CN109141488A - A kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation method based on exchange population - Google Patents
A kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation method based on exchange population Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation methods based on exchange population, acquire the spectroscopic data of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor FBG first；Then optimizing is carried out to objective function using particle swarm algorithm；Then position recombination is swapped to the element in optimal solution with commutating operator, and return step S2 re-starts optimization and calculates；Finally when meeting termination condition, the wavelength value of sampling spectrum is demodulated, otherwise repeatedly step S2 and step S3.The present invention, which is solved, demodulates the bad situation of effect because of FBG spectra overlapping.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber grating design field, especially a kind of bragg grating based on exchange population is passed
Sensor overlapped spectra demodulation method.
Background technique
The research hotspot of bragg grating (FBG) sensor technical field of optical fiber sensing recent years, and carry out
The contenders of stress and temperature measurement.They are better than traditional sensor there are many advanced, such as: high sensitivity, anti-electric
Magnetic disturbance, it is corrosion-resistant, avoid earth-return circuit, with roomy and remote control ability etc., including at high temperature to the effective of microstress
Measurement.The appearance of sensor based on grating is all particularly useful to various applications, since Bragg grating is small in size and corrosion resistant
It loses, in the ingredient that can be convenient ground embedding material, the parameters such as detection and measurement load level, stress, temperature and vibration, from
In can with the health status of evaluation structure and tracking building real-time offsets.It is right in the structure of adverse circumstances or ultra-large type
The reliable service ability of quasi-distributed sensor needs increasingly to increase.Multiplexing measurement temperature and stress many industrial circles very
It is important, it further include the application of medical measurement internal temperature such as power plant, bridge monitoring, oil drilling and intelligence system.Stress and temperature exist
Necessary to many other engineering fields is also, especially under harsh environment, including the toxic and high electromagnetism of high temperature and pressure is dry
It disturbs.So the multiplexing technology based on FBG sensor has become the key technology for realizing multimetering and distributed sensing technology
One of.
As mentioned above, the multiplexing capacity of large capacity raster unit to be considered in design grating sensing system
One of critical issue, in the design of FBG sensor-based system, it is that can system that the high-precision demodulation of fiber bragg grating center wavelength, which is asked,
Realize the key accurately measured.For an optical fiber sensing system, the accurate variation for detecting temperature and should manipulating the changes such as ability is returned
Root knot bottom is the small drift for detecting the Bragg wavelength caused by being measured.It is existing for the detection of FBG wavelength amount of movement at present big
The report of amount, thus many scholars both domestic and external also produce very the research of the FBG sensor-based system based on wavelength-division multiplex (WDM)
Big interest.And the spectrum of each grating is required not overlap in wdm system, in the case where light source spectrum width is certain, just limit
The quantity for the grating applied in systems.Multiplex network is the outstanding advantages of FBG.Identifying to the demodulation of multiplexed sensing network is
The a big difficulty for needing to break through at present.The peak-value detection method that wavelength-division multiplex and time-division multiplex technology use limits reusable grating
Quantity, when FBG spectrum overlaps, this method can cause crosstalk and influence demodulation result.The present invention utilizes exchange particle
Group's algorithm carries out demodulation identification to the sensing network that spectral shape multiplexing technology is formed.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor weights based on exchange population
Folded spectrum demodulation method, solves and demodulates the bad situation of effect because of FBG spectra overlapping.
The present invention is realized using following scheme: a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapping light based on exchange population
Compose demodulation method, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: the spectroscopic data of acquisition Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor FBG；
Step S2: optimizing is carried out to objective function using particle swarm algorithm；
Step S3: position recombination is swapped to the element in optimal solution with commutating operator, and return step S2 is again
Optimize calculating；
Step S4: when meeting termination condition, the wavelength value of sampling spectrum is demodulated, otherwise repeatedly step S2 and step
S3。
The present invention is based on the thought of curve matching, it is minimum to establish the demultiplexing based on FBG series demultiplex structure sensor
Change mathematical model, the collected FBG spectrum being overlapped is input in demodulating system by spectrometer, runs particle swarm algorithm pair
Objective function carries out optimizing.The advantages of basic PSO algorithm is quickly to restrain to optimal solution, Rapid Circulation to maximum instead of
Afterwards, most there is individual to carry out objective function calculating by commutating operator for what is sought, relatively acquire optimal solution later, then random initial
Change population, the one of particle individual of this optimal solution replacement population is sought obtaining optimum individual, solved after recycling several times
The bad situation of effect is demodulated because of FBG spectra overlapping.
