CN109138907A - Underground complex vibration cementing unit - Google Patents

Underground complex vibration cementing unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109138907A
CN109138907A CN201811199495.XA CN201811199495A CN109138907A CN 109138907 A CN109138907 A CN 109138907A CN 201811199495 A CN201811199495 A CN 201811199495A CN 109138907 A CN109138907 A CN 109138907A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
valve
central axis
flowing hole
complex vibration
cementing unit
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Pending
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CN201811199495.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王成文
杨乐
夏冬
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Application filed by China University of Petroleum East China filed Critical China University of Petroleum East China
Priority to CN201811199495.XA priority Critical patent/CN109138907A/en
Publication of CN109138907A publication Critical patent/CN109138907A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B28/00Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to underground complex vibration cementing unit, including outer housing, determine valve, dynamic valve, central axis, turbine, eccentric module and lower valve;Determine valve and lower valve is fixed inside outer housing, determines valve and be provided with to determine valve flowing hole, lower valve is provided with flowing hole;Central axis setting is being determined between valve and lower valve, and vertical with the center of lower valve is rotatablely connected;Dynamic valve is fixed at the top of central axis, and dynamic valve is provided with dynamic valve flowing hole;Turbine and eccentric module are fixedly connected with central axis.The present invention can generate axially and radially complex vibration, better effect of cementing the well, and pressure drop is low, structure is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, safe and reliable etc..

Description

Underground complex vibration cementing unit
Technical field
The invention belongs to underground complex vibration cementing units to relate generally to oil and gas well drilling, CBM Drilling, geology The industry fields such as exploration, mine probing.
Background technique
During oil and gas well drilling, geological prospecting, mine are drilled, after the completion of drillng operation, in order to ensure The stability of wellbore, it is necessary to tripping in casing string, and inject cement slurry in the annular space between casing string and the borehole wall, when theing cement solidifies Afterwards, it will be able to which casing string is fixed in the wellbore, this process is referred to as to cement the well.Conventional cementing method is mainly first by casing string Then G.I.H injects cement slurry out of casing string, cement slurry flows out after reaching casing string bottom, passes through casing string and well Ground is returned on annular space between wall, and the mud between casing string and the borehole wall is replaced into out wellbore at the same time, finally waits water Mud solidification, completes well cementing operation.Since the borehole wall is irregular, casing string is not the shadow of factors completely placed in the middle etc. in the wellbore It rings, not only reduces the upward velocity of cement slurry, but also also reduce the effect that cement slurry replaces mud, cause casing string and the borehole wall Between annular clearance there are part mud to replace, influence cementing quality.Research shows injecting with field practice both at home and abroad During cement slurry, if casing string can be vibrated or be rotated, it will be able to improve the flow behavior of cement slurry, to substantially mention Height replaces the efficiency of mud, enables cement slurry well into the annular clearance between casing string and the borehole wall, further increases Cementing quality, main method are divided into two kinds, and one is casing string rotary process, this method is benefit while injecting cement slurry It is rotated with ground mechanical energy actuating sleeve tubing string, flowing of the cement slurry between casing string and the borehole wall in annular space can be effectively improved Property, it obtains optimal mud and replaces effect, live using effect highly significant, cementing quality is higher, but use cost is high, energy consumption Greatly, technical requirements are high, limit use scope;Another kind is to install vibration generating arrangement in casing string bottom, utilizes cement It generates vibration to the flow driving of slurry, and vibration wave is propagated along casing string, and then cement slurry is caused to vibrate, and reaching improves cement slurry stream Dynamic characteristic, the purpose for improving mud replacement efficiency, field application also achieve certain effect.But existing vibration both at home and abroad occurs Device mainly generates radial vibration, i.e., eccentric module rotation when cement slurry flows inside driving vibration generating arrangement, due to Mass eccentricity make vibration generating arrangement generate radial vibration, not only vibrational energy is lower for this vibration mode, and propagate away from From limited, the technical requirements of scene well cementation cannot be fully met.
With being continuously increased for oil gas well depth, formation condition is more complicated and changeable, complex structural well quantity increases, casing Column length also increases as, and in order to ensure the Efficient Development of Deep Oil And Gas Exploration resource, cementing quality is required also therewith increasingly It is high.Relatively fewer for the device research for improving cementing quality both at home and abroad, foreign technology is relatively advanced, but use cost is high, The relatively external gap of domestic technique is larger, is not able to satisfy the requirement of deep-well, ultradeep well, complex structural well cementing technology.
