CN109151775B - Relay-based D2D communication transmission mode switching method between cells - Google Patents

Relay-based D2D communication transmission mode switching method between cells Download PDF

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CN109151775B
CN109151775B CN201811321139.0A CN201811321139A CN109151775B CN 109151775 B CN109151775 B CN 109151775B CN 201811321139 A CN201811321139 A CN 201811321139A CN 109151775 B CN109151775 B CN 109151775B
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倪艺洋
徐嘉懿
刘娅璇
张楠
付昌鹏
王菻
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Jiangsu Second Normal University (jiangsu Institute Of Educational Science Research)
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04B17/336—Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
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    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point

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Abstract

The invention discloses a relay-based D2D communication transmission mode switching method among cellular cells, wherein a cellular system related to the method is an adjacent cell with intersection, each cell is internally provided with a base station, a cellular user and a D2D user, and a relay user is arranged at the intersection of the cells; the communication transmission modes of the cellular system comprise a traditional D2D communication mode, an AF relay-based D2D communication mode and a DF relay-based D2D communication mode, and the switching method comprises the following steps: and in a plurality of time slots when a pair of D2D users complete one-time communication, acquiring the sending power and link state information of the three communication transmission modes, acquiring a closed expression of the maximum reachable rate of the link, comparing the maximum reachable rates among the modes, selecting the transmission mode which enables the total reachable rate of the cellular system to be the maximum transmission mode, and performing dynamic mode switching. The method of the invention can fully utilize the link information, has strong adaptability and can improve the total reachable rate of the system and the utilization rate of cellular resources.

