CN109141495B - Sensor interface device - Google Patents

Sensor interface device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109141495B
CN109141495B CN201810687181.8A CN201810687181A CN109141495B CN 109141495 B CN109141495 B CN 109141495B CN 201810687181 A CN201810687181 A CN 201810687181A CN 109141495 B CN109141495 B CN 109141495B
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interface
sensor
power supply
analog
current
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CN109141495A (en
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鞠明明
马东海
李小兵
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Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable

Abstract

The application provides a sensor interface device, includes: the sensor comprises a first interface, a second interface and a third interface, wherein the first interface, the second interface and the third interface are used for connecting pins of a sensor; a first power supply circuit configured to supply power to the first interface; a first detection circuit configured to detect an electric signal input from the third interface; a second detection circuit configured to detect an electric signal input from the first interface; a ground circuit configured to be connected with the second interface. The sensor interface device provided by the application can realize that one sensor interface device supports various sensors under the condition of not using a switch, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of the sensors.

Description

Sensor interface device
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of circuits, and more particularly, to a sensor interface device.
Background
In industrial systems, there are numerous types of sensors, and a particular sensor requires specific circuitry to coordinate the access of the sensor. Because the working principles of different types of sensors are different, the requirements of the different types of sensors on interface circuits are also different, one type of interface circuit can only support one type of sensor generally, but in practical application scenarios, the sensor interface device is often required to be capable of supporting different types of sensors to detect various physical quantities.
One solution is to design a sensor interface device including a plurality of circuits, each of the plurality of circuits is used for accessing a sensor, and the corresponding circuit of the interface is switched through a switch, so as to support different types of sensors. However, this solution requires a switch to be added to the sensor interface device, which increases the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the sensor interface device, and therefore how to implement one sensor interface device to support multiple sensors without using a switch is a problem that needs to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a sensor interface device, through setting up a plurality of interfaces and a plurality of detection circuitry, can realize that a sensor interface device supports multiple sensor under the condition of not using the switch to manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of sensor have been reduced.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a sensor interface device comprising: the sensor comprises a first interface, a second interface and a third interface, wherein the first interface, the second interface and the third interface are used for connecting pins of a sensor; a first power supply circuit configured to supply power to the first interface; a first detection circuit configured to detect an electric signal input from the third interface; a second detection circuit configured to be connected to the first interface through a resistor (R1), the second detection circuit including a second analog-to-digital converter ADC for detecting an electrical signal input from the first interface, the electrical signal input from the first interface including an analog electrical signal input from a sensor, or including an analog electrical signal input from the first power supply circuit, or including an analog electrical signal input from the sensor and an analog electrical signal input from the first power supply circuit, wherein when the analog electrical signal is input to the second analog-to-digital converter ADC through the first interface, the second analog-to-digital converter ADC converts the analog electrical signal into a digital electrical signal and inputs the digital electrical signal to a digital signal processing device; a ground circuit configured to be connected with the second interface.
The sensor interface device provided by the embodiment includes at least three interfaces, which can be used for connecting a three-pin sensor (e.g., a voltage transmitter) and also can be used for connecting a two-pin sensor (e.g., a dry contact input type sensor). In addition, because the first power supply circuit and the second detection circuit are both connected with the first interface, the second detection circuit can also detect the voltage or the current of the first power supply circuit, so that the voltage or the current provided by the first power supply circuit can be accurately measured, and the accuracy of the measurement result of the sensor is improved.
Optionally, the sensor interface device further comprises: the fourth interface is used for connecting pins of the sensor; a second power supply circuit configured to supply power to the fourth interface.
When the sensor interface device further includes a fourth interface and a second power supply circuit, the sensor interface device can also support a four-pin sensor (e.g., hall sensor) that requires two power supply circuits and one ground circuit to operate.
Optionally, the second power supply circuit comprises: and the second current limiting protection circuit is configured to limit the current of the second power supply circuit to be less than or equal to a second current, wherein the second current is the maximum current for safe operation of the sensor.
The scheme can avoid the sensor damage caused by overlarge current of the second power supply circuit.
Optionally, the sensor interface device provided by the present application further includes: the fourth interface is used for connecting pins of the sensor; a third detection circuit configured to detect an electric signal input from the fourth interface, and/or configured to detect a voltage and/or a current of the second power supply circuit.
