CN109157986A - Osmosis vaporizing compound membrane and preparation method thereof with " ladder " degree of cross linking - Google Patents
Osmosis vaporizing compound membrane and preparation method thereof with " ladder " degree of cross linking Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
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Abstract
The present invention is prepared for novel osmosis vaporizing compound membrane using interfacial polymerization, by changing oil phase monomer (i.e. crosslinking agent) concentration, is had the composite membrane of " ladder " degree of cross linking, significantly improves the separating property of film.Method of the invention is easy to operate, easy to spread, the composite membrane and preparation method thereof with " ladder " degree of cross linking being related to, it can be used for other film fields such as osmotic, evaporating and dewatering membrane, infiltration evaporation alcohol permselective membrane, infiltration evaporation organic matter seperation film, gas separation membrane, reverse osmosis membrane, open new approaches and new method for UF membrane research.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of infiltrating and vaporizing membranes and preparation method thereof with " ladder " degree of cross linking, are suitable for chemical process
The production of dehydrated alcohol.
Background technique
At present industrialization dehydrated alcohol production method it is very much, common are molecular sieve adsorption, the ternary azeotropic way of distillation,
Extraction fractional distillation etc..These methods are able to achieve the production of dehydrated alcohol of the conventional water yield less than 1%, but ought further drop
When the water content of low dehydrated alcohol or be unable to reach requirement or exist in operation energy consumption it is high, it is at high cost, pollute
Seriously, the problems such as yield is low, to seriously constrain the development of the industries Related product such as pharmacy, fine chemistry industry.
Low energy consumption by it for infiltration evaporation membrane separation technique, environmental protection, safe operation, device are not limited by vapor liquid equilibrium simply,
The features such as processed, has been applied to many chemical processes now.Closely boiling object, azeotrope, isomers, heat-sensitive material separation and
From the industrial production for isolating and purifying required substance in high concentration liquid, infiltration evaporation separate mode more traditional than distillation, absorption etc.
With advantage outstanding, and can be combined with these conventional separation techniques.Infiltration evaporation membrane separation technique has become film
One of the advanced subject in Separation Research field.
Currently, the preparation method of the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane for dehydrated alcohol production is mostly phase inversion, method preparation is answered
Closing film, at home and abroad more companies have been realized in industrialized production, while separation factor with higher and good stabilization
Property.But since often separating layer is thicker for the composite membrane of phase inversion preparation, to limit further mentioning for its permeation flux
Height, and according to solubility parameter principle, the solubility parameter of membrane material and a certain component in system to be separated are closer, the component
Just it is preferentially dissolved in film surface.But the solubility of the two is very good, will lead to solvent and stops in polymer, no longer spreads,
The resistance for increasing diffusion, influences the promotion of permeation flux.Based on this, this patent proposes preparation tool on the basis of technique layer by layer
There is the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane of " ladder " degree of cross linking, it is good to guarantee that the skin-material of infiltrating and vaporizing membrane active layer and infiltration component have
Solubility, from outward appearance to inner essence, the degree of cross linking constantly gradually change, and reduce the diffusional resistance of infiltration component, to improve infiltrating and vaporizing membrane
Separating property.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to the concepts of " ladder " degree of cross linking to reduce infiltration component by the change of the degree of cross linking
Diffusional resistance in film, to improve the separating property of infiltrating and vaporizing membrane.
