CN109136606A - A kind of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109136606A CN109136606A CN201710502343.1A CN201710502343A CN109136606A CN 109136606 A CN109136606 A CN 109136606A CN 201710502343 A CN201710502343 A CN 201710502343A CN 109136606 A CN109136606 A CN 109136606A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/058—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder by reaction sintering (i.e. gasless reaction starting from a mixture of solid metal compounds)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0068—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application, the preparation method includes: with titanium valve, boron nitride powder, and copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder are raw material, and precursor powder is prepared using self- propagating sintering after evenly mixing；Precursor powder is obtained to the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites after pressureless sintering or hot pressed sintering.Compared with prior art, one kind provided by the invention is with TiB2/ TiN has both TiB using BN as the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites of self-lubricating medium for binary reinforced phase2The highly thermally conductive characteristic of/TiN high rigidity, the characteristic of high abrasion and fine copper or acid bronze alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites and its preparation method and application, are to relate to specifically
And one kind is with TiB2/ TiN is binary reinforced phase, using BN as enhanced Cu-base composites of self-lubricating medium and preparation method thereof
And application.
Background technique
Copper and its alloy material have excellent conduction, heating conduction, usually as friction member, thermal component, conduction
Component is widely used in the systems such as all kinds of machinery, electric power.However, since its hardness is low, density is high, resistance under the conditions of high temperature and high speed
The deficiencies of performance is poor is ground, its application in high-performing car, aircraft, bullet train and sophisticated and futuristic weapons system is limited.Pottery
It is with ceramic (particle, staple fiber, continuous fiber) for reinforced phase that porcelain, which mutually enhances Cu-base composites (CMMCs), with copper and its
Alloy is a kind of composite material for having both metal Yu nonmetallic comprehensive performance of matrix preparation.The composite material generally preserves
Cu alloy material is good thermally conductive and electric conductivity, and has hardness more higher than traditional copper alloy, intensity, better corrosion resistant
Corrosion, more excellent wearability, and there is relatively low density and thermal expansion coefficient, it is closed because becoming substitution traditional copper
The ideal chose of golden material.
Titanium diboride (TiB2) be it is a kind of with high intensity, high rigidity, high Young's modulus ceramic material, and it has
Good electric conductivity is the ideal reinforced phase of Cu-base composites, can be on the basis for improving the mechanics of materials, wear-resisting property
On, keep material conductivity with higher.Further, since TiB2With lower density, the light weight of component can contribute to
Change.Titanium nitride (TiN) is a kind of ceramic material with excellent mechanics and wear-resisting property, and has good conduction, leads
Hot property, good high temperature resistance and chemical stability, it is preferable with the interfacial combined function of metal material, it is widely used
In the reinforced phase of cemented carbide material.
Currently, TiB2It has been gradually spread out with the TiN research work for being used as the reinforced phase of Cu-base composites.The patent No.
CN102828060B discloses a kind of titanium nitride ceramic enhancing Cu-base composites and preparation method thereof, raw material by weight, by
Titanium nitride, titanium oxide, sintering aid, carbon black composition, wherein copper alloy is added in precast body, and preparation method includes heating, protects
Temperature, be sintered, be passed through flowing nitrogen obtain the porosity for 45~75% porous titanium nitride precast body；Die casting machine preheating, simultaneously
Copper alloy heating is reached into molten condition；Copper alloy liquid will be melted to pour into the die cavity for placing precast body, will be melted by press machine
Melt in copper alloy liquid indentation porous titanium nitride precast body, with mold separation after ingot bar is cooling, after heat treatment obtains titanium nitride
Enhance Cu-base composites.Patent No. CN105220000A discloses a kind of titanium diboride particle enhanced copper-based composite wood of high intensity
Material and preparation method thereof, the high intensity titanium diboride particle enhanced copper-based composite material are grouped by the group of following percent by volume
At: the high-purity titanium diboride of purity > 98% is 6-9%, copper alloy ZCuSn5Zn5Pb5It is 91~94%, by melting, stirs
Mix, keep the temperature, casting and etc., obtain high-intensitive titanium diboride particle enhanced copper-based composite material.