By incorporating the fourth interface and the third detection circuit, the sensor interface apparatus can support the operation of a four-pin sensor (e.g., dry-output type sensor) that requires one power supply circuit and one ground circuit. In addition, because the second power supply circuit and the third detection circuit are both connected with the fourth interface, the third detection circuit can also detect the voltage or the current of the second power supply circuit, so that the voltage or the current provided by the second power supply circuit can be accurately measured, and the accuracy of the measurement result of the sensor is improved.
Optionally, the second detection circuit is configured to detect an electrical signal input from the second interface.
Since there may be an error between the actual voltage provided by the power supply circuit and the nominal voltage, or an error between the actual current provided by the power supply circuit and the nominal current, the second detection circuit is configured to detect the voltage and/or current of the first power supply circuit, the voltage and/or current of the first power supply circuit can be accurately determined, and the measurement result of the sensor can be made more accurate by determining the measurement result of the sensor using the voltage and/or current of the first power supply circuit measured by the second detection circuit.
Optionally, the first detection circuit comprises: an operational amplifier configured to amplify the electrical signal input from the third interface.
The electric signal generated by the sensor is usually weak, and the electric signal generated by the sensor can be amplified by configuring an operational amplifier in the first detection circuit, so that the detection result of the first detection circuit is more accurate.
Optionally, the first detection circuit further comprises: and a first clamp circuit configured to limit an input potential of the operational amplifier to be less than or equal to a first potential which is a highest potential at which the operational amplifier safely operates.
The scheme can ensure that the operational amplifier works in a safe potential area.
Optionally, the first detection circuit comprises: a first analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to detect an electrical signal input from the third interface; and the second clamping circuit is configured to limit the input potential of the first ADC to be less than or equal to a second potential, wherein the second potential is the highest potential at which the first ADC can safely work.
The scheme can ensure that the first ADC works in a safe potential area.
Optionally, the first detection circuit comprises: a first ADC configured to detect an electric signal input from the third interface; a bias voltage circuit configured to provide a compensation potential to the first ADC.
The bias voltage provided by the bias voltage circuit is used for providing compensation potential for the first ADC and conducting the first detection circuit.
Optionally, the first power supply circuit comprises: and the first current limiting protection circuit is configured to limit the current of the first power supply circuit to be less than or equal to a first current, wherein the first current is the maximum current for safe operation of the sensor.
The safety of the sensor interface device can be improved by the scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sensor interface device provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device coupled to a voltage transmitter provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device coupled to an NTC sensor as provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device coupled to a dry contact input sensor according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another sensor interface provided herein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device coupled to a Hall sensor as provided herein;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device coupled to a dry contact output-type sensor as provided herein;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of yet another sensor interface device provided herein.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device provided herein.
As shown in fig. 1, the sensor interface device 100 includes: the sensor comprises an interface 1, an interface 2, an interface 3, a first power supply circuit, a first detection circuit, a second detection circuit and a grounding circuit, wherein the interface 1, the interface 2 and the interface 3 are used for connecting pins of the sensor, the first power supply circuit is configured to supply power to the interface 1, the first detection circuit is configured to detect an electric signal input from the interface 3, and the second detection circuit is configured to detect an electric signal input from the interface 1.
In addition to the above features, the present application is not limited to other features of the sensor interface device 100, for example, the interface 1, the interface 2, and the interface 3 may be pin (pin) interfaces, or other types of interfaces; the voltage provided by the first power supply circuit can be +12V, can also be-12V, and can also be voltage with other values; the first and second detection circuits may be detection circuits comprising an ADC for detecting the electrical signal, and the first and second detection circuits may also be detection circuits comprising other detection devices.
As an alternative embodiment, the sensor interface device 100 may be connected to a voltage transducer, which is a device that converts the measured ac voltage, dc voltage, and pulse voltage into a linear proportional output dc voltage or dc current and isolates the output analog signal or digital signal.
