CN109143859A - A kind of adaptive consistency control method based on nonlinear object feedback system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The adaptive consistency control method based on nonlinear object feedback system that the present invention relates to a kind of, for the nonlinear system that unknown parameters and control gain are unknown, a kind of adaptive consistency adjusting controller based on novel Nussbaum gain and backstepping method is designed;Firstly, since system is any Relative order system, introduces filter and system is converted;Secondly, one Nussbaum gain of design, handles unknown control gain;Again, the property based on Nussbaum gain, adaptive consistency adjusting controller when design Relative order is 1;Finally, designing adaptive consistency adjusting controller when Relative order is greater than 1 in conjunction with backstepping method and filter;This method can be applied to the tracking of the Attitude Tracking and Aeronautics and Astronautics and underwater robot of aircraft for reference signal and the vehicle of the mass-spring-damper device system with nonlinear spring and the formation control of the robot with flexible joint.
Description
Technical field
The adaptive consistency control method based on nonlinear object feedback system that the present invention relates to a kind of, can be applied to fly
The Attitude Tracking and Aeronautics and Astronautics and underwater robot of row device are for the tracking of reference signal and with nonlinear spring
Mass-spring-damper device system vehicle and the robot with flexible joint formation control.
Background technique
For spring mass-damping system as the most common mechanical vibrating system, the application in real production and living is ten
Divide widely, the buffer of autonomous vehicle is exactly very typical spring mass-damping system application.Spring mass-damping
In system, the force analysis of previous mass block first has to pass through stress since adjacent latter mass block force analysis
It analyzes and according to differential equation of motion listed by Newton's second law, and establishes the mathematical model come out and studied with this method
System be characterized in it is almost the same.
The formation control problem of autonomous vehicle causes the concern of researcher as hot issue.But due to severe
Climatic factor, the problems such as unknown environmental factor, can the formation problem to autonomous vehicle cause the challenge of very severe, if
The influence for not considering these factors when designing controller frequently can lead to the performance decline of system, or even unstable.However
These uncertain factors are difficult to carry out Analysis on Mechanism and Accurate Model again.
In order to which to environmental factor, the uncertain factors such as climatic factor and unknown control gain are studied, both domestic and external
Many scholars have carried out a large amount of research.First against uncertain factor, domestic and foreign scholars propose a series of solution party
Method, for example, uncertain factor keeps bounded rather than converges to zero in distributing self-adaptation control method;Application parameter estimation
Method estimates uncertain factor, then carries out corresponding control design case;Some scholars devise based on disturbance compensation
Control strategy.It can be used under the premise of guaranteeing the estimation of control gain far from zero for unknown control gain problemIn the case where there is unknown gain in systems, controller design is carried out;Known to the symbol of unknown control gain
Under the premise of, the design of controller can be carried out using the method for the sign function of unknown control gain when designing controller;
Nussbaum gain can be used to solve some System Stabilizations with uncertain control coefrficient, and select suitably
Nussbaum gain.
It is found by retrieval, follows the research of formation control many about Autonomous Vehicle navigator in the prior art, there has also been
Certain research achievement, but do not account under the influence of the uncertain factors such as weather, environment mostly, the sensor of vehicle
Information transmission will receive certain restrictions.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, unknown for unknown parameters and control gain
Nonlinear object feedback system, devise a kind of adaptive consistent with backstepping method based on Nussbaum gain
Property control method, solve unknown parameters and control the adaptive consistency control of the unknown non-linear multi-agent system of gain
Problem improves the control precision and adaptivity of system.
A kind of technical solution of the invention are as follows: nonlinear object feedback unknown based on unknown parameters and control gain
The adaptive consistency control method of system, it is characterised in that the following steps are included: firstly, since the Relative order of system is unknown,
Design filter;Secondly, one Nussbaum gain of design carries out self adaptive control to unknown gain;Again, Relative order is designed
Adaptive consistency adjusting controller when being 1;Finally, being greater than in conjunction with backstepping method and filter design Relative order
Adaptive consistency adjusting controller when 1,
Specific step is as follows:
The first step establishes the state-space model of system
The state space side of N+1 subsystem of the nonlinear object feedback system with unknown parameter and unknown gain
Journey is as follows:
Wherein,For the state vector of system, niIt indicates subsystem order, is known
Normal integer, yi,ui∈ R is the output variable and control input of system respectively,It is unknown non-thread
Property function,It is unknown parameter vector, if bi,ρThe Relative order of ≠ 0 system is ρ.
