CN109161908A - The environment-protective process and its equipment of acid mist pollution are reduced in steel rust removing acid cleaning process - Google Patents
The environment-protective process and its equipment of acid mist pollution are reduced in steel rust removing acid cleaning process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109161908A CN109161908A CN201810820120.4A CN201810820120A CN109161908A CN 109161908 A CN109161908 A CN 109161908A CN 201810820120 A CN201810820120 A CN 201810820120A CN 109161908 A CN109161908 A CN 109161908A
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- pickling
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- cleaning process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
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- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is that the environment-protective process and its equipment of acid mist pollution are reduced in steel rust removing acid cleaning process, and step includes preparing hydrochloric acid and ferric trichloride mixed solution as pickling solution；Steel to be processed are submerged in pickling solution and carry out pickling；Replenishers are added into pickling solution in acid cleaning process；Steel part is taken out after the completion of pickling.Equipment includes with lower component: pickling soaking compartment, for carrying out the pickling of steel；Replenishers slot, for storing replenishers；Pumping, the liquid inlet of the pumping are connected with replenishers slot, and liquid outlet is connected with pickling soaking compartment, and the switch of pumping throws the control of control machine by detecting automatically；Control machine is thrown in automatic detection, including at least one controller, is connected by electric signal with pumping and is controlled the switch of pumping.This technique is replacing part hydrochloric acid to carry out the surface corrosion of steel by using liquor ferri trichloridi, and acid mist pollution is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel rust removing acid cleaning process, in particular to acid mist pollution is reduced in a kind of steel rust removing acid cleaning process
Environment-protective process.
Background technique
Pickling refers to that (principal component is ferrous oxide, ferroso-ferric oxide using the oxide layer on pickling solution removal steel surface
And di-iron trioxide) and the impurity such as rust clean method.Pickling is usually needed before the processing of the surface of steel to carry out table
Face removal of impurities pretreatment.The existing common pickling solution of acid cleaning process is concentrated hydrochloric acid.There are two effects for the pickling solution of steel, wherein one
A is the oxide layer (i.e. iron rust) for removing steel surface, another is the surface of steel to occur microcorrosion reaction refreshing table
Face.
Following reaction occurs when removing oxide layer for pickling solution:
FeO+2HCl→FeCl2+H2O
Fe2O3+6HCl→2FeCl3+3H2O
Fe3O4+6HCl→2FeCl3+FeCl2+4H2O
Although the product FeCl that hydrochloric acid is reacted with ferroso-ferric oxide, the di-iron trioxide in oxide layer3Meeting and steel surface
Iron occur redox reaction, help out in pickling refresh process.But due to the FeCl in pickling solution3Content very
It is few, therefore the reacting dose of this reaction is also very small.
Fe+2FeCl3→3FeCl2
The key reaction generation that steel are refreshed with surface in the form of microcorrosion is as follows:
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑
But due to concentration of hydrochloric acid height in the pickling solution of preparation in current steel rust removing pickling production technology, and it is based on workpiece
It launches and impregnates convenient consideration, trough aperture dimension is impregnated in the pickling of design must be sufficiently large, therefore inevitable in process of production
The a large amount of volatility acid mists of appearance.And acid mist is in addition to directly affecting the health of staff and other than causing the loss of equipment, if
Draining into atmosphere also will cause acid deposition and carrys out adverse effect to the living zone of crops and other animals and plants.In addition in pickling solution
Hydrochloric acid and iron reaction can produce hydrogen, a part of hydrogen evolution, since hydrogen is that fuel gas evolution can bring production safety hidden
Suffer from；Another part hydrogen is then diffused into steel matrix, is caused the mechanical property of steel to reduce, and may cause pickling bubble etc. and is lacked
It falls into, for the volatility acid mist generated in production process, processing dress can be absorbed by installing acid mist on pickling soaking compartment periphery
It sets to reduce acid mist, but since pickling immersion channel opening is big, therefore has little effect, be not still avoided that acid mist escapes.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the environment-protective process that acid mist pollution is reduced in a kind of steel rust removing acid cleaning process, this technique energy
It efficiently completes that production cost can also be reduced while processing of rust removing and reduces acid mist and hydrogen evolution；Meeting production to reach
In the case where efficiency and quality requirements, acid mist pollution is effectively reduced, keeps derusting pickling production more environmentally protective.
