CN109136930A - Treatment method before surface oxidation of aluminum alloy and alkaline etching solution adopted by treatment method - Google Patents
Treatment method before surface oxidation of aluminum alloy and alkaline etching solution adopted by treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109136930A CN109136930A CN201810876229.XA CN201810876229A CN109136930A CN 109136930 A CN109136930 A CN 109136930A CN 201810876229 A CN201810876229 A CN 201810876229A CN 109136930 A CN109136930 A CN 109136930A
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- sodium
- alkaline etching
- aluminum alloy
- etching solution
- oxidation
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- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ORVGYTXFUWTWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].O[Si](O)(O)O ORVGYTXFUWTWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910000553 6063 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZYKUPXRYIOEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCC[S] Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[S] RZYKUPXRYIOEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006701 autoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- BEGBSFPALGFMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;sodium Chemical group [Na].C=C BEGBSFPALGFMJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method before oxidation of an aluminum alloy surface and an alkaline etching solution adopted by the treatment method. The alkaline etching solution consists of the following components in concentration: 2-6 g/L of sodium hydroxide, 20-60 g/L of sodium phosphate, 20-60 g/L of sodium carbonate, 10-30 g/L of sodium tripolyphosphate and 5-25 g/L, OP g/L of sodium silicate, and 1-3 ml/L of emulsifier. The working temperature of the alkaline etching solution is 40-60 ℃, and the working time is 20-40 s. When the method is used for treating the surface of the aluminum alloy, the alkaline etching effect is good, excessive corrosion is avoided, oil stains and natural oxidation films can be completely and effectively removed, a good foundation is laid for subsequent oxidation, the alkaline etching treatment time is short, and the efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminum alloy surface treatment, and in particular to the processing side before a kind of oxidation of aluminum alloy surface
Method and its alkaline etching solution of use.
Background technique
The surface treatment of aluminium alloy mainly includes anodic oxidation and chemical oxidation, wherein needing to carry out preceding place before the oxidation
Reason, and then need to carry out Seal treatment after aoxidizing, pre-treatment is mainly for removal surface autoxidation film layer and organic oil
Dirt is ready with obtaining bright active surface for oxidation.
Before Chinese patent literature CN102965709A discloses a kind of environment-friendly long-life for aluminum alloy surface anodic oxidation
Treatment process, including alkaline etching, hot water wash, cold water are washed, go out light, cold water is washed.Wherein Alkaline etchant group becomes sodium hydroxide 50-100g/
L, sodium phosphate 20-30g/L, sodium carbonate 10-20g/L, sodium gluconate 10-20g/L, sodium benzoate 1-2g/L, dodecyl sulphur
Sour sodium 0.1-0.5g/L, excess water；10-50 DEG C of operating temperature, time 1-3min.The deficiency of this method is: (1) at alkaline etching
The reason time is longer, and efficiency is lower.(2) sodium hydroxide concentration in Alkaline etchant is larger, even if joined corrosion inhibiter, however it remains mistake
The phenomenon that degree corrosion, so that treated, there is indentation or groove in aluminum alloy surface.
Chinese patent literature CN103510090A discloses a kind of pretreatment liquid of corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy and preceding of improving
Processing method.Pretreatment liquid includes oil removal treatment liquid, alkaline etching solution and pickling solution.Wherein alkaline etching solution includes sodium hydroxide 5-
20g/L, sodium nitrite/aluminium triphosphate 0.2-10g/L, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate/hexamethylenetetramine/sodium citrate 0.2-
5g/L；Alkaline etching temperature is 20-70 DEG C, time 1-5min.The deficiency of this method is: (1) the alkaline etching processing time is longer, efficiency
It is lower.(2) the added auxiliary agent in alkaline etching solution will affect the alkaline etching of sodium hydroxide, and there are the incomplete phenomenons of alkaline etching, make
Treated aluminum alloy surface still with the presence of a little oxidation film, to seem coarse, uneven, to subsequent oxidation cause compared with
It is big to influence.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problem, provides that a kind of alkaline etching efficiency is higher, the preferable aluminium of alkaline etching effect closes
Processing method before gold surface oxidation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alkaline etching solution for above-mentioned processing method.
Realizing the technical solution for providing the processing method before a kind of oxidation of aluminum alloy surface in the object of the invention is: described
Aluminum alloy surface oxidation before processing method, its main feature is that the following steps are included: by aluminium alloy be sequentially placed into ethyl alcohol impregnate,
Washing, ultrasonic cleaning and drying after being washed after taking-up, being placed in processing in alkaline etching solution, take out；The alkaline etching solution is under
The group for stating concentration is grouped as: 2~6g/L of sodium hydroxide, 20~60g/L of sodium phosphate, 20~60g/L of sodium carbonate, sodium tripolyphosphate 10
~30g/L, 5~25g/L of sodium metasilicate, 1~3ml/L of OP emulsifier.
