CN109148028B - A smart cable - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intelligent cable, which includes a power cable unit, a temperature measuring optical cable unit and a communication optical cable unit wrapped in the power cable unit, wherein the temperature measuring optical cable unit is evenly distributed on the periphery of the circumference of the communication optical cable unit, and the temperature measuring optical cable unit is wrapped on the periphery of the circumference of the communication optical cable unit by a high flame retardant protective layer and an inner insulating shielding layer in sequence outside the communication optical cable unit, and reinforcements are evenly distributed on the periphery of the inner insulating shielding layer, and the power cable unit includes a wrapping tape protective layer and a plurality of cable core conductors wrapped by the wrapping tape protective layer, and a silicone rubber insulating layer and an outer insulating shielding layer wrapped on the outside of each cable core conductor in sequence. The intelligent cable of the present invention improves the strain force of the temperature measuring optical cable unit and the communication optical cable unit, ensures that the optical fiber transmission performance is not affected, realizes real-time intelligent online monitoring of the cable load operation, ensures that power supply, communication, and online monitoring are carried out simultaneously, and has a simple structure and low cost.

Description

A smart cable

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of power cables, and in particular relates to an intelligent cable.

Background technique

Power cable is a cable used to transmit and distribute electric energy. It is commonly used in urban underground power grids, lead-out lines of power stations, internal power supply of industrial and mining enterprises, and underwater power transmission cables over mountains, rivers, and seas. When subjected to ice and snow or strong winds, the existing cables have poor ability to resist external forces, which brings a huge cost burden to the transmission of power cables and affects the normal transmission of electric energy. With the development and advancement of smart grid construction, the intelligent construction of smart grids, such as automated control of distribution networks, remote collection of power transmission information, online detection of cable operation conditions, and two-way interaction between power grids and power users, requires the development of power information communication in a high-speed, reliable, and safe direction. For this reason, power cables should have a composite intelligent cable that combines communication optical fiber and power cable, so that power supply lines and information communication network lines can be laid simultaneously, and power supply, communication, and online monitoring can be carried out simultaneously to achieve the goal of one cable for multiple uses. At present, there are no professional manufacturers in China that produce composite intelligent cables; the traditional production process is backward, the structural design is unreasonable, the laying area is large, the production cost is high, and the yield is low; coupled with the increasing requirements for high flame retardancy and environmental protection of cables in recent years, many manufacturers are unable to design and produce intelligent and environmentally friendly medium-voltage power cable products that meet the technical requirements due to existing technologies.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent cable to solve the above problems. The intelligent cable of the present invention improves the strain of the temperature measurement optical cable unit and the communication optical cable unit, ensures that the optical fiber transmission performance is not affected, realizes real-time intelligent online monitoring of the cable load operation, ensures that power supply, communication, and online monitoring are carried out simultaneously, and has a simple structure and low cost. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The present invention provides an intelligent cable, the intelligent cable comprising a power cable unit, a temperature measuring optical cable unit and a communication optical cable unit wrapped in the power cable unit, the temperature measuring optical cable unit being evenly distributed on the periphery of the circumference of the communication optical cable unit, and the temperature measuring optical cable unit being wrapped on the periphery of the circumference of the communication optical cable unit by a high flame retardant protective layer and an inner insulating shielding layer in sequence outside the communication optical cable unit, reinforcements being evenly distributed on the periphery of the inner insulating shielding layer, the power cable unit comprising a wrapping tape protective layer and a plurality of cable core conductors wrapped by the wrapping tape protective layer and a plurality of cable core conductors wrapped in sequence outside each cable core conductor The silicone rubber insulation layer and the outer insulation shielding layer, each cable core conductor is separated by a reinforcement piece and then evenly distributed on the periphery of the insulation shielding layer, the insulation protection layer formed by the silicone rubber insulation layer and the insulation shielding layer and the shielding layer formed by the high flame retardant protection layer and the inner insulation shielding layer are arranged in a manner of two intersecting circles, and the shielding layer formed by the high flame retardant protection layer and the inner insulation shielding layer are mutually embedded in the insulation protection layer formed by the silicone rubber insulation layer and the insulation shielding layer, pass between the outer insulation shielding layer outside each cable core conductor, and the gap formed between the wrapping tape protection layer and the inner insulation shielding layer is filled with a filling layer.