A second object of the present invention is to provide using the environment-protective process for reducing acid mist pollution in steel rust removing acid cleaning process
Equipment.
Solving technical solution used by first purpose of the invention is:
The environment-protective process of acid mist pollution is reduced in a kind of steel rust removing acid cleaning process, comprising the following steps:
1) hydrochloric acid and ferric trichloride mixed solution are prepared as pickling solution；
2) steel to be processed are submerged in pickling solution and carry out pickling；
3) replenishers are added into pickling solution in acid cleaning process；
4) steel part is taken out after the completion of pickling.
It is calculated by mass percentage in the pickling solution, comprising:
Hydrogen chloride 0.01-38%；
Ferric trichloride 0.01-84%；
H2O surplus；
The ingredient of the replenishers contains at least one of hydrochloric acid, ferric trichloride, oxidant and water.
The present invention is same as the prior art to the reaction principle of steel rust removing in the acid cleaning process of steel.And in micro- corruption
In terms of erosion refreshes steel surface, the present invention is using with FeCl3Instead of HCl as key reaction ingredient, in identical pickling speed
The concentration of hydrochloric acid of pickling solution is reduced in the case where degree,
Its reaction equation from
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑ (main reaction)
Fe+2FeCl3→3FeCl2(side reaction)
Become
Fe+2FeCl3→3FeCl2(main reaction)
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2↑ (side reaction)
Its reason is:
1)Fe3+Oxidisability be higher than H+, therefore FeCl3It is higher than the anti-of hydrochloric acid and metallic iron with the chemical reaction rate of metallic iron
Answer rate.Use FeCl3It, can be in the premise for reducing acid mist as the main chemical reactions ingredient that steel piece surface microcorrosion refreshes
It is lower effectively to save the production time and improve production efficiency.
2) FeCl is used3The key reaction for replacing the part HCl in existing pickling solution to refresh as steel piece surface microcorrosion
Ingredient can reduce the HCl content in pickling solution in the case where guaranteeing same derusting acid cleaning process quality.
3) FeCl is used3The key reaction for replacing the part HCl in existing pickling solution to refresh as steel piece surface microcorrosion
Ingredient can effectively reduce the hydrogen generating quantity of microcorrosion chemical reaction, overcome a large amount of hydrogen ease in the prior art as much as possible
It security hidden trouble out and is possible to adverse effect caused by steel material.
In order to keep the stability of steel piece surface microcorrosion speed, need to maintain FeCl in pickling solution3Concentration stablize.
Oxidant can be put into pickling solution in the case where there is sufficient hydrochloric acid makes FeCl2It is regenerated as FeCl3, can also direct plunge into and contain
There is FeCl3Solution supplement the FeCl being consumed in pickling solution3, thus the derusting pickling work effect for maintaining original process to set
Rate and pickling quality.
Ferric trichloride used in the present invention may be either ferric trichloride industrial chemicals, can also be by the saline oxide and/or carbon of iron
Hydrochlorate and hydrochloric acid and/or oxidant reaction is made or the two mixture.
Preferably, the oxidant in replenishers of the present invention includes sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, sodium chlorite, hypochlorous acid
At least one of sodium, SODIUM PERCARBONATE, hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.
In the present invention, hydrochloric acid is the acidity in order to keep pickling solution in replenishers, and ferric trichloride is to keep pickling solution
Middle Fe3+Concentration；Oxidant is the oxidisability in order to keep pickling solution；Water be in order to keep the concentration of each ingredient in pickling solution with
And adjustment specific gravity.