In processing method before above-mentioned aluminum alloy surface oxidation, alkaline etching solution is preferably grouped as by the group of following concentration:
Sodium hydroxide 4g/L, sodium phosphate 40g/L, sodium carbonate 40g/L, sodium tripolyphosphate 20g/L, sodium metasilicate 15g/L, OP emulsifier 2ml/
L。
In processing method before above-mentioned aluminum alloy surface oxidation, the operating temperature of the alkaline etching solution is 40~60 DEG C,
Working time is 20~40s.
In processing method before above-mentioned aluminum alloy surface oxidation, the surface treatment is anodic oxidation or chemical oxygen
Change.
Realizing the technical solution for providing a kind of alkaline etching solution for above-mentioned processing method in the object of the invention is: institute
The alkaline etching solution stated, is grouped as by the group of following concentration: 2~6g/L of sodium hydroxide, 20~60g/L of sodium phosphate, sodium carbonate 20~
60g/L, 10~30g/L of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5~25g/L of sodium metasilicate, 1~3ml/L of OP emulsifier.
It in above-mentioned alkaline etching solution, is preferably grouped as by the group of following concentration: sodium hydroxide 4g/L, sodium phosphate 40g/L, carbon
Sour sodium 40g/L, sodium tripolyphosphate 20g/L, sodium metasilicate 15g/L, OP emulsifier 2ml/L.
The present invention has the effect of positive: (1) on the one hand alkaline etching solution of the invention can protect matrix from excessively rotten
Erosion, so that treated aluminum alloy surface without indentation and groove, on the other hand can also completely effectively degrease and natural
Oxidation film, so that treated, aluminum alloy surface is smooth, finally haves laid a good foundation for subsequent oxidation.(2) originally
The alkaline etching solution of invention can also effectively accelerate the speed to degrease with natural oxide film, thus when substantially reducing alkaline etching processing
Between, and then greatly improve the efficiency.(3) alkaline etching solution of the invention due to that can reduce alkaline etching with certain viscosity in this way
Gas discharge in the process, mitigates alkaline etching processing uniformly, further decreases to matrix damage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the metallographic microscope photo through treated 7075 aluminum alloy surfaces of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic microscope photo through treated 6063 aluminum alloy surfaces of embodiment 6.
Fig. 3 is the metallographic microscope photo of treated 7075 aluminum alloy surfaces of example 1 by contrast.
Fig. 4 is the metallographic microscope photo of treated 7075 aluminum alloy surfaces of example 2 by contrast.
Specific embodiment
(embodiment 1)
The present embodiment is the processing carried out before oxidation to the surface of 7075 aluminium alloys, and the specific method is as follows:
1. 7075 aluminium alloys are placed in ethyl alcohol, (15~25 DEG C, similarly hereinafter) immersion 3min of room temperature after taking-up, are rushed with deionized water
Wash clean, it is spare.
2. will through step, 1. treated that aluminium alloy is placed in alkaline etching solution handles, after taking-up, flow deionized water is cleaned.
Alkaline etching solution is grouped as by the group of following concentration: sodium hydroxide 4g/L, sodium phosphate 40g/L, sodium carbonate 40g/L, three
Polyphosphate sodium 20g/L, sodium metasilicate 15g/L, OP emulsifier 2ml/L.
The operating temperature of alkaline etching solution is 50 DEG C, working time 30s.
3. will then be dried up through step 2. treated aluminium alloy ultrasonic cleaning ash disposal.
Metallographic microscope photo through the present embodiment treated 7075 aluminum alloy surfaces is shown in Fig. 1.
As seen from Figure 1: through the present embodiment, treated that 7075 aluminum alloy surfaces are relatively smooth, and the oxide layer on surface is basic
It is removed, and without indentation and groove, there is no excessive corrosion phenomenon.
(2~embodiment of embodiment 5)
Each embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | |
| Aluminium alloy | 7075 aluminium alloys | 7075 aluminium alloys | 7075 aluminium alloys | 7075 aluminium alloys | 7075 aluminium alloys |
| Sodium hydroxide | 4g/L | 2g/L | 6g/L | 4g/L | 4g/L |
| Sodium phosphate | 40g/L | 20g/L | 60g/L | 40g/L | 40g/L |
| Sodium carbonate | 40g/L | 20g/L | 60g/L | 40g/L | 40g/L |
| Sodium tripolyphosphate | 20g/L | 10g/L | 30g/L | 20g/L | 20g/L |
| Sodium metasilicate | 15g/L | 5g/L | 25g/L | 15g/L | 15g/L |
| OP emulsifier | 2ml/L | 1ml/L | 3ml/L | 2ml/L | 2ml/L |
| Operating temperature | 50℃ | 50℃ | 50℃ | 40℃ | 60℃ |
| Working time | 30s | 30s | 30s | 40s | 20s |
(embodiment 6)
The present embodiment is the processing before aoxidizing to 6063 aluminium alloys, and specific method is the same as embodiment 1.
Metallographic microscope photo through the present embodiment treated 6063 aluminum alloy surfaces is shown in Fig. 2.
