CN109145340A - Calculate the method and computer readable storage medium of shale anisotropic parameters - Google Patents
Calculate the method and computer readable storage medium of shale anisotropic parameters Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods and computer readable storage medium for calculating shale anisotropic parameters.This method comprises: obtaining the 3-D image of shale core；According to the stratification direction in 3-D image, the angle parameter θ of coring direction and stratification is measured；Shale anisotropic parameters are calculated using the angle parameter θ.The method provided by the invention for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, improves anisotropic parameters calculation formula, solves influence of the coring angular deviation to anisotropic parameters calculated result, improve the counting accuracy of anisotropic parameters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of seismic exploration, more particularly, to a kind of method for calculating shale anisotropic parameters and
Computer readable storage medium.
Background technique
Shale is a kind of typical anisotropic medium, and anisotropy reaches as high as 70%.Generally shale is regarded as
TI medium is studied, then wave can be indicated in propagation wherein with five independent elastic constants, i.e. C11、C13、C33、
C44、C66。
5 above-mentioned elastic constants can be calculated by measurement P- and S-wave velocity using dynamic measurement method, i.e., it is elastic
Constant and P- and S-wave velocity meet following relationship:
Thomson (Thomsen) proposes a kind of expression way of convenient elastic constant, and this expression way uses
The longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity propagated along symmetrical axis direction, and 3 other constants:
Wherein, γ describes shear wave anisotropy and birefringence, and ε indicates quasi-longitudinal wave anisotropy, and δ determines quasi- vertical
Involve the complexity of quasi- SV wave wave surface shape.These parameters are referred to as Thomsen anisotropic parameters, also be used to retouch
Give an account of the anisotropic degree of matter.
It can be seen that, shale Thomsen anisotropic parameters are calculated from above-mentioned formula, need to measure in laboratory flat
Row stratification, vertical stratification and with stratification at the P- and S-wave velocity in 45 degree of angles, three directions.But since shale is with biggish
Brittleness, it is easily broken in location of the coring procedure, so being difficult to get degree angular direction of the sample for complying fully with measurement request, especially 45
Sample, coring angle are difficult to comply fully with requirement, when deviation occurs in sampling angle, are calculated using Thomsen formula
Anisotropic parameters, the especially error of parameter δ can quite big (such as table 1).
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a kind of method for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, it is each can accurately to calculate shale
Anisotropy parameter.
The information for being disclosed in background of invention part is merely intended to deepen the reason to general background technique of the invention
Solution, and it is known to those skilled in the art existing to be not construed as recognizing or imply that the information is constituted in any form
Technology.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of methods and computer readable storage medium for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, can
Angle parameter θ is sought by correction formula and using 3-D image, realization accurately calculates shale anisotropic parameters.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of method for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, this method comprises: obtain
Obtain the 3-D image of shale core；According to the stratification direction in 3-D image, the angle parameter of coring direction and stratification is measured
θ；And shale anisotropic parameters are calculated using the angle parameter θ.
According to another aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer journey
Sequence, which is characterized in that performed the steps of when described program is executed by processor
Step 1: obtaining the 3-D image of shale core；
Step 2: according to the stratification direction in 3-D image, measuring the angle parameter θ of coring direction and stratification；
Step 3: calculating shale anisotropic parameters using the angle parameter θ.
The method provided by the invention for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, improves anisotropic parameters calculation formula, solves
Influence of coring of the having determined angular deviation to anisotropic parameters calculated result, improves the counting accuracy of anisotropic parameters.
Methods and apparatus of the present invention has other characteristics and advantages, these characteristics and advantages are attached from what is be incorporated herein
It will be apparent in figure and subsequent specific embodiment, or will be in the attached drawing and subsequent specific implementation being incorporated herein
It is stated in detail in example, these the drawings and specific embodiments are used together to explain specific principle of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Exemplary embodiment of the present is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, of the invention is above-mentioned and other
Purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein in exemplary embodiments of the present invention, identical reference label is usual
Represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the step of method according to the present invention for calculating shale anisotropic parameters.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b respectively illustrate the two-dimensional ct sectioning image of shale core according to an embodiment of the invention
And 3-D image.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the preferred embodiment of the present invention in attached drawing,
However, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the present invention and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.On the contrary, providing
These embodiments are of the invention more thorough and complete in order to make, and can will fully convey the scope of the invention to ability
The technical staff in domain.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the step of method according to the present invention for calculating shale anisotropic parameters.