In pickling solution, FeCl2With the reactive ion general formula of oxidant are as follows:
2Fe2++[O]+2H+→2Fe3++H2O
When oxidant is sodium perchlorate:
8FeCl2+NaClO4+8HCl→8FeCl3+NaCl+4H2O
When oxidant is sodium chlorate:
6FeCl2+NaClO3+6HCl→6FeCl3+NaCl+3H2O
When oxidant is sodium chlorite:
4FeCl2+NaClO2+4HCl→4FeCl3+NaCl+2H2O
When oxidant is sodium hypochlorite:
2FeCl2+NaClO+2HCl→2FeCl3+NaCl+H2O
When oxidant is SODIUM PERCARBONATE:
6FeCl2+2Na2CO3·3H2O2+10HCl→6FeCl3+4NaCl+8H2O+2CO2↑
When oxidant is hydrogen peroxide:
2FeCl2+H2O2+2HCl→2FeCl3+2H2O
When oxidant is oxygen:
4FeCl2+O2+4HCl→4FeCl3+2H2O。
The dispensing of replenishers throws control machine according to pickling solution by manually launching according to the condition of production or detecting at regular time and quantity automatically
The process parameter value of measurement and/or the replenishers that corresponding type and quantity are launched using time-program(me) control.
The technological parameter is at least one of acidity, oxidation-reduction potential and specific gravity in pickling solution.
Wherein the range of acidity is 0.005M-12M；
The range of oxidation-reduction potential is 250-800mV；
And specific gravity then needs to measure its rate of specific gravity after preparing pickling solution according to the pickling solution composition proportion of technological design, then
The suitable specific gravity state modulator value of control machine setting is thrown to carry out producing the control that feeds intake in automatic detection further according to this measured value.
When the dispensing of replenishers is by that (can select one or more ginsengs when process parameter control in real-time detection pickling solution
Count while using), it can be thrown by using automatic detection in the corresponding technological parameter sensor immersion pickling solution of control machine and carry out technique
The acquisition testing of parameter value throws in automatic detection carry out each parameter setting on control machine according to the technological requirements, enables it in acid cleaning process
In automatically according to each Parameters variation of technique of pickling solution make plus throw one or more replenishers in real time, make the pickling that entirely derusts
Cheng Douneng requires the acid pickling and rust removing ability for ensuring pickling solution according to intrinsic technique.
When technological parameter is acidity, it is continuously increased with the steel part quantity handled in pickling solution is put to, pickling solution
In part hydrochloric acid be consumed, cause the acidity of pickling solution lower and lower.When machine detects to obtain pickling liquid acidity lower than technique
When set acidity parameters value, automatic detection throws control chance and automatically controls pumping for hydrochloric acid and/or hydrochloric acid and FeCl3Mixing
Aqueous solution adds throwing to add in pickling solution the acidity for maintaining pickling solution.
When technological parameter is oxidation-reduction potential, constantly increase with the steel part quantity handled in pickling solution is put to
Add, the FeCl3 in pickling solution constantly becomes FeCl2, reduces the oxidation-reduction potential of pickling solution.When machine detects to obtain acid
When the oxidation-reduction potential numerical value of washing lotion is lower than the parameter value set by it, automatic detection throws control chance automatic control pumping for oxygen
The mixed solution of agent and/or FeCl3 and/or hydrochloric acid and FeCl3 add throwing to add in pickling solution to maintain original process to set
Pickling oxidation reduction potential numerical value.
It when technological parameter is specific gravity parameter, is continuously increased with the steel part quantity handled in pickling solution is put to, acid
Iron ion (divalent, trivalent) concentration in washing lotion is also continuously increased, and the specific gravity of pickling solution also constantly rises, in fact it could happen that supersaturation
Phenomenon causes to influence to produce to generate precipitating.When the pickling solution specific gravity detected by the machine is greater than parameter value set by it,
Automatic detection, which throws control machine and automatically controls to pump, adds throwing to mend the mixed solution of clear water and/or hydrochloric acid and/or hydrochloric acid and ferric trichloride
It is charged in pickling solution to dilute pickling solution, avoids generating precipitating.
When using time-program(me) control mode, setting time-program(me) on control machine empirically is thrown in automatic detection and controls journey
Formula enables time-program(me) control of the pumping in pickling operation process according to technological design that feeds intake add and throws each replenishers to pickling solution
In, to maintain each process parameter value of ortho acid washing lotion, it is ensured that maintain original pickling performance and effect.With above-mentioned technique
The comparison of parameter setting detection method, the equipment that one or more sensors can be saved using this time process control feeding mode
Cost.
