CN109136529A - A kind of laser shock peening method - Google Patents
A kind of laser shock peening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109136529A CN109136529A CN201811253183.2A CN201811253183A CN109136529A CN 109136529 A CN109136529 A CN 109136529A CN 201811253183 A CN201811253183 A CN 201811253183A CN 109136529 A CN109136529 A CN 109136529A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
Abstract
The invention belongs to metal material surface intensive treatment technical field more particularly to a kind of laser shock peening methods.The present invention provides a kind of laser shock peening methods, comprising the following steps: a) carries out smoothing processing to the region to be fortified of metal parts to be processed and is reduced to profile arithmetic average error Ra less than 3 μm the surface roughness in the region to be fortified；B) laser-impact, region of being strengthened are carried out to the region to be fortified handled through the smoothing.In the present invention, carrying out smoothing processing to the region to be fortified of metal parts to be processed is reduced to profile arithmetic average error Ra less than 3 μm the surface roughness in region to be fortified, laser-impact is carried out again, significant surface peening effect can be realized under conditions of not changing laser-impact technological parameter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material surface intensive treatment technical field more particularly to a kind of laser shock peening methods.
Background technique
Laser-impact be it is a kind of using strong laser induced shock wave come the new technology of reinforced metal, can be greatly enhanced
The durability of metal material.Consistent with conventional surface reinforcement technique, laser-impact processing is also by surface intense plastic strain
Mode realizes strengthening effect.But the to be fortified part not high for surface smoothness, laser-impact processing tend not to reach
To preferable surface peening effect.Currently, the processing mode of the laser-impact for the not high part to be fortified of surface smoothness
It is the technological parameter for changing laser-impact.However, the change for passing through laser-impact technological parameter is to improve laser-impact intensity
The work of one higher cost, how to make surface smoothness not high under conditions of not changing set laser-impact technique to
It is the current problem to be solved of technical staff that processing metal parts, which reaches preferable surface peening effect,.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of laser shock peening method, for solve surface smoothness it is not high to
Strengthen part, laser-impact processing tends not to the problem of reaching preferable surface peening effect.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of laser shock peening method, comprising the following steps:
A) to the region to be fortified progress smoothing processing of metal parts to be processed that the surface in the region to be fortified is thick
Rugosity is reduced to profile arithmetic average error Ra less than 3 μm；
B) laser-impact, region of being strengthened are carried out to the region to be fortified handled through the smoothing.
Preferably, the smoothing processing is polishing treatment.
Preferably, before step a), further includes: determine the region to be fortified of the metal parts to be processed.
Preferably, the profile arithmetic average error Ra through the smoothing treated region surface to be fortified is less than 1 μm.
Preferably, the processing mode of the laser-impact is point-by-point processing.
Preferably, after step a), before step b), further includes:
Through the smoothing, treated that region surface to be fortified successively coats absorbed layer and restraint layer.
Preferably, the absorbed layer is black belt or pitch-dark.
Preferably, the restraint layer is deionization water curtain or K9 glass.
In conclusion the present invention provides a kind of laser shock peening methods, comprising the following steps: a) to metal to be processed
The region to be fortified of part carries out smoothing processing and the surface roughness in the region to be fortified is reduced to profile arithmetic average
Deviation Ra is less than 3 μm；B) laser-impact, region of being strengthened are carried out to the region to be fortified handled through the smoothing.This hair
In bright, smoothing processing is carried out to the region to be fortified of metal parts to be processed and is reduced to the surface roughness in region to be fortified
Profile arithmetic average error Ra is less than 3 μm, then carries out laser-impact, can be in the condition for not changing laser-impact technological parameter
Under, realize significant surface peening effect.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described.