Above-mentioned work is using TiB2Or TiN particle is raw material, in mixing process due to the difference of grain density and
The agglomeration of ceramic particle be easy to cause the density unevenness of material, influences the performance of composite material.Using ceramics preparative block
Although the influence that method can reunite to avoid ceramic particle, needs to prepare ceramics preparative block, technique and equipment are complex,
Higher cost, therefore there is larger limitation in terms of large-scale production.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind with TiB2/ TiN is binary enhancing
Phase does not add TiB directly using BN as the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites of self-lubricating medium in raw material2/ TiN ceramics
Grain, but pass through the self-propagating reaction fabricated in situ of Ti and BN, reaction remnants BN serves as self-lubricating medium in system.The material
The application requirement of brake lining, gear, worm gear or motor brush etc. can be achieved.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites, comprising:
With titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder are raw material, are prepared into after evenly mixing using self- propagating sintering
To precursor powder；
By precursor powder the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are obtained after pressureless sintering or hot pressed sintering.
The present invention passes through the self-propagating reaction fabricated in situ of Ti and BN, i.e. 3Ti+2BN → 2TiN+TiB2, so that BN powder with
Ti powder generates ceramic enhancement phase TiN+TiB by self- propagating2, then by pressureless sintering or hot pressed sintering, be prepared enhanced
Self-lubricating Cu-base composites.The method of the invention, which not only avoids, to be directlyed adopt using TiB2Or TiN particle is as ceramics
Reinforced phase, but also technique and equipment are simple, save the preparation cost.In addition, according to above-mentioned reaction 3Ti+2BN → 2TiN+
TiB2: if Ti powder is excessive during self-propagating reaction, then BN substantially completely reacts, and excessive Ti powder can be with Cu or Cu based alloy
Form the alloy phase of Cu/Ti；If BN is excessive, then titanium valve reacts completely and the BN phase is there are also residue, and residue BN may be used also at this time
It is present in enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites as self-lubricating medium, reduces its coefficient of friction and wear rate.Using
After pressureless sintering or hot pressed sintering to get arrive the required Cu-base composites with good mechanics and wear-resisting property.
Preferably, being burnt after copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder is added in precursor powder using pressureless sintering or hot pressing
The enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are obtained after knot.It should be in the process by secondary addition metal-powder, it can be achieved that material
Expect the controllable adjustment of heating conduction, mechanical property and friction and wear behavior.Again preferably, the precursor powder is in all raw materials
In mass fraction be 10%~80%.
Preferably, the pressureless sintering include: by gained presoma precompressed it is blocking after, in vacuum or inert atmosphere
It is sintered 0.5~2 hour at 750~1000 DEG C.
Preferably, the blocking mode of the precompressed is dry-pressing formed or/and cold isostatic compaction.
Also, the pressure of the cold isostatic compaction is 100- preferably, the dry-pressing formed pressure is 15-30MPa
300MPa。
Preferably, the technique of the hot pressed sintering include: sintering temperature be 750~1000 DEG C, sintering pressure be 10~
40MPa, sintering time are 0.5~2 hour, and sintering atmosphere is vacuum or inert atmosphere.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites, comprising:
With titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder are raw material, dry-pressing formed after evenly mixing or/and isostatic cool pressing
Green body is prepared in molding；
Enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are prepared using self- propagating sintering in gained green body.
The present invention is with titanium valve, and boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder are raw material, after being first prepared into green body, then passes through
The self-propagating reaction fabricated in situ of Ti and BN, i.e. 3Ti+2BN → 2TiN+TiB2, so that BN powder and Ti powder are generated by self- propagating
Ceramic enhancement phase TiN+TiB2, enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are directly prepared.The method of the invention is not only kept away
Exempt to directly adopt using TiB2Or TiN particle is as ceramic enhancement phase, moreover, no longer needing to through pressureless sintering or hot pressed sintering
Enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are directly prepared in step, and technique and equipment are simple, save the preparation cost.This
Outside, according to above-mentioned reaction 3Ti+2BN → 2TiN+TiB2: if Ti powder is excessive during self-propagating reaction, then BN reacts completely,
Then it will be free from BN phase in gained composite material, excessive Ti phase forms Cu/Ti alloy phase with Cu or Cu alloy substrate；If BN mistake
Amount, then titanium valve react completely and BN phase also residue, at this time residue BN be alternatively arranged as self-lubricating medium be present in it is enhanced
In self-lubricating Cu-base composites, its coefficient of friction and wear rate are reduced.
Preferably, the dry-pressing formed pressure is 15-30MPa.