Add the length at charging time interval and the size of throwing amount is added to be according to the condition of production, the quality of production and production safety
Empirical data is come fixed.With the progress that pickling produces, the effective component in pickling solution can be consumed, and pickling speed will become
It is low.So in order to keep the pickling of pickling solution that can stablize, pickling amount is bigger, adds the time interval for throwing replenishers will be short.It is logical
For often, setting the time point added is exactly that pickling speed drops in the range of specific production standard requirements tolerable (due to life
Production standard is the difference because of each enterprise or each product due to difference, therefore specific time range needs determines according to actual conditions).
And the amount of added throwing is to reach the empirical data of setting value to set according to adding each constituent concentration of rear pickling solution.
Preferably, described includes sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride in pickling solution and/or replenishers, and additive amount is
0.001-33wt%.Sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride can effectively use common-ion effect principle, increase chloride ion to accelerate derusting acid
The chemical reaction washed.
Second object of the present invention can solve by the following technical programs:
A kind of equipment using acid mist pollution environment-protective process is reduced in steel rust removing acid cleaning process above-mentioned, including with lower part
Part:
At least one pickling soaking compartment, for carrying out the pickling of steel；
At least one replenishers slot, for storing replenishers；
At least one pumping, the liquid inlet of the pumping are connected with replenishers slot, and liquid outlet is connected with pickling soaking compartment, pump
The switch at Pu throws the control of control machine by detecting automatically；
At least one automatic detection throws control machine and is connected by electric signal with pumping including at least one controller
Control the switch of pumping.
Every kind of different replenishers are independently stored in different replenishers slots.
Preferably, the controller is that relay system controls execution system and/or Programmable logical controller (PLC) executes system
System.
Preferably, it further comprises at least one technological parameter sensor that control machine is thrown in the automatic detection, is impregnated to pickling
Liquid in slot carries out parameter measure and the technological parameter measured is fed back to the controller, keeps the controller more quasi-
Really control execution.
Wherein, technological parameter sensor include acidity technological parameter sensor, oxidation-reduction potential technological parameter sensor,
At least one of specific gravity technological parameter sensor.
The controller can use separately as the process control system of time-program(me) open loop type and/or technique is cooperated to join
Number sensor is used as the control system of closed loop.
Preferably, overflow port is housed in the pickling soaking compartment.
In acid cleaning process, when pickling solution is because constantly adding throwing replenishers that volume is caused to increase, it can will be overflowed by overflow port
Pickling solution be transported in spillage temporary tank and store.
Preferably, liquidometer is housed in the pickling fermentation vat.
In steel part acid cleaning process pass through liquidometer detect pickling soaking compartment in pickling solution volume and take this as a foundation and
When add throwing replenishers, preventing steel part from taking excessive pickling solution out of when taking out from pickling soaking compartment leads to pickling liquid in soaking container
Product is very few；Guarantee that steel part is completely soaked.
Preferably, in the pickling fermentation vat be equipped with liquid circulation mixing plant, be pipeline liquid circulation reflux device and/
Or propeller mixer；
The pipeline liquid circulation reflux device is made of pumping and pipeline, and liquid inlet, the liquid outlet of pipeline are placed in
In pickling soaking compartment；And in the duct between be arranged pumping, by pumping driving pickling solution in pickling soaking compartment circulating reflux.
Liquid circulation mixing plant can make pickling solution each component be uniformly distributed, and reduce aggregation；It is automatic to effectively improve
The accuracy of control machine sample detection data is thrown in detection, it is ensured that the normal operation of production process.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) present invention derusting pickling environment-protective process replaces the surface microcorrosion of hydrochloric acid progress steel using liquor ferri trichloridi,
It is not only able to guarantee the quality of derusting acid cleaning process, or even better processing quality can be obtained, and acid can also be efficiently reduced
Hydrochloric acid dosage in washing lotion reduces production cost to save a large amount of hydrochloric acid.
2) derusting pickling environment-protective process of the invention is able to use less hydrochloric acid content and realizes identical pickling effect, therefore
Acid mist pollution can be greatly reduced, reduce the security risk that hydrogen generates.
3) this technique can throw control machine testing by using automatic detection and control the technological parameter of pickling solution, reduce worker's
Operating quantity is stablized and improves acid-washed product quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is integral device schematic diagram used in 2-6 of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is integral device schematic diagram used in 7-8 of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is integral device schematic diagram used in 9-13 of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is integral device schematic diagram used in the embodiment of the present invention 14.
