CN109142136A - Measure the device and method of modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth - Google Patents
Measure the device and method of modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device and methods for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth, device includes sequentially connected gas mixer chamber, gas analyzer for loading the packed column of modified porous material to be measured and for analyzing gas concentration, the import of the gas mixer chamber is connect with high pure nitrogen generator and under test gas generator, the both ends of the packed column occlude and are inserted into conduit to ventilate or be vented, the packed column parallel connection is equipped with shunt valve, and the air inlet pipe of packed column is equipped with valve, third flow regulator is equipped with before the gas mixer chamber and packed column.Compared with prior art, instrument needed for the present invention is common, and operating procedure is simple, greatly reduces time and the cost consumption of measurement, requires few measurement & characterization suitable for the modified porous material of most surface functional groups to the limitation of porous material and property modifying functional group.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air cleaning and environment-friendly developing material fields, and in particular to a kind of measurement modified porous material duct table
The device and method of face functional group load depth.
Background technique
Porous material since the invention, just causes rapidly the concern of numerous scholars with its unique pore structure.Commonly
The active charcoal of porous material, activated carbon fibre, carbon nanotube, zeolite, molecular sieve, macroporous absorbent resin etc., due to having than table
The advantages that area is big, porosity is high, aperture is abundant has been widely used absorption, catalysis, chromatography, gas separation, energy storage
Deposit equal fields.Surface functional group modification is to improve a kind of important means of porous material application performance.By to porous material hole
Road area load or the different types of chemical functional group of grafting, thus it is possible to vary the polarity of porous material surface, acid-base property, parent/dredge
The chemical property such as aqueous, to adapt to different application purposes.
Property modifying functional group is the most frequently used for evaluating the modified result of porous material in the load factor of porous material channel surfaces
Index because it has directly reflected the quantity of property modifying functional group in duct.And it is negative in channel surfaces to influence chemical functional group
The various influence factors of load rate are also studied in detail by numerous domestic and foreign scholars.But other than load factor, modified official
Can roll into a ball in the load depth of channel surfaces and distribution is also to influence the important indicator of the modified result of porous material.Porous material duct
The chemical functional group on surface wants to play modified effect, primarily on condition that can be contacted with target substance.Such as in gas
Adsorbing separation field, can be by loading specific chemical functional group to porous material channel surfaces come to object gas
Absorption is learned, to improve its adsorbing separation ability.But only when the gas molecule being adsorbed can be with the modification function of channel surfaces
When group's contact, chemisorption can just be gone on smoothly.It is inhaled if property modifying functional group is far longer than in the load depth of channel surfaces
The depth that attached gas can reach will cause the waste of property modifying functional group；And if property modifying functional group is at the external port in duct
On the one hand aggregate load can hinder adsorbate molecule to enter the duct of porous material, while will also result in property modifying functional group
Utilization rate is low.Therefore, effectively distribution and load depth of the characterization property modifying functional group in porous material duct, changes optimization
Property experiment parameter, improve porous material modified effect be of great significance.
Currently, can measurement & characterization property modifying functional group be distributed in porous material duct and the method for load depth also compare
Limited, the most commonly used technology of document report is confocal laser scanning microscope, CLSM and fluorescence probe joint technology.But this method
Defect it is also obvious that first is that expensive equipment, complicated for operation；Second is that it is more to the restrictive condition of porous material and property modifying functional group,
Not only needed porous material that can be copolymerized burnt laser penetration, but also the change for needing property modifying functional group that 1:1 can occur with fluorescence probe
Learn reaction.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of gas adsorption method measurement modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth
Method, can fast and accurately symbolize property modifying functional group in the load depth of porous material channel surfaces, effectively evaluating
The modification of porous material surface functional group is as a result, to advanced optimize the foundation for being modified the science of providing.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of measurement is modified porous
The device and method of material channel surfaces functional group load depth
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of modified porous material channel surfaces official of measurement
The device of load depth can be rolled into a ball, which includes sequentially connected gas mixer chamber, for loading modified porous material to be measured
Packed column and gas analyzer for analyzing gas concentration, the import of the gas mixer chamber and high pure nitrogen generator and
The connection of under test gas generator, the both ends of the packed column occlude and are inserted into conduit to ventilate or be vented, and the packed column is simultaneously
Connection is equipped with shunt valve, and the air inlet pipe of packed column is equipped with valve, is equipped with third flow tune before the gas mixer chamber and packed column
Save device.
It is respectively equipped on the connecting line of the high pure nitrogen generator and under test gas generator and gas mixer chamber
First flow adjuster and second flow adjuster.
