated with each other, the cross section of the spherical shell ring groove is the same as the cross section of the spherical arc groove in shape and size, two spherical shafts are arranged on the spherical body, the spherical shafts are vertical to the T-shaped convex ring of the spherical body, the spherical body rotates around the spherical shaft, shaft holes are arranged on the spherical shell, the shaft axes of the shaft holes are vertical to the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell, the spherical shaft passes through the shaft holes to be connected with a generator, two arc groove junctions are arranged between the spherical arc groove and the spherical shell ring groove, each arc groove junction is provided with a ball, the radius of the ball is the same as the radius of the cross section of the spherical arc groove, the spherical shells at two sides of the spherical shell groove junction are respectively provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel, the air outlet channel is communicated with the spherical shell ring groove, the air inlet channel is communicated with the spherical shell ring groove and communicated with the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell, the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell is embedded with the spherical convex ring, and the air, when the rectangular convex ring of the sphere passes through the air inlet channel, the air inlet channel is communicated with the outside and the spherical shell ring groove.

In the spherical ball expander according to the present invention, the spherical ball expander may further have the following features: the convex ring gaps and the T-shaped protruding parts are alternately distributed, and the size of the cross section of the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell is the same as that of the cross section of the T-shaped convex ring.

In addition, the spherical ball expander according to the present invention may further include: wherein, the included angle between the spherical shell ring groove and the spherical shell T-shaped concave ring is 45 degrees.

In addition, the spherical ball expander according to the present invention may further include: wherein, the width of the convex ring gap is larger than the diameter of the semicircular cross section of the spherical arc groove.

In addition, the spherical ball expander according to the present invention may further include: the spherical shell is formed by butting two components which are symmetrical about the center of a T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell.

In addition, the spherical ball expander according to the present invention may further include: wherein, the bottom of the spherical arc groove is provided with a fine groove.

In addition, the spherical ball expander according to the present invention may further include: the T-shaped convex ring and the rectangular convex ring are connected alternately to form an integral convex ring, and the radians of the T-shaped convex ring and the rectangular convex ring corresponding to the center of the sphere are both 90 degrees.

Action and Effect of the invention

According to the spherical ball expander of the present invention, since the T-shaped concave ball and the convex ball are fitted together, when the T-shaped convex ball passes through the air inlet passage, the T-shaped convex ball blocks the air inlet passage from communicating the outside with the annular groove of the ball housing, and when the rectangular convex ball passes through the air inlet passage, the air inlet passage communicates the outside with the annular groove of the ball housing.

Therefore, the spherical ball expander of the invention realizes the function of the air inlet valve by adopting the spherical convex ring, not only saves the arrangement of the air inlet valve and reduces the manufacturing cost, but also has the advantages of small number of parts of the whole machine, small clearance volume, compact structure, small friction loss and good motion balance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a sphere in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the ball shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the ball of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the sphere shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a spherical shell in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of the spherical shell of FIG. 5 at position B-B;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the spherical shell shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the interior of the spherical shell shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional front view of a spherical ball expander in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the C-C location of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged quarter schematic view of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a three-dimensional schematic of the novel spherical ball expander of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the air intake process of the spherical ball expander of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration of the end stage of induction of the spherical ball expander of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the ball continuing to rotate from the position of FIG. 14;

figure 16 is a schematic view of the position of the balls at the intersection of the spherical shell grooves.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the original features, the achieved objects and the effects of the present invention easily understood, the following embodiments are specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 16, the spherical ball expander includes a spherical shaft 1, a spherical body 2, a spherical arc groove 3, a T-shaped convex ring 4, a rectangular convex ring 5, a shaft hole 6, a spherical shell 7, a spherical shell T-shaped concave ring 8, a spherical shell ring groove 9, an air inlet 10, a ball 11, a convex ring notch 12, a spherical shell groove intersection 13, and an air outlet 14.

