CN109141942B - Steering load simulation device and steering system test method - Google Patents
Steering load simulation device and steering system test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109141942B CN109141942B CN201811040580.1A CN201811040580A CN109141942B CN 109141942 B CN109141942 B CN 109141942B CN 201811040580 A CN201811040580 A CN 201811040580A CN 109141942 B CN109141942 B CN 109141942B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/06—Steering behaviour; Rolling behaviour
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Abstract
The invention provides a steering load simulation device and a steering system test method, which relate to the technical field of vehicle steering tests, and the steering load simulation device provided by the invention comprises the following components: the steering driving part is used for driving the linkage part to move; the steering load simulation device provided by the invention solves the technical problems that the precision of a steering system load simulation system in the prior art is difficult to guarantee, the service life is short, and the influence of a steering rocker arm and a wheel side assembly on the steering system load cannot be simulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle steering tests, in particular to a steering load simulation device and a steering system test method.
Background
The hydraulic steering loading system is a system for providing load for a steering mechanism based on hydraulic transmission. The hydraulic loading system consists of a gear rack steering gear, a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic valve, a hydraulic pump station, a sensor and the like. The hydraulic cylinder controls speed, force and the like according to signals sent by a computer, a force sensor detects signals and compares the signals with instruction signals to realize signal feedback, and the flow of oil of a valve is controlled according to feedback pressure, so that the movement of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled, and loading is realized.
The spring loading system can simulate the resistance when the automobile turns and the aligning force when the automobile turns, and the system structure is simpler. When the steering gear acts, the load spring can block the steering gear from moving, and the load spring can provide different loads according to different amplitudes of the steering gear, so that loading is realized.
The existing scheme mainly has the following defects:
a hydraulic steering system: (1) the hydraulic component has high manufacturing precision requirement, and the technical requirement of the component is high, the assembly is difficult, and the use and maintenance are strict; (2) the oil is influenced by the temperature, and the viscosity of the oil changes along with the change of the temperature, so the oil is not suitable for working in the high-temperature or low-temperature environment; (3) air mixed in the oil liquid is easy to influence the working performance, and vibration and noise are easy to cause after the air is mixed in the oil liquid, so that the working performance of the system is influenced; (4) the oil is easy to pollute, and the reliability of the system operation can be influenced after the oil is polluted; (5) the fault is not easy to be checked and eliminated.
A spring loading system: (1) the steering load of the automobile cannot be accurately simulated; (2) the lifetime of the wear tends to be reduced due to stress concentrations caused by the wear.
In addition, the two load simulation systems neglect the influence of the steering rocker arm and the wheel side assembly on the steering load, and cannot simulate the actual steering working condition, so that errors exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a steering load simulation apparatus and a steering system test method, so as to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the accuracy of a steering system load simulation system is difficult to guarantee, the service life is short, and the steering system load cannot be influenced by a steering rocker arm and a wheel side assembly.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a steering load simulation apparatus, including: the steering driving part is used for driving the linkage part to move; the brake is used to frictionally brake the linkage to resist movement of the linkage.
With reference to the first aspect, the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein a pressure loader is connected to the brake, and the pressure loader is in frictional contact with the linkage member and clamps the linkage member.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein a pressure sensor is connected to the brake, the pressure sensor is arranged opposite to the pressure loader, and the linkage is clamped between the pressure loader and the pressure sensor.
With reference to the first aspect, the present invention provides a third possible embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the linkage member is a friction disc, the friction disc is rotatably connected to the frame, and the brake is located at an edge of the friction disc.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the steering driving member includes a steering rocker arm and a tie rod, one end of the steering rocker arm is hinged to the edge of the friction disc through a second hinge shaft, the other end of the steering rocker arm is hinged to the tie rod through a first hinge shaft, and the tie rod is slidably connected to the frame.
With reference to the fourth possible embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fifth possible embodiment of the first aspect, wherein an arc between the brake and the tie rods is 180 degrees in a circumferential direction of the friction disc; in the sliding stroke of the tie rod, the included angle between the tie rod and the steering rocker arm is larger than 180 degrees.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the steering load simulation device further includes a controller, and the pressure loader and the pressure sensor are respectively connected to the controller.
With reference to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the steering load simulation apparatus further includes an input device, and the input device is connected to the controller.