In addition, also there are many patent documents to report about cementing unit, and such as: Chinese patent document CN108590572A is public A kind of negative pulse pressure wave generator has been opened, a kind of cementing unit containing negative pulse pressure wave generator is additionally provided.Occur Device includes pedestal, pressure wave generating mechanism and the first outer cylinder, and pedestal is equipped with power part, and power part and pressure wave generating mechanism connect It connects, the first outer cylinder is set on the outside of power part and pressure wave generating mechanism and is fixedly connected with pedestal;Pressure wave generating mechanism with Sealing element is equipped between first outer cylinder;Pressure wave generating mechanism includes top cover, bottom plate and the second outer cylinder, outside top cover, bottom plate and second Cylinder three seals to form a pneumatics cabin, and the second outer tube side wall is equipped with first through hole and sealing axis, and sealing axis is close by first through hole Envelope;Power part can driving pressure wave generating mechanism be axially moved along the first outer cylinder, when pneumatics freight space is outside the first outer cylinder, In pneumatics cabin under the action of internal and external pressure difference, sealing axis can be moved into the second outer cylinder, to open pneumatics cabin.Chinese patent File CN207660572U discloses a kind of mechanical vibration cementing tool, including is rushed shell, vibration hammer, opens vibration body, transmission Axis, turbine motor, spring interstage sleeve, elastic element and idler wheel.Turbine motor opens vibration body rotation by transmission shaft driving, opens in vibration body The cam pair at end pushes vibration to hammer axially reciprocating into shape, vibration hammer is simultaneously by elastic element pressure and water attack section by idler wheel Flowing pressure, when cam pair pushes vibration hammer to move upwards, energy accumulation is hammered in vibration into shape, in cam paramutation, vibration hammer release Energy impacts downwards shell, and impact generation energy is big, and propagation distance is remote, can effectively improve cement replacement efficiency and well cementation matter Amount, can be used for straight well, extended reach well, directional well and horizontal well vibration cementing, and apparatus structure is simple, and operating is reliable, construction risk It is small.
But above-mentioned cementing unit is only capable of vibrating in one direction, and complex vibration can not occur, and influences effect of cementing the well. Therefore, it is badly in need of developing a kind of casing string vibration generating arrangement, under the premise of not changing existing well shaft fixing technology, generates axial direction and diameter To complex vibration, while also having the characteristics that lower, of simple structure and low cost, the easy to maintain underground complex vibration of pressure drop Cementing unit.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, in order to further increase the cementing quality of deep-well, ultradeep well, complex structural well, Under the premise of not changing domestic existing well shaft fixing technology and relevant equipment, casing string axial direction and diameter can be converted by surging for cement slurry To complex vibration, and then cement slurry is caused to resonate, promotes lex primaria of the cement slurry between casing string and the borehole wall in annular space;This Invention provides underground complex vibration cementing unit, and the construction suitable for oil and gas well drilling, geological prospecting, mine probing etc. is existing ?.
