CN109139583B - Hydraulic control system for forklift - Google Patents

Hydraulic control system for forklift Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109139583B
CN109139583B CN201811239648.9A CN201811239648A CN109139583B CN 109139583 B CN109139583 B CN 109139583B CN 201811239648 A CN201811239648 A CN 201811239648A CN 109139583 B CN109139583 B CN 109139583B
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China
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valve
oil
electromagnetic directional
hydraulic control
electromagnetic
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CN201811239648.9A
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CN109139583A (en
Inventor
李俊
王亮
黄奎荣
许小涛
朱浩
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Henan Yuanfa Special Vehicle Group Co ltd
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Henan Yuanfa Special Vehicle Group Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02Installations or systems with accumulators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The hydraulic control system for the forklift comprises an oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a first electromagnetic directional valve, a second electromagnetic directional valve, a first speed regulating valve, a second speed regulating valve, a hydraulic control one-way valve, a third electric contact pressure gauge and an amplitude cylinder, wherein an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with an oil inlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve, an oil return port of the first electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the oil tank, a first oil outlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve is connected with an oil inlet of the first speed regulating valve, a second oil outlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve is connected with a rod cavity of the amplitude cylinder, an oil outlet of the first speed regulating valve and an oil inlet of the second electromagnetic directional valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet of the second speed regulating valve, and an oil outlet of the second electromagnetic directional valve and an oil outlet of the second speed regulating valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve. The hydraulic control one-way valve is adopted for pressure maintaining, and when the amplitude-variable oil cylinder is motionless, the hydraulic control one-way valve stabilizes the pressure, so that the amplitude-variable oil cylinder is prevented from slowly falling due to the weight of the parts such as the arm support, the inserting mechanism and the like of the fork loader and cargoes.