The ball 2 is concentric with the spherical shell 7, and the outer diameter of the ball 2 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spherical shell 7, so that the ball 2 can rotate in the spherical shell 7.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the outer surface of the sphere 2 is provided with two symmetrical sphere arc grooves 3 and two sphere convex rings perpendicularly intersecting the sphere arc grooves 3, and the sphere convex rings are integral convex rings with two sphere T-shaped convex rings 4 and two sphere rectangular convex rings 5 alternating in shape. The radian of the T-shaped convex ring 4 of the sphere is 60-130 degrees corresponding to the center of the sphere, the radian of the rectangular convex ring 5 of the sphere is 50-90 degrees corresponding to the center of the sphere, in the embodiment, the radian of the T-shaped convex ring 4 of the sphere is 90 degrees corresponding to the center of the sphere, and the radian of the rectangular convex ring 5 of the sphere is 90 degrees corresponding to the center of the sphere.

The cross section of the spherical arc groove 3 is semicircular. The intersection of the T-shaped convex ring 4 and the two arc grooves 3 is provided with a convex ring gap 12, and the convex ring gaps 12 and the T-shaped protruding parts are alternately distributed.

As shown in fig. 5-8, the inner surface of the spherical shell 7 is provided with a 360 ° spherical shell T-shaped concave ring 8 and a 360 ° spherical shell ring groove 9 which are matched with the convex ring of the expander spherical body, the spherical shell T-shaped concave ring 8 and the spherical shell ring groove 9 intersect at an included angle of 40 ° to 50 °, in the embodiment, 45 ° is formed, and the intersection forms a spherical shell groove intersection 13 which is communicated between the two spherical shell T-shaped concave rings 8 and the spherical shell ring grooves 9. On both sides of each spherical shell groove intersection 13, an air inlet 10 and an air outlet 14 are respectively provided (in order to avoid the T-shaped convex ring 4 of the sphere, the air outlet 14 needs to be provided with a curved channel on the spherical shell 7, for the sake of simplifying the view and facilitating the explanation of the working principle, the air outlet 14 is not shown here, the air outlet 14 is shown in fig. 11, and the air inlet 10 and the air outlet 14 are both communicated with the spherical shell ring groove 9. The cross section size of the T-shaped concave ring 8 of the spherical shell is matched with the cross section size of the T-shaped convex ring 4 of the sphere, the T-shaped concave ring 8 of the spherical shell is embedded with the convex ring of the sphere, and the sphere 2 can rotate in the spherical shell 7 along the embedded ring path. The cross section of the spherical shell ring groove 9 is a semicircle with the same size as the cross section of the spherical arc groove 3.

Two sphere shafts 1 are arranged on the sphere 2, the sphere shafts 1 are vertical to the convex sphere ring, the sphere 2 rotates around the sphere shafts 1, a shaft hole 6 is arranged on the spherical shell 7, the shaft hole 6 is vertical to the T-shaped concave sphere ring 8 of the spherical shell, the sphere shafts 1 penetrate through the shaft hole 6 to be connected with an external generator or other machines, and the sphere 2 rotates around the sphere shafts 1 to output mechanical work.

There are two arc ring groove junctions between spheroid arc groove 3 and the spherical shell annular 9, and every arc ring groove junction all is equipped with a ball 11, and the radius of ball 11 is unanimous with the cross section radius of spheroid arc groove 3, and half of ball 11 is in spheroid arc groove 3 like this, and half is in spherical shell annular 7. The width of the convex ring gap 12 is slightly larger than the diameter of the ball 11, so that the ball 11 in the ball arc groove 3 passes through the convex ring gap 12. The width of the ball shell groove intersection 13 is slightly larger than the diameter of the ball 11, and the convex ring of the ball can also pass through.

Wherein, for convenient assembly, the spherical shell 7 can be formed by butt joint of two components which are symmetrical about the center of the T-shaped concave ring 8 of the spherical shell.

Since the reciprocating motion of the ball 11 in the arc groove 3 may cause harmful compression or expansion of the gas in the arc groove 3, a thin groove (not shown) may be formed at the bottom of the arc groove 3 to allow the gas on both sides of the ball 11 in the arc groove 3 to be conducted.

When the ball 11 is at the left dead center position of the sphere arc groove 3 as shown in fig. 9, the ball is at the middle position of the air inlet at one end and the air outlet at the other end of the spherical shell ring groove 9, and the spherical shell groove junction 13 is occupied by the rectangular convex ring 5.