Practical work of the Fig. 1 for pulse laser in the embodiment of the present invention on different surface roughness metal parts surface to be processed
With area change schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the surface state in the region to be fortified through mechanical polishing processing in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the surface state in the region to be fortified through 800# sand paper milled processed in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the surface state in the region to be fortified through 200# sand paper milled processed in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the reinforcing obtained after the region to be fortified of mechanical polishing processing carries out laser-impact in the embodiment of the present invention
Region；
Fig. 6 is to obtain after the region to be fortified of 800# sand paper milled processed carries out laser-impact in the embodiment of the present invention
Strengthening region；
Fig. 7 is to obtain after the region to be fortified of 200# sand paper milled processed carries out laser-impact in the embodiment of the present invention
Strengthening region；
It illustrates: 1. metal parts to be processed；2. pulse laser；3. high temperature, high pressure plasma；4. shock wave；5.
Region to be fortified with first surface roughness；6. the practical work in pulse laser region to be fortified for first surface roughness
Use area；7. the region to be fortified with second surface roughness；8. pulse laser area to be fortified for second surface roughness
The practical function area in domain.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of laser shock peening methods, for solving the not high part to be fortified of surface smoothness,
Laser-impact processing tends not to the problem of reaching preferable surface peening effect.
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
A kind of laser shock peening method, comprising the following steps:
A) smoothing processing is carried out by the surface roughness in region to be fortified to the region to be fortified of metal parts to be processed
It is reduced to profile arithmetic average error Ra less than 3 μm；
B) laser-impact, region of being strengthened are carried out to the region to be fortified handled through smoothing.
Referring to Fig. 1, being pulse laser in the embodiment of the present invention on different surface roughness metal parts surface to be processed
Practical function area change schematic diagram.
Pulse laser 2 can be in formation high temperature, high pressure plasma 3, high temperature, height in very short time under specific coatings effect
Pressure plasma 3 occurs to explode and formed the impact to 1 internal communication of metal parts to be processed on 1 surface of metal parts to be processed
Wave 4.Pulse laser 2 induces the size of shock wave 4 and action time to codetermine the intensity size of laser-impact processing, and arteries and veins
Impulse light directly affects the size of shock wave 4 to the practical function area of part by changing laser power density.For tool
There are the region to be fortified of different surface roughness, the practical function area different from of pulse laser.First surface roughness is small
In second surface roughness, pulse laser is respectively acting on region to be fortified 5 with first surface roughness and has second
There is approximation to be equal to beam sizes for the region to be fortified 7 of surface roughness, the region to be fortified 5 with first surface roughness
Pulsed laser action area, the practical function area 8 in pulse laser region to be fortified for second surface roughness then due to
The presence that external waviness shape rises and falls is presented compared with the practical function area 6 in pulse laser region to be fortified for first surface roughness
A degree of increase.
The principle of laser shock peening method of the present invention is: the laser beam during laser-impact is in metal zero to be processed
The irradiated area on 1 surface of part is to determine the important indicator of practical laser power density, and laser power density and induced with laser rush
It is directly related to hit amount of force of the wave on 1 surface of metal parts to be processed.The to be fortified region substantially flat for surface is swashed
The irradiated area of light light beam is the practical function area of laser blast wave, and region to be fortified higher for surface roughness,
The practical function area of laser blast wave has been more than the irradiated area of laser beam to varying degrees.Due to practical function area
Increase necessarily cause the reduction of laser power density, therefore high surface roughness region will be obtained during laser-impact compared with
Weak strengthening effect.Planarizing process is carried out to reduce laser power density to the region to be fortified with high surfaces roughness
The extent of damage, practical laser impact strength can be effectively improved.Laser shock peening method of the present invention can make metal zero to be processed
Part 1 handles the residual compressive stress that introducing depth is big and surface amplitude is high by laser-impact after simple surface treatment and is distributed,
Residual compressive stress field intensity is effectively improved, the laser-impact suitable for all kinds of metal parts 1 to be processed is handled.