Technical solution of the present invention is summarized as follows:
1. the preparation method of the osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking, feature includes the following steps: that (1) will
Counterdie deionized water washing by soaking, and remove the moisture of film surface；(2) counterdie is soaked in the water of the amine of certain mass score
Certain time in solution takes out, and removes the extra solution of film surface, film surface is made not have drop；Or by certain mass score
The aqueous solution of amine is homogeneously applied to surface, places certain time, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface,
Film surface is set not have drop；(3) film that step (2) obtain is soaked in a timing in the cross-linking agent solution of certain mass score
Between, it takes out, removes the extra solution of film surface；Or the cross-linking agent solution of certain mass score is homogeneously applied to step (2)
The film surface of acquisition places certain time, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface；(4) change crosslinking agent
Type or the mass fraction for changing crosslinking agent, repeat 1-10 step (2) and step (3) on the film that step (3) obtain；(5)
The material that step (4) obtain is placed into certain time at a certain temperature, is had the infiltration evaporation of " ladder " degree of cross linking multiple
Close film.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step (1) counterdie is polysulfones, polyether sulfone, gathers inclined fluorine
The counterdies such as the polyacrylonitrile after ethylene, polyacrylonitrile or hydrolysis.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step (2) amine is polyethyleneimine, divinyl three
Amine, three (2- aminoethyl) amine, concentration 0.1-5wt%, soaking time 1-30min.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step (3) crosslinking agent is 2,4- toluene di-isocyanate (TD.I)
Ester or pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride, concentration 0-2wt%, soaking time 10-600s.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the solvent of step (3) described cross-linking agent solution is n-hexane
At least one of with hexamethylene.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the mass fraction of step (4) described cross-linking agent solution is 0-
2wt%.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that temperature described in step (5) is 40-100 DEG C, when placement
Between be 1-20min.
8. the osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking prepared by the method for one of claim 1-5, significantly mentions
The high separating property of composite membrane.The osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking of above method preparation, improves film
Separating property.
Advantages of the present invention:
1. osmosis vaporizing compound membrane of the invention has " ladder " degree of cross linking, the separating property of film is improved.
2. method of the invention is easy to operate, easy to spread.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is " ladder " degree of cross linking infiltrating and vaporizing membrane infrared spectrogram in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is " ladder " degree of cross linking infiltrating and vaporizing membrane surface water contact angle in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention.
In figure: M4-2-1 be in embodiment 1 from inside to outside three layers of TDI concentration be respectively 0.1w/v%, 0.05w/v%,
The infiltrating and vaporizing membrane of 0.025w/v% preparation；M4-2-0 is that three layers of TDI concentration are respectively 0.1w/ from inside to outside in embodiment 2
The infiltrating and vaporizing membrane of v%, 0.05w/v%, 0w/v% preparation；M4-4-4 is that three layers of TDI concentration are 0.1w/v% from inside to outside
The infiltrating and vaporizing membrane of preparation.
Specific embodiment
Counterdie used is product film.
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
(1) the polyacrylonitrile counterdie after hydrolysis is rinsed with deionized water to neutrality, and removes striping with rotary centrifugal force
The moisture on surface；
(2) aqueous solution for the polyethyleneimine that mass fraction is 0.5wt% is homogeneously applied to the material of step (1) acquisition
The surface of material places 2min, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force, does not have film surface
There is drop；
(3) hexane solution for the 2,4 tolylene diisocyanate that mass fraction is 0.1wt% is homogeneously applied to walk
Suddenly the surface for the material that (2) obtain, places 120s, outwells extra solution, removes extra molten of film surface with rotary centrifugal force
Liquid；
(4) changing the mass fraction of 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate is respectively 0.05wt% and 0.025wt%, in step
(3) step (2) and step (3) are repeated 2 times on the material obtained；
(5) material that step (4) obtain is placed into 5min at 60 DEG C, there is the infiltration evaporation of " ladder " degree of cross linking
Composite membrane.
Osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking is tested, at 80 DEG C, is to mass fraction
The separation factor of the ethanol/water solution of 95wt% is 147.24, permeation flux 1274.04gm-2·h-1。
To compare, according to above-mentioned experimental procedure, keeping the mass fraction of 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate is 0.1wt%
It is constant, it is prepared for the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane with the identical degree of cross linking, it is molten to the ethanol/water that mass fraction is 95wt% at 80 DEG C
The separation factor of liquid is 90.77, permeation flux 1445.11gm-2·h-1.It can be seen that being mentioned since active layer is hydrophilic
The separation factor of height, the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking significantly improves, meanwhile, the resistance to mass tranfer of penetrating fluid increases,
Flux slightly decreases.
