CN109128542A - A kind of method of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core - Google Patents
A kind of method of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core Download PDFInfo
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- CN109128542A CN109128542A CN201811170281.XA CN201811170281A CN109128542A CN 109128542 A CN109128542 A CN 109128542A CN 201811170281 A CN201811170281 A CN 201811170281A CN 109128542 A CN109128542 A CN 109128542A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
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Abstract
A kind of method of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core, inner frame and filter screen position to be welded first to stainless steel seawater filter core carries out surface preparation, then position to be welded is fixed with fixture, secondly, spot welding is carried out on interior skeleton surface according to filtration ring net number to position to be welded using laser spot welding to fix, solder paste is coated in surface to be welded later, finally remaining position to be welded other than laser spot welding position is brazed using vacuum brazing again, to complete the welding of stainless steel seawater filter core.Laser spot welding of the present invention-vacuum brazing composite welding is when connecting steel since temperature is lower, joint can be effectively prevent to generate nitride, carbide, carbonitride to reduce its performance, structure property variation issue is avoided, the connector zero defect, cleanliness after welding are high, have excellent performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stainless steel seawater filter core in seawater cleaning field, specifically a kind of laser spot welding and vacuum
The method for being brazed composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core.
Background technique
The seawater filter core component important as sea water purifier, by inner frame, filtering layer protective net, filter screen, outer protective net etc.
Composition, main connection method have melting welding, built-up welding, thermal sintering etc..
And in the prior art, stainless steel seawater filter core is presently mainly manual electric arc welding, but due to filter screen with it is interior
Skeleton solder joint is more, tie point is small, is easy to appear and does not burn-on or the defects of lack of penetration, corrode, burn-through, welding efficiency is especially low, together
When need a large amount of wlding.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in the prior art using manual electric arc welding come the welding is not firm existing for soldering stainless steel seawater filter core,
The problems such as corrode, low welding efficiency, the present invention provides a kind of complex welding method for stainless steel seawater filter core, the welding
The base material of method hardly melts, and temperature is lower when can not only improve the bonding strength and mechanical property of connector, and weld,
Joint can be effectively prevent to generate nitride, carbide, carbonitride to reduce its performance, structure property variation is avoided to ask
It inscribes, the connector zero defect, cleanliness after welding are high, have excellent performance.
The present invention to solve above-mentioned technical problem used by technical solution are as follows: a kind of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing are compound
The method of soldering stainless steel seawater filter core, the first inner frame to stainless steel seawater filter core and filter screen position to be welded carry out surface
Pretreatment, then fix position to be welded with fixture, secondly, using laser spot welding to position to be welded according to filtration ring net number in in-seam
Frame surface carries out spot welding and fixes, and solder paste is coated in surface to be welded later, finally again using vacuum brazing in addition to laser point
Welding position is set remaining outer position to be welded and is brazed, so that the welding of stainless steel seawater filter core is completed, the behaviour of the vacuum brazing
Make as follows: 1) surface to be welded that laser spot welding has been fixed being assembled using fixture, prefabricated solder paste is coated, then by entire work
Part is put into vacuum chamber；2) vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is set as 10-6~10-4Pa；3) set temperature control unit is heated to
1047~1239 DEG C so that solder paste melts, and keeps the temperature 45-55s；4) after the completion of keeping the temperature, natural cooling, workpiece to be welded is cooled to
When room temperature, vacuum chamber air admission unit is opened, when intracavitary external pressure is identical, vacuum chamber unit is opened, takes out workpiece, that is, complete not
The welding of rust steel seawater filter core.
In the present invention, the concrete operations of the laser spot welding are as follows:
1) inner frame and filter screen to be welded are fixed with fixture, it is as follows then sets laser spot welding technological parameter: swashing
Optical power is 400~500W, and the spot welding time is 120~180ms, and speed of welding is 5~8mm/s, and the focal length of lens is φ 50 × 100
50 × 120mm of~φ, light frequency is 10~15HZ out；
2) laser spot welding is carried out with above-mentioned laser spot welding technological parameter, and in initial 0.5ms, rises to laser power from 0
Then 100% total power continues 8.5~9ms in 100% total power, laser point welder is completed within lasting this period
Make, laser power is then made to drop to 0 from 100% total power rapidly in 0.4ms.