The both ends of the packed column are tight by silanized glass tampon and are inserted into conduit to ventilate or be vented.
The packed column is placed in temperature-controlled cabinet, and due to temperature being affected for absorption, which can
To measure the adsorption capacity of modified porous material to be measured under different temperatures.
A method of modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth being measured using device as described above,
The following steps are included:
(1) modified porous material to be measured is filled in packed column, occludes packed column both ends,
(2) high pure nitrogen generator is opened, the impurity adsorbed in device and modified porous material duct to be measured is drained；
(3) under test gas generator is opened, and adjusts the concentration of under test gas and high pure nitrogen, closes packed column air inlet pipe
Valve, open shunt valve, pass through gas analyzer measure initial gas under test gas concentration；
(4) shunt valve is closed, the valve of packed column air inlet pipe is opened, it is dense to record under test gas in real time by gas analyzer
Degree, until modified porous material adsorption saturation to be measured is calculated using adsorption breakthrough curve and adsorbed the time required to record adsorption saturation
Amount, the calculation method of adsorbance Q are as follows:
Wherein: F is the flow of under test gas, and C is the initial concentration of under test gas, and m is to be measured modified porous in packed column
The quality of material, taFor the time of integration used in adsorption process.taCalculation method it is as follows:
Wherein: C is the initial concentration of under test gas, C1Real-time concentration under test gas in packed column downstream.；
(5) step (2)~step (4) are repeated, changes the gas flow for being passed through packed column by third flow regulator, this
Shi Wubi guarantees first flow adjuster and second flow adjuster does not change and the concentration of under test gas will not become
Change, obtains the adsorbance under different flow, modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth is then calculated.
The real-time gas that the method whether modified porous material absorption is saturated measures for gas analyzer is judged in step (4)
Middle under test gas concentration is equal to 95% of the concentration of under test gas in initial gas, and should be selected as can for adsorbate in the present invention
The gas of 1:1 chemistry scion grafting to occur with modified porous material surface functional group, the concentration of adsorbate is 100~200ppm
Between certain certain value, and remained unchanged in entire test process.
The amount that gas flow is gradually reduced, and reduces every time in step (5) is 5~50mL/min.What early period was reduced every time
Amount can be larger.More to the later period, each reduction amount is smaller, so as to more accurate that until what time adsorbance is kept not
Become, so as to obtain accurate t.
When the adjacent adsorbance tested twice is identical, time t needed for obtaining secondary adsorption saturation second from the bottom.
The calculation method of the modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth d is as follows:
Wherein, D is the diffusion coefficient of modified porous material to be measured, and C is the concentration of under test gas, and X is the expansion of under test gas
Direction is dissipated,For the concentration gradient of under test gas ,-expression dispersal direction is the opposite direction of concentration gradient, and ρ is under test gas
Density.
It is describedMethod for solving be under test gas concentration divided by unit length.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in following several respects:
(1) method of the present invention, not only can be from property modifying functional group be macroscopically described in porous material channel surfaces
Loading condition, load depth and distribution situation of the property modifying functional group in duct more can be quantitatively calculated from microcosmic angle.
(2) method of the present invention, required instrument is common, and operating procedure is simple, greatly reduce measurement time and
Cost consumption.
(3) method of the present invention requires the limitation of porous material and property modifying functional group less, to be suitable for the overwhelming majority
The measurement & characterization of the modified porous material of surface functional group.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is connection schematic diagram of the invention.
Wherein, 1 is under test gas generator, and 2 be high pure nitrogen generator, and 3 be pressure reducing valve, and 4 be first flow adjuster,
5 be second flow adjuster, and 6 be the first triple valve, and 7 be gas mixer chamber, and 8 be the second triple valve, and 9 be exhaust-valve, and 10 be the
Three flow regulators, 11 be third triple valve, and 12 be valve, and 13 be packed column, and 14 be temperature-controlled cabinet, and 15 be shunt valve, 16
It is gas analyzer for the 4th triple valve, 17.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment carries out under the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention
Implement, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of device measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth, structure is as shown in Figure 1, include
Sequentially connected gas mixer chamber 7, the packed column 13 for loading modified porous material to be measured and for analyzing gas concentration
Gas analyzer 17, wherein the import of gas mixer chamber 6 is connect with high pure nitrogen generator 2 and under test gas generator 1,
Pressure reducing valve 3 is installed in the outlet of under test gas generator 1, and first flow adjuster 4 is installed on pipeline, is finally passed through the one or three
Pressure reducing valve 3 is installed in the outlet of one import of port valve 6, high pure nitrogen generator 2, and second flow adjuster is installed on pipeline
5, it is finally passed through another import of the first triple valve 6, the outlet of the first triple valve 6 connects gas mixer chamber 7.Gas mixer chamber
The import of 7 the second triple valve 8 of outlet connection, the one outlet of the second triple valve 8 connect vent gas treatment list by exhaust-valve 9
Another outlet of member, the second triple valve 8 is connect by third flow regulator 10 with the import of third triple valve 11.Three or three
The one outlet of port valve 11 is connect by valve 12 with the import of packed column 13, another outlet connection of third triple valve 11 is other
Valve is arranged on shunt valve 15 in road pipe 15.The outlet of packed column 13 and the outlet of shunt valve 15 are all connected with the 4th triple valve 16
Two imports, the outlet of the 4th triple valve 16 is connect with gas analyzer.