Preferably, the reflectance spectrum of bragg grating is a narrow-band spectrum, the central wavelength of spike is referred to as
Bragg wavelengthsB.Bragg wavelengthsBEffective refractive index D depending on fiber gratingeffAnd grating period A.Work as fiber grating
When being influenced by stress or temperature, effective refractive index neffDifferent degrees of change can occur with grating period A, to cause cloth
Glug wavelength XBDrift.As long as measuring the value that this wave length shift measures sensing parameter indirectly.It is any to make to have
Imitate refractive index neffThe physical process to change with grating period A will all cause the drift of grating Bragg wavelength, optical fiber light
A series of Application in Sensing of grid are based on the design of this physical principle.In all fiber grating Bragg wavelength drifts of causing
Most be directly stress and temperature parameters in extraneous factor, the relationship of the two parameters and Bragg wavelength drift be it is linear,
And it acts on simultaneously.Its sensing equation can be expressed as follows:
In formula, ε is the variation of stress, and Δ T is the variation of temperature, KεIt is strain sensitive coefficient, KTIt is temperature-sensitivity coefficient.
Make a concrete analysis of and derive on this basis all kinds of Application in Sensing principles.
By taking two FBG as an example, angle is reconstructed from the parameter of reflectance spectrum, data structure will be collected from spectroanalysis instrument
Make sampling spectrum structure R (λ), the construction spectrum R obtained according to Fibre Optical Sensor principlev(λ,s1,s2), wavelength detecting problem is switched to
Solution formula D (s1,s2) function optimization model, and provide measured value with the method for Mathematical Fitting.
R (λ)=R1g1(λ1-λB1)+R2g2(λ-λB2)+N(λ)；
Rv(λ,s1,s2)=R1g1(λ-s1)+R2g2(λ-s2)；
In formula, λB1With λB2Respectively indicate the initial bragg wavelength of FBG1 and FBG2；And if only if s1=λB1,s2=λB2
When, D (s1,s2) minimum value 0 is got, sampling spectrum and the fitting for reconstructing spectrum are substantially completely overlapped, and sampling spectrum can be obtained
Wavelength value realizes the purpose of demodulation, D (s1,s2) optimization mathematics of the formula as solution FBG sensing network bragg wavelength problem
Model.
Thus in the present invention, the Optimized model of n-FBG sensing network is indicated are as follows:
λmin≤s1,s2,...,sn≤λmax；
Further, step S1 specifically: the temperature or ambient stress for changing FBG system, so that the grating Bradley of FBG
The reflectance spectrum of lattice wave length shift, FBG enters spectrum sample equipment by 3dB photo-coupler, and acquired sampled data transfers to electricity
Brain carries out data processing, obtains sampling spectrum R (λ).
Further, the spectrum sample equipment includes spectrometer.
Further, step S2 specifically: mathematical model is optimized with population, obtains minimum value, and export
Demodulate optimal solution X (s1,s2,...,sn), the objective function that mathematical model uses are as follows:
In formula, Rv(λ,s1,s2,...,sn)=R1g1(λ-s1)+R2g2(λ-s2)+...+Rngn(λ-sn)；Wherein, snIt indicates
Theoretical spectral wavelength, RnIndicate reflection peak, gnThe mathematical model of representation theory spectrum, λ indicate the value range of wavelength.