In a second aspect, the steering system test method provided by the present invention uses the steering load simulator provided in the first aspect, and includes the steps of:
calculating a theoretical value of the steering system load at the preset vehicle speed according to the preset vehicle speed;
calculating the braking force of the brake according to the theoretical value of the load of the steering system;
the brake is controlled to load the linkage.
With reference to the second aspect, the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, wherein controlling the brake to load the link includes: the brake resists movement of the linkage relative to the brake by friction.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: a steering driving piece is adopted to drive the linkage piece to move; the brake is used for friction braking the linkage piece, so that the linkage piece is rubbed by the brake to generate friction resistance in a mode of blocking the movement of the linkage piece, the linkage piece is driven to move relative to the brake by the steering driving piece, the steering driving piece is used for connecting the driving force of the steering system, so that the friction resistance of the brake to the linkage piece is transmitted to the steering system, and the loading of the steering system is further realized; the friction force is loaded through the brake and is not influenced by the state of hydraulic oil, so that the precision of the load force is favorably controlled, the elastic fatigue cannot be generated relative to a spring loading system, the concentrated stress cannot occur, and the service life is favorably prolonged. And the steering driving part is used for simulating a steering rocker arm in a steering system, and the friction force between the brake and the linkage part is used for simulating the friction force borne by the wheel side assembly in the steering process, so that more real steering load simulation is realized, and the data obtained by a steering test can be more reliable.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a partial schematic view of a steering load simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a first schematic diagram of a steering load simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a steering load simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a second schematic diagram of the steering load simulation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a linkage; 2-a steering drive; 21-a steering rocker arm; 211-a first articulated shaft; 212-a second articulated shaft; 22-a tie rod; 3-a brake; 31-a pressure loader; 32-a pressure sensor; 4-a frame; 5-a controller; 6-input device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a steering load simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the steering mechanism comprises a linkage 1, a steering driving piece 2 and a brake 3, wherein the steering driving piece 2 is used for driving the linkage 1 to move; the brake 3 serves to frictionally brake the link 1 to hinder movement of the link 1.
Specifically, the link 1 is used for connecting a steering system and transmitting the driving force of the steering system to the steering driver 2; the steering driving piece 2 moves relative to the brake 3 under the driving of the linkage piece 1, and the brake 3 applies load force through friction braking; the brake 3 can adopt an electronic parking system, a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic valve, a hydraulic pump station and a complex hydraulic loop are replaced by the electronic parking system, system simplification is realized to a great extent, the problem of air bubbles in the system installation process is avoided, the system instability caused by the fact that oil is mixed with impurities is avoided, and the use of a large number of precise hydraulic elements is reduced while the system simplification is realized. Compared with a hydraulic loading system, the hydraulic loading system is more convenient to install, use and maintain.
It should be noted that, in order to adapt the steering load simulator to different types of steering systems, a mounting bracket with adjustable positions is arranged on the frame 4 for mounting the linkage 1, the steering driving member 2 and the brake 3, so that the steering load simulator can adapt to mounting the steering driving member 2 with different working strokes and the brake 3 with different working strokes.
Taking the brake 3 as an electronic parking system as an example, in the loading process, a computer calculates a theoretical value of a steering system load at a given preset vehicle speed, obtains the magnitude of a torque theoretically output by a motor and a corresponding voltage value according to the friction coefficient between the piston and the linkage member 1 and the transmission ratio of EPB motor parameters and EPB inner belt toothed wheels, sends the signal to the controller 5 through CAN communication, and sends the signal to control the output torque and steering of the EPB motor by the controller 5 so as to push the piston to press the linkage member 1 tightly and simulate resistance on the wheels in the steering process, thereby realizing the simulation of the steering load.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the brake 3 is connected to a pressure loader 31, and the pressure loader 31 is in frictional contact with the link 1 and clamps the link 1. The pressure loader 31 is equivalent to a telescopic cylinder in an electronic parking system, the pressing force of the pressure loader 31 and the linkage member 1 can be controlled by controlling the expansion and contraction of the pressure loader 31, and the friction resistance of the linkage member 1 can be changed by adjusting the pressing force of the pressure loader 31 on the linkage member 1 under the condition of a certain friction coefficient.