In the present invention, the surface preparation is followed successively by mechanical polishing, prepares electrolytic polishing liquid and electrobrightening, specifically
It operates as follows:
1) it mechanically polishes
The workpiece surface that welds will be needed to carry out polishing processing, workpiece to be welded successively pass through 100#, 400#, 600#, 800#,
1000#, 1500# and 2000# Wet-dry abrasive paper for metallograph mechanical polishing after, then with pleuche polishing cloth cooperation M1.5 polishing agent
It is mechanically polished；
2) electrolytic polishing liquid is prepared
Perchloric acid and ethyl alcohol are mixed with the ratio of volume fraction 1:4, obtain electrolytic polishing liquid；Electrolytic polishing liquid need to shift to an earlier date
It prepares and completes for 24 hours, and standing time is unsuitable too long, is usually no more than 14 days；
3) electrobrightening
The electrolytic polishing liquid prepared using step 2 carries out electrobrightening, electrobrightening to the workpiece by step 1) mechanical polishing
DC voltage is 15~20V, and electric current is 1.0~1.5A, and temperature is -20 DEG C~-30 DEG C, and polishing time is 40~75s；
4) after electrobrightening, workpiece is removed to the acid solution on its surface, i.e. completion surface preparation using ethyl alcohol cleaning.
Solder paste used in the present invention preferably uses following component, and according to weight ratio, 25~28 are contained in the solder paste
Pd, 2.8~5.8 parts of the plating vanadium graphene, 39~46 parts of Ni, 36~39 parts of Cr, 12~15 parts of Mn, 7~11 parts of part
Re, Si and 2~5.5 of 6~9 parts part of B.
Above-mentioned solder paste the preparation method is as follows:
1) each component is weighed according to the ratio, and is milled to the powder that partial size is 128 microns, it is spare；
2) water based adhesive is prepared
According to weight ratio, 36 parts of trbasic zinc phosphate, 45 parts of ammonium chloride, 15 parts of polyethylene glycol and 14 parts of alpha-cyanoacrylate are weighed
Butyl ester is uniformly mixed and water based adhesive is made, spare；
3) according to weight ratio, the water that the powder, 15 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of step 2 of the preparation of 70 parts of step 1) are prepared is weighed respectively
Based binder and 5 parts of acetone, it is spare；
4) it is evenly stirred until after mixing distilled water load weighted in step 3), water based adhesive and acetone and is generated without precipitating, it
Load weighted powder is added in it again afterwards and is stirred evenly, and is 0.5 × 10 in vacuum degree by it-5It is made under conditions of MPa
Paste getting the product.
In the present invention, it is described plating vanadium graphene the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) graphene oxide is taken, it is conventionally successively roughened, is sensitized and is activated；
2) graphene oxide after sensitized treatment is put into reducing agent and is restored, reduced graphene is made after washing, drying,
It is spare；Reducing agent preferentially selects hydrazine hydrate；
3) plating vanadium is carried out on reduced graphene surface using conventional electrodeposition process, plating vanadium graphene is made；The ginseng of electrodeposition process
Number is preferably as follows: current density: 1.5~3A/dm2, temperature: 32~39 DEG C, pH value is 5.5~7.2, the sulphur of divalent vanadium ion
58~81g/L of hydrochlorate, 6.2~7.9g/L of lauryl sodium sulfate, 33~48g/L of nickel chloride, 2.5~4 μm/h of deposition rate；
4) the plating vanadium that load has nickel ion is made in plating vanadium graphene surface deposited metal nickel ion using direct current magnetron sputtering process
Graphene；The parameter of direct current magnetron sputtering process is preferably as follows, and target is the vanadium nickel of purity 99.99% (vanadium nickel mass ratio is 2:3)
Alloys target, substrate are glass slide, 0.6~0.8kV of voltage power, vacuum degree (1.5~2.1) × 10-4When Pa, it is passed through purity
99.99% argon gas is 3~4.5min as electric discharge and sputter gas, 120~160W of sputtering power, sedimentation time；
5) there is the plating vanadium graphene of nickel ion to be put into ball grinder load to clay into power, obtain plating vanadium graphene powder, powder
The partial size at end is preferably 86~112 microns.