Preferably, the pressure of the cold isostatic compaction is 100-300MPa.
Heretofore described method (if without specified otherwise, the method is at least one of above two method), compared with
It goodly, is in terms of 100% by total mass of raw material, the mass fraction of titanium valve is the quality of 7.5~50%, boron nitride powder in the raw material
Score is 2.5~20%, the mass fraction of copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder is 90~30%.
Preferably, the alloying element in the acid bronze alloy powder is lead, in tin, aluminium, manganese, titanium, lead, zinc, beryllium, tellurium, antimony
It is at least one.For example, the acid bronze alloy powder is at least one of tin copper, aluminum bronze, antimony copper, beryllium copper, titanium copper etc..
Preferably, the average grain diameter of the titanium valve is 1~50 micron, the average grain diameter of the boron nitride powder is 0.05~20
The average grain diameter of micron, the copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder is 10~100 microns.
Preferably, the atmosphere of the self- propagating sintering is vacuum or inert atmosphere, preferably vacuum or Ar gas atmosphere.
The third aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of copper-based composite woods of enhanced self-lubricating prepared according to the above method
Material.The phase composition of the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites may include at least one of Cu, acid bronze alloy, TiB2With
TiN.Preferably, further including BN or/and Ti phase.For lubricant medium.Wherein TiB2/ TiN is binary reinforced phase, and pure Cu or Cu base closes
Gold is matrix phase, and BN is lubricant medium.
Fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites prepared according to the above method
Preparing the application in brake lining, gear, worm gear or motor brush.
Compared with prior art, one kind provided by the invention is with TiB2/ TiN is binary reinforced phase, is situated between by self-lubricating of BN
The enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites of matter, have both TiB2/ TiN high rigidity, the characteristic of high abrasion and fine copper or copper-based conjunction
The highly thermally conductive characteristic of gold.The introducing of BN lubricant medium facilitates material and obtains lower, more stable coefficient of friction, reduces material
Wear rate.Using brake lining, gear, worm gear, the motor brush material etc. of the preparation of this material, there is low abrasion, long-life, Gao Wen
Fixed feature；In addition, the introducing of ceramic phase can make the high-temperature mechanics of material and tribological property significantly improve, device is improved
Reliability in the high temperature environment has stronger practical value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the shape appearance figure of compound precursor powder prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the phase composition of compound precursor powder prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the shape appearance figure of compound precursor powder prepared by embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the phase composition of compound precursor powder prepared by embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 is the surface topography map of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites prepared by embodiment 3；
Fig. 6 is the surface topography map of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites prepared by embodiment 4.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by way of following embodiments, it should be appreciated that following embodiments are merely to illustrate this
Invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
It is raw material that the present invention, which is by pure titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder, after ball milling mixing is uniform
It carries out self- propagating sintering and prepares precursor powder, prepare enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites by hot pressing or pressureless sintering.
Or cold pressing compacting titanium/boron nitride/copper (alloy) mixture green body is directly subjected to self- propagating sintering, obtain it is enhanced from
Lubricate Cu-base composites.In prepared enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites, TiB2/ TiN is binary reinforced phase, pure Cu
Or Cu based alloy is matrix phase.It is lubricant medium that the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites, which may also include BN,.
Illustrate to following exemplary the preparation method of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites provided by the invention.The present invention
It is to obtain homogeneous raw material mixture using titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper or copper alloy powder as raw material through ball milling mixing, carry out self- propagating
Sintering obtains compound precursor, then compound precursor progress hot pressed sintering or pressureless sintering is prepared.