It is as follows to define output tracking error:
ei=yi-y0, i=1, N
Wherein, y0For root node state and as pilotage people, the information exchange relationship between subsystem is by one by side ε
The digraph G constituted with node ν is indicated, and digraph G has directed spanning tree of the cluster with subsystem 0 for root node, section
Point ν indicates that subsystem, each edge ε indicate an information connection.It will be by the element a of expression connection relationshipijThe adjacency matrix A of composition
It is associated with figure, if there is from subsystem i to the path of subsystem j, then aij=1, otherwise aij=0.Define Laplce's square
Battle array L, whereinAnd as i ≠ j, lij=-aij。
Nonlinear function φ (yi) meeting condition, following inequality is set up:
Wherein, γφFor unknown positive real number, p is known positive integer.
The Laplacian Matrix of grid connection can be blocked into:
Convenient for being designed later, definition consistency tracking error is as follows:
And the form that can be expressed as vector is ζ=Qe.
Wherein, qij=lij, Q=[qij]∈RN×N,L0c=[l0j]∈R1×N, i, j=1 ..., N, e ∈ RNIt is by element ei
The vector of composition, ζ ∈ RNIt is by element ζiThe vector of composition.
Since ζ=Qe meets, then following inequality sets up any positive integer p
Wherein, σ (Q) indicates the singular value of Q.
Second step designs filter
Due to the Relative order ρ of system be it is unknown, design following filter as Relative order ρ > 1:
Wherein, λj> 0, j=1, ρ -1 is the parameter of design, and introduces auxiliary variable
WhereinAndFurther system equation is converted to
Wherein,And di,1=bi,ρ.Introduce auxiliary variable
Wherein,It indicates by the 2nd row to n-thiRow constituted vector or matrix
System model can be re-expressed as:
Wherein, coefficient matrix
Auxiliary variable
Auxiliary variable
Enable auxiliary variable errorAuxiliary variable error can be obtainedTracking error ei
Dynamic are as follows:
Wherein, auxiliary variableAuxiliary variable
Third step designs novel Nussbaum gain
Since the control gain of system is unknown, the boundedness of function when designed for proving that gain is unknown
Nussbaum gain is as follows:
Wherein,For designed Nussbaum gain,Meet Property.
If meetingWherein, r (t) is one
A bounded function, V (t) are a positive definite integral form, kiIt is a continuous function and ki(0)=0.Utilize above-mentioned Nussbaum gain
The available function V (t) of property and kiBoundedness.
4th step designs adaptive consistency adjusting controller when Relative order ρ=1
Adaptive consistency adjusting controller when Relative order ρ=1 is as follows:
Wherein,Nussbaum gainFor what is designed in step (3), γ is
The normal number of one design.For the ease of the simplicity expression of controller
Design the adaptive law of unknown parameter are as follows:
Wherein, ζiConsistency tracking error between intelligent body, c1>=2 be the normal number of design.
5th step designs adaptive consistency adjusting controller when Relative order ρ > 1
Adaptive consistency adjusting controller when Relative order ρ > 1 is as follows:
Wherein, the adaptive rate of unknown parameter is as follows:
Wherein, ξi,ρ-1For based on filter and backstepping method design ρ -1 step in controller,It is
Unknown control gain bi,ρEstimated value, evaluated errorAnd filtering errorFor the normal number of design.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
(1) the nonlinear object feedback system unknown with control gain based on unknown parameters of the invention is adaptive consistent
Property control method is the controller obtained based on Nussbaum gain and backstepping method, its main feature is that it is non-linear not
Know that function design adaptive parameter control is restrained and design continuous item is offset in the controller;For controlling, gain is unknown to be asked
Topic calms to system using Nussbaum gain;Since the Relative order of system is unknown, in conjunction with backstepping method and
Controller of the filter design when the Relative order of system is greater than 1, solves the adaptive consistency control problem in system, again
Improve the control precision and adaptivity of system.