The cross section shown in fig. 10 is taken along the spherical shell ring groove 9, perpendicular to the cross section shown in fig. 9; in this figure, the position of the ball 11 is the same as that in fig. 9, and the ball 11 moves forward to exhaust air and backward to intake air.

As shown in fig. 11, the spherical shell 7 is provided with an air inlet channel 16 and an air outlet channel 17, the air outlet channel 17 is communicated with the air outlet 14 and the spherical shell ring groove 9, and the air inlet channel 16 is communicated with the air inlet 10 and the spherical shell ring groove 9 and is communicated with the spherical shell T-shaped concave ring 8.

The T-shaped concave ring 8 of the spherical shell is embedded with the convex ring of the spherical shell, when the T-shaped convex ring 4 of the spherical shell passes through the air inlet channel 16, the air inlet channel 16 is blocked to communicate the air inlet 10 with the annular groove 9 of the spherical shell, and when the rectangular convex ring 5 of the spherical shell passes through the air inlet channel 16, the air inlet channel 16 is enabled to communicate the air inlet 10 with the annular groove 9 of the spherical shell.

As shown in fig. 12, on the left side of the rectangular convex ring 5, a spherical shell ring groove 9 (cylinder) is exhausted along with a ball 11; on the right side of the rectangular convex ring 5, the ball 11 pushes the ball 2 to rotate by a certain angle, the ball 2 rotates to the rectangular convex ring 5, and the air inlet 10 is communicated with the spherical shell ring groove 9 (cylinder) to start air intake.

The sphere 2 continues to rotate a certain angle from the position in fig. 12 to the position in fig. 13, the left side of the rectangular convex ring 5 continues to exhaust air, and the right side continues to intake air.

As shown in fig. 13, the ball 2 continues to rotate, the spherical ball 11 moves to the right of the spherical arc groove 3, and the ball 11 exhausts air from the front and continues to intake air from the rear in the spherical shell ring groove 9 (cylinder).

The ball body 2 continues to rotate for a certain angle from the position in the figure 13 to the position in the figure 14, the T-shaped convex ring 4 passes through the air inlet 10, blocks the air inlet 10 and stops air inlet; the T-shaped convex ring 4, the spherical shell ring groove 9, the ball 11 and the surface of the sphere 2 form a closed space (namely a cylinder), and high-pressure gas entering the closed space begins to expand; the exhaust port 14 is always communicated with the spherical shell ring groove 9 (cylinder) for continuous and uninterrupted exhaust.

As shown in fig. 14, the ball 2 rotates to a position where the T-shaped protruding ring 4 partially passes through the air inlet 10, the T-shaped protruding ring 4 shields the air inlet 10, air intake is stopped, the T-shaped protruding ring 4, the spherical shell ring groove 9, the balls 11 and the surface of the ball 2 form a closed space (i.e., a cylinder), high-pressure gas which has entered the closed space starts to expand, and the exhaust port 14 is disposed (not shown) around the T-shaped protruding ring 4, and is always communicated with the outside, and continuous and uninterrupted exhaust is performed. At the same time, the balls 11 symmetrically distributed at 180 ° on the other side also reach the corresponding positions, and the other ball is visible in fig. 14.

The ball 2 rotates a certain angle from the position in fig. 14 to the position in fig. 15, the T-shaped convex ring 4 continuously blocks the air inlet 10, and the air in the cylinder on the right side of the T-shaped convex ring 4 expands further; on the left side of the T-shaped convex ring, the exhaust is continuously carried out before the operation of the balls, and the gas is expanded after the operation of the balls.

As shown in fig. 15, the T-shaped convex ring 4 partially blocks the air inlet 10, the air in the cylinder expands further, and the air exhaustion in front of the ball operation continues.

After the ball 2 rotates a certain angle from fig. 15, the T-shaped convex ring 4 will completely pass through the air inlet 10, the air in the enclosed space has reached the exhaust pressure, and at the same time, the ball 11 reaches the right dead center position of the ball arc groove 3, another ball 11 is 180 ° with it, that is, the position of fig. 12 is reached, and the ball 2 also rotates 180 °.

