CN109138196B - Aerogel composite sound absorption structure - Google Patents
Aerogel composite sound absorption structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109138196B CN109138196B CN201710452768.6A CN201710452768A CN109138196B CN 109138196 B CN109138196 B CN 109138196B CN 201710452768 A CN201710452768 A CN 201710452768A CN 109138196 B CN109138196 B CN 109138196B
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- aerogel
- shape memory
- memory alloy
- hole type
- foam metal
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- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017773 Cu-Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910018643 Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004966 Carbon aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017709 Ni Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003267 Ni-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003262 Ni‐Co Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical group [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SBRXLTRZCJVAPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- INJVFBCDVXYHGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNCCN INJVFBCDVXYHGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017060 Fe Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002544 Fe-Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004337 Ti-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910011209 Ti—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminotitanium Chemical compound [Ti]=N KHYBPSFKEHXSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dimethylsulfonio)acetate Chemical compound C[S+](C)CC([O-])=O PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDOUZKKFHVEKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-n-[(prop-2-enoylamino)methyl]propanamide Chemical compound BrCCC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C CDOUZKKFHVEKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VEFXTGTZJOWDOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC=C1 VEFXTGTZJOWDOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/88—Insulating elements for both heat and sound
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerogel composite sound absorption structure which is characterized by comprising a heat insulation and sound absorption piece and a plurality of cavities distributed on the side surface or inside the heat insulation and sound absorption piece, wherein the heat insulation and sound absorption piece is composed of aerogel and through hole type high damping foam metal, and the aerogel is filled in holes of the through hole type high damping foam metal. The aerogel composite sound absorption structure provided by the invention has the characteristics of excellent sound absorption, sound insulation, heat preservation, light weight, high strength and the like, and the preparation method has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency, continuous production and the like, and has a huge market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sound absorption structure, in particular to an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, and belongs to the field of light, heat preservation, fire prevention, sound insulation, explosion prevention, shock absorption, energy absorption and infrared reflection materials.
Background
With the development of modern industry, noise pollution has become one of the non-negligible environmental pollution problems, which seriously affects the work, study and rest of people. Sound-absorbing materials are widely used in many practical engineering fields, especially in open or large closed environments, as one of the effective measures for reducing noise and improving sound environment.
The existing sound absorption materials mainly comprise mineral wool, glass fiber mats, organic fiber mat foam plastics, foam glass, foam metal and the like. These sound-absorbing materials, while having good sound-absorbing properties in the medium and high frequency ranges, have a number of problems, respectively. The mineral wool and the glass fiber felt are easy to deliquesce, and the fiber dust generated in the construction and application process can cause secondary pollution to the environment, so that hidden dangers exist in the application; the organic fiber felt foam plastic has poor performances such as strength, fire resistance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance and the like; the foam glass has lower strength, poor connectivity of a cellular structure and poor sound absorption effect.
The foam metal forms a large amount of bubbles in the foam metal after foaming treatment, the bubbles are distributed in the continuous metal phase to form a communicated pore structure, so that the foam metal organically combines the characteristics (such as high strength, good heat conductivity, high temperature resistance and the like) of the continuous phase metal with the characteristics (such as damping property, isolation property, insulating property, noise elimination and vibration reduction property and the like) of dispersed phase pores, and the foam metal is a novel porous sound absorption material with excellent comprehensive performance. However, when the foam metal is used alone as a sound absorbing material, on one hand, the sound absorbing effect needs to be further improved due to the large and limited number of millimeter-sized holes, and on the other hand, the heat insulation performance of the foam metal needs to be further improved due to the high heat conductivity coefficient of the metal. In addition, the porous material on the surface mainly absorbs medium-high frequency sound waves, and has a poor effect of absorbing low frequency sound waves, so that a novel sound absorption structure integrating excellent high, medium and low frequency band sound absorption performance, mechanical performance and heat insulation performance is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aerogel composite sound absorption structure.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, is in including thermal-insulated sound absorber, and distribute thermal-insulated sound absorber side or inside a plurality of cavity, thermal-insulated sound absorber comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Further, the shape of the cavity is one or more of a circle, an ellipse, a cone, a horn, a rectangle, a diamond, a triangle and a honeycomb.