The present invention utilizes fast laser spot welding speed of welding, registration, is not necessarily to wlding, and inner frame and filter screen are carried out a little
Solid welding is fixed, general 12~16 solder joint, it is only necessary to which 8~9s, weldquality is beautiful, zero defect occurs；Then in other spot printings to be welded
Solder paste is smeared, is welded using vacuum brazing method, one side vacuum brazing is that whole atmosphere heats workpiece, so as to be welded
Seawater filter core homogeneous heating, the defects of not generating residual stress, fire check in welding process, on the other hand, vacuum brazing is true
Altitude is implemented, when liquid solder is connect with stainless steel filtering net and skeleton, the defects of brazed seam interface is not likely to produce stomata, is mingled with,
Guarantee welding quality and performance.Meanwhile in complex welding method, laser, the heat radiation of vacuum environment and stainless steel base material, solder
It does not contact, by light beam and radiant heating, in the welding process without applying pressure；Stainless steel base material is easy to produce at high temperature
High-temerature creep, phase transformation etc., structure property will change, and reduce the performance of welding point, stainless steel during composite welding
It is non-fusible, it can be to avoid above-mentioned structure property variation issue；
The stainless steel seawater filter core for having nickel ion due to joined area load in the application, one side graphene have excellent
The properties such as electricity, calorifics, mechanics, while density is low, structural stability is good, addition, which enters in solder, can be obviously improved solder
Wetability, thermal conductivity and soldering property, by plating vanadium on the surface of graphene, not only prevent graphene in solder paste and liquid solder
Float it is indefinite, make solder ingredient uneven and tissue in there is the problem of oxide, and be greatly enhanced and prepared compound pricker
The tensile strength of material, so that the tensile strength of connector is much higher than it has been reported that on the other hand in plating vanadium graphene area load nickel
Ion, when composite soldering in use, nickel ion is released slowly, since nickel ion is under extremely low concentration, just
The appearance and generation for the defects of being able to suppress nitride in high nitrogen steel, carbide, improve the mechanical property of connector；
When laser spot welding of the present invention is implemented, the initial segment time only has 0.5ms, accurately controls the initial power raised time in this way,
Have the benefit that 1) heating-up time it is short, can accurately find the bond pad locations of stainless steel filtering net accurately, it is high-efficient；Improve laser hair
The utilization rate of the emitter energy, it is at low cost.The ending segment time only has 0.4ms, the time that such accurate power control reduces, have with
Lower benefit: 1) temperature fall time is very short, can accurately control the range of stainless steel filtering net welding heat affected zone, prevents through welding, burn-through
The defects of occur；2) the laser emitter energy is saved, the quality of connection of stainless steel filtering net, energy-saving consumption-reducing are improved；
And in vacuum brazing, the present invention controls vacuum degree using vacuum pump and vacuum meter, and one side whole process is in vacuum ring
Implement under border, so that impurity element, ambient atmos can not participate in reacting in welding process, thus the connector zero defect, clean obtained
Cleanliness is high, has excellent performance；On the other hand, vacuum degree is accurately controlled, weld seam can be cannot be introduced into so that in welding process, the external world is mingled with,
Welding quality is high.Meanwhile 1047~1239 DEG C of solder paste fusion temperature, 45~55s of heat preservation is carried out, is done so: due to vacuum pricker
Furnace temperature setting is compared pricker in order to enable solder becomes molten state by the true temperature and brazing filler metal melts temperature Incomplete matching of brazier
Expect that cream liquidus temperature is 50~100 DEG C high, it is ensured that solid-state solder paste is completely melt to carry out wetting and spreading for liquid, be brazed
The stand-off height for adequately filling up stainless steel filtering net and skeleton by capillarity in the process can prevent not burn-on, incomplete penetration etc.
Defect occurs.
The coordinated regulation effect of each element is as follows in solder paste used in the present invention:
Pd can dissolve each other with elements such as nickel, silicon, rhenium, manganese, can form solid solution, improve the intensity resistant to high temperatures of solder and connector；It is
Connect aluminium/high nitrogen steel dissimilar material steel side one of the chief elements；
Ni can improve solder wetting, improve soldering joint strength, corrosion resistance, and purification brazed seam crystal boundary improves solder processability
Can, it is one of connection aluminium/most important element in high nitrogen steel dissimilar material steel side；
Cr can be infinitely dissolved with nickel, manganese, and solder and strength of joint, corrosion resistance can be improved, and be connection aluminium/high nitrogen steel dissimilar material
One of most important element in steel side；
Mn can reduce fusion temperature, improve solder wetting, have secondary deoxidation；Solder microhardness can be improved simultaneously
And elevated temperature strength；
Re added in solder it is seldom, be rarely reported, solder of the present invention adds rhenium element, improves the seam-filling ability of solder, mentions
The joint capacity of high solder.
