CN109154256B - Fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine and method for operating a fuel supply system - Google Patents

Fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine and method for operating a fuel supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109154256B
CN109154256B CN201780029234.0A CN201780029234A CN109154256B CN 109154256 B CN109154256 B CN 109154256B CN 201780029234 A CN201780029234 A CN 201780029234A CN 109154256 B CN109154256 B CN 109154256B
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Prior art keywords
fuel
pressure
gas
supply system
fuel tank
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CN201780029234.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109154256A (en
Inventor
F·赫尔岑亚克
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/023—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
    • F02D19/024—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/026—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/027—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or volume flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
    • F02M21/0239—Pressure or flow regulators therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D2041/389—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type for injecting directly into the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0323—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid in a closed loop
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0486—Indicating or measuring characterised by the location
    • F17C2250/0491—Parameters measured at or inside the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/022—Mixing fluids identical fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel supply system (100) for a gas-operated internal combustion engine, comprising at least one gas valve (30), a fuel tank (10) for storing a low-temperature fuel (1), a carburetor device (20) connected to the fuel tank (10) by a purging line (16) and used for the fuel (1), and a device (40) for feeding a gaseous phase of the fuel (1) from the fuel tank (10) into the purging line (16), wherein the gas valve can be actuated by a control device (50) for blowing gas at least indirectly into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the amount of gaseous fuel (1) fed by the device (40) depends on the pressure (p) prevailing in the fuel tank.