Using titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper or acid bronze alloy powder as raw material, prepared after evenly mixing using self- propagating sintering compound
Material precursor powder.Alloying element in the acid bronze alloy powder can be lead, tin, aluminium, manganese, titanium, lead, zinc, beryllium, tellurium, antimony
At least one of.The acid bronze alloy powder can be at least one of tin copper, aluminum bronze, antimony copper, beryllium copper, titanium copper etc..Wherein
Even mixed mode includes but are not limited to grinding, ball milling etc..It can also be dried, be sieved again after grinding or ball milling, obtain
Precursor powder.Wherein drying can be ball milling later drying 2~6 hours at 50~80 DEG C.Sieving can generally cross 100 purposes
Sieve.The precursor powder is to be sintered to prepare through self- propagating by raw material powder.Prepared precursor powder is by TiB2、TiN、Cu、
The composition such as BN.The raw material is made of titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper or acid bronze alloy powder, wherein titanium valve mass fraction be 15~
50%, boron nitride powder mass fraction is 5~20%, and copper powder mass fraction is 40~80%.Preferably titanium valve mass fraction is 15
~40%, boron nitride powder mass fraction is 5~20%, and copper powder mass fraction is 40~80%.In the raw material powder, titanium valve
Average grain diameter can be 1~50 μm, and the average grain diameter of boron nitride powder can be 0.05~20 μm, and copper or/and acid bronze alloy powder are averaged
Partial size can be 10~100 μm.The atmosphere that the self- propagating sintering process uses is vacuum, Ar gas or other inert atmosphere.This
The method for inventing the self-propagating synthesis precursor powder provided, with titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder are original
Material is prepared using self- propagating sintering after evenly mixing, does not need to prepare ceramics preparative block, simple process, and can be with
It avoids with TiB2Or TiN particle be raw material caused by mixing process due to the group of the difference of grain density and ceramic particle
Poly- problem.Prepared precursor powder phase composition further includes TiB in addition to including Cu (and/or acid bronze alloy)2And TiN.Preferably
The main composition on ground, the material is mutually TiB2, TiN, BN, Cu (and/or acid bronze alloy).More preferably, the precursor powder
It is 30~90% Cu (and/or acid bronze alloy), 10~68% TiB including mass fraction2With TiN, 0~15%BN (or/and
Ti phase).
Later by precursor powder, or after copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder is added in precursor powder, using nothing
The enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are obtained after pressure sintering or hot pressed sintering.The precursor powder is in all raw materials
Mass fraction in (precursor powder and copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder) is 10%~80%.It should be added in the process by secondary
Add copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder, it can be achieved that controllable adjustment to thermal conductivity of material, mechanical property and friction and wear behavior.
The technique of the hot pressed sintering can include: sintering temperature is 750~1000 DEG C, and sintering pressure is 10~40MPa, and sintering time is
0.5~2 hour, sintering atmosphere was vacuum or inert atmosphere.The pressureless sintering can include: gained presoma precompressed is blocking
Afterwards, it is sintered 0.5~2 hour at 750~1000 DEG C in vacuum or inert atmosphere.The blocking mode of the precompressed can be dry-pressing
Molding or/and cold isostatic compaction.The dry-pressing formed pressure can be 15-30MPa.The pressure of the cold isostatic compaction can
For 100-300MPa.Preferably, first dry-pressing formed at 15-30MPa, cold isostatic compaction is carried out under 100-300MPa.
As an example, titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper or acid bronze alloy powder a) are weighed according to the ratio, ball milling makes to be uniformly mixed,
Material powder is made；B) material powder obtained by upper step is subjected to self- propagating sintering, obtains compound precursor powder；C) to compound
Object presoma carries out hot pressed sintering or pressureless sintering obtains required composite material.The technique of hot pressed sintering described in step c) is such as
Under: sintering temperature is 750~1000 DEG C, and sintering pressure is 10~40MPa, and soaking time is 0.5~2 hour, and sintering atmosphere is
Vacuum, Ar gas or other inert atmospheres.The technique of pressureless sintering described in step c) is as follows: first in 15~30MPa pressure
It is lower that presoma precompressed made from step a) is blocking, isostatic cool pressing processing is then carried out under 100~300MPa pressure, then true
Under empty, Ar gas or other inert atmospheres, 750~1000 DEG C keep the temperature 0.5~2 hour.
The present invention is using titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder as raw material, through being cold-pressed pressing mixt base
Body, then mixture green body is subjected to self- propagating sintering and is prepared.The enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites of the method preparation
It can also be to avoid with TiB2Or TiN particle be raw material caused by mixing process due to the difference of grain density and ceramics
The agglomeration traits of grain.The phase composition of prepared enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites in addition to include Cu (and/or acid bronze alloy),
It further include TiB2And TiN.The main composition of the material is mutually TiB2, TiN, BN, Cu (and/or acid bronze alloy).More preferably, institute
State enhanced self-lubricating metal-based composite material include mass fraction be 30~90% Cu (and/or acid bronze alloy), 10~
68% TiB2With TiN, 0~15%BN (or/and Ti phase).In addition, it, which also can be used as, also can be used as reinforcement, preparation Al, Ti,
Other metal-base composites such as Mg, Ni.Illustrate to following exemplary the copper-based composite wood of enhanced self-lubricating provided by the invention
The preparation method of material.
With titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder are raw material, and green body is prepared in cold pressing after evenly mixing.
The acid bronze alloy powder can be at least one of tin copper, aluminum bronze, antimony copper, beryllium copper, titanium copper etc..Wherein mixed uniformly mode packet
Include but be not limited only to grinding, ball milling etc..It can also be dried, be sieved again after grinding or ball milling.Wherein drying can be ball milling mistake
It is 2~6 hours dry at 50-80 DEG C afterwards.Sieving can generally cross the sieve of 100 mesh.The composite body can be by being cold-pressed
Technique compacting, wherein the standby mode of cold compaction can be dry-pressing formed or/and cold isostatic compaction.The dry-pressing formed pressure can
For 15-30MPa.The pressure of the cold isostatic compaction can be 100-300MPa.Preferably, first at 15-30MPa dry-pressing at
Type carries out cold isostatic compaction under 100-300MPa.The raw material is by titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper or acid bronze alloy powder group
At, wherein titanium valve mass fraction be 15~50%, boron nitride powder mass fraction be 5~20%, copper powder mass fraction be 40~
80%.Preferably titanium valve mass fraction is 15~40%, and boron nitride powder mass fraction is 5~20%, and copper powder mass fraction is 40
~80%.In the raw material powder, the average grain diameter of titanium valve can be 1~50 μm, the average grain diameter of boron nitride powder can for 0.05~
20 μm, the average grain diameter of copper or/and acid bronze alloy powder can be 10~100 μm.
Enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are prepared using self- propagating sintering in gained green body.It is described enhanced from profit
Sliding Cu-base composites are that self- propagating sintering process is directly prepared, and without being further sintered, resulting materials have higher
High-temperature mechanics and tribological property.The self- propagating is sintered to be sintered in vacuum or inert atmosphere.The self- propagating is burnt
The atmosphere that knot technique uses is vacuum, Ar gas or other inert atmosphere.Wherein, in self- propagating sintering process, temperature is to react certainly
Prosperity is arrived, no actual temp requirement.
As an example, titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper or acid bronze alloy powder a) are weighed according to the ratio, ball milling makes to be uniformly mixed,
Mixture powder is made；B) material powder obtained by upper step is subjected to cold pressing compacting and obtains mixture green body；C) to mixture green body
Self- propagating is carried out to be sintered to obtain required composite material.The ball milling is rolling ball milling.
A kind of purposes of above-mentioned enhanced Cu-base composites is to be applied to production brake lining, worm gear, gear, motor brush
Deng.
Cu-base composites prepared by the present invention, reinforced phase TiB2/ TiN binary reinforced phase, matrix are pure Cu or Cu base
Alloy, self-lubricating medium are BN, which both has TiB2The high abrasion characteristic of/TiN ceramic phase, and there is pure Cu or Cu
The highly thermally conductive characteristic of based alloy, and due to the introducing of BN lubricant medium, make material that there is lower and more stable coefficient of friction, into
One step improves the wear-resisting property of material.A kind of purposes of above-mentioned enhanced Cu-base composites is can to can be applied to production lock
Piece, worm gear, gear, motor brush etc..
The present invention measures the bending resistance of the enhanced Cu-base composites of gained using Instron5566 profile material universal testing machine
Intensity is not less than 150MPa.The Rockwell hardness (HRF) of the enhanced Cu-base composites of gained of the invention is not less than 70.Using vertical
The coefficient of friction that universal material friction wear testing machine measures the enhanced Cu-base composites of gained is 0.4-0.8.Using weighing
Method measures the abrasion of the enhanced Cu-base composites of gained.
Enumerate embodiment further below with the present invention will be described in detail.It will similarly be understood that following embodiment is served only for this
Invention is further described, and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art is according to this hair
Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that bright above content is made all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.Following examples are specific
Technological parameter etc. is also only an example in OK range, i.e. those skilled in the art can be done properly by the explanation of this paper
In the range of select, and do not really want to be defined in hereafter exemplary specific value.