Further, the average pore diameter of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal is 0.01-10 mm.
Further, the through-hole type high-damping foam metal is one of shape memory alloy and damping alloy with a through-hole type three-dimensional network framework.
Further, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, a copper-based shape memory alloy or an iron-based shape memory alloy, the copper-based shape memory alloy is a Cu-Zn-Al system or a Cu-Al-Ni system shape memory alloy, and the iron-based shape memory alloy is a Fe-Mn-Si system shape memory alloy, a Fe-Ni-Co system shape memory alloy, a Fe-Pt system shape memory alloy or a Fe-Pd system shape memory alloy.
Further, the damping alloy is one of high-damping titanium alloy, high-damping aluminum alloy, high-damping magnesium alloy, high-damping iron-based alloy, high-damping zinc-based alloy, high-damping manganese-based alloy and high-damping copper-based alloy.
Further, the aerogel is SiO2Aerogel, TiO2Aerogel, carbon aerogel, Fe3O4Aerogel and V2O5One or more of aerogels.
Further, the preparation of the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the silica sol comprises the steps of mixing and stirring organosilane, dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water and an organic solvent, reacting for 4-60 hours at 0-70 ℃, adding an alkali solution, stirring, and reacting for 0.01-1 hour to obtain the silica sol, wherein the volume ratio of the organosilane to the deionized water to the organic solvent to the dilute hydrochloric acid to the alkali solution is 1: 0.05-5: 0.5-8: 0.0025-0.5: 0.0025 to 0.5;
(2) preparing composite gel, pouring the prepared silica sol into a mold with through hole type high damping foam metal, and gelling;
(3) and drying, namely drying the composite gel to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
Further, short fibers are added in the step (1).
Further, the step (2) is preceded by a step of wetting the surface of the through-hole high-damping foam metal, specifically, a surfactant or a surfactant aqueous solution is used for carrying out surface wetting treatment on the through-hole high-damping foam metal.
Further, the step (2) further comprises an ultrasonic processing step, specifically: pouring the prepared silica sol into a mold with through hole type high damping foam metal, performing ultrasonic treatment, and gelling.
Further, the organosilane is one or a mixture of more of methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane and ethyltriethoxysilane.
Further, the organic solvent is one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and acetone.
Further, the alkali is one of ammonia water, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
Further, an aging step and/or a solvent replacement step and/or a modification step are further included after the step (2) and before the step (3).
Further, the temperature of aging and solvent replacement is 0-65 ℃.
Further, the modifying step is to modify the surface of the aerogel composite gel by using a modifier, wherein the modifier is one or more of trimethylchlorosilane, hexamethyldisilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma- (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
Further, the drying is atmospheric drying, supercritical drying, freeze drying or subcritical drying.
Further, the preparation method of the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece comprises the following steps:
(a) the preparation of aerogel-adhesive slurry mixes the aerogel powder and adhesive that will have inside hydrophobic, surface hydrophilic structural feature, and the mass ratio of aerogel powder and adhesive is 1: 5-50, obtaining aerogel-adhesive slurry;
(b) pouring the obtained aerogel-adhesive slurry into a mold containing a through-hole type high-damping foam metal;
(c) and curing to obtain the high-damping aerogel composite material.
Further, the step (b) is preceded by a step of wetting the surface of the through-hole high-damping foam metal, specifically, a surfactant or a surfactant aqueous solution is used to perform surface wetting treatment on the through-hole high-damping foam metal.
Further, the step (b) may be to fill the obtained aerogel-adhesive slurry in the holes of the through-hole type high damping foam metal by using a vacuum negative pressure technology.