In the embodiment of the present invention, smoothing processing is carried out by area to be fortified to the region to be fortified of metal parts 1 to be processed
The surface roughness in domain is reduced to profile arithmetic average error Ra less than 3 μm, then carries out laser-impact, real by pulse laser 2
The reduction of border active area increases laser power density, can realize do not change laser-impact technological parameter under conditions of
Significant surface peening effect, the laser shock peening method is simple and easy to do, does not need to determine new laser-impact technological parameter, by force
The surface compress residual stresses for changing region are significantly increased with residual compressive stress layer depth, have higher residual compressive stress field strength
Degree helps to reduce processing cost, improves and strengthens quality and strengthen efficiency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, smoothing processing is polishing treatment, and polishing treatment is preferably mechanical polishing processing.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the region to be fortified of metal parts 1 to be processed determine according to actual needs is needed, then basis
Surface peening demand selection milled processed or polishing treatment treat strengthening region and carry out smoothing processing, then at through smoothing
The region to be fortified of reason carries out the intensive treatment of laser-impact using set laser-impact technique.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before step a), further includes: determine the region to be fortified of metal parts 1 to be processed.
It is to be fortified according to the determination such as the specific failure mode of parts to be processed 1 during military service in the embodiment of the present invention
Region, and determine the region to be fortified for needing to become apparent from strengthening effect.When there are many places invalid positions or different zones to occur
When the complexity difference of failure but failure, if being carried out at surface peening to all positions or just for most vulnerable position
Reason, it may appear that situations such as invalid position shifts need to be tested by failure analysis with the best strengthening region of determination.
Failure analysis test includes tension test and/or fatigue test, is tested by failure analysis and determines parts to be processed
The invalid position that will appear during military service most needs the region for carrying out intensive treatment.Identical laser impact intensified parameter
Under the conditions of, the high region to be fortified of surface roughness can obtain relatively poor strengthening effect.For because of high surfaces roughness
Strengthening effect is caused to have the regional area reduced by a relatively large margin, need to handle by smoothing subtracts surface roughness realization obviously
It is small；And for causing strengthening effect to have the regional area slightly lowered because of high surface roughness, then need relatively low surface thick
Rugosity reduces degree.For example, strengthening effect if the initial surface roughness Ra in the region to be fortified of metal parts to be processed 1 is 5 μm
It is 2 μm that the surface roughness in region to be fortified can be reduced to Ra by milled processed by the region that fruit slightly weakens, and strengthens effect
It is 1 μm that the surface roughness in region to be fortified then can be reduced to Ra by grinding plus polishing treatment by the region that fruit substantially weakens；
If the initial surface roughness Ra in the region to be fortified of metal parts 1 to be processed is 3 μm, the region that strengthening effect slightly weakens can
It is 1 μm that the surface roughness in region to be fortified, which is reduced to Ra, by mechanical polishing processing, and strengthening effect substantially weakens relatively
Region then can by electrobrightening handle by the surface roughness in region to be fortified be reduced to Ra be 0.5 μm.To gold to be processed
After the laser-impact processing of whole progress same process parameter in region to be fortified for belonging to part 1, different location surface quality is not
There is difference with will lead to Effect of Laser Shock Processing.The embodiment of the present invention needs the area to be fortified to metal parts 1 to be processed
Domain carries out surface peening Characterization result, determines the gap in different location region to be fortified and target strengthening effect.
In the embodiment of the present invention, strengthening region is treated according to surface peening demand and carries out smoothing processing, at grinding
Reason and/or polishing treatment reduce the surface roughness in region to be fortified.Surface peening demand refers specifically to region to be fortified existing
The practical strengthening effect that obtains under the conditions of surface quality and target strengthening effect are there are when gap, the raising journey of surface peening effect
Degree.And surface peening effect then refers to one depthkeeping of indices and surface layer of 1 internal residual compression field of metal parts to be processed
Microscopic structure variation in degree etc., surface peening effect needs are determined according to actual requirement.Polishing treatment is than grinding
Processing is easier that region to be fortified is made to obtain preferably surface quality.It is to be fortified to high surface roughness relative to milled processed
Region is processed by shot blasting, laser-impact intensity may make to have raising by a larger margin.