Description

Hydraulic control system for forklift
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fork installing machines, in particular to a hydraulic control system for a fork installing machine.
Background
The forklift has the functions of inserting and transporting goods, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources, and is widely applied. The fork loader comprises a cantilever crane, a plugging mechanism, a luffing cylinder and other parts, the luffing cylinder is used for driving the cantilever crane to lift and further driving the plugging mechanism to lift, the rodless connection one-way sequence valve is generally used for a hydraulic cylinder at present to avoid the hydraulic cylinder from automatically falling down due to dead weight and the weight of the parts connected with the hydraulic cylinder, but the method is suitable for occasions with low weight of the hydraulic cylinder and the parts connected with the hydraulic cylinder, the cantilever crane, the plugging mechanism and other parts have large weight, the rodless cavity of the luffing cylinder is connected with the one-way sequence valve, and slow falling of the luffing cylinder due to the weight of the cantilever crane, the plugging mechanism and other parts and cargoes is difficult to be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the hydraulic control system for the forklift solves the technical problem that an amplitude variable oil cylinder of the forklift slowly drops due to the weight of components such as an arm support and a plugging mechanism of the forklift and cargoes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The hydraulic control system for the forklift comprises an oil tank, a hydraulic pump, a first electromagnetic reversing valve, a second electromagnetic reversing valve, a first speed regulating valve, a second speed regulating valve, a hydraulic control one-way valve, a third electric contact pressure gauge and a luffing cylinder, wherein an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with an oil inlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve, an oil return port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil tank, a first oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil inlet of the first speed regulating valve, a second oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a rod cavity of the luffing cylinder, an oil outlet of the first speed regulating valve and an oil inlet of the second electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet of the second speed regulating valve, an oil outlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with a non-rod cavity of the luffing cylinder, a hydraulic control port of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with a rod cavity of the luffing cylinder, and the third electric contact pressure gauge is arranged on the luffing cylinder.
The hydraulic control system for the forklift also comprises a third electromagnetic directional valve, a fourth electromagnetic directional valve, a fifth electromagnetic directional valve, a sixth electromagnetic directional valve, a seventh electromagnetic directional valve, a first energy accumulator, a second energy accumulator, a first electric contact pressure gauge and a second electric contact pressure gauge, wherein the third electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between an oil return port of the first electromagnetic directional valve and an oil tank, the first energy accumulator is connected with a rod cavity of the luffing cylinder, and the first electric contact pressure gauge and the sixth electromagnetic directional valve are sequentially arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first energy accumulator and the luffing cylinder; the second energy accumulator is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve, and the second electric contact pressure gauge and the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the second energy accumulator and the hydraulic control one-way valve; an oil inlet of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the first energy accumulator, and an oil outlet of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve; an oil inlet of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the second energy accumulator, and an oil outlet of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a rod cavity of the amplitude variable oil cylinder.
A connecting pipeline of the hydraulic pump and the first electromagnetic directional valve is provided with a first one-way valve, an oil inlet of the first one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic pump, and an oil outlet of the first one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve; an oil outlet of the first one-way valve is connected with a safety valve, and an oil discharge port of the safety valve is connected with an oil tank.
The first electromagnetic reversing valve is a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the second electromagnetic reversing valve, the third electromagnetic reversing valve, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve and the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve are two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valves.
The hydraulic control one-way valve is adopted for pressure maintaining, when the amplitude-variable oil cylinder is motionless, the hydraulic control one-way valve stabilizes the pressure, so that the amplitude-variable oil cylinder is prevented from slowly falling due to the weight of a cantilever crane, a plug-in mechanism and other parts of the fork loader and goods, the third electric contact pressure gauge is used for detecting the pressure of a rodless cavity of the amplitude-variable oil cylinder, the first speed regulating valve is connected with the second speed regulating valve in series, and the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in parallel at the first speed regulating valve for realizing balance switching of the two speeds, so that the hydraulic control one-way valve is suitable for plug-in loading goods with different weights of the fork loader, and enables the plug-in loading to be carried out stably and improves the working efficiency; the first energy accumulator and the second energy accumulator are both used for storing energy, and when the forklift is in load running and the road condition is poor, the first energy accumulator and the second energy accumulator respectively supplement hydraulic oil for the rodless cavity of the luffing cylinder and the rod cavity of the luffing cylinder, so that the vibration of the luffing cylinder is reduced; the first electric contact pressure gauge is used for detecting the pressure of the first energy accumulator, and the second electric contact pressure gauge is used for detecting the pressure of the second energy accumulator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic control system for the forklift comprises an oil tank 1, a hydraulic pump 2, a first electromagnetic directional valve 6, a second electromagnetic directional valve 19, a first speed regulating valve 7, a second speed regulating valve 9, a hydraulic control one-way valve 13, a third electric contact pressure gauge 14 and an amplitude changing oil cylinder 15, wherein the flow rate controlled by the first speed regulating valve 7 is larger than that of the second speed regulating valve 9, the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 2 is connected with the oil inlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6, the oil return port of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 is connected with the oil tank 1, the first oil outlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 is connected with the oil inlet of the first speed regulating valve 7, the second oil outlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 is connected with the rod cavity of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15, the oil outlet of the first speed regulating valve 7 and the oil inlet of the second electromagnetic directional valve 19 are respectively connected with the oil inlet of the second speed regulating valve 9, the oil outlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve 13 is connected with the rodless cavity of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15, the joint of the hydraulic control one-way valve 13 and the hydraulic control one-way valve 13 is connected with the hydraulic control one-way valve 15 on the amplitude changing oil channel 15, and the hydraulic control one-way valve 13 is connected with the hydraulic control one-way valve 14 and the amplitude changing oil channel 15.