Further, the curing process comprises normal-temperature curing, heating curing, ultraviolet curing, constant-temperature and constant-humidity curing, steam curing or high-temperature and high-pressure curing.
The aerogel composite sound absorption structure prepared by the invention has excellent absorption effects on middle, high and low frequency sound waves, and also has the characteristics of excellent heat insulation, heat preservation, light weight, high strength and the like.
Drawings
FIGS. 1-8 are sectional views of an interface of an aerogel composite sound absorbing structure according to the present example;
wherein: 1-aerogel, 2-through hole type high damping foam metal, 3-cavity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an aerogel composite sound absorption structure includes a heat insulation sound absorption member and a plurality of cavities 3 distributed on a side surface or inside the heat insulation sound absorption member, wherein the heat insulation sound absorption member is composed of aerogel 1 and through hole type high damping foam metal 2, and the aerogel 1 is filled in holes of the through hole type high damping foam metal.
Therefore, countless fine pores are formed on the surface and inside of the high-damping aerogel composite material, and the pores are communicated with each other and communicated with the outside, so that the high-damping aerogel composite material has certain air permeability. When sound waves are incident on the surface of the composite material, firstly, air in the gap moves due to vibration generated by the sound waves, so that friction with the hole wall is caused, the air close to the pores and the surfaces of the fibers is not easy to move under the influence of the hole wall, a part of vibration energy is converted into heat energy to be consumed due to the action of friction and viscous force, and the excellent damping characteristic is shown. The vibration speed of air particles between the medium-frequency and high-frequency sound wave pores is accelerated, and the heat exchange between air and the pore walls is also accelerated, so that the porous high-damping aerogel composite material has better medium-frequency and high-frequency sound absorption performance. The aerogel material is filled in the pores of the foam metal, a coupling effect exists between the nano-pores in the aerogel material and the micron/millimeter-scale pores of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal, namely, the stress generated by a solid-gas interface is in an inverse relation with the pore size, an uneven force field is generated during the vibration action, the resonance internal loss of the composite material is increased, and the damping performance is improved. In addition, a plurality of cavities are arranged on the sound wave incidence surface or inside, the dissipation of the sound waves in the matrix is enhanced due to the single-stage resonance scattering of the cavities, so that the effect of absorbing low-frequency noise is achieved, and the resonance sound absorption frequency is gradually reduced along with the increase of the thickness of the cavities. In addition, aerogel materials can improve the high temperature resistance, heat insulation, sound absorption and insulation and damping characteristics of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal, and the strength and toughness of the aerogel can be improved by the through-hole type high-damping foam metal.
In this embodiment, the shape of the cavity is one or a combination of a plurality of shapes selected from a circle, an ellipse, a cone, a horn, a rectangle, a diamond, a triangle and a honeycomb.
Therefore, the selected cavity is in a two-dimensional shape, and the two-dimensional cavity with the same radius is lower than the monopole resonance frequency of the three-dimensional cavity, so that the two-dimensional cavity is lower than the resonance sound absorption frequency of the three-dimensional cavity, namely, the sound absorption structure layer can be designed to be thinner by adopting the two-dimensional cavity in order to obtain the same low-frequency sound absorption performance.
In the embodiment, the average pore diameter of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal is 0.01-10 mm.
In this embodiment, the through-hole type high-damping foam metal is one of a shape memory alloy and a damping alloy having a through-hole type three-dimensional network skeleton.
Therefore, the shape memory alloy has excellent martensite phase transformation energy consumption characteristics, under the action of sound waves, the shape memory alloy generates reversible phase transformation from martensite to austenite, consumes and absorbs sound wave vibration energy, and macroscopically shows ultrahigh elasticity and toughness, so that more sound energy can be consumed through self higher-amplitude vibration, and the sound absorption and insulation performance is remarkable.