Preferably, the power cable unit further comprises a fireproof insulation layer and an outer sheath layer, and the fireproof insulation layer and the outer sheath layer are sequentially covered outwardly by the outer insulating shielding layer to form a whole.

The above scheme is further preferred, that the number of the cable core conductors is three, the number of the reinforcement members is three, and the three cable core conductors and the three reinforcement members are respectively distributed at 120° between the wrapping tape protective layer and the inner insulating shielding layer.

The above scheme is further preferred that a through hole along the axial direction is provided on the surface edge of the reinforcement, and the cross-section of the reinforcement is in the form of a smooth surface, an undulating surface or a corrugated surface.

The above scheme is further preferred that the temperature measuring optical cable unit is arranged between the insulating protective layer formed by the silicone rubber insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer and the shielding layer formed by the high flame retardant protective layer and the inner insulating shielding layer and is in an arc-shaped body where two circles intersect.

The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the wrapping tape protective layer is a spiral armor layer of galvanized or copper-plated tape, and the outer sheath layer is a halogen-free, low-smoke, highly flame-retardant polyolefin outer sheath layer.

The above scheme is further preferred, wherein the highly flame-retardant protective layer is a fire-retardant mud layer or a flame-retardant layer made of glass fiber tape, and the filling layer is made of nano-ceramic fire-proof and fire-resistant silicone rubber.

The above scheme is further preferred that the communication optical cable unit includes at least one multimode optical fiber and two grating optical fibers, the number of the temperature measuring optical cable units is three, and each temperature measuring optical cable unit includes at least one temperature measuring sensing optical fiber.

The above scheme is further preferred that the temperature sensing optical fiber is arranged in the high flame retardant protective layer and the inner insulating shielding layer and in the insulating protective layer formed by the silicone rubber insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer, and is longitudinally extended in a sinusoidal wave manner.

In summary, since the present invention adopts the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) The present invention adopts a multi-layer continuous co-extrusion (two layers or more than three layers) method to extrude a high-quality intelligent cable. The extrusion temperature adopts a temperature of 85°C to 140°C and a melt blending extrusion of 250°C to 290°C to ensure the excellent insulation, mechanical properties, power transmission performance and communication performance of the cable. The inner and outer insulating shielding layers can not only effectively prevent the occurrence of leakage, but also improve the electromagnetic interference between the inside and outside of the cable. The flame retardant protection improves the flame retardant performance and safety and reliability of the temperature measuring optical fiber; and reduces the electromagnetic interference of external or internal factors on the temperature measuring optical fiber and the communication optical fiber, and makes the radial electric field uniformly distributed; ensuring the efficient and stable transmission of the temperature measuring optical fiber and the communication optical fiber, and reducing distortion.

(2) The positions and layouts of the power cable unit, the temperature measuring optical cable unit, the communication optical cable unit and the reinforcement members in the intelligent cable of the present invention are reasonably arranged, which reduces the overall outer diameter of the cable, enhances the compactness of the cable and saves materials. It can reduce the external loss of the communication optical fiber, improve the strain of the temperature measuring optical cable unit and the communication optical cable unit, ensure that the optical fiber transmission performance is not affected, realize real-time intelligent online monitoring of the cable load operation status, and ensure that power supply, communication and online monitoring are carried out simultaneously.

(3) The power cable of the present invention can ensure that the cable is not damaged under high-temperature flame ablation conditions. In the present invention, the fire resistance performance test requirements meet the high-temperature fire-retardant cable in accordance with the standard GB/T19216.21-2003. It can not only play a good flame retardant effect to isolate the flame, but also ensure the smooth flow of electricity and communication in the event of a fire. If there is abnormal heat concentration, it will be transmitted to the remote optical detection device through the temperature measuring optical fiber or the communication optical fiber, so that the condition of the abnormal point can be quickly understood and timely processed, which can effectively extend the cable life and reduce the failure rate of the power transmission line.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent online monitoring power cable of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embedded layout of the temperature sensing optical fiber of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring circuit of an online monitoring device of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an online monitoring principle of a power cable according to the present invention;