As shown in fig. 2, when the sensor interface device 100 is connected to a voltage transmitter, the interface 1, the interface 2 and the interface 3 are respectively connected to three pins of the voltage transmitter, the first power supply circuit (providing a voltage of + 12V) and the ground circuit (i.e., the second detection circuit) supply power to the outside in a single direction, and the first detection circuit collects an electrical signal (voltage) generated by the voltage transmitter, thereby supporting the voltage transmitter to complete a measurement operation.
The above embodiments are merely exemplary, and the sensor interface device 100 can also be used to connect other three-pin sensors.
For the voltage transducer, the input voltage value is in direct proportion to the output voltage value, if the voltage provided by the power supply circuit is unstable, the output result of the voltage transducer will also change, and if the input voltage value of the voltage transducer is still calculated according to the nominal input voltage value, the calculation result and the actual measurement result will generate errors. According to the device shown in fig. 2, the first power supply circuit and the second detection circuit are both connected with the interface 1, therefore, the second detection circuit can also detect the voltage or the current of the first power supply circuit, thereby accurately measuring the voltage or the current provided by the first power supply circuit and improving the accuracy of the measurement result of the voltage transmitter.
As another alternative embodiment, the sensor interface device 100 may be connected to a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) sensor.
As shown in fig. 3, the interface 1 and the interface 3 of the sensor interface device 100 are respectively connected to two pins of the NTC sensor, the interface 2 is left empty, wherein the first power supply circuit provides a voltage of-12V, the voltage output by the first power supply circuit is measured by the second detection circuit, and the first detection circuit detects the voltage of the interface 3. When the temperature measured by the NTC sensor changes, the resistance of the NTC sensor changes, so that the voltage at the interface 3 changes, the specific voltage value is measured by the first detection circuit, the resistance value of the NTC sensor can be calculated by reading the voltage values measured by the first detection circuit and the second detection circuit, and the temperature measured by the NTC sensor can be deduced.
The above embodiments are merely exemplary, and the sensor interface device 100 can also be used to connect other two-pin sensors.
FIG. 4 illustrates another schematic diagram of the sensor interface device 100 provided herein connecting a two pin sensor.
As shown in fig. 4, the interface 1 and the interface 2 of the sensor interface device 100 are respectively connected to two pins of the dry contact input type sensor, the interface 3 is vacant, and when the dry contact of the dry contact input type sensor is disconnected, the voltage acquired by the second detection circuit is the voltage provided by the first power supply circuit; when the dry contact of the dry contact input type sensor is closed, the voltage collected by the second detection circuit changes, so that the dry contact state of the dry contact input type sensor can be judged by reading the voltage value measured by the second detection circuit.
In summary, the sensor interface device 100 provided by the present application can support various sensor operations without using a switch, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of the sensor interface device 100.
It should be noted that the sensor interface device 100 in the above embodiment includes three jacks, but it is not representative that the sensor interface device provided by the present application includes only three jacks, and the sensor interface device provided by the present application includes at least three jacks and other circuits.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device 200 provided herein.
As shown in fig. 5, the sensor interface device 200 includes: the interface 1, the interface 2, the interface 3, the interface 4, a first power supply circuit, a first detection circuit, a second power supply circuit, and a third detection circuit, wherein the interface 1, the interface 2, the interface 3, and the interface 4 are used to connect pins of the sensor, the first power supply circuit is configured to supply power to the interface 1, the first detection circuit is configured to detect an electrical signal input from the interface 3, the second detection circuit is configured to detect an electrical signal input from the interface 2, and the second detection circuit is configured to be a ground circuit, the second power supply circuit is configured to supply power to the interface 4, and the third detection circuit is configured to detect an electrical signal input from the interface 4.
In addition to the above features, the present application is not limited to other features of the sensor interface device 200, for example, the interface 1, the interface 2, the interface 3, and the interface 4 may be pin (pin) interfaces, or other types of interfaces; the voltage provided by the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit can be +12V, can also be-12V, and can also be voltage with other values; the first, second and third detection circuits may be detection circuits including an ADC for detecting an electric signal, and the first, second and third detection circuits may be detection circuits including other detection devices.
It should be noted that the sensor interface device 200 may include only one of the second power supply circuit and the third detection circuit.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the sensor interface device 200 provided by the present application in connection with a hall sensor.