Description

Relay-based D2D communication transmission mode switching method between cells
Technical Field
The invention relates to a relay-based D2D communication transmission mode switching method among cells, belonging to the technical field of communication.
Background
With the increasingly powerful functions of smart phones and various mobile terminal devices, users have increasingly high requirements on network traffic and network speed. Since cellular communication in 4G communication technology is difficult to meet the demand under the "explosive" growth of mobile communication traffic and user volume, the development of 5G communication technology with the characteristics of high maximum reachable rate, fast transmission rate, low overhead, etc. is increasingly urgent. Device-to-Device (hereinafter referred to as D2D) is a terminal-through, which is an indispensable component in the key technology of 5G communication technology and the development framework of new-generation mobile communication systems, and has raised the research enthusiasm in the field of communication.
By adopting the D2D communication technology, the user terminals within a certain distance can establish a direct communication link without the transfer of the base station, thereby reducing the load of the base station. The communication distance between the D2D users is generally short, and the quality of the transmission channel is high, so that the users can obtain experiences such as low transmission delay, high transmission rate, a large amount of information interaction, and the like, and the endurance time of the mobile device can be effectively increased due to the small power consumption of the users. Since the D2D technology operates in the frequency band of the cellular system, even if the communication distance between D2D users increases, it can be guaranteed that the interference on the communication is small. Because the relay technology is widely applied to the 4G cellular system due to low cost and high flexibility, the relay technology is introduced into the D2D communication system, so that signal interruption during channel fading can be effectively avoided, the transmission reliability is improved, the communication range can be expanded, and the maximum reachable rate of the system is increased.
There is a choice between the conventional cellular communication mode and the D2D communication mode in conventional communication system studies. In order to maximize transmission rate and diversity gain, it is important to select a transmission mode reasonably in the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for switching a D2D communication transmission mode based on relay among cells.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a D2D communication transmission mode switching method based on relaying among cells relates to a cellular system which is an adjacent cell with intersection, each cell is provided with a base station, a cellular user and a D2D user, and a relay user is arranged at the intersection of the cells;
the communication transmission modes of the cellular system comprise a traditional D2D communication mode, an AF relay-based D2D communication mode and a DF relay-based D2D communication mode;
the switching method of the communication transmission mode comprises the following steps: and in a plurality of time slots when a pair of D2D users complete one-time communication, acquiring the sending power and link state information of the three communication transmission modes, acquiring a closed expression of the maximum reachable rate of the link, comparing the maximum reachable rates among the modes, selecting the transmission mode which enables the total reachable rate of the cellular system to be the maximum transmission mode, and performing dynamic mode switching.
Further, the method for switching the communication transmission mode includes:
recording the traditional D2D communication mode as an A mode; the D2D communication mode based on AF relay is marked as B mode; the D2D communication mode based on the DF relay is marked as the C mode;
in a plurality of time slots when a pair of D2D users complete one-time communication, acquiring the transmitting power and link state information of three communication transmission modes, and calculating the received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) of each link;
based on the SINR, adopting a variation formula of a Shannon formula to calculate the maximum achievable rate in three modes;
comparing the maximum reachable rates between the mode A, the mode B and the mode C to respectively obtain the critical points when the modes A, B, B, C and A, C are switched, namely the threshold value YAB、YBCAnd YAC；
Let D be the distance D between the D2D user and the relay userDRComparing said distance dDRAnd a threshold value YAB、YBCAnd YACSelecting the transmission mode which enables the total maximum reachable rate of the cellular system to be maximum as the optimal transmission mode;
further, based on the transmission power attenuation conditions of the base station, the cellular user, the D2D user and the relay user in the three modes, the received signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR of each link is calculated. The calculation method is as follows:
comparing the attenuated D2D user transmitting power and the attenuated relay user transmitting power with actual received useful signal strength, the attenuated base station total transmitting power and the attenuated cellular user total transmitting power and noise with actual received interference signals, and determining the ratio of the actual received useful signal strength to the sum of the actual received interference signal strength and noise as the received signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR of the link;
the total transmission power of the base station after attenuation is the sum of the transmission power of the base station after attenuation of the cell and the adjacent cell; the total transmission power of the cellular users after attenuation is the sum of the transmission power of the cellular users after attenuation of the cell and the adjacent cell.
Further, since communication of a pair of D2D users in C mode needs to go through two time slots and the link states in the two time slots are different, the maximum reachable rate of the link in C mode needs to take the smaller value of the two time slots;
further, the communication process divides the link into a plurality of single links, thereby obtaining a variation of shannon's formula as follows:
Figure GDA0002967070770000021
where C is the channel capacity, B is the channel bandwidth, and R is the capacity of the unit bandwidth, i.e., the maximum achievable rate of the link.
Further, due to the limited total transmission time, the relay transmission needs to complete information interaction of the D2D user once in 4 time slots, and the base station and the cellular user can complete information interaction twice in 4 time slots, so the maximum achievable rate of each link can be collectively expressed as
Figure GDA0002967070770000022
Furthermore, the expression of the maximum reachable rate obtained in the above contents is complex and not easy to calculate, so the method is simplified according to the Jensen inequality E [ log (1+ x) ] less than or equal to log (1+ E [ x ]). The channel coefficients of all links can be approximately equal, all the channel coefficients of the attenuated sending power in the received signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) expression can be ignored, and the maximum achievable rate expression which eliminates irrelevant factors and is convenient to calculate is obtained.
Further, the maximum reachable rates of the A, B mode, the B, C mode and the A, C mode are respectively compared to obtain a critical point when the modes are switched.