As seen from Figure 2: through the present embodiment, treated that 6063 aluminum alloy surfaces are relatively smooth, and the oxide layer on surface is basic
It is removed, there are dim spot, no excessive corrosion phenomenons in only a small amount of area.
(7~embodiment of embodiment 10)
Each embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 6, and difference is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
| Embodiment 6 | Embodiment 7 | Embodiment 8 | Embodiment 9 | Embodiment 10 | |
| Aluminium alloy | 6063 aluminium alloys | 6063 aluminium alloys | 6063 aluminium alloys | 6063 aluminium alloys | 6063 aluminium alloys |
| Sodium hydroxide | 4g/L | 2g/L | 6g/L | 4g/L | 4g/L |
| Sodium phosphate | 40g/L | 20g/L | 60g/L | 40g/L | 40g/L |
| Sodium carbonate | 40g/L | 20g/L | 60g/L | 40g/L | 40g/L |
| Sodium tripolyphosphate | 20g/L | 10g/L | 30g/L | 20g/L | 20g/L |
| Sodium metasilicate | 15g/L | 5g/L | 25g/L | 15g/L | 15g/L |
| OP emulsifier | 2ml/L | 1ml/L | 3ml/L | 2ml/L | 2ml/L |
| Operating temperature | 50℃ | 50℃ | 50℃ | 40℃ | 60℃ |
| Working time | 30s | 30s | 30s | 40s | 20s |
(1~comparative example of comparative example 2)
Each comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that the composition of alkaline etching solution, is specifically shown in Table 3.Example 1 by contrast
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are seen respectively with the metallographic microscope photo of treated 7075 aluminum alloy surfaces of comparative example 2.
Table 3
| Alkaline etching solution | |
| Comparative example 1 | The alkaline etching solution of Chinese patent literature CN102965709A embodiment 1 |
| Comparative example 2 | The alkaline etching solution of Chinese patent literature CN103510090A embodiment 1 |
As seen from Figure 3: using the alkaline etching solution of embodiment 1 of Chinese patent literature CN102965709A, treated
There are indentation and groove in aluminum alloy surface some areas, illustrate the phenomenon that excessive corrosion occur during alkaline etching.
As seen from Figure 4: using the alkaline etching solution of embodiment 1 of Chinese patent literature CN103510090A, treated
Aluminum alloy surface is coarse, uneven, illustrates that alkaline etching does not effectively remove the oxide layer of aluminum alloy surface in the process.
Claims (7)
1. the processing method before a kind of aluminum alloy surface oxidation, it is characterised in that the following steps are included: aluminium alloy is sequentially placed into
Washing, ultrasonic cleaning and drying after impregnating in ethyl alcohol, washed after taking-up, being placed in processing in alkaline etching solution, take out；The alkali
Erosion solution is grouped as by the group of following concentration: 2~6g/L of sodium hydroxide, 20~60g/L of sodium phosphate, 20~60g/L of sodium carbonate, three
10~30g/L of polyphosphate sodium, 5~25g/L of sodium metasilicate, 1~3ml/L of OP emulsifier.
2. the processing method before aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1 oxidation, it is characterised in that: the alkaline etching solution by
The group of following concentration is grouped as: sodium hydroxide 4g/L, sodium phosphate 40g/L, sodium carbonate 40g/L, sodium tripolyphosphate 20g/L, silicic acid
Sodium 15g/L, OP emulsifier 2ml/L.
3. the processing method before aluminum alloy surface oxidation according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the alkaline etching is molten
The operating temperature of liquid is 40~60 DEG C, and the working time is 20~40s.
4. the processing method before aluminum alloy surface oxidation according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the surface treatment
For anodic oxidation or chemical oxidation.
5. the processing method before aluminum alloy surface oxidation according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the surface
Processing is anodic oxidation or chemical oxidation.
6. the alkaline etching solution that the processing method before a kind of aluminum alloy surface oxidation uses, it is characterised in that by the component of following concentration
Composition: 2~6g/L of sodium hydroxide, 20~60g/L of sodium phosphate, 20~60g/L of sodium carbonate, 10~30g/L of sodium tripolyphosphate, silicic acid
5~25g/L of sodium, 1~3ml/L of OP emulsifier.
7. alkaline etching solution according to claim 6, it is characterised in that be grouped as by the group of following concentration: sodium hydroxide 4g/
L, sodium phosphate 40g/L, sodium carbonate 40g/L, sodium tripolyphosphate 20g/L, sodium metasilicate 15g/L, OP emulsifier 2ml/L.
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| CN109913873A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-21 | 江苏鑫露化工新材料有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy Alkaline addictive and preparation method |
| CN110079848A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 安徽华淮新材料有限公司 | Aluminum alloy chemically coarse sand surface treatment method |
| CN110387546A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-29 | 国家电网有限公司 | A kind of cleaning method of aluminum hardware |
| CN110757355A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-02-07 | 赵陆军 | Preparation method of superhard grinding wheel with abrasive particle multilayer array arrangement |
| CN111289514A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-16 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Method for displaying aluminum alloy macroscopic crystal grains and streamline |
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