The both ends of packed column 13 are occluded by silanized glass cotton and are inserted into conduit to ventilate or be vented, and packed column 13
It is placed in temperature-controlled cabinet 14.
It is tested using above-mentioned apparatus, the specific method is as follows:
The sulfonic group modified porous material of 0.5g is placed in long 0.5cm, internal diameter is in the packed column of 0.7cm.Packed column two
End silanized glass tampon is tight and is placed in constant temperature control box.Packed column upstream connects gas mixing box, gas mixing box
Two gas accesses be separately connected high pure nitrogen and the NH of 100ppm3Gas.Packed column downstream connection NH3Gas analyzer, can
Real time on-line monitoring NH3Concentration.Carry out NH3Before adsorption experiment first under conditions of 80 DEG C, with the flow velocity of 300mL/min to filling out
It fills in column and is passed through high pure nitrogen 1 hour, sufficiently to remove the adsorbed impurity of sulfonic group modified porous material.Logical high pure nitrogen 1
After hour, under conditions of 25 DEG C, NH is passed through into filling with the flow of 400mL/min3Gas, according to packed column downstream NH3
The reading of gas analyzer calculates the NH of the sulfonic group modified porous material3Adsorbance is denoted as Q1, the sulfonic acid that then more renews
Based modified porous material, by NH3The flow of gas is reduced to 350mL/min, repeats above step, NH at this time3Adsorbance is denoted as
Q2.Until Qn-1=QnWhen (n be adsorption experiment number), stop NH3Adsorption experiment, at this time NH3The flow of gas is Fd.According to NH3
Gas is at 25 DEG C, and diffusion coefficient D under the conditions of 100ppm in the sulfonic group modified porous material can acquire diffusion flux J, root
According to formula, load depth d of the sulfonic group in the porous material duct can be acquired.Specific experiment result is as follows:
1 NH of table3Adsorption experimental results (25 DEG C, 100ppm)
| NH3Flow (F, mL/min) | Adsorption saturation time (t, s) | NH3Adsorbance (Q, mg/g) |
| 500 | 108 | 20.87 |
| 450 | 201 | 22.94 |
| 400 | 286 | 24.61 |
| 350 | 349 | 26.01 |
| 300 | 401 | 27.88 |
| 250 | 430 | 28.25 |
| 225 | 437 | 28.33 |
| 200 | 438 | 28.34 |
As seen from the above table, Fd=300mL/min；
Known NH3In 25 DEG C of diffusion coefficient D=0.8e-5cm2/s；ρ=7.59e-8g/cm3；
T=430s；
C=100ppm=7.59e-8g/cm3。
According to formula:
D=15.01 μm of load depth of sulfonic group in the porous material duct can be calculated.