In the present embodiment, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, a copper-based shape memory alloy, or an iron-based shape memory alloy, the copper-based shape memory alloy is a Cu-Zn-Al-based or Cu-Al-Ni-based shape memory alloy, and the iron-based shape memory alloy is a Fe-Mn-Si-based shape memory alloy, a Fe-Ni-Co-based shape memory alloy, a Fe-Pt-based shape memory alloy, or a Fe-Pd-based shape memory alloy.
In this embodiment, the damping alloy is one of a high-damping titanium alloy, a high-damping aluminum alloy, a high-damping magnesium alloy, a high-damping iron-based alloy, a high-damping zinc-based alloy, a high-damping manganese-based alloy, and a high-damping copper-based alloy.
Thus, the damping alloy can be a twin crystal type damping material which consumes energy through the movement of a twin crystal interface in the martensite, such as Mn-Cu alloy, Cu-Zn-Al alloy and the like; can be a complex phase type damping material which consumes energy through an interface between two phases, such as Zn-Al alloy and the like; the damping material can also be a strong magnetic damping material which can dissipate energy through reversible or irreversible rotation of a stress-induced magnetic domain wall, such as Fe-Cr alloy and the like.
In this embodiment, the aerogel is SiO2Aerogel,TiO2Aerogel, carbon aerogel, Fe3O4Aerogel and V2O5One or more of aerogels.
In this embodiment, the preparation of the heat-insulating sound-absorbing member includes the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the silica sol comprises the steps of mixing and stirring organosilane, dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water and an organic solvent, reacting for 4-60 hours at 0-70 ℃, adding an alkali solution, stirring, and reacting for 0.01-1 hour to obtain the silica sol, wherein the volume ratio of the organosilane to the deionized water to the organic solvent to the dilute hydrochloric acid to the alkali solution is 1: 0.05-5: 0.5-8: 0.0025-0.5: 0.0025 to 0.5;
(2) preparing composite gel, pouring the prepared silica sol into a mold with through hole type high damping foam metal, and gelling;
(3) and drying, namely drying the composite gel to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
In this example, short fibers were added in the step (1).
Therefore, the short fibers can be polypropylene fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers and the like, the sound insulation and sound absorption performance of the composite material can be further improved by adding the short fibers, when the sound wave vibration action is used, the short fibers can vibrate correspondingly to consume vibration energy, and meanwhile, the fibers can improve the mechanical property of the aerogel and prevent the aerogel from falling off from the foam metal.
In this embodiment, before the step (2), a step of wetting the surface of the through-hole high-damping foam metal is further included, specifically, a surfactant or a surfactant aqueous solution is used to perform surface wetting treatment on the through-hole high-damping foam metal.
Therefore, on one hand, the surface tension of the foam metal is reduced, the speed of the silica sol entering the holes of the foam metal is increased, the silica sol is fully contacted with the foam metal, and the production efficiency is improved; on the other hand, dust and impurities on the surface of the foam metal are removed.
In addition, the surfactant can be one or more of fatty alcohol phosphate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl sulfate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, glycerol fatty acid ester sulfate, aliphatic ammonium salt, alkyl amino acid, carboxylic betaine, sulfobetaine, phosphate betaine, aliphatic polyester, alkylphenol ethoxylate and high-carbon fatty alcohol ethoxylate.
In this embodiment, the step (2) further includes an ultrasonic processing step, specifically: pouring the prepared silica sol into a mold with through hole type high damping foam metal, performing ultrasonic treatment, and gelling.
Therefore, the ultrasonic treatment is beneficial to the rapid foaming of the holes of the metal by the silica sol, and the production efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the organosilane is one or a mixture of methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, and ethyltriethoxysilane.
In this embodiment, the organic solvent is one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and acetone.
In this embodiment, the alkali is one of ammonia water, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
In this embodiment, an aging step and/or a solvent replacement step and/or a modification step are further included after the step (2) and before the step (3).