Term explanation:
Water hammer effect: water hammer effect refers to that inside water pipe, inside pipe wall is smooth, and water flowing is freely.When open valve is prominent It so closes, water flow can generate a pressure to valve and tube wall, mainly valve.Since tube wall is smooth, subsequent water flow is in inertia Under the action of, it is rapidly reached maximum, and generate destruction, here it is " water hammer effects " in hydro science, that is, the anasarca with shortness of breath Hammer.On the contrary, the valve closed can also generate water hammer, be negative water hammer after throwing open.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of underground complex vibration cementing unit, including outer housing, determine valve, dynamic valve, central axis, turbine, eccentric module and Lower valve;
It is described to determine valve and lower valve is fixed inside outer housing, it is described to determine valve and be provided with to determine valve flowing hole, it is described Lower valve be provided with flowing hole;
The described central axis setting is being determined between valve and lower valve, and vertical with the center of lower valve is rotatablely connected;Described Dynamic valve is fixed at the top of central axis, and the dynamic valve is provided with dynamic valve flowing hole;The turbine and eccentric mandrel Block is fixedly connected with central axis.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, determine the valve flowing hole and dynamic valve flowing hole is eccentric structure.That is: determine valve overcurrent The center of circle of Kong Yudong valve flowing hole is not overlapped with central axis, there is certain deviation;And two holes are not exclusively overlapped.This set Purpose be, when two flowing holes are formed by area of passage and constantly change, so that the flow velocity of cement slurry changes, to cover " water hammer " effect can occur in tubing string, with the continuous rotation of dynamic valve, " water hammer " of pulsating nature, which acts on, to be determined to generate on valve Axial pulse pressure, in underground, complex vibration cementing unit generates axial vibration wave.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the turbine includes stator and rotor, and the stator is fixed at outer housing On, the rotor fixed setting is on center shaft;
It is further preferred that the turbine is made of multiple groups stator and rotor.Its revolving speed can be required according to cementing design Adjustment in real time.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, friction-proof piece is respectively arranged on the contact surface for determining valve and dynamic valve.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the eccentric module is fixed at central axis lower part.Eccentric mandrel stock material and shape Shape can carry out multiple choices, can be rule or irregular shape, preference rule shape, such as: square, cuboid etc.;Material Matter can be metal material, the preferably materials such as iron, steel.The purpose that eccentric module is arranged is rotation with central axis, eccentric module Also it can rotate with it, due to mass eccentricity, when rotation generates centrifugal force, so that underground complex vibration cementing unit generates radial vibration Dynamic wave.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the flowing hole be it is multiple, preferably 2-16, be uniformly arranged around lower valve.
Underground complex vibration cementing unit action principle of the present invention and use process is as follows:
When cementing operation, underground complex vibration cementing unit is mounted on the lower end of casing string, with casing string together tripping in Into well, when the cement slurry of injection enters underground complex vibration cementing unit, by determining valve flowing hole, dynamic valve flowing hole reaches Turbine drives turbine high speed rotation, on center shaft due to dynamic valve installation, but also dynamic valve is opposite when turbine high speed rotation Start high-speed rotation in determining valve, determining valve flowing hole and dynamic valve flowing hole is eccentric structure, therefore two flowing holes were formed by Flow area be it is continually changing, the flow velocity that the change of area of passage allows for cement slurry changes, according to principles of hydrodynamics It is found that " water hammer " effect will occur in casing string when flow rate of liquid changes, with the continuous rotation of dynamic valve, pulsating nature " water hammer ", which acts on, determines to generate axial pulse pressure on valve, and underground complex vibration cementing unit generates axial vibration wave, i.e., Longitudinal wave, since underground complex vibration cementing unit is connect with casing string again, shear wave energy will be along casing string to upload It broadcasts, generates axial vibration so as to cause casing string.
Due to being equipped with eccentric module on central axis, with the rotation of central axis, eccentric module can also be rotated with it, due to Mass eccentricity, when rotation, generate centrifugal force, this allows for underground complex vibration cementing unit and generates radial vibration wave, i.e. shear wave, And upwardly propagated along casing string, longitudinal wave and shear wave superposition allow for casing string and complex vibration integrally occur, when vibration frequency and set When the intrinsic frequency of tubing string is close, casing string will be caused to resonate, vibrational energy is maximum at this time, and the vibration of casing string can cause again Cement slurry vibration, it is this to have vibrational energy while backflowing speed on improving the cement slurry between casing string and the borehole wall in annular space The cement slurry of amount can be efficiently entering the small―gap suture between casing string and the borehole wall again, and this small―gap suture is since the borehole wall is irregular, set What tubing string was not centrally formed, so that the cement slurry between casing string and the borehole wall more enriches, thereby further ensure that well cementation matter Amount, cement slurry reaches shaft bottom after turbine, by the flowing hole in lower valve, and enters on the annular space between casing string and the borehole wall Return to well head.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Underground complex vibration cementing unit can convert the hydraulic power of cement slurry to the axially and radially compound of casing string Mechanical oscillation, and cause cement slurry resonance, not only improve cement slurry it is quick on return, and be conducive to cement slurry well into casing string Gap between the borehole wall, the cement slurry between sprue bushing column and the borehole wall in annular space is more substantial, after cement slurry sets, is more conducive to Improve the cementing quality of casing string.Conventional same type tool is mainly based on radial vibration, and underground complex vibration cementing unit Axially and radially complex vibration can be generated, better effect of cementing the well, and pressure drop is low, structure is simple and convenient to operate, at low cost It is honest and clean, safe and reliable etc..