Embodiment 1
0.5 μm of 5g median of boron nitride powder is weighed first, position grain in the pure titanium valve and 14g that 14g median is 40 μm
The pure copper powder that diameter is 40 μm is added 40g dehydrated alcohol, rolling ball milling 3 hours, uniform and stable slurry is made；Then 50~
2 hours dry at 80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder；Mix powder is placed in graphite crucible, self- propagating sintering is put into
It is sintered in furnace, obtains compound precursors powder；Then compound precursors powder is poured into hot pressing die, carries out hot pressing burning
Knot, 900 DEG C of sintering temperature, the time 1 hour, hot pressing pressure 25MPa obtained required self-lubricating Cu-base composites.
As shown in Figure 1, phase composition is as shown in Figure 2 for compound precursor powder pattern obtained by the present embodiment.From
Powder surface known in Fig. 1 shows no BN residual without exposed fine particle.The phase composition of the composite granule as can be known from Fig. 2
Including TiB2, TiN and Cu, no BN phase.Composite material bending strength and Rockwell hardness are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
0.5 μm of 6g median of boron nitride powder is weighed first, position grain in the pure titanium valve and 24g that 14g median is 40 μm
The pure copper powder that diameter is 40 μm is added 40g dehydrated alcohol, rolling ball milling 3 hours, uniform and stable slurry is made；Then 50~
2 hours dry at 80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder；Mix powder is placed in graphite crucible, self- propagating sintering is put into
It is sintered in furnace, obtains compound precursors powder；Then compound precursors powder is poured into hot pressing die, carries out hot pressing burning
Knot, 900 DEG C of sintering temperature, the time 1 hour, hot pressing pressure 25MPa obtained required self-lubricating Cu-base composites.
As shown in Figure 3, phase composition is as shown in Figure 4 for compound precursor powder pattern obtained by the present embodiment.From
Powder surface known in Fig. 3 has a certain amount of tiny nano-scale particle, described compound as can be known from Fig. 4 for remaining BN particle
The phase composition of powder includes TiB2, TiN, Cu and BN.Composite material bending strength and Rockwell hardness are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
0.5 μm of 5g median of boron nitride powder is weighed first, position grain in the pure titanium valve and 14g that 14g median is 40 μm
The pure copper powder that diameter is 40 μm is added 40g dehydrated alcohol, rolling ball milling 3 hours, uniform and stable slurry is made；Then 50~
2 hours dry at 80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder；Again that mix powder obtained is dry-pressing formed, dry-pressing pressure is
20MPa；Dry-pressing formed green body is subjected to isostatic cool pressing processing, pressure 200MPa；By isostatic cool pressing treated green body into
The sintering of row self- propagating, obtains enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites.
As shown in Figure 5, composite material material is fine and close as can be known from Fig. 5 for composite material surface pattern obtained by the present embodiment
Degree is higher, and presentation Cu phase is continuous, but still the surface topography of the discrete distribution of a small amount of stomata.Gained composite material bending strength and Rockwell
Hardness is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
0.5 μm of 6g median of boron nitride powder is weighed first, position grain in the pure titanium valve and 24g that 14g median is 40 μm
The pure copper powder that diameter is 40 μm is added 40g dehydrated alcohol, rolling ball milling 3 hours, uniform and stable slurry is made；Then 50~
2 hours dry at 80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder；Again that mix powder obtained is dry-pressing formed, dry-pressing pressure is
20MPa；Dry-pressing formed green body is subjected to isostatic cool pressing processing, pressure 200MPa；By isostatic cool pressing treated green body into
The sintering of row self- propagating, obtains enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites.
As shown in Figure 6, gained composite material more causes composite material surface pattern obtained by the present embodiment as can be known from Fig. 6
It is close, but there is a certain amount of discontinuous stomata in inside, and hole diameter is about 20 microns.Composite material bending strength and Rockwell hardness are shown in
Table 1.
Embodiment 5
0.5 μm of 5g median of boron nitride powder is weighed first, position grain in the pure titanium valve and 14g that 14g median is 40 μm
The pure copper powder that diameter is 40 μm is added 40g dehydrated alcohol, rolling ball milling 3 hours, uniform and stable slurry is made；Then 50~
2 hours dry at 80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder A；Mix powder A is placed in graphite crucible, self- propagating burning is put into
It is sintered in freezing of a furnace, obtains compound precursors powder B；Then compound precursors powder B is sieved, is with 647g median
40 μm of pure copper powder mixing, ball milling 3 hours, then 2 hours dry at 50~80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder C, so
Compound precursors powder C is poured into hot pressing die afterwards, progress hot pressed sintering, 900 DEG C of sintering temperature, the time 1 hour, hot pressing
Pressure is 25MPa, obtains required self-lubricating Cu-base composites.