Fig. 16 shows the position where the ball is just at the intersection of the spherical shell grooves during the rotation of the sphere, as shown in fig. 16, the ball 11 is located in the middle of the spherical arc groove 3, the bulge loop notch 12 just rotates to the middle of the spherical arc groove 3, the bulge loop notch 12 and the spherical arc groove 3 form a "spherical shell groove intersection 13", and the ball 11 passes through the spherical shell groove intersection 13 and continues to move to the other side.

When the ball 2 rotates to the position shown in fig. 16, the position of the ball 11 is in the middle position of the arc groove 3 of the ball, that is, in the position of the convex ring notch 12; the convex ring gap 12 reaches the position of the spherical shell groove intersection 13, and the ball 11 can move towards the other side of the spherical arc groove 3 through the spherical shell groove intersection 13.

As above, fig. 12-15 show that the two balls 11 respectively realize the processes of air intake, expansion and air exhaust after the ball 2 rotates 180 ° in the spherical shell 7. In the process, the ball 11 rotates 180 ° in the spherical shell ring groove 9 from the left dead center to the right dead center in the spherical arc groove 3. Due to the symmetry of the structure, the result after the ball 2 rotates 180 ° is substantially the same as the previous case, except that the ball 11 returns from the right dead center to the left dead center in the ball arc groove 3, and at the same time, rotates 180 ° in the spherical shell ring groove 9 to the origin shown in fig. 12. After the sphere 2 rotates for a circle 360 degrees in the spherical shell 7, the expander realizes the processes of air inlet, expansion and exhaust for 2 times.

Modification example 1

The other structures in the modification are the same as those in the embodiment, except that the spherical convex ring is a whole T-shaped convex ring, the outer surface of the spherical body 2 is provided with two symmetrical spherical arc grooves 3 and a convex spherical T-shaped convex ring 4 which is vertically crossed with the spherical arc grooves 3, the ring surface of the spherical T-shaped convex ring 4 is also provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating through the ring surface, the through holes are arranged on the ring surface of the spherical T-shaped convex ring 4 which penetrates through one side of the air inlet channel 16 and are symmetrically arranged along the arc line of the spherical body, and the radian of the through holes corresponding to the center of the spherical body is 50-90 degrees. In the embodiment, the number of the through holes is two, the through holes are long groove-shaped through holes arranged along the circumference of the T-shaped convex ring 4 of the sphere, and the radian of the through holes corresponding to the sphere center is 60 degrees. The through hole can also be arranged as a notch on the T-shaped convex ring 4 of the sphere.

The working method of the spherical ball expander is as follows:

step 1, gas enters from a gas inlet and expands to push a spherical ball to move, so that the spherical ball is driven to rotate under the common constraint of a spherical arc groove and a spherical shell ring groove;

step 2, the air inlet is periodically cut off by the spherical convex ring rotating along with the sphere (the T-shaped part cuts off the air inlet when passing through, and the air inlet is communicated with the air inlet when the rectangular part passes through), and when the spherical ball just passes through the air inlet, the air inlet is communicated, the air inlet starts to enter and pushes the ball to move (the intersection of the spherical shell groove is cut off by the spherical convex ring);

step 3, after a certain amount of gas enters, the T-shaped part of the convex ring of the sphere runs to the air inlet, the air inlet is cut off, and air inlet is stopped; the gas which enters the spherical shell ring groove begins to expand and continuously pushes the ball to move;

and 4, when the ball moves to the position of the exhaust port, the gas pressure just reaches the gas exhaust pressure, and the gas expansion is finished. Then the ball reaches the intersection of the spherical shell grooves, meanwhile, the gap of the spherical convex ring also reaches the intersection of the spherical shell grooves, the ball passes through the gap of the spherical convex ring, then the spherical convex ring cuts off the intersection of the spherical shell grooves again, and the gas after the expansion of the original ball is pushed by the other rotor and is discharged through the exhaust port;

step 5, two spherical balls drive the ball body to rotate for one circle, and the spherical balls respectively generate 2 times of air inlet, expansion and exhaust processes in the spherical shell ring groove;

step 6, generating 4 times of air intake, expansion and exhaust processes for the whole spherical ball expander;

and 7, repeating the steps 1-6, wherein the spherical ball rotor rotates in the spherical shell ring groove and reciprocates in the spherical arc groove, and the processes of air inlet, expansion and air exhaust are continuously carried out.