Si can improve solder wetting, refine solder tissue, improve the intensity of solder and soldered fitting；It can be with shape with aluminium
At eutectic, the mass fraction of eutectic point Si is 11.7%, is connection aluminium/most important element of high nitrogen steel dissimilar material aluminum side；
B can improve the plasticity of solder, enhance the spreadability and mobility of solder, be connection aluminium/high nitrogen steel dissimilar material aluminum side
One of most important element；
Plating vanadium graphene can regulate and control solder tissue and Weld Performance, the tensile strength of connector be improved, so that the mechanical property of solder
Can be more excellent, it is to guarantee one of most important material of stainless steel seawater filter core bonding strength.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
1) steel base material of the present invention is almost non-fusible, so that nitrogen is not lost, overcomes the stomata disadvantage of prior welding mode, makes
Obtain nitrogen almost free of losses；Moreover, because steel base material is almost non-fusible, i.e., without deformation, connector is improved to a certain extent
Bonding strength and mechanical property, welding joint shaping are very good；
2) laser of the present invention, vacuum radiation are not contacted with base material, solder, by radiant heating, in the welding process without applying
Pressure；And whole process is implemented under vacuum conditions, so that impurity element, ambient atmos can not participate in instead in welding process
It answers, thus the connector zero defect of acquisition, cleanliness are high, have excellent performance；
3) laser spot welding of the present invention-vacuum brazing composite welding can effectively prevent and connect when connecting steel since temperature is lower
Nitride, carbide, carbonitride are generated at head to reduce its performance；
4) in prior art weld, steel base material is easy to produce high-temerature creep, phase transformation etc. at high temperature, and structure property will become
Change, reduces the performance of welding point, and during the composite welding of the application, steel base material is almost non-fusible, can be to avoid upper
State structure property variation issue；
5) used in the present invention in solder paste containing elements such as palladium, nickel, manganese, chromium, not only can with effective wetting steel, but also with steel base material
Virtually limitless solid solution forms metallurgical bonding, enhances the mechanical property of connector.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated and is illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core, first to stainless steel seawater filter core
Inner frame and filter screen position to be welded carry out surface preparation, then position to be welded are fixed with fixture, secondly, using laser spot welding
Spot welding is carried out on interior skeleton surface according to filtration ring net number to position to be welded to fix, and solder paste is coated in surface to be welded later,
Finally remaining position to be welded other than laser spot welding position is brazed using vacuum brazing again, to complete stainless steel sea
The operation of the welding of water filter core, the vacuum brazing is as follows: 1) being filled using fixture to the surface to be welded that laser spot welding has been fixed
Match, coat prefabricated solder paste, then entire workpiece is put into vacuum chamber；2) vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is set as 10-6Pa；3) it sets
Determine temperature control unit, is heated to 1047 DEG C so that solder paste melts, and keeps the temperature 45s；4) after the completion of keeping the temperature, natural cooling, to
When welder's part is cooled to room temperature, vacuum chamber air admission unit is opened, when intracavitary external pressure is identical, vacuum chamber unit is opened, takes out
Workpiece completes the welding of stainless steel seawater filter core；
Wherein, the concrete operations of the laser spot welding are as follows:
1) by diameter to be welded be 1.0mm inner frame and aperture be that the filter screens of 6 mesh is fixed with fixture, then setting swashs
Light spot welding parameter is as follows: laser power 400W, and the spot welding time is 120ms, speed of welding 5mm/s, and the focal length of lens is
50 × 100mm of φ, light frequency is 10HZ out；
2) laser spot welding is carried out with above-mentioned laser spot welding technological parameter, and in initial 0.5ms, rises to laser power from 0
Then 100% total power continues 8.5ms in 100% total power, laser spot welding work is completed within lasting this period,
Then laser power is made to drop to 0 from 100% total power rapidly in 0.4ms.