In the accompanying drawings, 1-power cable unit, 2-temperature measuring optical cable unit, 3-communication optical cable unit, 4-reinforcement member, 20-high flame retardant protective layer, 21-inner insulating shielding layer, 100-cable core conductor, 101-silicone rubber insulating layer, 102-outer insulating shielding layer, 103-filling layer, 104-fireproof insulating layer, 105-fireproof insulating layer, 106-outer sheath layer, 200-arc body 200, 201-temperature measuring sensing optical fiber.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for the purpose of enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the invention, and these aspects of the present invention can be realized even without these specific details.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, according to an intelligent cable of the present invention, the intelligent cable includes a power cable unit 1 and a temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 and a communication optical cable unit 3 wrapped in the power cable unit 1, the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 is evenly distributed on the periphery of the communication optical cable unit 3, and the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 is wrapped on the periphery of the communication optical cable unit 3 in sequence through a high flame retardant protective layer 20 and an inner insulating shielding layer 21 outside the communication optical cable unit 3, and reinforcement members 4 are evenly distributed on the periphery of the inner insulating shielding layer 21, the power cable unit 1 includes a wrapping tape protective layer 104 and a plurality of cable core conductors 100 wrapped by the wrapping tape protective layer 104, and a silicone rubber insulating layer 101 and an outer insulating shielding layer 102 wrapped on the outside of each cable core conductor 100 in sequence, and each cable core conductor 100 is separated by reinforcement members 4 and evenly distributed on the periphery of the insulating shielding layer 21. In the present invention, the power cable unit 1 also includes a fireproof insulation layer 105 and an outer sheath layer 106. The fireproof insulation layer 104 and the outer sheath layer 106 are sequentially wrapped outwardly by the outer insulating shielding layer 102 to form a whole. The wrapped tape protective layer 104 is a spiral armor layer wrapped with galvanized or copper-plated tape, and can also be woven with galvanized tape or copper-plated tape. Its weaving density is not less than 80%, which greatly increases the mechanical strength of the cable to prevent damage to the cable from radial or longitudinal external forces, and can also indirectly reduce the external or internal electromagnetic interference to the cable, ensuring the efficient and stable transmission of the temperature measurement optical fiber and the communication optical fiber, and reducing distortion. The outer sheath layer 106 is a halogen-free, low-smoke, highly flame-retardant polyolefin outer sheath layer, which is made of cross-linked polyolefin insulation material, has a good insulation effect, can effectively ensure that the power cable has halogen-free, low-smoke, flame-retardant properties, and also effectively improves the heat dissipation effect of the power cable. The insulating protective layer formed by the silicone rubber insulating layer 101 and the insulating shielding layer 102 and the shielding layer formed by the high flame retardant protective layer 20 and the inner insulating shielding layer 21 are arranged in a manner of two intersecting circles, and the shielding layer formed by the high flame retardant protective layer 20 and the inner insulating shielding layer 21 are mutually embedded in the insulating protective layer formed by the silicone rubber insulating layer 101 and the insulating shielding layer 102, and the silicone rubber insulating layer 101 and the outer insulating shielding layer 102 outside each cable core conductor 100 are sequentially co-extruded in the high flame retardant protective layer 20 and the inner insulating shielding layer 21 to form a mutually mixed and staggered The insulating shielding body is filled with a filling layer 103 in the gap formed between the wrapping tape protective layer 104 and the inner insulating shielding layer 21. The high flame retardant protective layer 20 is a fireproof mud layer or a flame retardant layer made of glass fiber tape. The present invention uses glass fiber tape as a high flame retardant protective layer 20 with high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light weight and other excellent properties, tensile strength greater than 25MPa, bending strength greater than 98MPa, permanent deformation rate less than 1.8%, and also has good insulation and anti-aging properties, and has a long life cycle. The filling layer 103 is made of nano-ceramic fireproof and fire-resistant silicone rubber. The nano-ceramic fireproof and fire-resistant silicone rubber has the basic characteristics of silicone rubber at room temperature, such as odorless, high and low temperature resistance, aging resistance and good processing performance. Under high temperature flame ablation conditions, a hard ceramic protective layer is formed to ensure that the cable is not damaged. It can not only play a good flame retardant effect to isolate the flame, but also ensure the smooth flow of electricity and communication in the event of a fire.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 , the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 is arranged between the insulating protective layer formed by the silicone rubber insulating layer 101 and the insulating shielding layer 102 and the shielding layer formed by the high flame retardant protective layer 20 and the inner insulating shielding layer 21, forming an arc-shaped body 200 (arc-shaped insulating shielding body) in which two circles intersect. The temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 is arranged between the insulating protective layer formed by the silicone rubber insulating layer 101 and the insulating shielding layer 102 and the shielding layer formed by the high flame retardant protective layer 20 and the inner insulating shielding layer 21, and the arc-shaped body 200 (or the arc-shaped insulating shielding body formed by mixing and co-extruding in an interlaced manner) is arranged in a manner of two circles intersecting. Then, the filling layer 103 is used to fill and coat the gap formed outside the power cable unit 1 and the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2. The filling layer 103 can isolate and protect the power cable unit 1 from the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 and the communication optical cable unit 3. Since the filling layer 103 is made of nano-ceramic fire-proof and fire-resistant silicone rubber, and the nano-ceramic fire-proof and fire-resistant silicone rubber forms a hard ceramic protective layer under high-temperature flame ablation conditions, it ensures that the cable is not damaged. It can not only have a good flame retardant effect to isolate the flame, but also can ensure that the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 and the communication optical cable unit 3 can perform normal communication and temperature detection in the event of a fire. The communication optical cable unit 3 includes at least one multimode optical fiber and two grating optical fibers. The number of the temperature measuring optical cable units 2 is three, and each temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 includes at least one temperature measuring sensing optical fiber 201. The temperature measuring sensing optical fiber 201 is arranged between the high flame retardant protective layer 20 and the inner insulating shielding layer 21 and the insulating protective layer formed by the silicone rubber insulating layer 101 and the insulating shielding layer 102 (the arc-shaped body 200 is the arc-shaped insulating shielding body), and is longitudinally extended in a sinusoidal manner, as shown in Figure 2. Not only the contact area of the temperature measuring sensing optical fiber 200 for detection is increased and the toughness of the temperature measuring sensing optical fiber 201 in the arc-shaped body 200 is increased, but also the operating temperature of the power cable unit 1 under the influence of the environment can be better detected.