Hall sensors are sensors made according to the Hall effect principle, which generate a magnetic field around a current carrying conductor proportional to the current, and which measure this magnetic field. The voltage signal output by the hall sensor is proportional to the current flowing through the hall sensor.
The hall sensor requires three power supply circuits, and the single power supply circuit includes a positive voltage power supply circuit, a negative voltage power supply circuit, and a ground circuit.
As shown in fig. 6, the interface 1, the interface 2, the interface 3, and the interface 4 are respectively connected to four pins of the hall sensor, the first power supply circuit supplies +12V voltage to the interface 1, the second power supply circuit supplies-12V voltage to the interface 4, the ground circuit supplies ground voltage to the interface 2, and the first detection circuit is used for an electrical signal input from the interface 3.
The current I flowing through the hall sensor is proportional to the analog signal Vhall output by the hall sensor, i.e.,
I=k*Vhall,
wherein k is a proportionality coefficient.
I can be deduced by the first detection circuit through Vhall input by the detection interface 3, so that the Hall sensor is supported to finish measurement. The second detection circuit and the third detection circuit can accurately measure the voltage or the current of the power supply circuit, so that the measurement result of the Hall sensor is more accurate.
The sensor interface device 200 may also be connected to other four-pin sensors.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the sensor interface device 200 provided herein connected to a dry-contact output-type sensor.
As shown in fig. 7, four pins of the dry contact output type sensor are respectively connected to four interfaces of the sensor interface device 200, wherein the first power supply circuit provides +12V voltage to the dry contact output type sensor through the interface 1, the ground circuit provides ground voltage to the dry contact output type sensor through the interface 2, the second power supply circuit provides-12V voltage to the dry contact output type sensor through the interface 4, and the first detection circuit collects an electrical signal through the interface 3.
When the dry contact (shown as a switch in fig. 7) of the dry contact output type sensor is opened, the voltage detected by the first detection circuit is 0, when the dry contact of the dry contact output type sensor is closed, the voltage detected by the first detection circuit is the voltage of-12V provided by the second power supply circuit after voltage division is performed on the voltage, and the dry contact state of the dry contact output type sensor can be judged through the change of the voltage value collected by the first detection circuit.
The sensor interface device 200 may further connect the voltage transmitter, the dry contact input sensor and the NTC sensor, and the specific connection manner may be as shown in fig. 2 to fig. 4, which is not described herein again.
Alternatively, the sensor interface device 100 and the sensor interface device 200 may also include other circuit configurations.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a sensor interface device 300 provided herein.
As shown in fig. 8, the sensor interface device 300 includes four interfaces, i.e., interface 1, interface 2, interface 3, and interface 4, in a dual power supply scenario, the interface 1 and the interface 4 may serve as power supply interfaces to provide two power supplies to the sensor (e.g., respectively provide +12V voltage and-12V voltage), and the interface 2 and the interface 3 may serve as measurement interfaces to detect an electrical signal output by the sensor; in a single power supply scene, the interface 1 or the interface 4 may serve as a power supply interface to provide a power supply to the sensor, and the other three interfaces serve as measurement interfaces to detect an electrical signal input by the sensor. R1 to R6 are six resistors.
The first power supply circuit may further comprise a first current limiting protection circuit for limiting the current provided by the first power supply circuit to prevent damage to the sensor due to exceeding the safe operating current of the sensor.
Similarly, the second power supply circuit may also include a second current limiting protection circuit for limiting the current provided by the second power supply circuit so as not to exceed the safe operating current of the sensor and cause damage to the sensor.
The first current-limiting protection circuit and the second current-limiting protection circuit may refer to current-limiting protection circuits in the prior art, and are not described herein again for brevity.
ADC.1 is used for detecting the electric signal input from interface 3, ADC.2 is used for detecting the electric signal input from interface 1 and interface 2, ADC.3 is used for detecting the electric signal input from interface 4, wherein, ADC.1 is also used for detecting the voltage and/or current of the first power supply circuit, ADC.3 is also used for detecting the voltage and/or current of the second power supply circuit, can confirm the voltage and/or current that first power supply circuit and second power supply circuit provided more accurately, thus can make the measuring result of sensor more accurate.