Embodiment 2
(1) the polyacrylonitrile counterdie after hydrolysis is rinsed with deionized water to neutrality, and removes striping with rotary centrifugal force
The moisture on surface；
(2) aqueous solution for the diethylenetriamine that mass fraction is 1.5wt% is homogeneously applied to the material of step (1) acquisition
The surface of material places 3min, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force, does not have film surface
There is drop；
(3) hexane solution for the 2,4 tolylene diisocyanate that mass fraction is 1wt% is homogeneously applied to step
(2) surface of the material obtained places 180s, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force；
(4) mass fraction for changing 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate is respectively 0.5wt% and 0, in the material that step (3) obtain
Step (2) and step (3) are repeated 2 times on material；
(5) material that step (4) obtain is placed into 8min at 60 DEG C, there is the infiltration evaporation of " ladder " degree of cross linking
Composite membrane.
Osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking is tested, at 80 DEG C, is to mass fraction
The separation factor of the ethanol/water solution of 95wt% is 177.72, permeation flux 869.83gm-2·h-1。
To compare, according to above-mentioned experimental procedure, keep 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate mass fraction be 1wt% not
Become, (2) step is repeated on it after being prepared for two layers of film with the identical degree of cross linking, finally obtains osmosis vaporizing compound membrane.
At 80 DEG C, the separation factor of ethanol/water solution for being 95wt% to mass fraction is 87.44, permeation flux 996.04g
m-2·h-1.It can be seen that due to the hydrophilic raising of active layer, the separation of the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking because
Son significantly improves, meanwhile, the resistance to mass tranfer of penetrating fluid increases, and hydrophobicity decline is so that flux is slightly dropped in diffusion process
It is low.
Embodiment 3
(1) after rinsing commercial polyether sulfone counterdie with deionized water, and the moisture of film surface is removed with rotary centrifugal force；
(2) aqueous solution for the diethylenetriamine that mass fraction is 1.5wt% is homogeneously applied to the material of step (1) acquisition
The surface of material places 5min, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force, does not have film surface
There is drop；
(3) hexane solution for the 2,4 tolylene diisocyanate that mass fraction is 1wt% is homogeneously applied to step
(2) surface of the material obtained places 180s, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force；
(4) changing the mass fraction of 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate is respectively 0.6wt%, 0.3wt% and 0, in step (3)
Step (2) and step (3) are repeated 3 times on the material of acquisition；
(5) material that step (4) obtain is placed into 8min at 60 DEG C, there is the infiltration evaporation of " ladder " degree of cross linking
Composite membrane.
Osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking is tested, at 80 DEG C, is to mass fraction
The separation factor of the ethanol/water solution of 95wt% is 262.37, permeation flux 975.58gm-2·h-1。
To compare, according to above-mentioned experimental procedure, keep 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate mass fraction be 1wt% not
Become, is prepared for the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane with the identical degree of cross linking.At 80 DEG C, the ethanol/water solution for being 95wt% to mass fraction
Separation factor be 189.91, permeation flux 758.98gm-2·h-1.It can be seen that being mentioned since active layer is hydrophilic
The separation factor of height, the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking significantly improves, meanwhile, hydrophilic raising is so that flux has
Risen.
Embodiment 4
(1) after rinsing commercial Kynoar counterdie with deionized water, and film surface is removed with rotary centrifugal force
Moisture；
(2) aqueous solution for the polyethyleneimine that mass fraction is 1wt% is homogeneously applied to the material of step (1) acquisition
Surface, place 6min, outwell extra solution, remove the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force, there is no film surface
Drop；
(3) hexane solution for the pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride that mass fraction is 0.1wt% step (2) is homogeneously applied to obtain
The surface of the material obtained places 180s, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force；
(4) mass fraction for changing pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride is respectively 0.05wt% and 0.025wt%, is obtained in step (3)
Material on be repeated 2 times step (2) and step (3)；
(5) material that step (4) obtain is placed into 6min at 60 DEG C, there is the infiltration evaporation of " ladder " degree of cross linking
Composite membrane.
Osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking is tested, at 80 DEG C, is to mass fraction
The separation factor of the ethanol/water solution of 95wt% is 161.18, permeation flux 1279.17gm-2·h-1。
To compare, according to above-mentioned experimental procedure, keeping the mass fraction of pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride is that 0.1wt% is constant,
It is prepared for the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane with the identical degree of cross linking.At 80 DEG C, to point for the ethanol/water solution that mass fraction is 95wt%
It is 136.92 from the factor, permeation flux 1219.47gm-2·h-1.It can be seen that due to the hydrophilic raising of active layer, tool
There is the separation factor of the infiltrating and vaporizing membrane of " ladder " degree of cross linking to significantly improve, meanwhile, it is hydrophilic improve so that flux on
It rises.