Composite material bending strength and Rockwell hardness obtained by the present embodiment are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
0.5 μm of 6g median of boron nitride powder is weighed first, position grain in the pure titanium valve and 14g that 14g median is 40 μm
The pure copper powder that diameter is 40 μm is added 40g dehydrated alcohol, rolling ball milling 3 hours, uniform and stable slurry is made；Then 50~
2 hours dry at 80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder A；Mix powder A is placed in graphite crucible, self- propagating burning is put into
It is sintered in freezing of a furnace, obtains compound precursors powder B；Then compound precursors powder B is sieved, is with 647g median
40 μm of pure copper powder mixing, ball milling 3 hours, then 2 hours dry at 50~80 DEG C, sieving obtains mix powder C, so
Compound precursors powder C is poured into hot pressing die afterwards, progress hot pressed sintering, 900 DEG C of sintering temperature, the time 1 hour, hot pressing
Pressure is 25MPa, obtains required self-lubricating Cu-base composites.
Composite material bending strength and Rockwell hardness obtained by the present embodiment are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 is the nanocomposite constituents and mechanics, tribological property of each embodiment preparation:
Claims (12)
1. a kind of preparation method of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites characterized by comprising
With titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder are raw material, are prepared into after evenly mixing using self- propagating sintering
To precursor powder；
Precursor powder is obtained to the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites after pressureless sintering or hot pressed sintering.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that copper powder or/and copper-based is added in precursor powder
After alloyed powder powder, using obtaining the enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites after pressureless sintering or hot pressed sintering.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the precursor powder accounts for precursor powder and copper powder
Or/and the 10% ~ 80% of acid bronze alloy powder powder gross mass.
4. preparation method according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the pressureless sintering includes: by institute
Presoma precompressed it is blocking after, be sintered 0.5~2 hour at 750~1000 DEG C in vacuum or inert atmosphere.
5. preparation method described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the technique packet of the hot pressed sintering
Include: sintering temperature is 750~1000 DEG C, and sintering pressure is 10~40MPa, and sintering time is 0.5~2 hour, and sintering atmosphere is
Vacuum or inert atmosphere.
6. a kind of preparation method of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites characterized by comprising
With titanium valve, boron nitride powder, copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder powder are raw material, dry-pressing formed or/and cold etc. after evenly mixing
Green body is prepared in hydrostatic profile；
Enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites are prepared using self- propagating sintering in gained green body.
7. preparation method according to claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that by total mass of raw material be 100% in terms of,
The mass fraction of titanium valve is 7.5~50% in the raw material, the mass fraction of boron nitride powder is 2.5~20%, copper powder or/and copper-based
The mass fraction of alloyed powder powder is 90~30%.
8. method according to any one of claims 1-7, which is characterized in that the average grain diameter of the titanium valve is 1~50
Micron, the average grain diameter of the boron nitride powder are 0.05~20 micron, the average grain of the copper powder or/and acid bronze alloy powder powder
Diameter is 10~100 microns.
9. method described in -8 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that alloying element in the acid bronze alloy powder be lead, tin,
At least one of aluminium, manganese, titanium, lead, zinc, beryllium, tellurium, antimony.
10. method according to claim 1 to 9, which is characterized in that the self- propagating be sintered in vacuum or
It is sintered under inert atmosphere.
11. a kind of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites of the preparation of any one of -10 the methods according to claim 1.
12. a kind of enhanced self-lubricating Cu-base composites of the preparation of any one of -10 the methods according to claim 1 are being made
Application in standby brake lining, gear, worm gear or motor brush.
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| CN111302810A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-19 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Low-noise silicon nitride ceramic-based friction material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US20090129962A1 (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-05-21 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Method of producing ultrafine crystalline tin/tib2 composite cermet |
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| CN103667772A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-26 | 刘伟 | Copper-based powder dispersion ceramic as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103667772A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-03-26 | 刘伟 | Copper-based powder dispersion ceramic as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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