The circuit connected to the interface 3, including 2904 triangle-shaped 2904 type operational amplifier, can amplify the electric signal generated by the sensor, so that the detection result of the first detection circuit is more preciseAnd (8) determining. The clamp circuit connected to R4 is a first clamp circuit configured to limit the input potential of the 2904 type operational amplifier to be less than or equal to a first potential which is the highest potential at which the 2904 type operational amplifier operates safely, so that the operational amplifier can be ensured to operate in a safe potential region. The circuit connected with the grounding circuit is a second clamping circuit, the second clamping circuit is configured to limit the input potential of the ADC.1 to be less than or equal to a second potential, and the second potential is the highest potential for safe operation of the ADC.1, so that the ADC.1 can be ensured to operate in a safe potential area. VbiasThe offset voltage provided by the offset voltage circuit is represented and configured to provide compensation potential for the ADC.1, so that the compensation potential can be provided for the ADC.1 under the condition that the input potential of the ADC.1 is low, the first detection circuit is conducted, and the normal operation of the first detection circuit is ensured.
It should be understood that the sensor interface device 300 shown in fig. 8 is merely exemplary, and that the sensor interface devices provided herein may also include more circuit structures or fewer circuit structures than the sensor interface device 300.
For the embodiment of the sensor interface device 300 supporting different types of sensor operations, reference may be made to the embodiments shown in fig. 2 to 7, and for brevity, the description thereof is omitted here.
The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A sensor interface device, comprising:
the sensor comprises a first interface, a second interface and a third interface, wherein the first interface, the second interface and the third interface are used for connecting pins of a sensor;
a first power supply circuit configured to supply power to the first interface;
a first detection circuit configured to detect an electric signal input from the third interface;
a second detection circuit configured to be connected to the first interface through a resistor, the second detection circuit including a second analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for detecting an electrical signal input from the first interface, the electrical signal input from the first interface including an analog electrical signal input from a sensor, or including an analog electrical signal input from the first power supply circuit, or including an analog electrical signal input from the sensor and an analog electrical signal input from the first power supply circuit,
when the analog electric signal is input into the second analog-to-digital converter ADC through the first interface, the second analog-to-digital converter ADC converts the analog electric signal into a digital electric signal and inputs the digital electric signal into a digital signal processing device;
a ground circuit configured to connect with the second interface.
2. The sensor interface device of claim 1, further comprising:
the fourth interface is used for connecting pins of the sensor;
a second power supply circuit configured to supply power to the fourth interface.
3. The sensor interface device of claim 2, wherein the second power supply circuit comprises:
a second current limiting protection circuit configured to limit a current of the second power supply circuit to be less than or equal to a second current, the second current being a maximum current at which the sensor safely operates.
4. The sensor interface device of claim 3, further comprising:
a third detection circuit configured to detect an electric signal input from the fourth interface, and/or configured to detect a voltage and/or a current of the second power supply circuit.
5. The sensor interface device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the second analog-to-digital converter ADC is connected to the second interface through a resistor, and the second analog-to-digital converter ADC is configured to detect an electrical signal input from the second interface.
6. The sensor interface device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first detection circuit includes:
an operational amplifier configured to amplify an electrical signal input from the third interface;
a first clamp circuit configured to limit an input potential of the operational amplifier to be less than or equal to a first potential which is a highest potential at which the operational amplifier safely operates.
7. The sensor interface device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first detection circuit includes:
a first analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to detect an electrical signal input from the third interface;
a second clamp circuit configured to limit an input potential of the first analog-to-digital converter ADC to be less than or equal to a second potential, which is a highest potential at which the first analog-to-digital converter ADC safely operates.
8. The sensor interface device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first detection circuit includes:
a first analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to detect an electrical signal input from the third interface;
a bias voltage circuit configured to provide a compensation potential to the first analog-to-digital converter ADC.
9. The sensor interface device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first power supply circuit includes:
the current limiting protection circuit is configured to limit the current of the first power supply circuit to be less than or equal to a first current, wherein the first current is the maximum current for safe operation of the sensor.
CN201810687181.8A 2018-06-28 2018-06-28 Sensor interface device Active CN109141495B (en)

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CN112367074A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-12 中船动力研究院有限公司 Single-set interface multifunctional isolation signal processing circuit

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