The profile arithmetic average error Ra of region surface to be fortified after sand paper milled processed is greater than 3 μm, and through machinery
The profile arithmetic average error Ra of region surface to be fortified after polishing treatment is less than 1 μm.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the processing mode of laser-impact is point-by-point processing, and point-by-point processing is specially to use mechanical arm
It moves, the processing mode of laser-impact once.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after step a), before step b), further includes:
Through smoothing, treated that region surface to be fortified successively coats absorbed layer and restraint layer.
In the embodiment of the present invention, absorbed layer is black belt or pitch-dark.
In the embodiment of the present invention, restraint layer is deionization water curtain or K9 glass.
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
The metal parts to be processed of the embodiment of the present invention is 304 stainless steel materials.Please see Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, it is followed successively by this hair
It is handled in bright embodiment through mechanical polishing, the region to be fortified through 800# sand paper milled processed and through 200# sand paper milled processed,
The surface roughness Ra in region to be fortified is followed successively by 0.822 μm, 3.243 μm and 3.749 μm.By above-mentioned through different surface treatment
Region to be fortified carries out laser-impact, and laser-impact processing carries out on pulse laser, laser beam spot sizes 3mm, laser
Energy is 8.5J, and cross/vertical overlapping rate of pulse width 18ns, laser beam are 30%, and absorbed layer is black tape, and restraint layer is
Deionization water curtain.Please refer to Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, be followed successively by the embodiment of the present invention through mechanical polishing processing, through 800# sand paper grinding at
Reason and the strengthening region obtained after the region to be fortified of 200# sand paper milled processed carries out laser-impact, the surface of strengthening region
Roughness Ra is followed successively by 4.073 μm, 3.397 μm and 3.835 μm, compared with region to be fortified, surface roughness increment △ Ra according to
Secondary is 3.332 μm, 0.154 μm and 0.086 μm.
The variation of surface roughness directly reflects the plastic deformation degree of metal parts to be processed under external force.It is logical
Cross surface roughness laser-impact before and after the processing increment variation can be with the plastic deformation of qualitative characterization's metal parts to be processed
The variation degree of amount also shows the different actual processing intensity of laser-impact processing.For the gold to be processed of milled processed
Belong to part, the surface roughness in region to be fortified is all larger than 3 μm, and laser-impact processing is lower than its surface roughness increment △ Ra
0.2μm；For the metal parts to be processed of mechanical polishing processing, the surface roughness in region to be fortified be reduced to 1 μm of Ra with
Under, laser-impact processing makes its surface roughness increment △ Ra be higher than 3.3 μm.The above results show using mechanical polishing reduce to
The surface roughness of strengthening region can significantly increase the practical function intensity of laser-impact processing.
Embodiment 2
Introducing residual compressive stress is the main reason that laser-impact processing improves the military services performances such as fatigue of materials, residual pressure
Stress value is bigger, and the intensity for illustrating laser-impact processing is higher.During X-ray detection, the halfwidth of metal material diffraction maximum
The variation of material internal microscopic structure is reflected, for example, the microscopic structures result of variations such as dislocation configuration, elastic energy storage density and fault
It will lead to the widthization of diffraction spectral line.Embodiment 1 is handled through mechanical polishing, is ground through 800# sand paper milled processed and through 200# sand paper
After the region to be fortified of mill processing carries out laser-impact, region of being strengthened is detected its surface residual using X-ray stress gauge and is answered
Power (RS) and X-ray diffraction halfwidth (FWHM), each strengthening region takes no less than 3 positions to be detected, and takes to result
Average value.The results are shown in Table 1, the results showed that relative to 800# sand paper milled processed and 200# sand paper milled processed, not to 304
After rust Steel material carries out mechanical polishing processing, region to be fortified obtains lesser surface roughness, then carries out laser-impact processing,
It introduces relatively high residual compressive stress and generates the widthization of more obvious X-ray diffraction spectral line, as a result from residual compressive stress and aobvious
Micro-assembly robot variation aspect confirms that the surface roughness for reducing region to be fortified using mechanical polishing can be improved laser-impact
Practical function intensity.