Thus, the aging step can improve the three-dimensional network skeleton of the aerogel and change the pore diameter; the solvent replacement step can improve the drying efficiency; the modification step can directionally alter the aerogel surface functional groups, for example, to impart hydrophobic properties to the aerogel surface.
In the embodiment, the temperature of the aging and the solvent replacement is 0-65 ℃.
In this embodiment, the modifying step is to modify the surface of the aerogel composite gel with a modifier, where the modifier is one or more of trimethylchlorosilane, hexamethyldisilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, γ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ - (2, 3-glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, γ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and N- (β -aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
In this embodiment, the drying is atmospheric drying, supercritical drying, freeze drying or subcritical drying.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the heat-insulating sound-absorbing member includes the following steps:
(a) the preparation of aerogel-adhesive slurry mixes the aerogel powder and adhesive that will have inside hydrophobic, surface hydrophilic structural feature, and the mass ratio of aerogel powder and adhesive is 1: 5-50, obtaining aerogel-adhesive slurry;
(b) pouring the obtained aerogel-adhesive slurry into a mold containing a through-hole type high-damping foam metal;
(c) and curing to obtain the high-damping aerogel composite material.
Therefore, the preparation method is simple and practical and is suitable for industrial production.
In this embodiment, before the step (b), a step of wetting the surface of the through-hole high-damping foam metal is further included, specifically, a surfactant or a surfactant aqueous solution is used to perform surface wetting treatment on the through-hole high-damping foam metal.
In this embodiment, the step (b) may further be filling the obtained aerogel-adhesive slurry in the holes of the through-hole type high damping foam metal by using a vacuum negative pressure technology.
Therefore, when the aerogel-adhesive slurry enters the foam metal, the foam metal is subjected to negative pressure air exhaust treatment, air in holes of the foam metal is exhausted in an accelerated manner, the rate of the aerogel-adhesive slurry entering the foam metal is increased, and the production efficiency is further improved.
In this embodiment, the curing process includes normal temperature curing, heating curing, ultraviolet curing, constant temperature and humidity curing, steam curing, or high temperature and high pressure curing.
Thus, when adhesives such as aqueous acrylic resin, aqueous polyurethane resin and the like are used, the curing process is preferably normal temperature curing; when an adhesive such as a water-based amino resin or a water-based silicone resin is used, the curing process is preferably heat curing; when an adhesive such as a water-based UV resin is used, the curing process is preferably ultraviolet curing; when the adhesive such as ordinary portland cement is used, the curing process is preferably constant-temperature and constant-humidity curing, steam curing or high-temperature and high-pressure curing.
The following is a detailed description of the embodiments.
Example 1
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) at 40 ℃, mixing and stirring methyl orthosilicate, deionized water, methanol and dilute hydrochloric acid, stirring and reacting for 40 hours, then adding dilute ammonia water, stirring, and reacting for 0.5 hour to obtain silica sol, wherein the volume ratio of the methyl orthosilicate, the deionized water, the methanol, the dilute hydrochloric acid and the dilute ammonia water is 1: 0.1: 0.5: 0.0025: 0.025, the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid and the dilute ammonia water is 0.3 mol/L;
(2) cleaning and wetting a through hole type high-damping Mn-Cu foam alloy by using a mixed solution (mass ratio is 1: 90) of alkylphenol ethoxylates and water;
(3) pouring the silica sol obtained in the step (1) into a mold containing a through hole type high damping Mn-Cu foam alloy, and gelling;
（4）CO2and (5) performing supercritical drying to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorption piece that above step preparation obtained, and distributes the conical open cavity of a plurality of thermal-insulated sound absorption piece side, interface profile is as shown in figure 1, thermal-insulated sound absorption piece comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Example 2
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) mixing and stirring tetraethoxysilane, deionized water, ethanol and dilute hydrochloric acid at the temperature of 0 ℃, stirring and reacting for 60 hours, then adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, stirring and reacting for 1 hour to obtain silica sol, wherein the volume ratio of tetraethoxysilane to deionized water to ethanol to dilute hydrochloric acid to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 1: 0.05: 8: 0.5: 0.0025, the concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 0.3 mol/L;