Live downhole testing the result shows that, in the well cementation of the deep-well in the area such as Sichuan, Xinjiang, ultradeep well, complex structural well In the process using after underground complex vibration cementing unit, the excellent rate of cementing quality averagely improves 75%, and complete design standard reaches It having arrived on the basis of existing weaponry and equipment at home and technology, low cost, high efficiency complete the purpose of complex structural well cementing operation, For improving China's deep-well, ultradeep well, complex structural well cementing technology level and competitiveness in the international market, provide strong Technical support.
Meanwhile underground complex vibration cementing unit also has the characteristics that structure design simple, reliable performance, easy to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is underground complex vibration cementing unit structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is underground complex vibration cementing unit Section A-A schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is underground complex vibration cementing unit section B-B schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure: 1- outer housing, 2- determine valve, 3- moves valve, 4- central axis, 5- turbine, 6- bias module, 7- lower valve, 8- overcurrent Valve flowing hole is determined in hole, 9-, 10- moves valve flowing hole.
Specific embodiment
Carry out the present invention is described in detail below by specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing, but not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, underground complex vibration cementing unit, including outer housing 1, determine valve 2, dynamic valve 3, central axis 4, turbine 5, Eccentric module 6 and lower valve 7;
It is described to determine valve 2 and lower valve 7 is fixed inside outer housing 1, it is described to determine valve 2 and be provided with to determine valve flowing hole 9, The lower valve 7 is provided with flowing hole 8;
The described setting of central axis 4 is being determined between valve 2 and lower valve 7, and vertical with the center of lower valve 7 is rotatablely connected;
The dynamic valve 3 is fixed at the top of central axis 4, and the dynamic valve 3 is provided with dynamic valve flowing hole 10; The turbine 5 and eccentric module 6 are fixedly connected with central axis 4.
Determine the valve flowing hole 9 and dynamic valve flowing hole 10 is eccentric structure.That is: determine valve flowing hole 9 and dynamic valve flowing hole 10 center of circle is not overlapped with central axis 4, has certain deviation, and two holes are not exclusively overlapped.The purpose of this set is, Two flowing holes are formed by area of passage when constantly changing, so that the flow velocity of cement slurry changes, can send out in casing string Raw " water hammer " effect, with the continuous rotation of dynamic valve, " water hammer " of pulsating nature, which acts on, determines that axial pulse pressure will be generated on valve Power, in underground, complex vibration cementing unit generates axial vibration wave.
The turbine 5 includes multiple groups stator and rotor, and the stator is fixed on outer housing 1, and described turns Son is fixed on central axis 4.
Embodiment 2
As described in Example 1, unlike:
Friction-proof piece is respectively arranged on the contact surface for determining valve 2 and dynamic valve 3.
Embodiment 3
As described in Example 1, unlike:
The eccentric module 6 is fixed at 4 lower part of central axis.Eccentric 6 material of module and shape can carry out a variety of choosings It selects, preferably cuboid regular shape;The preferred stainless steel material of material.The purpose that eccentric module 6 is arranged is rotation with central axis 4 Turn, eccentric module 6 can also rotate with it, and due to mass eccentricity, when rotation generates centrifugal force, so that underground complex vibration well cementation dress It sets and generates radial vibration wave.
The flowing hole 8 is 2-16, is uniformly arranged around lower valve 7.