Description

Fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine and method for operating a fuel supply system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine. The invention further relates to a method for operating a fuel supply system.
Background
Fuel supply systems for gas operation and methods for operating fuel supply systems are known from practice. Such fuel supply systems are particularly useful for operating internal combustion engines using natural gas. Systems are known in which natural gas is stored in a fuel tank in a liquefied state, i.e. in a low-temperature state. Typically, the fuel or natural gas has a temperature below-160 ℃. At said temperature, natural gas is stored in the fuel tank at a pressure of between about 5bar and 16 bar. Furthermore, natural gas typically consists of at least 90% methane and at most 10% other components that are more difficult to volatilize relative to methane, i.e., volatilize at higher temperatures (e.g., ethane, propane, and other components).
The temperature of the fuel in the fuel tank may vary during driving or due to external conditions. This also causes a change in the pressure in the fuel tank. In particular, when the fuel tank is warmed up, a pressure increase of the fuel or natural gas occurs in the fuel tank. However, since the fuel tank is only allowed to operate within a maximum pressure of, for example, 20bar for safety or explosion-proof reasons, it must be ensured that the pressure in the fuel tank does not exceed the above-mentioned critical pressure. For this purpose, in practice, a device is used in the form of a pressure regulating valve, for example, having a spring-loaded valve element which, starting from a certain pressure, opens a passage in the direction of the withdrawal line for the fuel in the direction of the carburetor arrangement. Such devices are also known as so-called "economy-form regulators (Economizer Regulator)". The higher the pressure in the fuel tank, the more gaseous components of the fuel are added or mixed into the liquid phase of the fuel in the purge line via the pressure regulating device. It is important here that the first volatile component of the fuel, namely methane, is located mainly in the gas phase of the fuel, namely above the filling level of the liquid fuel in the fuel tank. This in turn results in methane increasingly mixing into the liquid phase of the fuel as the pressure in the fuel tank increases and then being vaporised before being supplied to the gas valve. However, since methane requires a different stoichiometric ratio (with oxygen or air) for optimal combustion than the liquid components of the fuel, which have more difficult to volatilize components in addition to methane, in practice the gas valve is supplied with gas according to the respective existing pressure in the fuel tank, which gas requires a different stoichiometric ratio for optimal combustion. Since, during operation of the internal combustion engine, not only the power or load requirement should be met, but also an exhaust emission value, which can be monitored or regulated by means of an exhaust gas sensor, is required, it is desirable to know the gas composition supplied to the gas valve in order to be able to achieve an optimized combustion of the gas, i.e. as low as possible exhaust emissions, by corresponding (pre) actuation of the gas valve.
Disclosure of Invention
Starting from the prior art shown, the invention is based on the object of expanding a fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine and a method for operating a fuel supply system in such a way that an optimized operation of the internal combustion engine or of the gas valve is possible. The optimized operation of the internal combustion engine or of the gas valve is understood in particular to be an optimized pre-actuation, for example a defined actuation frequency of the gas valve, in order to optimize the exhaust emission value.
According to the invention, the object is achieved by a fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine and a method for operating a fuel supply system according to the invention.
The invention is based on the idea that the composition of the fuel can be deduced with knowledge of the characteristics of the device for feeding the gaseous phase of the fuel into the extraction line, i.e. starting to open the device from which pressure and at which pressure the device reaches its maximum open position, and knowing the pressure sensed by the pressure sensor that senses the mixing pressure consisting of the liquid phase of the fuel and the gaseous phase of the fuel. From the composition of the fuel, a stoichiometric ratio can again be calculated, at which the fuel or gas is burned optimally in order to achieve the best possible exhaust emission value. The pressure value sensed by the pressure sensor is thus used, for example, to influence the actuation time or the actuation frequency of the gas valve, which is required on the basis of the load demand, with a pre-control value based on the fuel composition.
An advantageous development of the fuel supply system according to the invention for a gas-operated internal combustion engine is also given below.
Particularly preferably, the pressure sensor is arranged immediately before or after a vaporizer device for heating the liquid-phase fuel and thereby vaporizing it. By an advantageous arrangement closer to the carburettor unit and thus also closer to the fuel tank, in particular other effects which may lead to an increase in fuel pressure are minimized or excluded.
A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the fuel is transported from the fuel tank in the direction of the carburetor arrangement only by an overpressure in the fuel tank. Thus, a separate, costly fuel delivery device or fuel pump is not required. Alternatively, it is of course possible to provide a fuel supply device for supplying liquid fuel in the direction of the carburetor device.
Furthermore, it is preferable to use a gas valve arranged in the intake pipe region of the internal combustion engine. However, the invention should in principle also be applicable to such gas valves: wherein each combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is provided with a gas valve which blows directly into the combustion chamber.
Drawings
Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawing. These figures show:
FIG. 1 is a very simplified illustration of a partial region of a fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine, and
fig. 2 shows a characteristic curve of a pressure regulating device arranged in the fuel tank region in the fuel supply system according to fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In fig. 1, a fuel supply system 100 for a gas-operated internal combustion engine is shown in a very simplified manner using a low-temperature fuel 1 in the form of natural gas. The fuel supply system 100 comprises a fuel tank 10 configured for storing fuel 1 at low temperature, i.e. at a temperature typically below-160 ℃. For this purpose, the fuel tank 10 has, for example, in a known manner, a housing 11 which encloses an inner tank 12. The intermediate space 13 between the outer shell 11 and the inner tank 12 is typically evacuated in order to thermally insulate the inner tank 12 or to minimize the heat input from the external surroundings into the inner tank 12 and thus into the fuel 1. Furthermore, as is known, the inner tank 12 is divided by means of a dividing wall 14 or the like in order to be able to achieve pressure equalization in the inner tank 12 at different temperatures. The transport of the fuel 1 takes place from a region 15 of the inner tank 12, in which region the fuel 1 has a filling level 2. Above the filling level 2, the fuel 1 is (completely) present in its gas phase, whereas below the filling level 2, the fuel 1 is (completely) present in the liquid phase.
Below the filling level 2 of the fuel 1, a purging line 16 for the fuel 1 opens into the inner tank 12. Due to the overpressure in the fuel tank 10 (for example between 5bar and 16 bar), the purge line 16 delivers the fuel 1 from the fuel tank 10 to a vaporizer device 20 for heating or vaporizing the deep-frozen or liquid fuel 1. An overpressure valve 21 is connected to the carburetor arrangement 20, which in turn has a connection to a buffer reservoir 22. A shut-off valve 23 is connected to the buffer store 22, which shut-off valve serves to prevent the gaseous fuel 1 from being fed in the direction of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine when the internal combustion engine is not in operation. The supply line 24 leads from the buffer reservoir 23 to a gas valve 30, which is arranged, for example, in the region of the intake manifold 3 of the internal combustion engine and serves to blow in gaseous fuel 1 in the region of the intake manifold 3. When the inlet valve is correspondingly opened, fuel enters from the region of the inlet pipe into a combustion chamber region of the internal combustion engine, which is not shown. The gas valve 30 is actuated by a control device 50, to which other input variables for actuating the gas valve 30, in particular load demands and other parameters, are fed as input values.
Preferably, means 40 for feeding the gaseous phase of the fuel 1 into the extraction line 16 are arranged in the inner tank 12, which act as pressure regulating valves. The device 40 is arranged in the inner tank 12, in particular above the filling level 2, and has a feed line 41 which opens out of the fuel tank 10 into the feed line 16 before the carburetor device 20 in the feed line 16. Furthermore, a pressure sensor 45 is arranged between the feed point 42 of the feed line 14 into the extraction line 16 and the carburetor unit 20, which pressure sensor is used to sense the pressure prevailing in the extraction line 16 and to supply it as an input variable to the control device 50.
Fig. 2 shows a characteristic curve K of the open state Q of the device 40 with respect to the pressure p in the inner tank 12. It can be seen here by way of example that the device 40 is completely closed, i.e. the open position is 0%, until the pressure p in the inner tank 12 reaches 5 bar. This means that until the pressure p reaches 5bar, only the fuel 1 is drawn from the inner tank 12 in liquid form, i.e. below the filling level 2. In contrast, from an exemplary pressure p of 10bar, a maximum open position Q of 100% of the device 40 is reached, from which pressure only the fuel 1 above the filling level 2 is drawn from the inner tank 12. Thus, from a pressure p of 10bar, the gas phase of the final fuel 1 is supplied to the vaporizer unit 20. Conversely, with the characteristic curve K extending linearly, at a pressure p of 7.5bar, 50% of the fuel 1 is supplied to the vaporizer unit 20 below the filling level 2, i.e. in liquid form, while 50% of the fuel 1 is supplied to the vaporizer unit above the filling level 2, i.e. in gaseous state.
The control device 50 has an algorithm or a characteristic map which enables a correlation between the pressure p sensed by the pressure sensor 45 in the extraction line 16 and the composition of the components of the fuel 1. The composition is herein understood to be the percentage composition in terms of the low volatile components and the higher volatile components of the fuel 1. Knowing the composition of the fuel 1 supplied to the carburettor device 20 and thus also to the gas valve 30, the control device 50 calculates a pre-control value V, which is used to adapt the actuation of the gas valve 30. Furthermore, the actual exhaust gas quality or exhaust gas composition is sensed by means of an exhaust gas detector or lambda detector, not shown. If the composition is known at two sensed pressures p of, for example, 5bar and 15bar, the closest pre-control value V can be further optimized or adapted by extrapolation with the pressure in between.
The fuel supply system 100 described herein may be changed or modified in a number of ways without departing from the inventive concept.