In figure: 1 throws control machine for automatic detection；2 be pickling soaking compartment；3 be replenishers slot；4 be pumping；5 be spillage
Temporary tank；C is control；D is detection.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, so that those skilled in the art can be better
Understand the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
In following embodiments and comparative example, used ferric trichloride is the FeCl of Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory production3；
Used sodium chloride is the NaCl (>=99.0%) of Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory production；Used ammonium chloride is Guangzhou chemistry
The NH of chemical reagent work's production4Cl；Used hydrochloric acid is the hydrochloric acid solution of Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory production；Used hydrogen peroxide is
The 50%H of Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory production2O2；Used sodium chlorate is the NaClO of Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory production3(≥
99.0%)；Used sodium perchlorate is the sodium perchlorate that group's production is changed in Foochow one；Used sodium chlorite is raw for Sunyu
The sodium chlorite of object production；Used sodium hypochlorite is the sodium hypochlorite of Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory production；It is used to cross carbon
Sour sodium is to win great source board SODIUM PERCARBONATE；Used oxygen is the compressed oxygen of the prosperous gas generation of Hami sunlight.The automatic inspection used
Observing and controlling machine is the Automatic Detection and Control machine of Guangzhou Ye Gao Chemical Co., Ltd. production；The power of the pumping used is 20,000
Watt.
In addition to above-mentioned enumerate, those skilled in the art according to conventional selection, also can choose it is other have and this hair
Bright the said goods enumerated have the product of similar performance, and the purpose of the present invention may be implemented.
In the present invention, the calculation of pickling speed is as follows
Wherein, mBefore picklingFor weight/g before pickling part pickling, mAfter picklingFor weight/g after pickling part pickling, when t is pickling
Between/min, A is surface area/m of pickling2.(similarly hereinafter)
In embodiment 1, and without using automatic detection control machine is thrown, and whole process is manual operation and descaling bath and benefit is used only
Agent slot is filled, and descaling bath and replenishers slot are independent placement, have no any connection relationship between the two.
To embodiment 14 since embodiment 2, control machine 1 is thrown using automatic detection and is operated, specific equipment connection mode
It can refer to attached drawing.
In the equipment used in embodiment 2-6, pipeline liquid circulation reflux device, overflow are equipped in pickling soaking compartment 2
Mouth, liquidometer, control machine 1 is thrown in automatic detection has relay system to control execution system.
In embodiment 7-8, automatic detection is thrown in control machine 1 has relay system control execution system and technological parameter to pass simultaneously
Sensor.Wherein, control machine is thrown in the automatic detection of embodiment 7 a relay system control execution system and a technological parameter sensing
Device, control machine is thrown in the automatic detection of embodiment 8, and there are three relay system control execution system and three technological parameter sensors.
In embodiment 9-13, propeller mixer, overflow port, liquidometer are equipped in pickling soaking compartment 2.
Automatically detection throws control machine 1 and has that PLC executes system and technological parameter passes simultaneously used in the embodiment 9,10,13
Sensor.Wherein, control machine is thrown in the automatic detection of embodiment 9 has a PLC to execute system and two technological parameter sensors, embodiment
Control machine is thrown in 10 automatic detection has a PLC to execute system and three technological parameter sensors, and the automatic detection of embodiment 13 is thrown
Control machine has a PLC to execute system and a technological parameter sensor
Automatically detection throws control machine 1 there are three relay system control execution system and two simultaneously used in the embodiment 11
Technological parameter sensor.
Automatically detection throws control machine 1 and has a PLC to execute system and a relay system simultaneously used in the embodiment 12
Control execution system and two technological parameter sensors.
In embodiment 14, pipeline liquid circulation reflux device and propeller mixer, overflow are equipped in pickling soaking compartment 2
Mouth, liquidometer；Control machine 1 is thrown in the automatic detection used has PLC to execute system.
Embodiment 1
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted in Tables 1 and 2 represented
Operating temperature.
3) by 5 pieces of 124X78mm, positive and negative surface is burnt after the stainless steel plate to black is weighed with flame is submerged to acid in turn
It washes and carries out pickling in soaking compartment, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling, pickling
200ml replenishers 1 were added into pickling solution manually every 10 minutes in the process；
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 2
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
It throws that control machine 1 controls replenisher by time-program(me) using automatic detection plus throws, when reaching what Tables 1 and 2 was specified
When interval time setting value, acidproof 4 control of pumping of automatic opening extracts replenisher in supplement liquid bath 3 and adds throwing 200ml replenishers
1；The pickling solution of spilling is flowed in spillage temporary tank 5 by overflow port and is stored.