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , the number of the cable core conductors 100 is three, the number of the reinforcement members 4 is three, the thickness of the silicone rubber insulation layer 101 is not more than 2.5 mm, the thickness of the outer insulation shielding layer 102 is not more than 1 mm, the cable core conductor 100 is formed by twisting a plurality of tinned soft copper wire conductors, the diameter of the tinned soft copper wire conductor is 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm, the intelligent cable conductor of the present invention meets the requirements of Class 5 soft conductors of GB/T3956, and the tinned soft copper wire meets the GB/T4910-2009 standard; the three cable core conductors 100 and the three reinforcement members 4 are respectively distributed at 120° between the wrapping tape protective layer 104 and the inner insulation shielding layer 21 , so that the power cable unit 1 (including three cable core conductors 100), the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 and the communication optical cable unit 3 are evenly arranged from the outside to the inside to form a 120° geometric space, the communication optical cable unit 3 is located at the geometric center, and the reinforcement member 4 is located outside the communication optical cable unit 3 and supports it between the inner insulating shielding layer 21 and the wrapping tape protective layer 104; the three cable core conductors 100 and their outer coating layers are arranged in the form of two intersecting circles with the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 and the communication optical cable unit 3 coated in the inner insulating shielding layer 21, and the centers of the circles of each cable core conductor 100 and the corresponding temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 and the communication optical cable unit 3 are on the same straight line, thereby ensuring that the temperature measuring optical cable unit 2 can better perform temperature detection. In order to meet the requirements of power intelligence, the present invention adopts the structural design of multi-core intelligent cable, which is composed of multiple cable cores mixed and tightly packed. By connecting relevant optoelectronic equipment, the temperature change of the cable can be measured, and the cables with abnormal temperature changes or abnormal positions of the outgoing lines can be maintained and rectified in advance to avoid serious accidents such as large-scale power outages caused by cable problems. The cable has special intelligent functions such as temperature detection, stress enhancement and optical fiber communication. In the present invention, as shown in FIG3, a through hole 40 is provided along the axial direction at the surface edge of the reinforcement 4. When the high flame retardant protective layer 20 is extruded or co-extruded, the fire-retardant mud layer or the flame-retardant layer made of glass fiber tape penetrates from one side of the reinforcement 4 to the other side through the through hole 40, so that the filling layer 103 firmly extrude and coats the reinforcement 4 between the communication optical cable unit 3 and the wrapping tape protective layer 104, and the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcement 4 is a smooth surface. In the present invention, as shown in FIG4, the reinforcement 4 can also be set to an undulating surface or a corrugated surface, and the high flame retardant protective layer 20 and the filling layer 103 and other layers increase the contact area with the reinforcement 4 when co-extruded, thereby increasing the toughness and strength of the reinforcement 4 and the entire intelligent cable. The reinforcement 4 material is formed by one or more steel wires and nano-ceramic fire-resistant silicone rubber melt extruded at a high temperature of 260°C to 280°C to form a long strip or long sheet.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A smart cable, characterized in that: the intelligent cable comprises a power cable unit, a temperature measuring optical cable unit and a communication optical cable unit, wherein the temperature measuring optical cable unit and the communication optical cable unit are coated in the power cable unit, the temperature measuring optical cable unit is uniformly distributed on the periphery of the communication optical cable unit, the temperature measuring optical cable unit is coated on the periphery of the communication optical cable unit through a high flame-retardant protection layer and an inner insulation shielding layer sequentially outside the communication optical cable unit, reinforcing pieces are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the inner insulation shielding layer, the power cable unit comprises a wrapping tape protection layer, a plurality of cable core conductors coated by the wrapping tape protection layer, a silicon rubber insulation layer and an outer insulation shielding layer sequentially coated outside each cable core conductor, the silicon rubber insulation layer and the outer insulation shielding layer are sequentially coated on the wrapping tape protection layer, the silicon rubber insulation layer and the outer insulation shielding layer are sequentially coated on the outer insulation shielding layer, the silicon rubber insulation shielding layer and the inner insulation shielding layer are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the insulation shielding layer after being separated by the reinforcing pieces, the silicon rubber insulation layer and the insulation shielding layer form an insulation protection layer, the insulation protection layer and the high flame-retardant protection layer and the inner insulation shielding layer form a shielding layer which are arranged in a two-round intersecting mode, the shielding layers formed by the high flame-retardant protection layer and the inner insulation shielding layer are mutually embedded in the insulation protection layer formed by the silicon rubber insulation protection layer and the insulation protection layer, the silicon rubber insulation layer and the outer insulation shielding layer which is formed by the insulation protection layer, the silicon rubber insulation layer and the insulation shielding layer is sequentially filled in the insulation protection layer, the insulation protection layer and the insulation protection layer formed by the insulation protection layer, the silicon rubber insulation layer and the insulation layer is formed by the insulation protection layer, and the insulation layer