Embodiment 2
Using device same as Example 1, concrete operations are as follows:
0.5g amino modified porous material is placed in long 0.5cm, internal diameter is in the packed column of 0.7cm.Packed column both ends
It is tight with silanized glass tampon and be placed in constant temperature control box.Packed column upstream connects gas mixing box, gas mixing box
Two gas accesses are separately connected high pure nitrogen and the SO of 100ppm2Gas.Packed column downstream connection SO2Gas analyzer, can be real
When monitor SO on-line2Concentration.Carry out SO2Before adsorption experiment first under conditions of 80 DEG C, with the flow velocity of 300mL/min to filling
High pure nitrogen is passed through in column 1 hour, sufficiently to remove the adsorbed impurity of amino modified porous material.Logical high pure nitrogen 1 hour
Later, under conditions of 25 DEG C, SO is passed through into filling with the flow of 400mL/min2Gas, according to packed column downstream SO2Gas
The reading of analyzer calculates the SO of the amino modified porous material2Adsorbance is denoted as Q1, the amino modified then more renewed is more
Porous materials, by SO2The flow of gas is reduced to 350mL/min, repeats above step, SO at this time2Adsorbance is denoted as Q2.Until
Qn-1=QnWhen (n be adsorption experiment number), stop SO2Adsorption experiment, at this time SO2The flow of gas is Fd.According to SO2Gas exists
25 DEG C, the diffusion coefficient D under the conditions of 100ppm in the amino modified porous material can acquire diffusion flux J, according to formula,
Load depth d of the amido in the porous material duct can be acquired.Specific experiment result is as follows:
2 SO of table2Adsorption experimental results (25 DEG C, 100ppm)
| SO2Flow (F, mL/min) | Adsorption saturation time (t, s) | SO2Adsorbance (Q, mg/g) |
| 500 | 378 | 40.21 |
| 450 | 498 | 44.09 |
| 400 | 582 | 46.59 |
| 350 | 689 | 50.10 |
| 300 | 753 | 54.89 |
| 250 | 789 | 56.34 |
| 225 | 807 | 57.80 |
| 200 | 812 | 57.89 |
| 175 | 813 | 57.90 |
As seen from the above table, Fd=200mL/min；
Known SO2In 25 DEG C of diffusion coefficient D=1.1e-5cm2/s；ρ=2.86e-7g/cm3；
T=812s；
C=100ppm=2.86e-7g/cm3。
According to formula:
D=29.81 μm of load depth of sulfonic group in the porous material duct can be calculated.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth, which is characterized in that the device includes
Sequentially connected gas mixer chamber, the packed column for loading modified porous material to be measured and the gas for analyzing gas concentration
The import of body analyzer, the gas mixer chamber is connect with high pure nitrogen generator and under test gas generator, the packed column
Both ends occlude and be inserted into conduit to ventilate or be vented, the packed column parallel connection is equipped with shunt valve, and the air inlet pipe of packed column
Equipped with valve, third flow regulator is equipped with before the gas mixer chamber and packed column.
2. a kind of device for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, is respectively equipped on the connecting line of the high pure nitrogen generator and under test gas generator and gas mixer chamber
First flow adjuster and second flow adjuster.
3. a kind of device for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the both ends of the packed column are tight by silanized glass tampon and are inserted into conduit to ventilate or be vented.
4. a kind of device for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the packed column is placed in temperature-controlled cabinet.
5. a kind of bear using as any described device of Claims 1 to 4 measures modified porous material channel surfaces functional group
The method for carrying depth, which comprises the following steps:
(1) modified porous material to be measured is filled in packed column, occludes packed column both ends,
(2) high pure nitrogen generator is opened, the impurity adsorbed in device and modified porous material duct to be measured is drained；
(3) under test gas generator is opened, and adjusts the concentration of under test gas and high pure nitrogen, closes the valve of packed column air inlet pipe
Door opens shunt valve, and the concentration of under test gas in initial gas is measured by gas analyzer；
(4) shunt valve is closed, the valve of packed column air inlet pipe is opened, records under test gas concentration in real time by gas analyzer,
Until modified porous material adsorption saturation to be measured, the time required to record adsorption saturation, calculates adsorbance using adsorption breakthrough curve；
(5) step (2)~step (4) are repeated, changes the gas flow for being passed through packed column by third flow regulator, obtains not
With the adsorbance under flow, modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth is then calculated.
6. a kind of method for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, the real-time gas that the method whether modified porous material absorption is saturated measures for gas analyzer is judged in step (4)
Under test gas concentration is equal to 95% of the concentration of under test gas in initial gas in body.
7. a kind of method for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, the amount that gas flow is gradually reduced, and reduces every time in step (5) is 5~50mL/min.
8. a kind of method for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, when the adjacent adsorbance tested twice is identical, time t needed for obtaining secondary adsorption saturation second from the bottom.
9. a kind of method for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 8,
It is characterized in that, the calculation method of the modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth d is as follows:
Wherein, D is the diffusion coefficient of modified porous material to be measured, and C is the concentration of under test gas, and X is the diffused sheet of under test gas
To,For the concentration gradient of under test gas ,-expression dispersal direction is the opposite direction of concentration gradient, and ρ is the close of under test gas
Degree.
10. a kind of method for measuring modified porous material channel surfaces functional group load depth according to claim 9,
It is characterized in that, it is describedMethod for solving be under test gas concentration divided by unit length.
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