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 3-5
Test method is same as Example 2, when difference is ingredient and the cooperation, pickling of pickling solution and/or replenisher
Operating temperature it is different, see Table 1 for details and table 2.
Metal surface observation result and pickling speed average value after pickling are recorded in table 3.
Embodiment 6
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
It throws that control machine 1 controls replenisher by time-program(me) using automatic detection plus throws, when reaching what Tables 1 and 2 was specified
When interval time setting value, automatically turns on acid-proof pump and add throwing 200ml replenishers 1 and 3ml replenishers 3；The pickling solution of spilling passes through
Overflow port flows to be stored in spillage temporary tank 5.
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 7
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
It throws control machine 1 using automatic detection to detect the specific gravity of pickling solution, when detecting that pickling solution specific gravity is higher than 1 He of table
Acid-proof pump is automatically turned on when the specific gravity setting value that table 2 is specified and adds throwing replenishers 1 and replenishers 3, and each replenishers are independent to be placed on
In different supplement liquid baths 3.
Embodiment 8
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
It throws control machine 1 using automatic detection to detect the acidity, oxidation-reduction potential and specific gravity of pickling solution, when detecting
Acid-proof pump is automatically turned on when pickling liquid acidity is lower than the acidity setting value that Tables 1 and 2 is specified add and throw replenishers 1, when detecting acid
Automatically turning on acid-proof pump when washing lotion oxidation-reduction potential is lower than the oxidation-reduction potential setting value that Tables 1 and 2 is specified adds throwing to supplement
Agent 2 automatically turns on acid-proof pump when detecting that pickling solution specific gravity is higher than the specified specific gravity setting value of Tables 1 and 2 and adds throwing replenishers
3, each replenishers are independent to be placed in different supplement liquid baths 3.
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 9
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
It throws control machine 1 using automatic detection to detect the acidity and oxidation-reduction potential of pickling solution, when detecting pickling
Acid-proof pump is automatically turned on when liquid acidity is lower than the acidity setting value that Tables 1 and 2 is specified and adds throwing replenishers 1 and replenishers 3, works as detection
Acid-proof pump, which is automatically turned on, when to pickling oxidation reduction potential lower than the oxidation-reduction potential setting value that Tables 1 and 2 is specified adds throwing
Replenishers 2.Each replenishers are independent to be placed in different supplement liquid baths 3.
The pickling solution of spilling is flowed in spillage temporary tank 5 by overflow port and is stored.
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 10
Test method is same as Example 8, when difference is ingredient and the cooperation, pickling of pickling solution and/or replenisher
Operating temperature it is different, see Table 1 for details and table 2.
Metal surface observation result and pickling speed average value after pickling are recorded in table 3.
Embodiment 11
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
Control machine 1 is thrown using the automatic detection for being equipped with time-program(me) control to detect the oxidation-reduction potential of pickling solution,
Acid-proof pump is automatically turned on when detecting pickling liquid acidity lower than the acidity setting value that Tables 1 and 2 is specified adds throwing replenishers 2, when
Acid-proof pump control is automatically turned on when reaching the interval time setting value that Tables 1 and 2 is specified plus throws 10ml replenishers 3, each replenishers
It is independent to be placed in different supplement liquid baths 3.
The pickling solution of spilling is flowed in spillage temporary tank 5 by overflow port and is stored.
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 12
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
Compressed oxygen cylinder is set by pickling soaking compartment 2, the outlet mouth of pipe of oxygen cylinder is placed under pickling liquid level, using certainly
Dynamic detection is thrown control machine 1 and is detected to the acidity and oxidation-reduction potential of pickling solution, when detecting pickling liquid acidity lower than 1 He of table
Acid-proof pump is automatically turned on when the specified acidity setting value of table 2 add and throw replenishers 1, when detecting that pickling oxidation reduction potential is lower than
Acid-proof pump is automatically turned on when the oxidation-reduction potential setting value that Tables 1 and 2 is specified to add throwing replenishers 2 and open oxygen cylinder escape pipe
Air valve.Each replenishers are independent to be placed in different supplement liquid baths 3.