Wherein, the surface preparation is followed successively by mechanical polishing, prepares electrolytic polishing liquid and electrobrightening, concrete operations
It is as follows:
1) it mechanically polishes
The workpiece surface that welds will be needed to carry out polishing processing, workpiece to be welded successively pass through 100#, 400#, 600#, 800#,
1000#, 1500# and 2000# Wet-dry abrasive paper for metallograph mechanical polishing after, then with pleuche polishing cloth cooperation M1.5 polishing agent
It is mechanically polished；
2) electrolytic polishing liquid is prepared
Perchloric acid and ethyl alcohol are mixed with the ratio of volume fraction 1:4, obtain electrolytic polishing liquid；Electrolytic polishing liquid need to shift to an earlier date
It prepares and completes for 24 hours, and standing time is unsuitable too long, is usually no more than 14 days；
3) electrobrightening
The electrolytic polishing liquid prepared using step 2 carries out electrobrightening, electrobrightening to the workpiece by step 1) mechanical polishing
DC voltage is 15V, and electric current 1.0A, temperature is -20 DEG C, polishing time 40s；
4) after electrobrightening, workpiece is removed to the acid solution on its surface, i.e. completion surface preparation using ethyl alcohol cleaning.
In the present embodiment, solder paste used uses following component, and according to weight ratio, 25 parts are contained in the solder paste
Pd, 2.8 parts of plating vanadium graphene, 39 parts of Ni, 36 parts of Cr, 12 parts of Mn, 7 parts of Re, Si and 2 of 6 parts part of B；
Above-mentioned solder paste the preparation method is as follows:
1) each component is weighed according to the ratio, and is milled to the powder that partial size is 128 microns, it is spare；
2) water based adhesive is prepared
According to weight ratio, 36 parts of trbasic zinc phosphate, 45 parts of ammonium chloride, 15 parts of polyethylene glycol and 14 parts of alpha-cyanoacrylate are weighed
Butyl ester is uniformly mixed and water based adhesive is made, spare；
3) according to weight ratio, the water that the powder, 15 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of step 2 of the preparation of 70 parts of step 1) are prepared is weighed respectively
Based binder and 5 parts of acetone, it is spare；
4) it is evenly stirred until after mixing distilled water load weighted in step 3), water based adhesive and acetone and is generated without precipitating, it
Load weighted powder is added in it again afterwards and is stirred evenly, and is 0.5 × 10 in vacuum degree by it-5It is made under conditions of MPa
Paste getting the product.
In the present embodiment, it is described plating vanadium graphene the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) graphene oxide is taken, it is conventionally successively roughened, is sensitized and is activated；
2) graphene oxide after sensitized treatment is put into reducing agent and is restored, reduced graphene is made after washing, drying,
It is spare；Reducing agent selects commercially available hydrazine hydrate；
3) plating vanadium is carried out on reduced graphene surface using conventional electrodeposition process, plating vanadium graphene is made；The ginseng of electrodeposition process
Number are as follows: current density: 1.5A/dm2, temperature: 32 DEG C, pH value 5.5, the sulfate 58g/L of divalent vanadium ion, dodecyl
Sodium sulphate 6.2g/L, nickel chloride 33g/L, 2.5 μm/h of deposition rate；
4) the plating vanadium that load has nickel ion is made in plating vanadium graphene surface deposited metal nickel ion using direct current magnetron sputtering process
Graphene；The parameter of direct current magnetron sputtering process is that target is vanadium nickel (vanadium nickel mass ratio is 2:3) alloy of purity 99.99%
Target, substrate are glass slide, voltage power 0.6kV, vacuum degree 1.5 × 10-4When Pa, the argon gas of purity 99.99% is passed through as electric discharge
And sputter gas, sputtering power 120W, sedimentation time 3min；
5) there is the plating vanadium graphene of nickel ion to be put into ball grinder load to clay into power, obtain plating vanadium graphene powder, powder
The partial size at end is 86 microns.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core, first to stainless steel seawater filter core
Inner frame and filter screen position to be welded carry out surface preparation, then position to be welded are fixed with fixture, secondly, using laser spot welding