The residual stress of strengthening region that table 1 obtains after the region to be fortified of different surface treatment carries out laser-impact and
X-ray diffraction halfwidth data
| Smoothing processing mode | Surface residual stress (RS) | X-ray diffraction halfwidth (FWHM) |
| Mechanical polishing | -330MPa | 1.81° |
| The grinding of 800# sand paper | -298MPa | 1.72° |
| The grinding of 200# sand paper | -233MPa | 1.67° |
Comparative example 1
The stainless steel sample that surface roughness Ra is 0.822 μm is obtained after mechanically polishing in embodiment is carrying out embodiment 1
Described in laser-impact treated surface roughness increment △ Ra be 3.332 μm；And it is obtained after 800# sand paper mechanical lapping
Laser-impact treated surface roughness increment △ of the stainless steel sample that surface roughness Ra is 3.243 μm in identical parameters
Ra is only 0.154 μm.The sample with high surfaces roughness is improved by the way of changing laser-impact technological parameter
Laser-impact intensity obtains following result: for after 800# sand paper mechanical lapping obtain surface roughness Ra be 3.243 μm not
Become rusty steel curved beam, improves the laser power density of laser-impact processing in such a way that laser energy is 9J to improve laser-impact
Action intensity, it is changed laser energy laser-impact processing after, surface roughness improve to Ra be 4.012
μm, can be calculated surface roughness increment △ Ra is 0.769 μm, shows that the plastic deformation degree of material surface has increase, but increase
Big degree, which is far below, to be carried out sample by mechanical polishing method to reduce initial surface roughness bring effect；In addition, right
Sample after 800# sand paper mechanical lapping improve the laser-impact processing of laser energy, the black tape on stainless steel sample surface
The ablation phenomen of absorbed layer is obvious, shows impracticable come the method for improving laser-impact intensity by increasing laser power density.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of laser shock peening method, which comprises the following steps:
A) smoothing processing is carried out by the surface roughness in the region to be fortified to the region to be fortified of metal parts to be processed
It is reduced to profile arithmetic average error Ra less than 3 μm；
B) laser-impact, region of being strengthened are carried out to the strengthening region handled through the smoothing.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein smoothing processing is polishing treatment.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein before step a), further includes: determine the metal to be processed
The region to be fortified of part.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein through the smoothing treated region surface to be fortified
Profile arithmetic average error Ra is less than 1 μm.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the processing mode of the laser-impact is point-by-point processing.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein after step a), before step b), further includes:
Through the smoothing, treated that region surface to be fortified successively coats absorbed layer and restraint layer.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the absorbed layer is black belt or pitch-dark.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the restraint layer is deionization water curtain or K9 glass.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811253183.2A CN109136529A (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | A kind of laser shock peening method |
| PCT/CN2019/099029 WO2020082846A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2019-08-02 | Laser shock strengthening method |
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| CN201811253183.2A CN109136529A (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | A kind of laser shock peening method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020082846A1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | 广东工业大学 | Laser shock strengthening method |
| CN112779413A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-11 | 山东大学 | Load transfer type unequal-strength laser impact method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108085479A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of temperature-controlled laser shock peening high temperature stability maintenance method and apparatus |
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| DE10228743B4 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2005-05-04 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for smoothing and polishing surfaces by machining with laser radiation |
| CN102676750A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for compositely modifying medical titanium alloy by laser gas nitriding and impacting |
| CN103320800B (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-07-29 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method and apparatus improving stainless steel weld joint erosion resistance |
| CN105648201A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-08 | 江苏大学 | Method for improving repairing effect of self-repairing material through laser shock waves |
| CN109136529A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of laser shock peening method |
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- 2018-10-25 CN CN201811253183.2A patent/CN109136529A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108085479A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | A kind of temperature-controlled laser shock peening high temperature stability maintenance method and apparatus |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020082846A1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | 广东工业大学 | Laser shock strengthening method |
| CN112779413A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-11 | 山东大学 | Load transfer type unequal-strength laser impact method |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |