CN109145475B - Method for determining tensile breaking strength of satin cotton fabric - Google Patents
Method for determining tensile breaking strength of satin cotton fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN109145475B CN109145475B CN201811011977.8A CN201811011977A CN109145475B CN 109145475 B CN109145475 B CN 109145475B CN 201811011977 A CN201811011977 A CN 201811011977A CN 109145475 B CN109145475 B CN 109145475B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining tensile breaking strength of satin cotton fabric, which aims to solve the problem of how to not damage the fabricThe tensile breaking strength of the fabric is measured with little or no damage to the fabric. The following physical parameter, warp yarn arrangement density P, of the fabric was measured j Weft radius r 1 Warp radius r 2 The friction coefficient mu between the warp and weft yarns, the breaking strength Z of a single warp yarn and the angle delta enclosed by the warp yarn on the surface of the weft yarn, and then substituting the parameters into the following formula,
obtaining the tensile breaking strength P of the satin cotton fabric, wherein K is the number of the fabrics. Compared with the prior art, the method can measure the tensile breaking strength of the fabric under the condition of not damaging the fabric or slightly damaging the fabric, omits a large amount of complicated test processes and arrangement of test data, and has high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textile physical property measurement, in particular to a method for determining tensile breaking strength of satin cotton fabric.
Background
With the increasing economic level of China, china enters a comprehensive development period, and people pursue higher quality for the material level. Therefore, people have higher requirements on wearing, decoration and home environment, and especially satin cotton fabric plays an extremely important role in the life of people. Therefore, a wide variety of textiles have come into play, but aesthetically pleasing textiles require more comprehensive quality requirements, such as: durability, drape, breathability, comfort, etc., and the physical-mechanical properties of the weave are a prerequisite for these properties. Therefore, it is very important to study the tensile properties of the fabric, and the tensile breaking strength index is an important evaluation index. However, in the current textile production detection research, the expected strong textile can be achieved only through a large number of experiments for destroying the textile, which is a huge project that is extremely time-consuming, labor-consuming and expensive, and brings great inconvenience to the links of research and development, production and the like of high-quality textile products.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, the invention aims to provide a method for measuring the tensile breaking strength of satin cotton fabric, so as to solve the problem of how to rapidly and accurately measure the tensile breaking strength of the fabric under the condition of not damaging or slightly damaging the fabric.
The breaking process of the fabric can be described as follows: firstly, the yarns in the tension direction, namely the warp direction, can be gradually straightened under the tension action, so that the fabric is in a tight state. The fabric begins to slide fibers in the yarns in the stretching process, not all yarns in the fabric simultaneously slide, but the yarns are not uniform due to the spinning process, so that the strength of the yarns is not uniform, but the difference is not too large. The fabric breaks at some point but during the break the fabric does not break uniformly as an internally uniform material, and it has been found through extensive experimental study analysis that when in the standard experimental situation the break in the fabric should appear to break from a point along which the stress is spread to adjacent yarns, i.e. following a local distribution law.
In the mechanical model of the fabric geometric structure, yarns at the interweaving points of the warps and the wefts are bilaterally symmetrical relative to the Y axis, so that the right-side warp yarn section is taken for convenient analysis and research. The force analysis of the warp and weft interlacing points is shown in figure 1, and the yarn section is subjected to tension T, T + dT, shearing force Q, Q + dQ, bending moment M, M + dM and friction force F f ds and the weft-to-warp holding power Nds, where F f And N is the friction and support force to which the yarn per unit length is subjected.
By force and moment balancing, the total yarn tension can be expressed as follows:
in the formula: t is a unit of 0 Is the breaking strength of the warp yarn r 1 Is the weft radius, r 2 Is the radius of warp yarn, mu is the friction coefficient between warp and weft yarns, theta is the radian of the end position of yarn section, theta m Is the half of the wrap angle of the warp yarn on the weft yarn surface.
The pulling force of the warp yarn at different positions is shown in figure 2, and can be seen from the formula (1)
At which point the tension exerted on the warp threads is at a minimum, i.e. is/are at>
The yarn section at the warp and weft interlacing point will break first, and the breaking force is the breaking strength of the yarn. That is to say: in the process of stretching and breaking, the minimum pulling force is applied to the joint of the warp and the weft, namely the middle point of the weft surrounded by the warp, the maximum pulling force is applied to the warp yarn tangent to the weft, when the fabric is broken, the section of the yarn tangent to the weft at the interweaving point is subjected to the maximum pulling force and is broken firstly, and the breaking force is the breaking strength of the yarn; the yarn at the non-interlacing point is subjected to a small pulling force due to the friction force of the interlacing point, so that the pulling force of the yarn is required to be larger than that of the warp yarn to break the yarn.
Based on the basic research findings and the fracture mechanism, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose of the invention:
a method for determining tensile breaking strength of satin cotton fabric is designed, and comprises the following steps:
collecting data, and determining warp arrangement density P of the fabric to be measured j (root/10 cm) and weft yarn radius r 1 (mm), warp radius r 2 (mm), coefficient of friction between warp and weft yarns mu, breaking strength Z (cN) of single warp yarn and angle delta (rad), theta of wrap of warp yarn on weft yarn surface m ＝δ/2；
Substituting the data measured in the previous step into formula (2) to obtain the tensile breaking strength P (cN) corresponding to the fabric;
in formula (2), K is the number of webs, i.e., the number of yarns R in one repeat of the web.
In the data acquisition step, the friction coefficient mu between the warp yarns and the weft yarns and the breaking strength Z of a single warp yarn are measured by the conventional method in the field.
Preferably, in the step of acquiring data, the method further comprises the steps of acquiring the linear density, the bulk density and the weft arrangement density of the yarns of the fabric, and substituting the corresponding physical quantities into formula (3):
in formula (3), N tj Is the linear density (tex), N, of the warp tw Is the linear density (tex) of the weft yarn, p j Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the warp 3 )，ρ w Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the weft 3 )，P w The weft yarn arrangement density (root/10 cm) of the fabric; and calculating to obtain the wrap angle delta (rad) of the corresponding warp yarns of the fabric on the surface of the weft yarns.
The tensile breaking strength measuring method is particularly suitable for satin cotton fabrics with five-second-flight structures, five-third-flight structures or seven-third-flight structures. Wherein, the flying number is the number of weft yarns or warp yarns separated between single weave points on two adjacent warp yarns or weft yarns. Since the reverse of the R S-fly warp side satins is the R S-fly weft side satins, the measured satins do not distinguish between warp and weft side satins.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
after the wrap angle delta (rad) of the warp corresponding to the fabric on the surface of the weft is obtained, the physical parameters of the fabric are measured under the condition that the fabric is not damaged or is damaged less, the tensile breaking strength P (cN) of the fabric can be predicted, compared with the prior art, a large number of complicated test processes and test data arrangement are omitted, the efficiency is high, time and labor are saved, the detection cost is low, and the implementation is easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of force analysis of warp and weft interlacing points during stretch breaking of a fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a drawing force on the warp yarns at various locations during the stretch breaking process of the fabric in an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the wrap angle of the stretch breaking process of a fabric in an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a graph of theoretical strength versus actual strength for the stretch breaking process of a fabric in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
According to the structural characteristics of the woven fabric and for the purpose of convenient analysis, the structural characteristics of the woven fabric are assumed as follows:
1. the fabric did not have any physical damage and elongation before the experiment.
2. The critical length of the fabric within the nip is assumed to be consistent during the stretch breaking process of the fabric.
3. In the process of tensile fracture of the fabric, the cross section of the yarn of the tension system is in a round shape, and the cross section of the yarn of the non-tension system is also in a round shape.
The methods for measuring or determining the physical parameters mentioned in the following examples are all conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1: in the fabric, one warp and two weft are selected and the arrangement density P of the warp is measured according to a conventional method respectively j Warp radius r 2 Breaking strength Z of single warp yarn; determination of the weft Density P w And radius r 1 Acquiring a friction coefficient mu (an inclined plane method) between the warp and weft yarns and a complete wrap angle delta of the warp yarns on the surface of the weft yarns; in order to make the data collected have smaller error, a plurality of warp yarns and weft yarns can be collected and the average value of the corresponding parameters can be obtained, wherein theta m And (= delta/2), the tensile breaking strength of the five second-plane fabrics is as follows:
wherein P is tensile breaking strength (cN) of the fabric, P j Is the warp yarn arrangement density (root/10 cm), Z is the breaking strength (cN) of a single warp yarn, mu is the coefficient of friction between warp and weft yarns, r 1 Is the warp radius (mm), r 2 Is the weft yarn radius (mm), theta m Is the warp yarn enveloping half of the angle delta (rad), theta, on the weft yarn surface m ＝δ/2。
Theta in calculation formula (4) m The method (2) is as follows:
θ m ＝δ/2 (6)
in formula (5), N tj Is the linear density (tex), N, of the warp tw Is the linear density (te x), p, of the weft j Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the warp 3 )，ρ w Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the weft 3 )，P w The weft yarn arrangement density (root/10 cm) of the fabric; calculating the theta (theta) by the formula (6) after the wrap angle delta (rad) of the warp yarn corresponding to the fabric on the surface of the weft yarn is obtained by the formula (5) m 。
Example 2: in the fabric, one warp and two weft are selected and the arrangement density P of the warp is measured according to a conventional method respectively j Radius of warp yarn r 2 Breaking strength Z of single warp yarn; determination of the weft Density P w And radius r 1 Acquiring a friction coefficient mu (an inclined plane method) between the warp and weft yarns and a complete wrap angle delta of the warp yarns on the surface of the weft yarns; in order to make the data collected have smaller error, a plurality of warp yarns and weft yarns can be collected and the average value of the corresponding parameters can be obtained, wherein theta m = delta/2, tensile breaking strength of five flying fabricsThe force is:
wherein P is tensile breaking strength (cN) of the fabric, P j Is the warp yarn arrangement density (root/10 cm), Z is the breaking strength (cN) of a single warp yarn, mu is the coefficient of friction between warp and weft yarns, r 1 Is the warp radius (mm), r 2 Is the weft yarn radius (mm), θ m For the warp yarns to enclose half the angle delta (rad), theta, on the weft yarn surface m ＝δ/2。
Theta in calculation formula (7) m The method of (2) is as follows:
θ m ＝δ/2 (9)
in formula (8), N tj Is the linear density (tex), N, of the warp tw Is the linear density (te x), ρ, of the weft j Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the warp 3 )，ρ w Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the weft 3 )，P w The weft yarn arrangement density (root/10 cm) of the fabric; calculating the wrap angle delta (rad) of the corresponding warp yarn of the fabric on the surface of the weft yarn by the formula (8), and calculating theta by the formula (9) m 。
Example 3: a method for measuring the tensile breaking strength of seven satin cotton fabrics with three-fly structure includes such steps as choosing one warp yarn and two weft yarns, and conventionally measuring the arrangement density P of warp yarns j Warp radius r 2 The breaking strength Z of a single warp yarn; determination of the weft Density P w And radius r 1 Acquiring a friction coefficient mu (inclined plane method) between the warp and weft yarns and a total wrap angle delta of the warp yarns on the surface of the weft yarns, and acquiring a plurality of warp yarns and weft yarns and acquiring an average value of corresponding parameters in order to reduce an error of acquired data, wherein theta m And (4) δ/2, the tensile breaking strength of the seven three-fly fabrics is as follows:
wherein P is tensile breaking strength (cN) of the fabric, P j Is the warp yarn arrangement density (root/10 cm), Z is the breaking strength (cN) of a single warp yarn, mu is the friction coefficient between warp and weft yarns, r 1 Is the warp radius (mm), r 2 Is the weft yarn radius (mm), theta m For the warp yarns to enclose half the angle delta (rad), theta, on the weft yarn surface m ＝δ/2。
Theta in calculation formula (10) m The method of (2) is as follows:
θ m ＝δ/2 (12)
in formula (11), N tj Is the linear density (tex), N, of the warp tw Is the linear density (tex), ρ, of the weft j Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the warp 3 )，ρ w Is the bulk density (g/cm) of the weft 3 )，P w The weft yarn arrangement density (root/10 cm) of the fabric; calculating the wrap angle delta (rad) of the corresponding warp yarn of the fabric on the surface of the weft yarn by the formula (11), and calculating theta by the formula (12) m 。
Experimental example: the tensile breaking test is carried out on different satin fabrics, the test method adopts a strip sample method, the test is carried out on an Instron strength tester, the average value is taken as the test result, as shown in Table 1, wherein the theoretical strength refers to the measurement result of the invention, and the actual strength is the actual test result of a control experiment (GB/T3923.1-2013 part 1 of tensile property of textile fabrics, namely the strip sample method for measuring breaking strength and breaking elongation).
TABLE 1 Fabric parameters and Strength Table
Then, the correlation analysis was performed by SPSS. Whether the two are related or not is finally expressed by Pearson correlation through calculating the mean value, the standard deviation, the standard error of the mean value and the like. The results of the correlation analysis are shown in tables 2 and 3:
TABLE 2 descriptive statistics
TABLE 3 correlation
As can be derived from the above table, the Pearson correlation value is 0.991, and the theoretical and actual strengths are significantly correlated at the 0.01 level (both sides).
The paired sample T test results are shown in tables 4 and 5:
TABLE 4 paired sample statistics
TABLE 5 paired sample correlation coefficients
And fitting a curve to the result. The dependent variable is the theoretical strength and the independent variable is the actual strength. From table 6, it can be seen that the larger the R-square, the higher the degree of fit.
TABLE 6 model summary and parameter estimation
As can be seen from the SPSS fitting correlation image shown in FIG. 4, the theoretical strength is basically consistent with the actual strength, and the fluctuation amplitude is very small, so that the success and reliability of the tensile fracture strength model obtained by using a mechanical model method are proved.
Claims (3)
1. A method for measuring tensile breaking strength of a satin cotton fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting the following data of the fabric to be measured, the warp arrangement density P j Weft radius r 1 Radius of warp yarn r 2 The friction coefficient mu between the warp and weft yarns, the breaking strength Z of a single warp yarn and the angle delta enclosed by the warp yarn on the surface of the weft yarn, and theta m = delta/2;
substituting the data measured in the previous step into formula (1) to obtain tensile breaking strength P corresponding to the fabric;
in the formula (1), K is the number of the fabrics to be measured.
2. The method for determining the tensile break strength of a satin cotton fabric according to claim 1, wherein the angle δ the warp yarns enclose on the weft yarn surface is obtained by:
acquiring and obtaining the linear density N of the warp yarns of the fabric to be detected tj Linear density of weft yarn N tw Bulk density of warp yarn ρ j Bulk density of weft yarn ρ w And weft yarn arrangement density P w And substituting the corresponding physical quantity into formula (2):
3. the method for determining the tensile breaking strength of a satin cotton fabric according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the satin cotton fabric has a five-second-flight structure, a five-third-flight structure or a seven-third-flight structure.
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