Further, the distance D between the D2D user and the relay user is comparedDRAnd a threshold value YAB、YBCAnd YAC，dDR＜YABSelecting the B mode for transmission; if Y isAB＜dDR＜YACSelecting the A mode for transmission; otherwise, the C mode is selected for transmission.
The communication transmission mode of the method comprises a traditional D2D communication mode, a D2D communication mode based on AF relay and a D2D communication mode based on DF relay, and the mode switching is carried out based on the maximum reachable rate of a link; the mode switching mode operation is low in complexity. By comparing the selected parameters to the set thresholds, the optimal transmission mode may be selected for the D2D user to transmit. The threshold is obtained by theoretical solution, and has certain reliability; in addition, the method of the invention can fully utilize the information of the link, can reasonably select according to the dynamic change of the link state, has strong adaptability, and can improve the total reachable rate of the system and the utilization rate of cellular resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the transmission timeslot division and operation steps in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the module switching method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The concept of the present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It is to be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims, and that all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
As shown in fig. 1, a relay-based D2D communication transmission mode switching method between cells includes the following specific steps:
step 101: in transmission slot 1, the D2D user transmits in the current transmission mode;
step 102: at the end of transmission slot 1, the D2D user makes the transmission mode selection. Respectively analyzing the transmission power attenuation conditions in the three communication modes to obtain the attenuated D2D user transmission power PDAttenuated transmission power P of relay userRTotal base station transmit power after attenuation ∑ PBAttenuated total cellular user transmit power ∑ PCAnd noise N0Deducing a receiving signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) expression of each link;
wherein, the attenuated D2D user transmission power PDAnd the attenuated transmission power P of the relay userRAnd noise N0Can be analogized to the actual received interference signal. Therefore, the ratio of the actually received useful signal strength to the actually received sum of the interference signal strength and the noise is the received signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) expression of the link, which is the following formula:
Figure GDA0002967070770000041
the total transmission power of the base station after attenuation is the sum of the transmission power of the base station after attenuation of the cell and the adjacent cell, and the calculation mode is as follows:
Figure GDA0002967070770000042
the total transmission power of the cellular users after attenuation is the sum of the transmission power of the cellular users after attenuation in the cell and the adjacent cell, and the calculation mode is as follows:
Figure GDA0002967070770000043
in the formulaMiddle PBTFor transmitting power, P, to the base stationCTTransmitting power for cellular users, C1、C2Cellular user terminals of the own cell and neighboring cells, respectively, B1、B2Base station terminals of the local cell and the adjacent cell, respectively, 1 and 2 are D2D user terminals, respectivelyij(i,j＝Bk,Ck1,2, R; i ≠ j, k ≠ 1,2) is the distance from terminal i to terminal j, α is the channel fading coefficient (constant), hij(i,j＝Bk,Ck1,2, R; i ≠ j, k ≠ 1,2) is the channel coefficient of the i-j link;
step 103: obtaining maximum reachable rate expressions under three modes by combining a variation formula of a shannon formula according to the received signal to interference plus noise ratio expression obtained in the step 102;
because the communication process divides the link into a plurality of single links, the Shannon formula C is B log2The (1+ SINR) change is:
Figure GDA0002967070770000044
where C is the channel capacity, B is the channel bandwidth, and R is the capacity of the unit bandwidth, i.e., the maximum achievable rate of the link.
Obtaining a maximum reachable rate expression of a unit link under three D2D communication modes; since the total transmission time is limited, relay transmission needs to complete information interaction of the D2D user once in 4 time slots, and the base station and the cellular user can complete information interaction twice in 4 time slots, the maximum reachable rate of each link can be collectively expressed as follows:
Figure GDA0002967070770000045
because the communication of a pair of D2D users in the C mode needs to go through two time slots and the link states in the two time slots are different, the maximum reachable rate of the link in the C mode needs to take the smaller value of the two time slots, and the total transmitting power sigma P of the base station after the attenuation in the step one is usedBAnd the total transmission power of the attenuated cellular user∑PCComparing, and determining the maximum reachable rate expression of the link in the mode C;
and simplifying the maximum reachable rate expression according to a Jensen inequality E [ log (1+ x) ] equal to or less than log (1+ E [ x ]). According to the Jensen inequality, channel coefficients of all links can be approximately equal, all channel coefficients of the attenuated sending power in the received signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) expression can be ignored, and the final maximum reachable rate expression in the three modes after the irrelevant factors are eliminated is obtained;
step 104: to maximize the total maximum achievable rate of the system, the maximum achievable rates of different modes are compared to obtain a critical point of the distance during switching between the modes, i.e. a threshold, and an optimal transmission mode for maximizing the total achievable rate of the cellular system in the next time slot is obtained, as shown in fig. 2.
Since the maximum achievable rate expressions of the three modes are expressed in the form of log-log, the true number, i.e., (1+ SINR), can be directly compared. Comparing the difference between the maximum achievable rates of the two modes to obtain a value related to dDRThe first-order and second-order inequality of (2) is made equal to 0, and a critical point, namely a threshold value, is solved. The maximum achievable rates of the A mode and the B mode are compared in a difference mode to obtain A, B mode switching dDRIs the threshold value YABMode switching points of a-mode and B-mode; the maximum achievable rates of the B mode and the C mode are compared in a difference mode to obtain B, C mode switching dDRIs the threshold value YBCMode switching points of B-mode and C-mode; the maximum achievable rates of the A mode and the C mode are compared in a difference mode to obtain A, C mode switching dDRIs the threshold value YACMode switching points of a-mode and C-mode;
the distance parameter D between the D2D user and the relay userDRComparing with the threshold value calculated in the fourth step, selecting the optimal transmission mode which maximizes the total reachable rate of the cellular system;
if d isDR＜YABSelecting the B mode for transmission; if Y isAB＜dDR＜YACSelecting the A mode for transmission; otherwise, selecting the C modeThe transmission is performed.
Step 105: after the optimal transmission mode of the next transmission time slot is obtained, the user enters the transmission time slot 2, and the D2D user transmits in the optimal transmission mode.