(2) present invention has comprehensively considered the influence of uncertain factor and unknown control gain, by Nussbaum gain method
Backstepping method is merged, and good by the system tracking effect that this method controls.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is adaptive the one of the nonlinear object feedback system unknown based on unknown parameters and control gain of the invention
The design flow diagram of cause property control method;
Fig. 2 is the topological network of the present invention in specific implementation.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention relates to a kind of adaptive consistency control method based on nonlinear object feedback system,
For unknown parameters and the unknown nonlinear system of control gain, design it is a kind of based on novel Nussbaum gain and
The adaptive consistency adjusting controller of backstepping method;Firstly, since system is any Relative order system, filter is introduced
Wave device converts system;Secondly, one Nussbaum gain of design, handles unknown control gain;Again, it is based on
The property of Nussbaum gain, adaptive consistency adjusting controller when design Relative order is 1;Finally, in conjunction with
Backstepping method and filter design Relative order are greater than adaptive consistency adjusting controller when 1;This method can answer
Attitude Tracking and Aeronautics and Astronautics and underwater robot for aircraft is for the tracking of reference signal and with non-thread
Property spring mass-spring-damper device system vehicle and the robot with flexible joint formation control, this method solve
The adaptive consistency control problem of unknown parameters and the unknown nonlinear systems of control gain, can handle the rank of subsystem
The identical multi-agent system of the not identical but Relative order of number, has a wide range of application, improves the control precision and adaptivity of system.
As shown in Figure 1, carry out the specific implementation of illustration method by taking the control of autonomous driving automobile as an example, specific reality of the invention
It is existing that steps are as follows:
1, the state-space model of system is established
The buffer system model of autonomous driving automobile describes are as follows:
Wherein,
xi=(xi,1,xi,2), i=0,1,2,3,4 is the state vector of system, and the autonomous driving automobile of i=0 is as navigator
Person, yi,ui∈ R is the output variable and control input of system, y respectivelyiIt indicates the displacement of Autonomous Vehicle, and enables u0=0.μ,bi,2
It is unknown positive real number, because of bi,2≠ 0, so the Relative order of system is 2.miFor the quality of vehicle, κiFor the coefficient of elasticity of spring,
ai> 0 is the viscous friction coefficient of buffer.
Adjacency matrix are as follows:
Then, it is as follows to define output tracking error:
ei=yi-y0, i=1,4
Wherein, y0For root node 0 state and as pilotage people, the information exchange relationship between subsystem is by one by side
The digraph G that ε and node ν are constituted is indicated, and digraph G has directed spanning tree of the cluster with subsystem 0 for root node, such as
Shown in Fig. 2, pilotage people 0 is by status information y0It is transferred to follower 1, follower 1 will need the status information followed to pass through communication
Topology connection is transferred to other follower.
Nonlinear function φ (yi) meeting condition, following inequality is set up:
Wherein, γφFor unknown positive real number, p is known positive integer.
The Laplacian Matrix of grid connection can be blocked into:
Convenient for being designed later, definition consistency tracking error is as follows:
And the form that can be expressed as vector is ζ=Qe.
Wherein, qij=lij, Q=[qij]∈RN×N,L0c=[l0j]∈R1×N, i, j=1 ..., N, e ∈ RNIt is by element ei
The vector of composition, ζ ∈ RNIt is by element ζiThe vector of composition.
Since ζ=Qe meets, then following inequality sets up any positive integer p:
Wherein, σ (Q) indicates the singular value of Q.