The pickling solution of spilling is flowed in spillage temporary tank 5 by overflow port and is stored.
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 13
1) according to ingredient and proportion cited in Tables 1 and 2, each raw material is mixed, obtain used in pickling solution and
Replenishers.
2) pickling solution of 2L is poured into pickling soaking compartment 2, and the temperature of pickling solution is adjusted to institute's table in Tables 1 and 2
The operating temperature shown.
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling；
Compressed oxygen cylinder is set by pickling soaking compartment 2, the outlet mouth of pipe of oxygen cylinder is placed under pickling liquid level, using certainly
Dynamic detection is thrown control machine 1 and is detected to the oxidation-reduction potential of pickling solution, when detecting pickling oxidation reduction potential lower than table 1
Acidproof pumping 4 is automatically turned on when the oxidation-reduction potential setting value specified with table 2 plus is thrown replenishers 2 and is opened oxygen cylinder escape pipe
Air valve.
The pickling solution of spilling is flowed in spillage temporary tank 5 by overflow port and is stored.
4) the appended remaining pickling solution in surface is rinsed using clear water to stainless steel plate, is then weighed after hot blast drying to constant weight
Its weight；Observe pickling after metal surface and according to formula 1 calculate pickling speed, will observation result and pickling speed average value note
It records in table 3.
Embodiment 14
Test method is identical as embodiment 3-7, and difference is ingredient and the cooperation, pickling of pickling solution and/or replenisher
When operating temperature it is different, see Table 1 for details and table 2.
Metal surface observation result and pickling speed average value after pickling are recorded in table 3.
Comparative example 1
1) pickling solution and each composition proportion of replenishers specified according to Tables 1 and 2 mix each raw material, obtain pickling solution and
Replenishers；
2) 2L pickling solution is poured into pickling soaking compartment, and pickling solution is adjusted to the specified operating temperature of Tables 1 and 2；
3) it is 124 × 78mm by 5 block specifications, is submerged to pickling in turn after the two-sided weighing with the stainless steel plate of baked wheaten cake to black
Pickling is carried out in liquid, every piece of stainless steel plate pickling time is 5 minutes, is taken out from pickling solution after the completion of pickling, in acid cleaning process
200ml replenishers were added into pickling solution manually every 10 minutes；
4) stainless steel plate is rinsed with clear water, is weighed after hot blast drying, the metal surface after observing pickling, and
Pickling speed is calculated according to formula 1, observation result and pickling speed average value are recorded in table 3.
Comparative example 2-3
The each component content and pickling operating temperature of comparative example 2-3 repeats comparative example 1 referring to listed by the following table 1 and table 2
Method.
Pickling speed calculating is carried out according to formula 1, observation result and pickling speed average value are recorded in table 3.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
It is shown according to the data in table 1- table 3, sour concentration level is that environmental pollution is most in acid cleaning process in pickling solution
Major reason, sour concentration is higher in pickling solution, and the acid mist given out in acid cleaning process is more, with the increase of operating temperature,
The volatilization of acid mist and the generation of hydrogen are all the more serious.The pickling formula of liquid of comparative example 1-3 is common formula in the prior art,
The pickling speed of all embodiments is all higher than comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and in all embodiments after pickling the case where metal covering with
Comparative example is not different.
By comparative example 1 compared with embodiment 13, acid concentration is identical in the pickling solution of the two, but the pickling speed of comparative example 1
For 1.12gmin-1m-2, lower than the pickling speed 1.95gmin of embodiment 13-1m-2.That is, pickling solution of the invention
Pickling speed can be improved on the basis of acid concentration is identical, so as to shorten the time of pickling, reduce the pollution of environment.
The pickling speed of the pickling solution that comparative example 2 and 3 is formulated at normal temperature is slower, is usually warmed to 80 DEG C of uses.However
As shown in comparative example 3, just there are a large amount of bubbles and overpowering odor to come out when which is heated to 50 DEG C.In contrast, this hair
The pickling speed of bright embodiment 6 is higher than comparative example 3, and only a small amount of smog and smell, substantially improves in acid cleaning process
Environmental pollution.