Spot welding is carried out on interior skeleton surface according to filtration ring net number to position to be welded to fix, and solder paste is coated in surface to be welded later,
Finally remaining position to be welded other than laser spot welding position is brazed using vacuum brazing again, to complete stainless steel sea
The operation of the welding of water filter core, the vacuum brazing is as follows: 1) being filled using fixture to the surface to be welded that laser spot welding has been fixed
Match, coat prefabricated solder paste, then entire workpiece is put into vacuum chamber；2) vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is set as 10-4Pa；3) it sets
Determine temperature control unit, is heated to 1239 DEG C so that solder paste melts, and keeps the temperature 55s；4) after the completion of keeping the temperature, natural cooling, to
When welder's part is cooled to room temperature, vacuum chamber air admission unit is opened, when intracavitary external pressure is identical, vacuum chamber unit is opened, takes out
Workpiece completes the welding of stainless steel seawater filter core；
Wherein, the concrete operations of the laser spot welding are as follows:
1) by diameter to be welded be 2.2mm inner frame and aperture be that the filter screens of 10 mesh is fixed with fixture, then set
Laser spot welding technological parameter is as follows: laser power 500W, and the spot welding time is 180ms, speed of welding 8mm/s, the focal length of lens
For 50 × 120mm of φ, light frequency is 15HZ out；
2) laser spot welding is carried out with above-mentioned laser spot welding technological parameter, and in initial 0.5ms, rises to laser power from 0
Then 100% total power continues 9ms in 100% total power, laser spot welding work is completed within lasting this period, so
Laser power is set to drop to 0 from 100% total power rapidly in 0.4ms afterwards.
Wherein, the surface preparation is followed successively by mechanical polishing, prepares electrolytic polishing liquid and electrobrightening, concrete operations
It is as follows:
1) it mechanically polishes
The workpiece surface that welds will be needed to carry out polishing processing, workpiece to be welded successively pass through 100#, 400#, 600#, 800#,
1000#, 1500# and 2000# Wet-dry abrasive paper for metallograph mechanical polishing after, then with pleuche polishing cloth cooperation M1.5 polishing agent
It is mechanically polished；
2) electrolytic polishing liquid is prepared
Perchloric acid and ethyl alcohol are mixed with the ratio of volume fraction 1:4, obtain electrolytic polishing liquid；Electrolytic polishing liquid need to shift to an earlier date
It prepares and completes for 24 hours, and standing time is unsuitable too long, is usually no more than 14 days；
3) electrobrightening
The electrolytic polishing liquid prepared using step 2 carries out electrobrightening, electrobrightening to the workpiece by step 1) mechanical polishing
DC voltage is 20V, and electric current 1.5A, temperature is -30 DEG C, polishing time 75s；
4) after electrobrightening, workpiece is removed to the acid solution on its surface, i.e. completion surface preparation using ethyl alcohol cleaning.
In the present embodiment, solder paste used uses following component, and according to weight ratio, 28 parts are contained in the solder paste
Pd, 5.8 parts of plating vanadium graphene, 46 parts of Ni, 39 parts of Cr, 15 parts of Mn, 11 parts of Re, Si and 5.5 of 9 parts part of B；
Above-mentioned solder paste the preparation method is as follows:
1) each component is weighed according to the ratio, and is milled to the powder that partial size is 128 microns, it is spare；
2) water based adhesive is prepared
According to weight ratio, 36 parts of trbasic zinc phosphate, 45 parts of ammonium chloride, 15 parts of polyethylene glycol and 14 parts of alpha-cyanoacrylate are weighed
Butyl ester is uniformly mixed and water based adhesive is made, spare；
3) according to weight ratio, the water that the powder, 15 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of step 2 of the preparation of 70 parts of step 1) are prepared is weighed respectively
Based binder and 5 parts of acetone, it is spare；
4) it is evenly stirred until after mixing distilled water load weighted in step 3), water based adhesive and acetone and is generated without precipitating, it
Load weighted powder is added in it again afterwards and is stirred evenly, and is 0.5 × 10 in vacuum degree by it-5It is made under conditions of MPa
Paste getting the product.