The hydraulic control system for the forklift also comprises a third electromagnetic directional valve 5, a fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8, a fifth electromagnetic directional valve 11, a sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20, a seventh electromagnetic directional valve 17, a first energy accumulator 12, a second energy accumulator 16, a first electric contact pressure gauge 10 and a second electric contact pressure gauge 18, wherein the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between an oil return port of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 and the oil tank 1, the first energy accumulator 12 is connected with a rod cavity of the luffing cylinder 15, and the first electric contact pressure gauge 10 and the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20 are sequentially arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first energy accumulator 12 and the luffing cylinder 15; the second energy accumulator 16 is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve 13, and the second electric contact pressure gauge 18 and the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8 are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the second energy accumulator 16 and the hydraulic control one-way valve 13; an oil inlet of the fifth electromagnetic directional valve 11 is connected with the first energy accumulator 12, and an oil outlet of the fifth electromagnetic directional valve 11 is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve 13; an oil inlet of the seventh electromagnetic directional valve 17 is connected with the second energy accumulator 16, and an oil outlet of the seventh electromagnetic directional valve 17 is connected with a rod cavity of the amplitude cylinder 15.
A first one-way valve 3 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the hydraulic pump 2 and the first electromagnetic directional valve 6, an oil inlet of the first one-way valve 3 is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic pump 2, an oil outlet of the first one-way valve 3 is connected with an oil inlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6, and the first one-way valve 3 has the function of preventing the hydraulic oil of the system from flowing backwards; an oil outlet of the first one-way valve 3 is connected with a safety valve 4, an oil discharge port of the safety valve 4 is connected with the oil tank 1, and the safety valve 4 plays a role in protecting against damage to hydraulic elements due to overhigh system pressure.
The first electromagnetic directional valve 6 is a three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve, and the second electromagnetic directional valve 19, the third electromagnetic directional valve 5, the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8, the fifth electromagnetic directional valve 11, the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20 and the seventh electromagnetic directional valve 17 are two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valves.
According to the invention, the hydraulic control one-way valve 13 is adopted for pressure maintaining, and when the amplitude variation oil cylinder 15 is not moving, the hydraulic control one-way valve 13 stabilizes the pressure, so that the amplitude variation oil cylinder 15 is prevented from slowly falling down due to the weight of the arm support, the inserting mechanism and other parts of the fork loader and cargoes. The fork loader uses the working principle of the hydraulic control system to provide power for the hydraulic pump 2, the hydraulic pump 2 pumps hydraulic oil in the oil tank 1, when the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15 ascends, the left position of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 is electrified, the hydraulic oil is switched to the left position to work, hydraulic oil flows from the first one-way valve 3 to the first electromagnetic directional valve 6, hydraulic oil flows out from the first oil outlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6, when the inserted goods are heavy, the right position of the second electromagnetic directional valve 19 is powered off, the second electromagnetic directional valve 19 is switched to the left position to work, the second electromagnetic directional valve 19 is disconnected, the second speed regulating valve 9 controls the flow rate of the hydraulic oil entering the no-rod cavity of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15, the flow rate is small, the speed is slow, the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulically-controlled one-way valve 13 from the second speed regulating valve 9 and then enters the no-rod cavity of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15, the hydraulic rod of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15 is driven to stretch out, so that the insertion mechanism is stably carried out, when the inserted goods are light, the right position of the second electromagnetic directional valve 19 is electrified, the second electromagnetic directional valve 19 is switched on, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil entering the no-rod cavity of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15 is controlled by the first speed regulating valve 7, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil entering the no-rod cavity 15 is controlled by the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15, the amplitude changing valve is controlled by the speed, the speed is fast, the amplitude changing oil 15 is then the working efficiency is smoothly is improved, and the amplitude changing the amplitude of the amplitude changing oil; the right position of the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20 is electrified and is switched to the right position of the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20 to work, the right position of the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is powered off and is switched to the left position of the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20 to work, the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is powered off, hydraulic oil with a rod cavity of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15 enters the first energy accumulator 12 through the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20, the first electric contact pressure gauge 10 timely detects the pressure of the first energy accumulator 12, when the upper limit value of the first energy accumulator 12 is reached, the right position of the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20 is powered off and is switched to the left position of the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 20 to work, the right position of the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is electrified and is switched to the right position of the sixth electromagnetic directional valve 5 to work, the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is powered on, and the hydraulic oil with the rod cavity of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 15 flows back to the oil tank 1 through the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 and the third electromagnetic directional valve 5; when the amplitude-variable oil cylinder 15 descends, the right position of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 is electrified and is switched to work at the right position, hydraulic oil flows from the first one-way valve 3 to the first electromagnetic directional valve 6, hydraulic oil flows out from the second oil outlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve 6 and enters a rod cavity of the amplitude-variable oil cylinder 15, meanwhile hydraulic oil enters from a hydraulic control port of the hydraulic