(2) cleaning and wetting the through hole type Cu-Zn-Al shape memory foam alloy by using a mixed solution (mass ratio is 1: 50) of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and water;
(3) pouring the silica sol obtained in the step (1) into a die with a through hole type Cu-Zn-Al shape memory foam alloy, and simultaneously carrying out ultrasonic treatment and gelation;
(4) performing hydrophobic modification on the composite gel obtained in the step (3) by using trimethylchlorosilane;
(5) drying under normal pressure to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorbing member that the preparation of above step obtained, and distributes a plurality of oval-shaped open cavity of thermal-insulated sound absorbing member side, the interface profile is shown as figure 2, thermal-insulated sound absorbing member comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Example 3
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) mixing and stirring methyltrimethoxysilane, deionized water, methanol and dilute hydrochloric acid at 70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4 hours, then adding dilute ammonia water, stirring, and reacting for 0.01 hour to obtain silica sol, wherein the volume ratio of methyltrimethoxysilane, deionized water, methanol, dilute hydrochloric acid to dilute ammonia water is 1: 5: 1: 0.0025: 0.5, the concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid and the dilute ammonia water is 0.3 mol/L;
(2) cleaning and wetting the through hole type Ti-Ni shape memory foam alloy by using a mixed solution (the mass ratio is 1: 100) of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate and water;
(3) pouring the silica sol obtained in the step (1) into a mold with a through hole type Ti-Ni shape memory foam alloy, and gelling;
(4) and (5) freeze-drying to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorbing member that the preparation of above step obtained, and distributes the open cavity of a plurality of rectangle of thermal-insulated sound absorbing member side, the interface profile is shown as figure 3, thermal-insulated sound absorbing member comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Example 4
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) mixing and stirring methyltriethoxysilane, deionized water, ethanol and dilute hydrochloric acid at 25 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4 hours, then adding a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, stirring, and reacting for 0.01 hour to obtain silica sol, wherein the volume ratio of the methyltriethoxysilane to the deionized water to the ethanol to the dilute hydrochloric acid to the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution is 1: 2: 4: 0.025: 0.05, the concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute ammonia water is 0.3 mol/L;
(2) cleaning and wetting through hole type high damping Zn-Al foam alloy by using mixed liquid (the mass ratio is 1: 100) of glyceryl monostearate and water;
(3) pouring the silica sol obtained in the step (1) into a die containing a through-hole type high-damping Zn-Al foam alloy, and performing negative pressure treatment on one end of the foam alloy by using an air extractor to accelerate the rate of the silica sol entering holes of the foam alloy and perform gelation;
(4) aging the composite gel of the step (3) for 3 days;
(5) and (5) subcritical drying to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorption piece that above step preparation obtained, and distributes the open cavity of a plurality of honeycombed of thermal-insulated sound absorption side, the interface profile is shown in figure 4, thermal-insulated sound absorption piece comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Example 5
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) TiO with internal hydrophobic and surface hydrophilic structural characteristics2Stirring and mixing the aerogel powder and the water-based acrylic emulsion at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 2000 r/min, and TiO2The mass ratio of the aerogel powder to the water-based acrylic emulsion is 1: 5, obtaining composite slurry;
(2) cleaning and wetting the through hole type Fe-Mn-Si shape memory foam alloy by using a mixed solution (mass ratio is 1: 200) of phosphate betaine and water;
(3) pouring the composite slurry into a mold with through hole type Fe-Mn-Si shape memory foam alloy, and simultaneously carrying out negative pressure treatment on one end of the foam alloy by using an air extractor;