In the present embodiment, it is described plating vanadium graphene the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) graphene oxide is taken, it is conventionally successively roughened, is sensitized and is activated；
2) graphene oxide after sensitized treatment is put into reducing agent and is restored, reduced graphene is made after washing, drying,
It is spare；Reducing agent selects commercially available hydrazine hydrate；
3) plating vanadium is carried out on reduced graphene surface using conventional electrodeposition process, plating vanadium graphene is made；The ginseng of electrodeposition process
Number are as follows: current density: 3A/dm2, temperature: 39 DEG C, pH value 7.2, the sulfate 81g/L of divalent vanadium ion, dodecyl sulphur
Sour sodium 7.9g/L, nickel chloride 48g/L, 4 μm/h of deposition rate；
4) the plating vanadium that load has nickel ion is made in plating vanadium graphene surface deposited metal nickel ion using direct current magnetron sputtering process
Graphene；The parameter of direct current magnetron sputtering process is that target is vanadium nickel (vanadium nickel mass ratio is 2:3) alloy of purity 99.99%
Target, substrate are glass slide, voltage power 0.8kV, vacuum degree 2.1 × 10-4When Pa, the argon gas of purity 99.99% is passed through as electric discharge
And sputter gas, sputtering power 160W, sedimentation time 4.5min；
5) there is the plating vanadium graphene of nickel ion to be put into ball grinder load to clay into power, obtain plating vanadium graphene powder, powder
The partial size at end is 112 microns.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core, first to stainless steel seawater filter core
Inner frame and filter screen position to be welded carry out surface preparation, then position to be welded are fixed with fixture, secondly, using laser spot welding
Spot welding is carried out on interior skeleton surface according to filtration ring net number to position to be welded to fix, and solder paste is coated in surface to be welded later,
Finally remaining position to be welded other than laser spot welding position is brazed using vacuum brazing again, to complete stainless steel sea
The operation of the welding of water filter core, the vacuum brazing is as follows: 1) being filled using fixture to the surface to be welded that laser spot welding has been fixed
Match, coat prefabricated solder paste, then entire workpiece is put into vacuum chamber；2) vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is set as 10-5Pa；3) it sets
Determine temperature control unit, is heated to 1143 DEG C so that solder paste melts, and keeps the temperature 50s；4) after the completion of keeping the temperature, natural cooling, to
When welder's part is cooled to room temperature, vacuum chamber air admission unit is opened, when intracavitary external pressure is identical, vacuum chamber unit is opened, takes out
Workpiece completes the welding of stainless steel seawater filter core；
Wherein, the concrete operations of the laser spot welding are as follows:
1) by diameter to be welded be 1.6mm inner frame and aperture be that the filter screens of 8 mesh is fixed with fixture, then setting swashs
Light spot welding parameter is as follows: laser power 450W, and the spot welding time is 150ms, speed of welding 6.5mm/s, the focal length of lens
For 50 × 110mm of φ, light frequency is 12.5HZ out；
2) laser spot welding is carried out with above-mentioned laser spot welding technological parameter, and in initial 0.5ms, rises to laser power from 0
Then 100% total power continues 8.75ms in 100% total power, laser spot welding work is completed within lasting this period,
Then laser power is made to drop to 0 from 100% total power rapidly in 0.4ms.
Wherein, the surface preparation is followed successively by mechanical polishing, prepares electrolytic polishing liquid and electrobrightening, concrete operations
It is as follows:
1) it mechanically polishes
The workpiece surface that welds will be needed to carry out polishing processing, workpiece to be welded successively pass through 100#, 400#, 600#, 800#,
1000#, 1500# and 2000# Wet-dry abrasive paper for metallograph mechanical polishing after, then with pleuche polishing cloth cooperation M1.5 polishing agent
It is mechanically polished；
2) electrolytic polishing liquid is prepared
Perchloric acid and ethyl alcohol are mixed with the ratio of volume fraction 1:4, obtain electrolytic polishing liquid；Electrolytic polishing liquid need to shift to an earlier date
It prepares and completes for 24 hours, and standing time is unsuitable too long, is usually no more than 14 days；
3) electrobrightening
The electrolytic polishing liquid prepared using step 2 carries out electrobrightening, electrobrightening to the workpiece by step 1) mechanical polishing
DC voltage is 17.5V, and electric current 1.25A, temperature is -25 DEG C, polishing time 60s；
4) after electrobrightening, workpiece is removed to the acid solution on its surface, i.e. completion surface preparation using ethyl alcohol cleaning.