The number of the cable core conductors is three, the number of the reinforcing pieces is three, and the three cable core conductors and the three reinforcing pieces are respectively distributed between the wrapping belt protective layer and the inner insulation shielding layer at 120 degrees; through holes along the axial direction are formed in the surface edges of the reinforcing piece, and the reinforcing piece is formed by melting and extruding one or more steel wires and nano ceramic fireproof and refractory silicon rubber at a high temperature of 260-280 ℃ to form a strip shape or a long sheet shape;

the communication optical cable unit at least comprises one multimode optical fiber and two grating optical fibers, the number of the temperature measuring optical cable units is three, each temperature measuring optical cable unit at least comprises one temperature measuring sensing optical fiber, and the temperature measuring sensing optical fibers are arranged in a high flame retardant protective layer, an inner insulating shielding layer and an insulating protective layer formed by a silicon rubber insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer and longitudinally extend in a sine wave mode.

2. A smart cable according to claim 1, wherein: the power cable unit further comprises a fireproof insulating layer and an outer sheath layer, and the fireproof insulating layer and the outer sheath layer are sequentially coated outwards by the outer insulating shielding layer to form an integral.

3. A smart cable according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the reinforcement member has a smooth surface, a concave-convex undulating surface or a corrugated curved surface.

4. A smart cable according to claim 2, wherein: the wrapping belt protective layer is a galvanized or copper-plated belt spiral armor layer, and the outer sheath layer is a halogen-free low-smoke high-flame-retardance polyolefin outer sheath layer.

5. A smart cable according to claim 1, wherein: the high flame-retardant protective layer is a fireproof mud layer or a flame-retardant layer made of glass fiber tapes, and the filling layer is made of nano ceramic fireproof and refractory silicone rubber.