Further, a pressure sensor 32 is connected to the brake 3, the pressure sensor 32 is disposed opposite to the pressure loader 31, and the link 1 is sandwiched between the pressure loader 31 and the pressure sensor 32. The pressure sensor 32 is disposed opposite to the pressure loader 31, that is, when the pressure sensor 32 applies pressure to the linkage 1, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 32 through the linkage 1, and the pressure applied to the linkage 1 can be detected by the pressure sensor 32.
As shown in fig. 2, the linkage member 1 is a friction disc, the friction disc is rotatably connected to the frame 4, the brake 3 is located at an edge of the friction disc, a rotating shaft of the friction disc is coaxial with the friction disc, and the brake 3 is located at an edge of the friction disc to apply friction resistance at the edge of the friction disc, so as to block the friction disc from rotating, thereby realizing steering loading. The friction disk is subjected to friction resistance in the rotating process, and the friction resistance of the wheel edge assembly can be simulated visually.
The load of the steering system is mainly expressed as the force of the external environment on the tire, and compared with the load applied to the steering transverse pull rod, the device applies friction resistance to the friction disc by using the electronic parking system, so that the device is more real for steering load simulation, and the data obtained by the test is more reliable. The system adopts an electronic parking braking system to replace a complex hydraulic loop, so that the system is simplified, and the problem of unreliable system caused by hydraulic oil pollution or air mixing is avoided. The system adopts motor control, and the service environment is cleaner, and control is simpler.
At present, two main forms of electronic parking brake technology applied to automobiles are available, one is a pull-wire type electronic parking brake system, and the other is a caliper integrated type electronic parking brake system. The stay wire type electronic parking brake system is a transitional product applied in the early stage due to the fact that stay wires of a traditional mechanical parking brake system are reserved, the application of the stay wire type electronic parking brake system to automobiles is less, and the existing stay wire type electronic parking brake system applied to automobiles is mostly a caliper integrated electronic parking brake system. The system replaces the traditional control parts such as a parking brake handle, a mechanical lever, a pull wire and the like with an electronic button and an electric motor assembly. The motor assembly is integrated into the left and right rear brake calipers, and the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) and the motor assembly are directly connected by an electrical harness. When a driver operates an electronic button of the electronic parking brake system during parking, the electronic control unit controls the action of the motor integrated in the left brake caliper and the right brake caliper and drives the pistons of the brake calipers to move to generate mechanical clamping force so as to complete parking. The working principle is as follows: the electronic control unit controls the motor to rotate, the motor drives the toothed belt gear, the belt pulley drives the inclined disc type gear to rotate, finally the screw rod pushes the brake piston to move, and the brake piston moves to generate clamping force so as to complete parking. It should be noted that the electronic parking system works on the same principle as a manual mechanical parking brake system, and the parking is realized by frictional clamping between a brake shoe and a brake hub or between a friction plate and a brake disc, but the original manual operation and mechanical linkage are replaced by the action of an electronic button and a motor in a control mode, so the system is called an electronic control type mechanical parking brake system.
As shown in fig. 3, the steering driving member 2 includes a steering rocker 21 and a tie rod 22, one end of the steering rocker 21 is hinged to the edge of the friction plate through a second hinge shaft 212, the other end of the steering rocker 21 is hinged to the tie rod 22 through a first hinge shaft 211, and the tie rod 22 is slidably connected to the frame 4. Taking a rack and pinion steering gear as an example, the tie rod 22 is fixedly connected with the rack, when the steering gear works, the tie rod 22 slides along the self axial direction, and the tie rod 22 drives the linkage member 1 to slide or rotate on the frame 4 by pushing and pulling the steering rocker arm 21. In order to further simulate the loading of a vehicle steering gear, two ends of a tie rod 22 are provided with steering rocker arms 21, and the two steering rocker arms 21 are connected with the two linkage pieces 1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the left and right wheel assemblies of the vehicle are simulated.