In this embodiment, the method according to the present invention for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, this method comprises: step
101, obtain the 3-D image of shale core；Step 102, according to the stratification direction in 3-D image, measure coring direction with
The angle parameter θ of stratification；And step 103 calculates shale anisotropic parameters using the angle parameter θ.
The embodiment seeks angle parameter θ by correction formula and using 3-D image, realization accurately calculate shale respectively to
Anisotropic parameter.
The following detailed description of the specific steps of the method according to the present invention for calculating shale anisotropic parameters.
Step 101, the 3-D image of shale core is obtained.
Industry CT is the abbreviation of industrial computer tomography technology, it can under the conditions of not damaged to detection object,
It is clear, accurate, careful, multi-level, intuitively show object to be detected in the form of two-dimensional ct image or three-dimensional image
Internal structure, composition, material and defective eigenpairs are known as current best non-destructive testing technology.
In one example, the 3-D image passes through two to the coring direction and stratification shale core into θ angle
Victoria C T slice map is overlapped combination, obtains the 3-D image in the coring direction Yu stratification shale core into θ angle.
In one example, the stack combinations pass through VG Studio software realization.
Specifically, being scanned first using Phoenix V tomex type X-ray scanners to shale core available more
The two-dimensional ct slice map in Zhang Suoshu coring direction and stratification shale core into θ angle；It then will be two-dimentional by VG Studio software
CT slice map carries out processing and stack combinations, obtains the 3-D image in the coring direction Yu stratification shale core into θ angle.
Specifically, the two dimensional image that CT scan is obtained imports VG Studio software, image reconstruction button is clicked, in bullet
Suitable filtering parameter is set in dialog box out, clicks start button, software is automatically performed reconstruct.
Step 102, according to the stratification direction in 3-D image, the angle parameter θ of coring direction and stratification is measured.
Pass through researching and analysing it is found that the angle in coring direction and stratification is 45 degree of angles for the texture feature to shale core
Shale core 3-D image in, can clearly differentiate the bed plane of up to dozens of, these bed planes are by different mines
Object component, which deposits, to be formed.Therefore, we can based on the texture feature of the 3-D image of shale core, measure coring direction with
The angle parameter θ of stratification.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b respectively illustrate the two-dimensional ct sectioning image of shale core according to an embodiment of the invention
And 3-D image.
As shown in Figure 2 a and 2 b, on CT image, coring direction and stratification shale rock into θ angle can clearly be seen
The bedding architecture of core, and then the angle of coring direction and stratification can be accurately measured based on the texture feature in 3-D image
Parameter θ.
Preferably, it is according to the method that texture feature measures angle parameter θ, using in VG Studio software
Positive North and South direction is defined as a line of angle in fig. 2 a by angle measurement tool, and the extending direction with certain stratification is another
A line can read the accurate included angle of coring direction and stratification.
Step 103 calculates shale anisotropic parameters using the angle parameter θ.
In one example, shale anisotropic parameters are calculated using the angle parameter θ to join including the use of the angle
Number θ calculates the 5th elastic constant by formula (1):
Wherein, formula (1) is correction formula, C13For the 5th elastic constant, C44For the 4th elastic constant, C11For the first bullet
Property constant, C33For the second elastic constant, ρ is the density of the shale core, VpθIt is into θ angle for the coring direction and stratification
The velocity of longitudinal wave of shale core, D are to solve intermediate quantity.
Got a haircut the feature educated based on shale middle layer, introduce the angle that angle parameter theta represents coring direction and stratification, by it is each to
It is related to the elastic parameter C of the shale core at 45 degree of angles in Anisotropic parameter calculation formula13Calculation formula be revised as formula (1),
By accurate measurement angle θ, and then realize accurate calculating anisotropic parameters.
