CN109161759B - Method for improving stamping performance of magnesium alloy plate - Google Patents
Method for improving stamping performance of magnesium alloy plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109161759B CN109161759B CN201811176880.2A CN201811176880A CN109161759B CN 109161759 B CN109161759 B CN 109161759B CN 201811176880 A CN201811176880 A CN 201811176880A CN 109161759 B CN109161759 B CN 109161759B
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000706 light magnesium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the punching performance of a magnesium alloy plate, which comprises the following steps of deforming the magnesium alloy plate along the thickness direction of the plate; preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate for 4-10 hours at the temperature of 150-200 ℃; deforming the magnesium alloy plate along the width direction of the plate; and preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate after the secondary deformation at the temperature of between 300 and 450 ℃ for 0.5 to 2 hours, and then carrying out water cooling. The magnesium alloy plate is induced to generate different gradient strain through two times of deformation in different directions, the preferred orientation of crystal grains of the magnesium alloy during deformation is regulated and controlled by combining the dynamic recrystallization behavior of the magnesium alloy, the crystal grains deflect in different directions and deviate from a basal plane structure, the critical shear stress is reduced, the magnesium alloy plate is easier to deform in the thickness direction, and therefore the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnesium alloy plate processing, in particular to a method for improving the stamping performance of a magnesium alloy plate.
Background
Magnesium alloys are currently the lightest engineering metal materials. The density of magnesium is 1.738g/cm3, which is about 2/3 of aluminum, 2/5 of titanium and 1/4 of steel, meanwhile, the magnesium alloy also has a series of unique advantages of high strength, high rigidity, good damping and vibration damping performance, strong electromagnetic shielding and heat conducting performances, easy cutting and processing, easy recovery and the like, therefore, the magnesium alloy is known as a green engineering material in the 21 st century. In the 21 st century, the international environment has increasingly strong requirements on light weight, energy conservation and emission reduction of structural components (such as aerospace, automobiles, 3C products and other structural components).
In the field of national defense and military, the irreplaceable advantages of the light magnesium alloy are highlighted by the characteristics of the aircraft and the special requirements of the working environment, the maneuverability of the aircraft can be improved by reducing the weight, and the launching cost of the spacecraft (rocket, flying and the like) can be reduced. In addition, reducing weight means that the range and hit accuracy of the weapon can be improved. In the civil use, with the progress of the human society, the demand for preservation of the environment is further increased. For example, the requirements for weight reduction, energy conservation and consumption reduction of modern automobiles are continuously increased, the weight reduction becomes an important target for automobile material selection, and the magnesium alloy becomes an ideal new material in the design of automobile industrial materials. In addition, the magnesium alloy can also replace engineering plastics, and meets the requirements of light weight, thinness, miniaturization, high integration level and environmental protection of 3C (computer, communication and consumer electronics) products. Therefore, on the premise that resources, high technology and environment become sustainable development of human beings, magnesium and magnesium alloy are used as new materials with important strategic significance for maintaining social sustainable development, and new development and application enthusiasm is raised in the world.
The magnesium alloy plate is widely applied to portable appliances and the automobile industry, and the aim of light weight is fulfilled. However, the conventional magnesium alloy sheet has poor stamping performance, and the application of the magnesium alloy sheet is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for improving the punching performance of the magnesium alloy sheet material, aiming at the problem of poor punching performance of the traditional magnesium alloy sheet material.
A method for improving the stamping performance of a magnesium alloy plate comprises the following steps:
deforming the magnesium alloy plate along the thickness direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 10-30%, the deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, and the deformation speed is 10-3mm/s-10mm/s；
Preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate at 150-200 ℃ for 4-10 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate;
deforming the magnesium alloy plate along the width direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 5-35%, the deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, and the deformation speed is 10-3mm/s-10 mm/s; and
and preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate after the secondary deformation at the temperature of between 300 and 450 ℃ for 0.5 to 2 hours, and then cooling the magnesium alloy plate by water.
In one embodiment, the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al-3%, Zn-1%, Mn-0.3%, Mg-95.7%.
In one embodiment, the magnesium alloy is an AZ31 magnesium alloy.
In one embodiment, the magnesium alloy plate is rolled along the thickness direction of the plate, the deformation amount is 10%, the deformation temperature is 200 ℃, and the deformation speed is 1 mm/s;
preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate at 180 ℃ for 8 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate;
pre-compressing and deforming the magnesium alloy plate at 150 ℃ along the width direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 5 percent, and the deformation speed is 10 percent-2mm/s; and
and preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate after the secondary deformation at 330 ℃ for 0.5 hour, and then cooling the magnesium alloy plate by water.
In one embodiment, the magnesium alloy sheet material has a width of 50mm and a thickness of 1.2 mm.