Claims (7)

1. A method for switching transmission modes of D2D communication based on relay among cells is characterized in that: the cellular system related to the method is an adjacent cell with intersection, each cell is provided with a base station, a cellular user and a D2D user, and a relay user is arranged at the intersection of the cells;
the communication transmission modes of the cellular system comprise a traditional D2D communication mode, an AF relay-based D2D communication mode and a DF relay-based D2D communication mode;
the switching method of the communication transmission mode comprises the following steps:
recording the traditional D2D communication mode as an A mode; the D2D communication mode based on AF relay is marked as B mode; the D2D communication mode based on the DF relay is marked as the C mode;
in a plurality of time slots when a pair of D2D users complete one-time communication, acquiring the transmitting power and link state information of three communication transmission modes, and calculating the received signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) of each link;
based on the SINR, adopting a variation formula of a Shannon formula to calculate the maximum achievable rate in three modes; the variation of the shannon formula is obtained by dividing the link into a plurality of single links; the maximum reachable rate is the ratio of the variable of the Shannon formula and the number of the time slots for completing information interaction of the D2D user for one time in relay transmission;
comparing the maximum reachable rates between the mode A, the mode B and the mode C to respectively obtain the critical points when the modes A, B, B, C and A, C are switched, namely the threshold value YAB、YBCAnd YAC；
Let D be the distance D between the D2D user and the relay userDRComparing said distance dDRAnd a threshold value YAB、YBCAnd YACThe transmission mode that maximizes the total maximum achievable rate of the cellular system is selected as the optimal transmission mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the SINR is calculated based on the fading of the transmission power of the BS, the cell user, the D2D user and the relay user in the three modes.
3. The method for switching relay-based D2D communication transmission mode between cells according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the received signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) is calculated by:
acquiring attenuated D2D user transmitting power, attenuated relay user transmitting power, attenuated base station total transmitting power, attenuated cellular user total transmitting power and noise in three communication modes;
comparing the attenuated D2D user transmitting power and the attenuated relay user transmitting power with actual received useful signal strength, the attenuated base station total transmitting power and the attenuated cellular user total transmitting power and noise with actual received interference signals, and determining the ratio of the actual received useful signal strength to the sum of the actual received interference signal strength and noise as the received signal to interference plus noise ratio SINR of the link;
the total transmission power of the base station after attenuation is the sum of the transmission power of the base station after attenuation of the cell and the adjacent cell; the total transmission power of the cellular users after attenuation is the sum of the transmission power of the cellular users after attenuation of the cell and the adjacent cell.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in C mode, the maximum achievable link rate is the smaller of two timeslots.
5. An inter-cell relay based D2D communication transmission mode switching method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: and simplifying the maximum reachable rate expression obtained based on the shannon formula variation according to the Jensen inequality.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the maximum reachable rates of A, B mode, B, C mode and A, C mode are compared to obtain a critical point for switching modes.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the distance D between the D2D users and the relay users is performed by comparing the distances D between the D2D communication transmission modesDRAnd a threshold value YAB、YBCAnd YAC，dDR＜YABSelecting the B mode for transmission; if Y isAB＜dDR＜YACSelecting the A mode for transmission; otherwise, the C mode is selected for transmission.
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