control one-way valve 13, the hydraulic control one-way valve 13 is controlled to be conducted, hydraulic oil of a rodless cavity of the amplitude-variable oil cylinder 15 flows out from the hydraulic control one-way valve 13, the left position of the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8 is electrified, the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8 is connected, the right position of the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is electrified and is switched to work at the left position thereof, the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is disconnected, hydraulic oil of the amplitude-variable oil cylinder 15 flows to the second energy accumulator 16 through the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8, the second electric contact pressure gauge 18 is used for detecting the pressure of the second energy accumulator 16, when the upper limit value of the second electric contact pressure gauge 18 is reached, the left position of the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8 is electrified, the fourth electromagnetic directional valve 8 is disconnected, the right position of the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 is electrified, the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 flows back to the first electromagnetic directional valve 5, the third electromagnetic directional valve 5 and the working fluid 5 is electrified, the first electromagnetic directional valve 7 and the second electromagnetic directional valve 7 are orderly, and the electromagnetic directional valve 7 are electrified; when the forklift load is running, the left position of the fifth electromagnetic directional valve 11 is powered on, the fifth electromagnetic directional valve 11 is conducted, the right position of the seventh electromagnetic directional valve 17 is powered on, the seventh electromagnetic directional valve 17 is conducted, road jolting is met, when the luffing cylinder 15 has a descending trend, hydraulic oil in a rodless cavity of the luffing cylinder 15 has small leakage, hydraulic oil in the second energy accumulator 16 is timely supplemented to the rod cavity of the luffing cylinder 15, when the luffing cylinder 15 has an ascending trend, hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the luffing cylinder 15 has small leakage, hydraulic oil in the first energy accumulator 12 is timely supplemented to the rodless cavity of the luffing cylinder 15, and the effects of shock absorption and buffering are achieved.
The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the present invention do not have any special meaning, but merely for convenience of distinction, and the related hydraulic components are connected through hydraulic pipes.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and not limiting, and any simple modifications of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic control system for fork installation, includes oil tank, hydraulic pump, first electromagnetic reversing valve, second electromagnetic reversing valve, first governing valve, second governing valve, hydraulically controlled check valve, third electric contact manometer and luffing cylinder, its characterized in that: an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump is connected with an oil inlet of a first electromagnetic reversing valve, an oil return port of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil tank, a first oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil inlet of a first speed regulating valve, a second oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a rod cavity of the amplitude cylinder, an oil outlet of the first speed regulating valve and an oil inlet of the second electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet of a second speed regulating valve, an oil outlet of the second electromagnetic reversing valve and an oil outlet of the second speed regulating valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet of a hydraulic control one-way valve, an oil outlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with a rodless cavity of the amplitude cylinder, a hydraulic control port of the hydraulic control one-way valve is connected with the rod cavity of the amplitude cylinder, and a third electric contact pressure gauge is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the hydraulic control one-way valve and the rodless cavity of the amplitude cylinder; the hydraulic control system for the forklift also comprises a third electromagnetic directional valve, a fourth electromagnetic directional valve, a fifth electromagnetic directional valve, a sixth electromagnetic directional valve, a seventh electromagnetic directional valve, a first energy accumulator, a second energy accumulator, a first electric contact pressure gauge and a second electric contact pressure gauge, wherein the third electromagnetic directional valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of an oil return port of the first electromagnetic directional valve and an oil tank, the first energy accumulator is connected with a rod cavity of the luffing cylinder, and the first electric contact pressure gauge and the sixth electromagnetic directional valve are sequentially arranged on a connecting pipeline of the first energy accumulator and the luffing cylinder; the second energy accumulator is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve, and the second electric contact pressure gauge and the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the second energy accumulator and the hydraulic control one-way valve; an oil inlet of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the first energy accumulator, and an oil outlet of the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic control one-way valve; an oil inlet of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the second energy accumulator, and an oil outlet of the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a rod cavity of the amplitude variable oil cylinder.
2. The hydraulic control system for a forklift as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a connecting pipeline of the hydraulic pump and the first electromagnetic directional valve is provided with a first one-way valve, an oil inlet of the first one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic pump, and an oil outlet of the first one-way valve is connected with an oil inlet of the first electromagnetic directional valve; an oil outlet of the first one-way valve is connected with a safety valve, and an oil discharge port of the safety valve is connected with an oil tank.
3. The hydraulic control system for a forklift as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the first electromagnetic reversing valve is a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the second electromagnetic reversing valve, the third electromagnetic reversing valve, the fourth electromagnetic reversing valve, the fifth electromagnetic reversing valve, the sixth electromagnetic reversing valve and the seventh electromagnetic reversing valve are two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valves.
CN201811239648.9A 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 Hydraulic control system for forklift Active CN109139583B (en)

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CN201811239648.9A CN109139583B (en) 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 Hydraulic control system for forklift

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN109139583B true CN109139583B (en) 2024-05-17

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CN201923203U (en) * 2010-12-01 2011-08-10 泸州长起特种起重设备有限公司 Hydraulic steering and brake circuit for two-bridge engineering machinery
KR20120085623A (en) * 2011-01-24 2012-08-01 두산인프라코어 주식회사 hydraulic circuit of using recycling energy
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CN104071709A (en) * 2014-07-18 2014-10-01 徐州重型机械有限公司 Fixed fly jib stepless amplitude-variation control system for crane and crane
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CN208831356U (en) * 2018-10-23 2019-05-07 河南垣发专用车辆集团有限公司 A kind of forklift hydraulic control system

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