2, the filter of design controller is convenient in design
Since the Relative order of the buffer system of autonomous driving automobile is 2, for the ease of the controller of designing system, design
Following filter:
Wherein, λ1> 0 is the parameter of design, and introduces auxiliary variable:
WhereinAnd
Further system equation is converted to:
Wherein,And di,1=bi,2.Introduce auxiliary variable
Wherein,It indicates by the 2nd row to n-thiRow constituted vector or matrix.
System model can be re-expressed as:
Wherein,
The auxiliary variable error is enabled to beAuxiliary variable error can be obtainedTracking error
eiDynamic are as follows:
Wherein, auxiliary variableAuxiliary variable
3, novel Nussbaum gain is designed
Due to the control gain of the buffer system of autonomous driving automobile be it is unknown, design handle unknown gain as follows
Nussbaum gain:
Wherein,For designed Nussbaum gain,Meet Property.
If the liapunov function of design meets
Utilize the available function V (t) of property of above-mentioned Nussbaum gain and kiBoundedness, and from which further follow that tracking error exists
In 0 contiguous range.
4, adaptive consistency adjusting controller when design Relative order is 1
Since the Relative order of the buffer system of the autonomous driving automobile considered here is 2, the controller of system cannot be straight
It connects design to obtain, the controller for needing first to design when system Relative order is 1 is as follows:
Wherein, the variable of Nussbaum gainNussbaum gainFor in step (3)
Middle design, γ are the normal numbers of a design, for the ease of the simplicity expression of controller
Design the adaptive law of unknown parameter are as follows:
Wherein, ζiConsistency tracking error between intelligent body, c1>=2 be the normal number of design.
Consider the liapunov function about tracking error e:
Wherein, the error of unknown parameterQ is the matrix of known intersubsystem communication connection.
Consider the liapunov function about auxiliary variable z:
Wherein, Pi,zFor the positive definite matrix of design, meet condition
Design total liapunov function:
V=Ve+βVz
Wherein, the parameter beta of design meets
The adaptive law of the controller of design and parameter, which is substituted into total liapunov function, to be obtained:
It can be obtained according to the property of Nussbaum gain function when Relative order is 1, the controller of design can make system
Tracking error is in 0 contiguous range.
5, adaptive consistency adjusting controller when Relative order ρ > 1 is designed
For the buffer system of autonomous driving automobile, controller when according to Relative order being 1, when carrying out Relative order ρ=2
The first step for designing controller is as follows:
Wherein,Variable for the Virtual Controller designed in backstepping method, in Nussbaum gainEasy expression for the ease of the Virtual Controller designed in the first step
According to Nussbaum gain and above-mentioned formula, the dynamic of available tracking error:
Wherein,For the error of auxiliary variable,It is unknown control gain bi,2Estimated value, adaptive law is below
It indicates, the error of unknown control gainAnd filtering error
For the normal number of design.
Then it in second step, is obtained according to filter
Wherein,For aboutFunction, thenTo seek partial differential to each variable.
It can obtain,
It is as follows that design obtains final controller:
Wherein, uiIt is inputted for the control of i-th of subsystem, in the Virtual Controller of second step designSince Relative order is 2 at this time,It is obtained according to the filter of designDynamic be
The adaptive law of unknown parameter is θ i=ζ i2+ ζ i2p in system, and the adaptive law of unknown control gain is
Consider the liapunov function about tracking error e:
Wherein,It is the error of unknown parameter in system,For filtering error.