In one example, calculating shale anisotropic parameters using the angle parameter θ further includes following steps:
By shale elastic constant calculation formula, calculate the first elastic constant, the second elastic constant, third elastic constant and
4th elastic constant；
Often based on first elastic constant, second elastic constant, the third elastic constant, the 4th elasticity
Several and the 5th elastic constant calculates anisotropic parameters by thomson elastic constant formula.
In one example, the shale elastic constant calculation formula includes:
Wherein, C11For first elastic constant, C33For second elastic constant, C66For the third elastic constant,
C44For the 4th elastic constant, Vp11For the velocity of longitudinal wave of the shale core of coring direction vertical stratification, Vp33It is described
The velocity of longitudinal wave of the shale core of coring direction parallel bedding, Vs66For the cross of the shale core of coring direction vertical stratification
Wave velocity, Vs44For the shear wave velocity of the shale core of coring direction parallel bedding, ρ is the density of the shale core.
In one example, the thomson elastic constant formula includes:
Wherein, ε, γ, δ are the thomson anisotropic parameters, C11For first elastic constant, C33It is described
Two elastic constants, C66For the third elastic constant, C44For the 4th elastic constant, C13For the 5th elastic constant.
The available more accurate anisotropic parameters of the method provided through the invention, by accurately calculating shale
Anisotropic parameters lay the foundation to establish shale petrophysical model, so that the elastic parameter based on physical model development is just
It is more accurate to drill simulation.
Using example
(1) 3-D image of shale core is obtained；
Shale core is scanned using Phoenix V tomex type X-ray scanners first, tests the shale of use
Core is the cylindrical body shale core of diameter 5cm, and the scanning resolution actually reached is 50 μm.Every piece of shale core can get
The two-dimensional ct slice map of 1060 980 × 1005 pixels；Then two-dimensional ct slice map is handled by VG Studio software
And stack combinations, obtain the three-dimensional drawing image of shale core, i.e., the described coring direction and the three of stratification shale core into θ angle
Tie up image.
(2) according to the stratification direction in 3-D image, the angle parameter θ of coring direction and stratification is measured；
Stratification development characteristics based on shale core measure angle parameter θ according to the stratification direction in 3-D image.
(3) shale anisotropic parameters are calculated using the angle parameter θ.
Based on the angle parameter θ that measurement obtains, the formula (1), the shale elastic constant calculation formula and institute
Thomson elastic constant formula is stated, shale anisotropic parameters are calculated.
In table 1, the anisotropic parameters that 5 pieces of shale cores use formula (1) to be calculated are given.
Table 1
| Shale core | ε | γ | δ | θ |
| S1 | 0.076 | 0.079 | 0.216 | 44.8 |
| S2 | 0.167 | 0.158 | 0.243 | 47.8 |
| S3 | 0.116 | 0.140 | 0.221 | 43.6 |
| S4 | 0.194 | 0.206 | 0.272 | 41.3 |
| S5 | 0.079 | 0.111 | 0.288 | 46.2 |
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above to the purpose of the description of the embodiment of the present invention only for illustratively saying
The beneficial effect of bright the embodiment of the present invention is not intended to limit embodiments of the invention to given any example.
Embodiment 2
According to an embodiment of the invention, providing a kind of computer readable storage medium, it is stored thereon with computer program,
It is performed the steps of when described program is executed by processor
Step 1: obtaining the 3-D image of shale core；
Step 2: according to the stratification direction in 3-D image, measuring the angle parameter θ of coring direction and stratification；
Step 3: calculating shale anisotropic parameters using the angle parameter θ.
In one example, shale anisotropic parameters are calculated using the angle parameter θ to join including the use of the angle
Number θ calculates the 5th elastic constant by correction formula:
Wherein, C13For the 5th elastic constant, C44For the 4th elastic constant, C11For the first elastic constant, C33For the second elasticity
Constant, ρ are the density of the shale core, VpθFor the velocity of longitudinal wave in the coring direction and stratification shale core into θ angle, D
To solve intermediate quantity.