In one embodiment, the magnesium alloy sheet material is pre-compressed and deformed at 200 ℃ along the thickness direction of the sheet material, the deformation amount is 20%, and the deformation speed is 5 mm/s;
preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate at 200 ℃ for 6 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate;
rolling and compressing the magnesium alloy plate along the width direction of the plate for deformation, wherein the deformation amount is 10%, the deformation temperature is 200 ℃, and the deformation speed is 0.1 mm/s; and
and (3) preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate after the secondary deformation for 1 hour at 360 ℃, and then cooling the magnesium alloy plate by water.
In one embodiment, the magnesium alloy sheet material has a width of 50mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
According to the method for improving the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy plate, different gradient strain is induced by two times of deformation in different directions, the preferred orientation of crystal grains of the magnesium alloy during deformation is regulated and controlled by combining the dynamic recrystallization behavior of the magnesium alloy, the crystal grains deflect in different directions and deviate from a basal plane structure, the Schmidt factor is increased, the critical shear stress is reduced, and the magnesium alloy plate is easier to deform in the thickness direction, so that the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy can be improved, the application range of the magnesium alloy is improved, and the method has great development for military use and civil use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving the stamping performance of a magnesium alloy sheet according to one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnesium alloy sheet according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, a method for improving stamping performance of a magnesium alloy plate includes the following steps:
step S110: deforming the magnesium alloy plate 10 along the thickness direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 10-30%, the deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, and the deformation speed is 10-3mm/s-10mm/s。
Specifically, the magnesium alloy is AZ31 magnesium alloy, and the AZ31 magnesium alloy is mainly applied to 3C product shells, vehicle shells and the like. The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al-3%, Zn-1%, Mn-0.3%, Mg-95.7%.
Wherein the thickness direction of the magnesium alloy sheet material 10I.e. perpendicular to the plane of the plate, as shown in the Z-axis. The magnesium alloy sheet material 10 is deformed in the thickness direction of the sheet material, so that the crystal grain orientation of the magnesium alloy sheet material 10 can be deflected or concentrated to a certain extent. The deformation amount is 10-30%, so that the plate can be greatly deformed, more orientations of crystal grains can be generated, and the plate can be dynamically recrystallized by combining the deformation temperature. The deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, so that the plate mainly undergoes dynamic recrystallization. A deformation speed of 10-3mm/s-10mm/s, and the deformation speed is low speed and high speed, so that deformation of different degrees can be realized.
Step S120: and (3) preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate 10 at the temperature of between 150 and 200 ℃ for 4 to 10 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate 10.
Specifically, after the deformed magnesium alloy sheet 10 is annealed, the chemical components can be homogenized, the internal residual stress can be removed, the crystal grains can be refined, and the structure can be adjusted.
Step S130: deforming the magnesium alloy plate 10 along the width direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 5-35%, the deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, and the deformation speed is 10-3mm/s-10mm/s。
Specifically, the width direction of the sheet material, i.e., the direction perpendicular to both the length and thickness of the sheet material, i.e., the Y-axis direction in the illustration. The magnesium alloy plate 10 is deformed along the width direction, so that the grain orientation of the magnesium alloy plate 10 can be deflected or concentrated to a certain extent, and the grain orientation can be different through two times of deformation in different directions, and finally, the structural weakening is realized. Similarly, the deformation amount is 5-35%, so that the plate can be greatly deformed, more orientations of crystal grains are generated, and the plate is dynamically recrystallized by combining the deformation temperature. The deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, so that the plate mainly undergoes dynamic recrystallization. A deformation speed of 10-3mm/s-10mm/s, and the deformation speed is low speed and high speed, so that deformation of different degrees can be realized.
Step S140: and preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate 10 after the secondary deformation at the temperature of between 300 and 450 ℃ for 0.5 to 2 hours, and then cooling the magnesium alloy plate 10 by water.
Specifically, the deformed magnesium alloy sheet 10 is heated and held for a certain period of time, and then immediately cooled by water rapidly, so that the internal structure of the magnesium alloy sheet 10 is homogenized. Through the deformation, the crystal grains deflect in different directions and deviate from a basal plane structure, the Schmidt factor is increased, the critical shear stress is reduced, the magnesium alloy plate 10 is easier to deform in the thickness direction, and the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy can be improved. The following is a concrete demonstration by experiment.
Experiment one
Materials: selecting AZ31 magnesium alloy to extrude a magnesium alloy plate 10, wherein the width of the plate is 50mm, the thickness of the plate is 1.2mm, and the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al-3%, Zn-1%, Mn-0.3%, Mg-95.7%.
The processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) the magnesium alloy plate 10 is rolled along the thickness direction of the plate, namely the magnesium alloy plate 10 is rolled along the X-axis direction, the deformation amount is 10%, the deformation temperature is 200 ℃, and the deformation speed is 1 mm/s.