(4) and curing at normal temperature to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorbing member that the preparation of above step obtained, and distributes the inside conical cavity of a plurality of thermal-insulated sound absorbing member, interface profile is as shown in figure 5, thermal-insulated sound absorbing member comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Example 6
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) mixing carbon aerogel powder with internal hydrophobic and surface hydrophilic structural characteristics with ordinary 425 silicate cement, adding water, and stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon aerogel powder to the ordinary 425 silicate cement to the water is 1: 50: 12, obtaining composite slurry;
(2) pouring the composite slurry into a mold with through hole type Fe-Pd shape memory foam alloy, and simultaneously carrying out negative pressure treatment on one end of the foam alloy by using an air extractor;
(3) curing at normal temperature, and maintaining at 25 ℃ and 99% RH constant temperature and humidity for 28 days to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorbing member that the preparation of above step obtained, and distributes the inside oval-shaped cavity of a plurality of thermal-insulated sound absorbing member, interface profile figure is shown as figure 6, thermal-insulated sound absorbing member comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Example 7
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) SiO with internal hydrophobic and surface hydrophilic structural characteristics2Stirring and mixing the aerogel powder and the water-based UV polyurethane emulsion at a high speed of 2000 r/min and SiO2The mass ratio of the aerogel powder to the aqueous UV polyurethane emulsion is 1: 15, obtaining composite slurry;
(2) cleaning and wetting through-hole type high-damping Fe-Cr foam alloy by using high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether;
(3) pouring the composite slurry into a mold containing a through hole type high-damping Fe-Cr foam alloy;
(4) and (5) ultraviolet radiation curing to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorbing member that the preparation of above step obtained, and distributes the cavity of the inside a plurality of rectangle of thermal-insulated sound absorbing member, interface profile is as shown in figure 7, thermal-insulated sound absorbing member comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
Example 8
The heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece is prepared by the following steps:
(1) v to have internal hydrophobic, surface hydrophilic structural characteristics2O5The aerogel powder and the water glass are stirred and mixed at high speed, the stirring speed is 1500 r/min, V2O5The mass ratio of the aerogel powder to the water glass is 1: 8, obtaining composite slurry;
(2) cleaning and wetting the through hole type Cu-Al-Ni shape memory foam alloy by using a mixed solution (mass ratio is 1: 200) of phosphate betaine and water;
(3) pouring the composite slurry into a mold with through hole type Cu-Al-Ni shape memory foam alloy, and simultaneously carrying out negative pressure treatment on one end of the foam alloy by using an air extractor;
(4) heating and curing for 3h at 110 ℃ to obtain the heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece.
The utility model provides an aerogel composite sound absorption structure, includes the thermal-insulated sound absorption piece that above step preparation obtained, and distribute in the inside a plurality of honeycombed cavity of thermal-insulated sound absorption piece, the interface profile is shown in figure 8, thermal-insulated sound absorption piece comprises aerogel and through-hole type high damping foam metal, the aerogel is filled in the hole of through-hole type high damping foam metal.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The aerogel composite sound absorption structure is characterized by comprising a heat insulation and sound absorption piece and a plurality of cavities distributed on the side surface or inside the heat insulation and sound absorption piece, wherein the heat insulation and sound absorption piece is composed of aerogel and through hole type high damping foam metal, and the aerogel is filled in holes of the through hole type high damping foam metal;
the shape of the cavity is one or a combination of more of a circle, an ellipse, a cone, a rectangle, a diamond, a triangle and a honeycomb;
the average pore diameter of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal is 0.01-10 mm;
the through hole type high damping foam metal is a shape memory alloy with a through hole type three-dimensional network framework;
the shape memory alloy is nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, copper-based shape memory alloy or iron-based shape memory alloy, the copper-based shape memory alloy is Cu-Zn-Al system or Cu-Al-Ni system shape memory alloy, and the iron-based shape memory alloy is Fe-Mn-Si system shape memory alloy, Fe-Ni-Co system shape memory alloy, Fe-Pt system shape memory alloy or Fe-Pd system shape memory alloy;