As shown in fig. 3, in the circumferential direction of the friction disc, the radian between the brake 3 and the tie rod 22 is 180 degrees, and in the sliding stroke of the tie rod 22, the included angle between the tie rod 22 and the steering rocker arm 21 is greater than 180 degrees, so that the tie rod 22 can be prevented from pushing and pulling the steering rocker arm 21 to the dead point position of the linkage 1, that is, the friction disc can be driven to rotate in the forward and reverse directions when the tie rod 22 slides back and forth. When the arc between the second hinge shaft 212 and the brake 3 is 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the friction disc, the tie rod 22 is located at the middle of the stroke, so that the friction disc can rotate in the forward direction or the direction during the sliding of the tie rod 22, and when the friction disc rotates less than 90 degrees, the second hinge shaft 212 does not interfere with the brake 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the steering load simulator further includes a controller 5, and the pressure loader 31 and the pressure sensor 32 are respectively connected to the controller 5. The controller 5 can control the pressure loader 31 to apply pressure, the pressure sensor 32 is used for detecting the pressure value output by the pressure loader 31 and feeding back the pressure value output by the pressure loader 31 to the controller 5, and the controller 5 performs further verification, so that closed-loop control is realized.
Further, the steering load simulator further comprises an input device 6, and the input device 6 is connected with the controller 5. The input device 6 is a keyboard or a speedometer and is used for inputting a preset vehicle speed, the controller 5 calculates a theoretical value of the load of the steering system according to the preset vehicle speed, and calculates the braking force of the brake 3 according to the theoretical value of the load of the steering system, so as to control the brake 3 to apply frictional resistance to the linkage 1.
Example two
The steering system test method provided by the embodiment of the invention uses the steering load simulation device provided by the first embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
calculating a theoretical value of the steering system load at the preset vehicle speed according to the preset vehicle speed;
calculating the braking force of the brake 3 according to the theoretical value of the steering system load;
the control brake 3 loads the linkage 1. The method comprises the steps that the controller 5 inquires the theoretical value of the steering system load at the preset vehicle speed according to the preset vehicle speed, and the theoretical value of the steering system load under each vehicle speed condition can be obtained through a previous test and is stored in a memory in advance for the controller 5 to call and search.
The control brake 3 loading the linkage 1 comprises: the brake 3 resists movement of the link 1 relative to the brake 3 by frictional force. The technical effect of the steering system test method provided in this embodiment is the same as that of the steering load simulation apparatus provided in the first embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A steering load simulation device, comprising: the steering mechanism comprises a linkage piece (1), a steering driving piece (2) and a brake (3), wherein the steering driving piece (2) is used for driving the linkage piece (1) to move; the brake (3) is used for frictionally braking the linkage piece (1) to block the movement of the linkage piece (1); the brake (3) is connected with a pressure loader (31), and the pressure loader (31) is in contact with the linkage piece (1) and clamps the linkage piece (1); the brake (3) is connected with a pressure sensor (32), the pressure sensor (32) is arranged opposite to the pressure loader (31), and the linkage piece (1) is positioned between the pressure loader (31) and the pressure sensor (32);
the linkage piece (1) is a friction disc, the friction disc is rotationally connected to the rack (4), and the brake (3) is located on the edge of the friction disc;
the steering driving part (2) comprises a steering rocker arm (21) and a tie rod (22), one end of the steering rocker arm (21) is hinged to the edge of the friction disc, the other end of the steering rocker arm (21) is hinged to the tie rod (22), and the tie rod (22) is connected to the rack (4) in a sliding mode.
2. A steering load simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the corresponding central angle between the brake (3) and the tie rod (22) in the circumferential direction of the friction disc is 180 degrees.
3. The steering load simulation device according to claim 1, further comprising a controller (5), wherein the pressure loader (31) and the pressure sensor (32) are respectively connected to the controller (5).
4. The steering load simulator according to claim 3, further comprising an input device (6), said input device (6) being connected to said controller (5).
5. A steering system test method, characterized in that the steering system test method employs the steering load simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and includes the steps of:
calculating a theoretical value of the steering system load at the preset vehicle speed according to the preset vehicle speed;
calculating the braking force of the brake (3) according to the theoretical value of the steering system load;
controlling the brake (3) to load the linkage (1);
the control brake (3) loading the linkage (1) comprises: the brake (3) resists the movement of the linkage (1) relative to the brake (3) through friction force.
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| CN201811040580.1A CN109141942B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Steering load simulation device and steering system test method |
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| CN201811040580.1A CN109141942B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Steering load simulation device and steering system test method |
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| CN109141942B true CN109141942B (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| CN111855240A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-30 | 江西江铃集团新能源汽车有限公司 | Noise test bench for automobile steering system |
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