Further, step S3 specifically: with commutating operator to optimal solution X (s1,s2,...,sn) in element carry out
Position recombination is exchanged, n is obtained！Individual, by n！Individual is brought into objective function, and finds out minimum value therein, is obtained most
Excellent solution X'(s1',s2',...,sn'), and return step S2, by optimal solution X'(s1',s2',...,sn') replacement target population
An individual.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention overcomes want in conventional peak detection technique
The shortcomings that seeking the bandwidth of each FBG must cannot overlap each other.And the present invention is very big while greatly improving arithmetic speed
Increase to degree the quantity of reusable grating.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the bragg grating demodulating system schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the method flow schematic diagram 1 of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the method flow schematic diagram 2 of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sampling spectrogram of the overlapping of 2 FBG of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the spectrum mispairing figure of 2 FBG of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of bragg grating biography based on exchange population is present embodiments provided
Sensor overlapped spectra demodulation method, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: the spectroscopic data of acquisition Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor FBG；
Step S2: optimizing is carried out to objective function using particle swarm algorithm；
Step S3: position recombination is swapped to the element in optimal solution with commutating operator, and return step S2 is again
Optimize calculating；
Step S4: when meeting termination condition, the wavelength value of sampling spectrum is demodulated, otherwise repeatedly step S2 and step
S3。
Thought of the present embodiment based on curve matching establishes the demultiplexing based on FBG series demultiplex structure sensor most
The collected FBG spectrum being overlapped is input in demodulating system by smallization mathematical model by spectrometer, runs particle swarm algorithm
Optimizing is carried out to objective function.The advantages of basic PSO algorithm is quickly to restrain to optimal solution, in Rapid Circulation to maximum generation
Later, most there is individual to carry out objective function calculating by commutating operator for what is sought, relatively acquire optimal solution later, then random first
The one of particle individual of this optimal solution replacement population is sought obtaining optimum individual after recycling several times, solved by beginningization population
Because of FBG spectra overlapping demodulate the bad situation of effect.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the reflectance spectrum of bragg grating is a narrow-band spectrum, in spike
Cardiac wave is long to be referred to as bragg wavelengthsB.Bragg wavelengthsBEffective refractive index D depending on fiber gratingeffAnd screen periods
Λ.When fiber grating is influenced by stress or temperature, effective refractive index neffDifferent degrees of change can occur with grating period A
Become, to cause bragg wavelengthsBDrift.As long as measure this wave length shift measures sensing parameter indirectly
Value.It is any to make effective refractive index neffThe physical process to change with grating period A will all cause grating Bragg wavelength
Drift, a series of Application in Sensing of fiber grating be based on this physical principle design.Cause fiber grating cloth all
It is most directly stress and temperature parameters in the extraneous factor of glug wave length shift, the two parameters and Bragg wavelength drift
Relationship be linear, and act on simultaneously.Its sensing equation can be expressed as follows:
In formula, ε is the variation of stress, and Δ T is the variation of temperature, KεIt is strain sensitive coefficient, KTIt is temperature-sensitivity coefficient.
Make a concrete analysis of and derive on this basis all kinds of Application in Sensing principles.
By taking two FBG as an example, angle is reconstructed from the parameter of reflectance spectrum, data structure will be collected from spectroanalysis instrument
Make sampling spectrum structure R (λ), the construction spectrum R obtained according to Fibre Optical Sensor principlev(λ,s1,s2), wavelength detecting problem is switched to
Solution formula D (s1,s2) function optimization model, and provide measured value with the method for Mathematical Fitting.
R (λ)=R1g1(λ1-λB1)+R2g2(λ-λB2)+N(λ)；
Rv(λ,s1,s2)=R1g1(λ-s1)+R2g2(λ-s2)；
In formula, λB1With λB2Respectively indicate the initial bragg wavelength of FBG1 and FBG2；And if only if s1=λB1,s2=λB2
When, D (s1,s2) minimum value 0 is got, sampling spectrum and the fitting for reconstructing spectrum are substantially completely overlapped, and sampling spectrum can be obtained
Wavelength value realizes the purpose of demodulation, D (s1,s2) optimization mathematics of the formula as solution FBG sensing network bragg wavelength problem
Model.
Thus in the present invention, the Optimized model of n-FBG sensing network is indicated are as follows:
λmin≤s1,s2,...,sn≤λmax；
In the present embodiment, step S1 specifically: the temperature or ambient stress for changing FBG system, so that the grating of FBG
The reflectance spectrum of Bragg wavelength drift, FBG enters spectrum sample equipment by 3dB photo-coupler, and acquired sampled data is handed over
Data processing is carried out by computer, obtains sampling spectrum R (λ).
In the present embodiment, the spectrum sample equipment includes spectrometer.
In the present embodiment, step S2 specifically: mathematical model is optimized with population, obtains minimum value, and
Output demodulation optimal solution X (s1,s2,...,sn), the objective function that mathematical model uses are as follows:
In formula, Rv(λ,s1,s2,...,sn)=R1g1(λ-s1)+R2g2(λ-s2)+...+Rngn(λ-sn)；Wherein, snIt indicates
Theoretical spectral wavelength, RnIndicate reflection peak, gnThe mathematical model of representation theory spectrum, λ indicate the value range of wavelength.