It is not limiting the scope of the present invention with the above embodiment of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this, all this kind above content according to the present invention is not being departed from according to the ordinary technical knowledge and customary means of this field
Under the premise of the above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the present invention, the modifications of other diversified forms that above structure of the present invention is made, replacement or
Change, should all fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. reducing the environment-protective process of acid mist pollution in a kind of steel rust removing acid cleaning process, which comprises the following steps: 1)
Hydrochloric acid and ferric trichloride mixed solution are prepared as pickling solution；
2) steel to be processed are submerged in pickling solution and carry out pickling；
3) replenishers are added into pickling solution in acid cleaning process；
4) steel part is taken out after the completion of pickling.
It is calculated by mass percentage in the pickling solution, comprising:
Hydrogen chloride 0.01-38%；
Ferric trichloride 0.01-84%；
Water surplus；
The ingredient of the replenishers contains at least one of hydrochloric acid, ferric trichloride, oxidant and water.
2. reducing the environment-protective process of acid mist pollution in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Oxidant in the replenishers includes sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite, SODIUM PERCARBONATE, hydrogen peroxide and oxygen
At least one of gas.
3. reducing the environment-protective process of acid mist pollution in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The dispensing of replenishers is by detecting technological parameter and/or the dispensing of pickling working time control in pickling solution in the step 3)
The type and quantity of replenishers.
4. reducing the environment-protective process of acid mist pollution in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
The technological parameter is at least one of acidity, oxidation-reduction potential and specific gravity in pickling solution.
5. reducing the environment-protective process of acid mist pollution in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
Numberical range in the technological parameter are as follows:
Acidity: 0.005M-12M
Oxidation-reduction potential: 250-800mV.
6. the environment-protective process of acid mist pollution is reduced in -5 any steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is: including sodium chloride and/or ammonium chloride, additive amount 0.001-33wt% in pickling solution and/or replenishers.
7. reducing setting for acid mist pollution environment-protective process in a kind of -6 any steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 1
It is standby, which is characterized in that including with lower component:
At least one pickling soaking compartment, for carrying out the pickling of steel；
At least one replenishers slot, for storing replenishers；
At least one pumping, the liquid inlet of the pumping are connected with replenishers slot, and liquid outlet is connected with pickling soaking compartment, pumping
Switch throws the control of control machine by detecting automatically；
Control machine is thrown at least one automatic detection, including at least one controller, is connected with pumping control by electric signal
The switch of pumping.
8. the equipment for reducing acid mist pollution environment-protective process in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 7, feature
Be: the controller that control machine is thrown in the automatic detection is that relay system controls execution system and/or Programmable logical controller executes
System.
9. the equipment for reducing acid mist pollution environment-protective process in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 7, feature
Be: it further comprises at least one technological parameter sensor that control machine is thrown in the automatic detection, to the liquid in pickling soaking compartment
It carries out parameter measure and the process parameter value measured is fed back into corresponding controllers, the technological parameter sensor includes acid
Spend at least one of technological parameter sensor, oxidation-reduction potential technological parameter sensor, specific gravity technological parameter sensor.
10. the equipment for reducing acid mist pollution environment-protective process in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 7, feature
It is: equipped with overflow port in the pickling soaking compartment.
11. the equipment for reducing acid mist pollution environment-protective process in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 7, feature
It is: equipped with liquidometer in the pickling fermentation vat.
12. reducing setting for acid mist pollution environment-protective process according in any steel rust removing acid cleaning process of claim 7-11
It is standby, it is characterised in that: liquid circulation mixing plant is equipped in the pickling fermentation vat.
13. the equipment for reducing acid mist pollution environment-protective process in steel rust removing acid cleaning process according to claim 12, special
Sign is: the circulation stirring equipment is pipeline liquid circulation reflux device and/or propeller mixer；
The pipeline liquid circulation reflux device is made of pumping and pipeline, and liquid inlet, the liquid outlet of pipeline are placed in pickling
In soaking compartment；And in the duct between be arranged pumping, by pumping driving pickling solution in pickling soaking compartment circulating reflux.
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| CN114686942A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-01 | 华源隆精密五金制造(惠州)有限公司 | Production method of high-strength battery shell metal material |
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