the aerogel is SiO2Aerogel, TiO2Aerogel, carbon aerogel, Fe3O4Aerogel and V2O5One or more of aerogels;
the preparation of the heat insulation and sound absorption piece comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the silica sol comprises the steps of mixing and stirring organosilane, diluted hydrochloric acid, deionized water and an organic solvent, reacting for 40-60 hours at 25-70 ℃, adding an alkali solution, stirring, and reacting for 0.01-1 hour to obtain the silica sol, wherein the volume ratio of the organosilane to the deionized water to the organic solvent to the diluted hydrochloric acid to the alkali solution is 1: 0.05-5: 0.5-8: 0.0025-0.5: 0.0025 to 0.5;
(2) wetting the surface of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal, and performing surface wetting treatment on the through-hole type high-damping foam metal by using a surfactant or a surfactant aqueous solution;
(3) preparing composite gel, namely pouring the prepared silica sol into a die which is provided with through hole type high damping foam metal and is provided with a plurality of cavity-shaped bulges on the side surface, and then treating the silica sol by using ultrasonic waves to gel;
(4) aging at the temperature of 0-65 ℃;
(5) modifying, namely performing surface modification on the aerogel composite gel by using a modifier, wherein the modifier is one or more of trimethylchlorosilane, hexamethyldisilazane, hexamethyldisiloxane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma- (2, 3-epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane;
(6) drying, namely drying the obtained composite gel to obtain a heat-insulating sound-absorbing piece;
wherein short fibers are added in the step (1), and the short fibers are polypropylene fibers, aramid fibers or carbon fibers;
the drying is normal pressure drying, supercritical drying, freeze drying or subcritical drying; the organosilane is one or a mixture of more of methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane and ethyltriethoxysilane;
the organic solvent is one or a mixture of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and acetone.
2. The aerogel composite sound absorbing structure of claim 1, wherein the base is one of ammonia, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide.
3. The aerogel composite sound absorption structure is characterized by comprising a heat insulation and sound absorption piece and a plurality of cavities distributed on the side surface or inside the heat insulation and sound absorption piece, wherein the heat insulation and sound absorption piece is composed of aerogel and through hole type high damping foam metal, and the aerogel is filled in holes of the through hole type high damping foam metal;
the shape of the cavity is one or a combination of more of a circle, an ellipse, a cone, a rectangle, a diamond, a triangle and a honeycomb;
the average pore diameter of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal is 0.01-10 mm;
the through hole type high damping foam metal is a shape memory alloy with a through hole type three-dimensional network framework;
the shape memory alloy is nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, copper-based shape memory alloy or iron-based shape memory alloy, the copper-based shape memory alloy is Cu-Zn-Al system or Cu-Al-Ni system shape memory alloy, and the iron-based shape memory alloy is Fe-Mn-Si system shape memory alloy, Fe-Ni-Co system shape memory alloy, Fe-Pt system shape memory alloy or Fe-Pd system shape memory alloy;
the preparation of the heat insulation and sound absorption piece comprises the following steps:
(a) the preparation of aerogel-adhesive slurry mixes the aerogel powder and adhesive that will have inside hydrophobic, surface hydrophilic structural feature, and the mass ratio of aerogel powder and adhesive is 1: 5-50, obtaining aerogel-adhesive slurry;
(b) wetting the surface of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal, and performing surface wetting treatment on the through-hole type high-damping foam metal by using a surfactant or a surfactant aqueous solution;
(c) filling the obtained aerogel-adhesive slurry into the holes of the through-hole type high-damping foam metal by using a vacuum negative pressure technology;
(d) curing to obtain the high-damping aerogel composite material;
the curing process comprises normal-temperature curing, heating curing, ultraviolet curing, constant-temperature constant-humidity curing, steam curing or high-temperature high-pressure curing.
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| CN111174899B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2022-06-07 | 中国船舶重工集团有限公司第七一0研究所 | Device and method for testing underwater mine self-guide head acoustic receiving system in air |
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