Claims (5)

1. A fuel supply system (100) for a gas-operated internal combustion engine, having at least one gas valve (30), a fuel tank (10) for storing a low-temperature fuel (1), a carburetor device (20) which is connected to the fuel tank (10) by a purging line (16) and is used for the fuel (1), and having a device (40) for feeding the gaseous phase of the fuel (1) from the fuel tank (10) into the purging line (16), the gas valve being controllable by a control device (50) for blowing gas at least indirectly into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the amount of gaseous fuel (1) fed by the device (40) is dependent on the pressure (p) prevailing in the fuel tank,
wherein a pressure sensor (45) is provided, which is configured for sensing a pressure (p) of the fuel (1) composed of a liquid phase and a gas phase, and the control device (50) is configured for actuating the at least one gas valve (30) as a function of the pressure (p) sensed by the pressure sensor (45),
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the pressure sensor (45) is arranged in the extraction line (16) after the feed point (42) for feeding the gas phase into the extraction line (16) and/or immediately before the vaporizer device (20).
2. The fuel supply system according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the delivery of the fuel (1) in the direction of the carburetor arrangement (20) is based solely on the pressure (p) of the fuel (1) in the fuel tank (10).
3. The fuel supply system according to claim 1 or 2,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the gas valve (30) is arranged in the region of an intake pipe (3) of the internal combustion engine.
4. The fuel supply system according to claim 1 or 2,
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the device (40) for feeding the gaseous phase of the fuel (1) from the fuel tank (10) into the extraction line (16) is simultaneously configured as an overpressure valve for limiting the pressure (p) in the fuel tank (10).
5. Method for operating a fuel supply system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, depending on the pressure (p) prevailing in a fuel tank (10) for storing a low-temperature fuel (1), a quantity of gaseous fuel (1) is fed into the liquid phase of the fuel (1) by means of a device (40) for feeding the gaseous phase of the fuel (1) from the fuel tank (10) into a purging line (16),
it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the pressure sensor (45) is used to sense the pressure (p) of the fuel (1) composed of liquid phase and gas phase, and the pressure is used as an input value to a control device (50) for controlling at least one gas valve (50), the control device (50) estimates the mixing proportion of the gas phase and the liquid phase of the fuel (1) based on the pressure (p) and generates a pre-control value (V) based on the pre-control value (V), and the at least one gas valve (30) is controlled based on the pre-control value (V).
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PCT/EP2017/056138 WO2017194227A1 (en) 2016-05-12 2017-03-15 Fuel supply system for a gas-operated internal combustion engine and method for operating a fuel supply system

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DE102018203210A1 (en) * 2018-03-05 2019-09-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine
DE102019201177A1 (en) * 2019-01-30 2020-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating a fuel system and control unit
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