In the present embodiment, step S3 specifically: with commutating operator to optimal solution X (s1,s2,...,sn) in element
Position recombination is swapped, n is obtained！Individual, by n！Individual is brought into objective function, and finds out minimum value therein, is obtained
To optimal solution X'(s1',s2',...,sn'), and return step S2, by optimal solution X'(s1',s2',...,sn') replacement target species
The individual of group.
In the present embodiment, by taking the sensing network of 2 FBG composition as an example, change the temperature of FBG system, obtain such as Fig. 4 institute
The sampling spectrum for the overlapping shown carries out optimizing with population, and target-seeking result will appear mispairing situation as shown in figure 5, passing through friendship
Conversion avoids the occurrence of such case, and optimizing result improves, and the demodulation performance of system improves.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation method based on exchange population, it is characterised in that: packet
Include following steps:
Step S1: the spectroscopic data of acquisition Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor FBG；
Step S2: optimizing is carried out to objective function using particle swarm algorithm；
Step S3: position recombination is swapped to the element in optimal solution with commutating operator, and return step S2 is re-started
Optimization calculates；
Step S4: when meeting termination condition, demodulating the wavelength value of sampling spectrum, otherwise repeatedly step S2 and step S3.
2. a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation based on exchange population according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: step S1 specifically: the temperature or ambient stress for changing FBG system, so that the grating Bradley of FBG
The reflectance spectrum of lattice wave length shift, FBG enters spectrum sample equipment by 3dB photo-coupler, and acquired sampled data transfers to electricity
Brain carries out data processing, obtains sampling spectrum R (λ).
3. a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation based on exchange population according to claim 2
Method, it is characterised in that: the spectrum sample equipment includes spectrometer.
4. a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation based on exchange population according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: step S2 specifically: mathematical model is optimized with population, obtains minimum value, and export solution
Adjust optimal solution X (s1,s2,...,sn), the objective function that mathematical model uses are as follows:
In formula, Rv(λ,s1,s2,...,sn)=R1g1(λ-s1)+R2g2(λ-s2)+...+Rngn(λ-sn)；Wherein, snRepresentation theory
Spectral wavelength, RnIndicate reflection peak, gnThe mathematical model of representation theory spectrum, λ indicate the value range of wavelength.
5. a kind of Bragg optical-fiber grating sensor overlapped spectra demodulation based on exchange population according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: step S3 specifically: with commutating operator to optimal solution X (s1,s2,...,sn) in element handed over
Change place recombination, obtains n！Individual, by n！Individual is brought into objective function, and finds out minimum value therein, is obtained optimal
Solve X'(s1',s2',...,sn'), and return step S2, by optimal solution X'(s1',s2',...,sn') replace the one of target population
Individual.
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| CN110864642A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Fiber grating strain distribution reconstruction method based on dynamic self-adaptive particle swarm optimization |
| CN113945362A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-18 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司亳州供电公司 | Optical fiber testing system for optimizing light source for power station |
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| CN118329089B (en) * | 2024-04-22 | 2024-10-18 | 天津大学 | Fiber bragg grating aliasing signal processing method and system based on reflectivity difference |
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| CN109489699A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-19 | 福州大学 | A kind of fiber grating distortion spectrum demodulation method |
| CN109489699B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-06-29 | 福州大学 | Fiber grating distortion spectrum demodulation method |
| CN110324081A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-11 | 福州大学 | The fiber Bragg grating sensor Fault Locating Method of distributed multi-node collaborative |
| CN110324081B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2022-08-05 | 福州大学 | Distributed multi-node cooperative fiber Bragg grating sensor fault positioning method |
| CN110864642A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Fiber grating strain distribution reconstruction method based on dynamic self-adaptive particle swarm optimization |
| CN110864642B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-07-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Fiber grating strain distribution reconstruction method based on dynamic self-adaptive particle swarm optimization |
| CN113945362A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-01-18 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司亳州供电公司 | Optical fiber testing system for optimizing light source for power station |
| CN114584252A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-06-03 | 暨南大学 | Micro-ring resonance wavelength searching method combined with particle swarm optimization |
| CN114584252B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2023-09-19 | 暨南大学 | Micro-ring resonance wavelength searching method combined with particle swarm algorithm |
| CN118329089A (en) * | 2024-04-22 | 2024-07-12 | 天津大学 | Fiber bragg grating aliasing signal processing method and system based on reflectivity difference |
| CN118329089B (en) * | 2024-04-22 | 2024-10-18 | 天津大学 | Fiber bragg grating aliasing signal processing method and system based on reflectivity difference |
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