Consider the liapunov function about auxiliary variable z:
Wherein, Pi,zFor the positive definite matrix of design, meet condition
Design total liapunov function:
V=Ve+βVz
Wherein, factor beta meets
The adaptive law of the controller of design and parameter, which is substituted into total liapunov function, to be obtained:
It can be obtained in more autonomous driving automotive systems according to the property of Nussbaum gain function, the controller of design can
Make the tracking error for pilotage people of system in 0 contiguous range, can realize Autonomous Vehicle to navigator's automobile 0 with
Track.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of adaptive consistency control method based on nonlinear object feedback system, it is characterised in that including following step
It is rapid:
It (1) is non-thread with unknown parameter and unknown gain according to spring mass-damping system of more autonomous driving automobiles
Property output feedback system, the state-space model of foundation;
(2) be based on the state-space model, due to more autonomous driving automobiles spring mass-damping system Relative order not
Know, designs the filter of i-th of subsystem;
(3) it is based on the state-space model, since control gain is unknown, the Nussbaum that design tracking error goes to zero increases
Benefit;
(4) it is based on above-mentioned Nussbaum gain, the spring mass-damping system Relative order for designing more autonomous driving automobiles is 1
When adaptive consistency adjusting controller;
(5) according to Relative order be 1 when adaptive consistency adjusting controller, in conjunction with backstepping method and the step
(2) filter and Nussbaum gain, design Relative order are greater than adaptive consistency adjusting controller when 1, realize more
Tracking of the Autonomous Vehicle to navigator's automobile.
2. the adaptive consistency control method according to claim 1 based on nonlinear object feedback system, feature
Be: in the step (1), the state-space model of foundation is as follows:
Wherein,For the state vector of system, niIt indicates subsystem order, is known just whole
Number, yi,ui∈ R is that the output variable of system and control input respectively, φ:It is unknown non-linear letter
Number,It is unknown parameter vector, if bi,ρSpring mass-damping system of autonomous driving automobile more than ≠ 0 is opposite
Rank is ρ,Indicate the n of real number fieldiDimensional vector, RmIndicate the m dimensional vector in real number field.
3. the adaptive consistency control method according to claim 1 based on nonlinear object feedback system, feature
It is: in the step (2), designs the filter of i-th of subsystem are as follows:
Spring mass-damping system Relative order ρ of more autonomous driving automobiles is unknown, wherein λj> 0, j=1 ..., ρ -1
It is the parameter of design, then ξi=[ξi,1…ξi,ρ-1]TIt is the filter of i-th of subsystem, uiFor i-th of the subsystem designed hereinafter
Controller input.
4. the adaptive consistency control method according to claim 1 based on nonlinear object feedback system, feature
It is: in the step (3), Nussbaum gain that the tracking error of design goes to zero are as follows:
Wherein,For designed Nussbaum gain,Meet Property, the variable of k representative function, for function related with time t;
If meetingWherein r (t), which is one, has
Bound function, V (t) is a positive definite integral form, for the liapunov function of design, siWhen to be integrated to function the right and left
Auxiliary variable, the variable k of Nussbaum gainiIt (t) is a continuous function and ki(0)=0, increased using above-mentioned Nussbaum
The property of benefit obtains function V (t) and variable ki(t) boundedness.
5. the adaptive consistency control method according to claim 1 based on nonlinear object feedback system, feature
It is: the adaptive consistency adjusting controller in the step (4), when Relative order is 1 are as follows:
Wherein, uiIt is inputted for the control of i-th of subsystem,ki(0)=0, kiFor the variable of Nussbaum gain,
For the Nussbaum gain designed in step (3), γ is the normal number of a design, and
Wherein, c1>=2 be the normal number of design, unknown parameter θiAdaptive law are as follows:θiIt is by φ (yi) in
Unknown parameter and unknown control gain biThe unknown parameter vector of composition, ζiConsistency tracking error between the intelligent body of definition, The Laplacian Matrix piecemeal of grid connection are as follows:Wherein, qij=lij, Q=[qij]∈
RN×N,L0c=[l0j]∈R1×N, i, j=1 ..., N, ejFor the tracking error of definition, ei=yi-y0, i=1 ..., N, y0For root section
The state put and the status information as pilotage people.
6. the adaptive consistency control method according to claim 1 based on nonlinear object feedback system, feature
Be: in the step (5), Relative order is greater than adaptive consistency adjusting controller when 1 are as follows:
Wherein, the adaptive rate of unknown parameter is as follows:
Wherein, ξi,ρ-1For based on filter and backstepping method design ρ -1 step in controller,It is unknown
Control gain bi,ρEstimated value, evaluated errorAnd filtering error For the normal number of design, according to design
Filter obtainsDynamic be ζiFor consistency tracking error defined in step (5).
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