(2) And (3) heat treatment: and (3) preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate 10 at 180 ℃ for 8 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate 10.
(3) Pre-compressing the magnesium alloy sheet 10 at 150 deg.C along the width direction of the sheet, i.e. the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the thickness of the sheet, with a deformation amount of 5% and a deformation speed of 10%-2mm/s。
(4) Tissue homogenization: and (3) preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate 10 after the secondary deformation at 330 ℃ for 0.5 hour, and immediately cooling by water.
The experimental results are as follows:
| test specimen | Cupping value | Plastic strain ratio (r value) |
| Original sample | 2.9 | 1.62 |
| Deformed sample | 7.8 | 0.97 |
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the original sample, the cup protrusion value of the deformed sample is obviously increased, and the plastic strain ratio is obviously reduced, which indicates that the punching performance of the deformed sample is obviously improved.
Experiment two
Materials: selecting AZ31 magnesium alloy to roll into a magnesium alloy plate 10, wherein the width of the plate is 50mm, the thickness of the plate is 2mm, and the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al-3%, Zn-1%, Mn-0.3%, Mg-95.7%.
The processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) the magnesium alloy sheet material 10 was subjected to pre-compression deformation at 200 ℃ in the thickness direction thereof at a deformation amount of 20% and a deformation speed of 5 mm/s. Wherein, the thickness direction of the plate is vertical to the Z-axis direction of the plate surface.
(2) And (3) heat treatment: and (3) keeping the deformed magnesium alloy plate 10 at 200 ℃ for 6 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate 10.
(3) The magnesium alloy sheet 10 is rolled and compressed along the width direction of the sheet to deform, the deformation amount is 10%, the deformation temperature is 200 ℃, and the deformation speed is 0.1 mm/s. The width direction of the plate is the Y-axis direction.
(4) Tissue homogenization: and (3) preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate 10 after the secondary deformation for 1 hour at 360 ℃, and then immediately cooling the magnesium alloy plate 10 by water.
The experimental results are as follows:
| test specimen | Cupping value | Plastic strain ratio (r value) |
| Original sample | 2.9 | 1.62 |
| Deformed sample | 8.3 | 0.98 |
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the original sample, the cup protrusion value of the deformed sample is obviously increased, and the plastic strain ratio is obviously reduced, which indicates that the punching performance of the deformed sample is obviously improved.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for improving the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
deforming the magnesium alloy plate along the thickness direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 10-30%, the deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, and the deformation speed is 10-3mm/s-10mm/s；
Preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate at 150-200 ℃ for 4-10 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate;
deforming the magnesium alloy plate along the width direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 5-35%, the deformation temperature is 150-350 ℃, and the deformation speed is 10-3mm/s-10 mm/s; and
and preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate after the secondary deformation at the temperature of between 300 and 450 ℃ for 0.5 to 2 hours, and then cooling the magnesium alloy plate by water.
2. The method for improving the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al-3%, Zn-1%, Mn-0.3%, Mg-95.7%.
3. The method for improving the stamping performance of magnesium alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy is AZ31 magnesium alloy.
4. The method for improving the punching property of magnesium alloy sheet material according to claim 1,
rolling the magnesium alloy plate along the thickness direction of the plate, wherein the deformation is 10%, the deformation temperature is 200 ℃, and the deformation speed is 1 mm/s;
preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate at 180 ℃ for 8 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate;
pre-compressing and deforming the magnesium alloy plate at 150 ℃ along the width direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 5 percent, and the deformation speed is 10 percent-2mm/s; and
and preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate after the secondary deformation at 330 ℃ for 0.5 hour, and then cooling the magnesium alloy plate by water.
5. The method for improving the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy sheet according to claim 4, wherein the width of the magnesium alloy sheet is 50mm, and the thickness of the magnesium alloy sheet is 1.2 mm.
6. The method for improving the punching property of magnesium alloy sheet material according to claim 1,
pre-compressing and deforming the magnesium alloy plate at 200 ℃ along the thickness direction of the plate, wherein the deformation amount is 20%, and the deformation speed is 5 mm/s;
preserving the heat of the deformed magnesium alloy plate at 200 ℃ for 6 hours to anneal and destress the magnesium alloy plate;
rolling and compressing the magnesium alloy plate along the width direction of the plate for deformation, wherein the deformation amount is 10%, the deformation temperature is 200 ℃, and the deformation speed is 0.1 mm/s; and
and (3) preserving the heat of the magnesium alloy plate after the secondary deformation for 1 hour at 360 ℃, and then cooling the magnesium alloy plate by water.
7. The method for improving the stamping performance of the magnesium alloy sheet according to claim 6, wherein the magnesium alloy sheet has a width of 50mm and a thickness of 2 mm.
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