In one example, the 3-D image passes through two to the coring direction and stratification shale core into θ angle
Victoria C T slice map is overlapped combination, obtains the 3-D image in the coring direction Yu stratification shale core into θ angle.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above to the purpose of the description of the embodiment of the present invention only for illustratively saying
The beneficial effect of bright the embodiment of the present invention is not intended to limit embodiments of the invention to given any example.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes are obvious for the those of ordinary skill in art field.The selection of term used herein, purport
In the principle, practical application or improvement to the technology in market for best explaining each embodiment, or make the art
Other those of ordinary skill can understand each embodiment disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
Obtain the 3-D image of shale core；
According to the stratification direction in 3-D image, the angle parameter θ of coring direction and stratification is measured；
Shale anisotropic parameters are calculated using the angle parameter θ.
2. the method according to claim 1 for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, wherein utilize the angle parameter θ meter
It calculates shale anisotropic parameters and the 5th elastic constant is calculated by formula (1) including the use of the angle parameter θ:
Wherein, formula (1) is correction formula, C13For the 5th elastic constant, C44For the 4th elastic constant, C11Often for the first elasticity
Number, C33For the second elastic constant, ρ is the density of the shale core, VpθFor the coring direction and stratification shale into θ angle
The velocity of longitudinal wave of core, D are to solve intermediate quantity.
3. the method according to claim 2 for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, wherein utilize the angle parameter θ meter
Calculating shale anisotropic parameters further includes following steps:
By shale elastic constant calculation formula, the first elastic constant, the second elastic constant, third elastic constant and the 4th are calculated
Elastic constant；
Based on first elastic constant, second elastic constant, the third elastic constant, the 4th elastic constant and
5th elastic constant calculates anisotropic parameters by thomson elastic constant formula.
4. the method according to claim 1 for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, wherein the 3-D image passes through to institute
The two-dimensional ct slice map for stating the coring direction shale core into θ angle with stratification, which is overlapped, to be combined, obtain the coring direction with
The 3-D image of stratification shale core into θ angle.
5. the method according to claim 4 for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, wherein the stack combinations pass through VG
Studio software realization.
6. the method according to claim 3 for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, wherein the shale elastic constant calculates
Formula includes:
Wherein, C11For first elastic constant, C33For second elastic constant, C66For the third elastic constant, C44For
4th elastic constant, Vp11For the velocity of longitudinal wave of the shale core of coring direction vertical stratification, Vp33For the coring
The velocity of longitudinal wave of the shale core of direction parallel bedding, Vs66For the shear wave speed of the shale core of coring direction vertical stratification
Degree, Vs44For the shear wave velocity of the shale core of coring direction parallel bedding, ρ is the density of the shale core.
7. the method according to claim 3 for calculating shale anisotropic parameters, wherein the thomson elastic constant is public
Formula includes:
Wherein, ε, γ, δ are the thomson anisotropic parameters, C11For first elastic constant, C33For second elasticity
Constant, C66For the third elastic constant, C44For the 4th elastic constant, C13For the 5th elastic constant.
8. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program, which is characterized in that described program is by processor
It is performed the steps of when execution
Step 1: obtaining the 3-D image of shale core；
Step 2: according to the stratification direction in 3-D image, measuring the angle parameter θ of coring direction and stratification；
Step 3: calculating shale anisotropic parameters using the angle parameter θ.
9. computer readable storage medium according to claim 8, wherein it is each to calculate shale using the angle parameter θ
Anisotropy parameter calculates the 5th elastic constant by correction formula including the use of the angle parameter θ:
Wherein, C13For the 5th elastic constant, C44For the 4th elastic constant, C11For the first elastic constant, C33Often for the second elasticity
Number, ρ are the density of the shale core, VpθFor the velocity of longitudinal wave in the coring direction and stratification shale core into θ angle, D is
Solve intermediate quantity.
10. computer readable storage medium according to claim 8, wherein the 3-D image passes through to the coring
The two-dimensional ct slice map of the direction shale core into θ angle with stratification, which is overlapped, to be combined, and obtains the coring direction and stratification into θ
The 3-D image of the shale core at angle.
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