Complex vibration cementing unit working process and principle in underground are as follows in the present invention:
In cementing operation, underground complex vibration cementing unit is mounted on the lower end of casing string, as casing string one removes Enter into well, when the cement slurry of injection enters underground complex vibration cementing unit, by determining valve flowing hole 9, dynamic valve flowing hole 10 reach turbine 5, drive 5 high speed rotation of turbine, since dynamic valve 3 is mounted on central axis 4, when 5 high speed rotation of turbine So that dynamic valve 3 starts high-speed rotation relative to valve 2 is determined, determine valve flowing hole 9 and dynamic valve flowing hole 10 is eccentric structure, therefore two Flowing hole be formed by area of passage be it is continually changing, the flow velocity that the change of area of passage allows for cement slurry changes, According to principles of hydrodynamics it is found that when flow rate of liquid changes, " water hammer " effect will occur in casing string, with dynamic valve 3 Constantly rotation, " water hammer " of pulsating nature, which acts on, determines to generate axial pulse pressure on valve 3, underground complex vibration cementing unit Axial vibration wave, i.e. longitudinal wave are generated, since underground complex vibration cementing unit is connect with casing string again, shear wave energy will It is upwardly propagated along casing string, generates axial vibration so as to cause casing string;Due to being equipped with eccentric module 6 on central axis 4, with The rotation of central axis 4, eccentric module 6 can also rotate with it, and due to mass eccentricity, when rotation generates centrifugal force, this is allowed for Underground complex vibration cementing unit generates radial vibration wave, i.e. shear wave, and upwardly propagates along casing string, and longitudinal wave and shear wave superposition are just So that complex vibration integrally occurs for casing string, when the intrinsic frequency of vibration frequency and casing string is close, casing string will be caused Resonance, vibrational energy is maximum at this time, and the vibration of casing string can cause cement slurry vibration again, is improving ring between casing string and the borehole wall While speed of backflowing on cement slurry in sky, this cement slurry with vibrational energy can be efficiently entering again casing string and the borehole wall it Between small―gap suture thereby further ensured that cementing quality, cement so that cement slurry between casing string and the borehole wall more enriches Slurry reaches shaft bottom after turbine 5, by the flowing hole 8 in lower valve 7, and returns on the annular space entered between casing string and the borehole wall Well head.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of underground complex vibration cementing unit, which is characterized in that the device include outer housing, determine valve, dynamic valve, central axis, Turbine, eccentric module and lower valve;
It is described to determine valve and lower valve is fixed inside outer housing, it is described to determine valve and be provided with to determine valve flowing hole, under described Valve is provided with flowing hole;
The described central axis setting is being determined between valve and lower valve, and vertical with the center of lower valve is rotatablely connected;The dynamic valve It is fixed at the top of central axis, and the dynamic valve is provided with dynamic valve flowing hole;The turbine and eccentric module with Central axis is fixedly connected.
2. complex vibration cementing unit in underground according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described determines valve flowing hole and move Valve flowing hole is eccentric structure.
3. complex vibration cementing unit in underground according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the turbine include stator and Rotor, the stator are fixed on outer housing, and the rotor fixed setting is on center shaft.
4. complex vibration cementing unit in underground according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the turbine is by multiple groups stator It is formed with rotor.
5. complex vibration cementing unit in underground according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to determine connecing for valve and dynamic valve Friction-proof piece is respectively arranged in contacting surface.
6. complex vibration cementing unit in underground according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the eccentric module fixation is set It sets in central axis lower part.
7. complex vibration cementing unit in underground according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the flowing hole be it is multiple, It is uniformly arranged around lower valve.
CN201811199495.XA 2018-10-15 2018-10-15 Underground complex vibration cementing unit Pending CN109138907A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111364945A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-07-03 冒俊 Natural gas exploitation well hole reinforcing construction method
CN111769381A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-13 孙亚林 Multilayer rod type grounding system of lightning arrester

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU1764345C (en) * 1990-02-21 1994-08-15 БашНИПИнефть Hydrodynamic vibrator
CN203742480U (en) * 2014-01-29 2014-07-30 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 Clamping-preventing casing guide device
CN205778655U (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-12-07 中国石油天然气集团公司 Down-hole screw motor two-way oscillation cementing tool
CN206903615U (en) * 2017-05-31 2018-01-19 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 Well cementation vibrating device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU1764345C (en) * 1990-02-21 1994-08-15 БашНИПИнефть Hydrodynamic vibrator
CN203742480U (en) * 2014-01-29 2014-07-30 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 Clamping-preventing casing guide device
CN205778655U (en) * 2016-06-21 2016-12-07 中国石油天然气集团公司 Down-hole screw motor two-way oscillation cementing tool
CN206903615U (en) * 2017-05-31 2018-01-19 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 Well cementation vibrating device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111364945A (en) * 2020-03-16 2020-07-03 冒俊 Natural gas exploitation well hole reinforcing construction method
CN111364945B (en) * 2020-03-16 2021-04-02 杭州佑滨科技有限公司 Natural gas exploitation well hole reinforcing construction method
CN111769381A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-13 孙亚林 Multilayer rod type grounding system of lightning arrester
CN111769381B (en) * 2020-07-14 2021-11-09 广西电网有限责任公司钦州供电局 Multilayer rod type grounding system of lightning arrester

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