Effects and effects of the embodiments

According to the spherical ball expander related to this embodiment, because the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell and the convex ring of the spherical body are embedded together, the T-shaped convex ring of the spherical body blocks the air inlet passage to communicate with the external part and the annular groove of the spherical shell when passing through the air inlet passage, and the rectangular convex ring of the spherical body is enabled to communicate with the external part and the annular groove of the spherical shell when passing through the air inlet passage.

Therefore, the spherical ball expander of the embodiment adopts the spherical convex ring to realize the function of the air inlet valve, not only saves the arrangement of the air inlet valve and reduces the manufacturing cost, but also has the advantages of less parts, small clearance volume, compact structure, small friction loss and good motion balance.

The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spherical ball expander, comprising:

a concentric sphere, a spherical shell and two balls,

wherein the outer diameter of the sphere is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spherical shell, the sphere can rotate in the spherical shell,

the outer surface of the ball body is provided with a convex ball convex ring and two concave ball arc grooves, the ball convex ring is an integral convex ring formed by alternately connecting two ball T-shaped convex rings and two ball rectangular convex rings, the two ball arc grooves are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the ball body and respectively intersected with the ball T-shaped convex rings at an included angle of 90 degrees, the two intersected positions of the ball T-shaped convex rings are respectively provided with a convex ring notch, the cross section of each ball arc groove is semicircular,

the inner surface of the spherical shell is provided with an inwards concave spherical shell T-shaped concave ring and an inwards concave spherical shell ring groove, the spherical shell ring groove and the spherical shell T-shaped concave ring are intersected at an included angle of 40-50 degrees to form a spherical shell groove intersection part communicated between the two spherical shell ring grooves and the spherical shell T-shaped concave ring, the cross section of the spherical shell ring groove and the cross section of the spherical arc groove are the same in shape and size,

two sphere shafts are arranged on the sphere, the sphere shafts are vertical to the T-shaped convex ring of the sphere, the sphere rotates around the sphere shafts, the spherical shell is provided with shaft holes, the axes of the shaft holes are vertical to the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell, the sphere shafts penetrate through the shaft holes to be connected with a generator,

two arc ring groove junctions are arranged between the sphere arc groove and the spherical shell ring groove, a ball is arranged at each arc ring groove junction, the radius of each ball is consistent with the radius of the cross section of the sphere arc groove,

an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are respectively arranged on the spherical shell at the two sides of the intersection of the spherical shell grooves, the air outlet channel is communicated with the outside and the spherical shell ring groove, the air inlet channel is communicated with the outside and the spherical shell ring groove and is communicated with the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell,

the exhaust passage is arranged in a curved shape for avoiding the T-shaped convex ring of the ball,

the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell is embedded with the convex ring of the sphere, the T-shaped convex ring of the sphere passes through the air inlet channel, the air inlet channel is communicated with the outside of the spherical shell ring groove, and the rectangular convex ring of the sphere passes through the air inlet channel, so that the air inlet channel is communicated with the outside of the spherical shell ring groove.

2. The spherical ball expander according to claim 1, wherein:

the convex ring notches and the T-shaped protruding parts are alternately distributed, and the size of the cross section of the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell is the same as that of the cross section of the T-shaped convex ring.

3. The spherical ball expander according to claim 1, wherein:

wherein, the included angle between the spherical shell ring groove and the spherical shell T-shaped concave ring is 45 degrees.

4. The spherical ball expander according to claim 1, wherein:

wherein the width of the convex ring gap is larger than the diameter of the semicircular cross section of the spherical arc groove.

5. The spherical ball expander according to claim 1, wherein:

wherein, the spherical shell is formed by butting two components which are symmetrical about the center of the T-shaped concave ring of the spherical shell.

6. The spherical ball expander according to claim 1, wherein:

wherein, the bottom of the sphere arc groove is provided with a fine groove.

7. The spherical ball expander according to claim 1, wherein:

the spherical convex ring is an integral convex ring formed by alternately connecting two spherical T-shaped convex rings and two spherical rectangular convex rings, and the radians of the spherical T-shaped convex rings and the spherical rectangular convex rings corresponding to the sphere centers are both 90 degrees.