Embodiment 5
(1) the polyacrylonitrile counterdie after hydrolysis is rinsed with deionized water to neutrality, and removes striping with rotary centrifugal force
The moisture on surface；
(2) aqueous solution of three (2- aminoethyl) amine that mass fraction is 1.5wt% step (1) is homogeneously applied to obtain
Material surface, place 3min, outwell extra solution, remove the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force, make film table
Face does not have drop；
(3) hexane solution for the 2,4 tolylene diisocyanate that mass fraction is 1wt% is homogeneously applied to step
(2) surface of the material obtained places 120s, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface with rotary centrifugal force；
(4) mass fraction for changing 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate is respectively 0.5wt% and 0, in the material that step (3) obtain
Step (2) and step (3) are repeated 2 times on material；
(5) material that step (4) obtain is placed into 5min at 60 DEG C, there is the infiltration evaporation of " ladder " degree of cross linking
Composite membrane.
Osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking is tested, at 80 DEG C, is to mass fraction
The separation factor of the ethanol/water solution of 95wt% is up to 855.41, permeation flux 1284.28gm-2·h-1。
To compare, according to above-mentioned experimental procedure, keep 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate mass fraction be 1wt% not
Become, (2) step is repeated on it after being prepared for two layers of film with the identical degree of cross linking, finally obtains osmosis vaporizing compound membrane.
At 80 DEG C, the separation factor of ethanol/water solution for being 95wt% to mass fraction is 220.26, and permeation flux is
1232.95g·m-2·h-1.It can be seen that due to the hydrophilic raising of active layer, the infiltration evaporation with " ladder " degree of cross linking
The separation factor of film significantly improves, meanwhile, hydrophilic raising is so that flux is risen.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of the osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking, feature include the following steps: (1) by counterdie
With deionized water washing by soaking, and remove the moisture of film surface；(2) counterdie is soaked in the aqueous solution of the amine of certain mass score
Middle certain time takes out, and removes the extra solution of film surface, film surface is made not have drop；Or by the amine of certain mass score
Aqueous solution is homogeneously applied to surface, places certain time, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface, makes film
Surface does not have drop；(3) film that step (2) obtain is soaked in certain time in the cross-linking agent solution of certain mass score, taken
Out, the extra solution of film surface is removed；Or the cross-linking agent solution of certain mass score is homogeneously applied to step (2) acquisition
Film surface places certain time, outwells extra solution, removes the extra solution of film surface；(4) change crosslinking agent type or
The mass fraction for changing crosslinking agent repeats 1-10 step (2) and step (3) on the film that step (3) obtain；(5) by step
(4) material obtained places certain time at a certain temperature, is had the osmosis vaporizing compound membrane of " ladder " degree of cross linking.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step (1) counterdie is polysulfones, polyether sulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride
The counterdies such as the polyacrylonitrile after alkene, polyacrylonitrile or hydrolysis.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step (2) amine is polyethyleneimine, diethylenetriamine, three
(2- aminoethyl) amine, concentration 0.1-5wt%, soaking time 1-30min.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that step (3) crosslinking agent be 2,4- toluene-2,4-diisocyanate or
Pyromellitic trimethylsilyl chloride, concentration 0-2wt%, soaking time 10-600s.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the solvent of step (3) described cross-linking agent solution is n-hexane and ring
At least one of hexane.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the mass fraction of step (4) described cross-linking agent solution is 0-
2wt%.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, standing time is it is characterized in that temperature described in step (5) is 40-100 DEG C
1-20min。
8. the osmosis vaporizing compound membrane with " ladder " degree of cross linking prepared by the method for one of claim 1-5, significantly improves
The separating property of composite membrane.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114284518A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-05 | 复旦大学 | Application of PMSA composite membrane obtained based on interface super-assembly in salt gradient energy conversion |
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