In the present embodiment, solder paste used contains 26.5 in the solder paste according to weight ratio using following component
Part Pd, 4.2 parts of plating vanadium graphene, 42.5 parts of Ni, 37.5 parts of Cr, 13.5 parts of Mn, 9 parts of Re, 7.5 parts of Si and
4 parts of B；
Above-mentioned solder paste the preparation method is as follows:
1) each component is weighed according to the ratio, and is milled to the powder that partial size is 128 microns, it is spare；
2) water based adhesive is prepared
According to weight ratio, 36 parts of trbasic zinc phosphate, 45 parts of ammonium chloride, 15 parts of polyethylene glycol and 14 parts of alpha-cyanoacrylate are weighed
Butyl ester is uniformly mixed and water based adhesive is made, spare；
3) according to weight ratio, the water that the powder, 15 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of step 2 of the preparation of 70 parts of step 1) are prepared is weighed respectively
Based binder and 5 parts of acetone, it is spare；
4) it is evenly stirred until after mixing distilled water load weighted in step 3), water based adhesive and acetone and is generated without precipitating, it
Load weighted powder is added in it again afterwards and is stirred evenly, and is 0.5 × 10 in vacuum degree by it-5It is made under conditions of MPa
Paste getting the product.
In the present embodiment, it is described plating vanadium graphene the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) graphene oxide is taken, it is conventionally successively roughened, is sensitized and is activated；
2) graphene oxide after sensitized treatment is put into reducing agent and is restored, reduced graphene is made after washing, drying,
It is spare；Reducing agent selects commercially available hydrazine hydrate；
3) plating vanadium is carried out on reduced graphene surface using conventional electrodeposition process, plating vanadium graphene is made；The ginseng of electrodeposition process
Number are as follows: current density: 2.25A/dm2, temperature: 35.5 DEG C, pH value 6.3, the sulfate 70g/L of divalent vanadium ion, dodecane
Base sodium sulphate 7g/L, nickel chloride 40g/L, 3.3 μm/h of deposition rate；
4) the plating vanadium that load has nickel ion is made in plating vanadium graphene surface deposited metal nickel ion using direct current magnetron sputtering process
Graphene；The parameter of direct current magnetron sputtering process is that target is vanadium nickel (vanadium nickel mass ratio is 2:3) alloy of purity 99.99%
Target, substrate are glass slide, when voltage power 0.7kV, 1.8 × 10-4Pa of vacuum degree, are passed through the argon gas of purity 99.99% as putting
Electricity and sputter gas, sputtering power 140W, sedimentation time 4min；
5) there is the plating vanadium graphene of nickel ion to be put into ball grinder load to clay into power, obtain plating vanadium graphene powder, powder
The partial size at end is 100 microns.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of laser spot welding and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core, first to stainless steel seawater filter core
Inner frame and filter screen position to be welded carry out surface preparation, then position to be welded is fixed with fixture, secondly, using laser point
Weldering carries out spot welding on interior skeleton surface according to filtration ring net number to position to be welded and fixes, and solder paste is coated on surface to be welded later
In, finally remaining position to be welded other than laser spot welding position is brazed using vacuum brazing again, to complete stainless
The welding of steel seawater filter core, which is characterized in that the operation of the vacuum brazing is as follows: 1) using fixture laser spot welding has been fixed
Surface to be welded assembled, coat prefabricated solder paste, then entire workpiece be put into vacuum chamber；2) vacuum of vacuum chamber is set
Degree is 10-6~10-4Pa；3) set temperature control unit is heated to 1047~1239 DEG C so that solder paste fusing, keeps the temperature 45-
55s；4) after the completion of keeping the temperature, natural cooling when workpiece to be welded is cooled to room temperature, opens vacuum chamber air admission unit, when intracavitary external pressure
When power is identical, vacuum chamber unit is opened, workpiece is taken out, that is, completes the welding of stainless steel seawater filter core.
2. the method for a kind of laser spot welding according to claim 1 and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core,
It is characterized in that, the concrete operations of the laser spot welding are as follows:
1) inner frame and filter screen to be welded are fixed with fixture, it is as follows then sets laser spot welding technological parameter: swashing
Optical power is 400~500W, and the spot welding time is 120~180ms, and speed of welding is 5~8mm/s, and the focal length of lens is φ 50 × 100
50 × 120mm of~φ, light frequency is 10~15HZ out；
2) laser spot welding is carried out with above-mentioned laser spot welding technological parameter, and in initial 0.5ms, rises to laser power from 0
Then 100% total power continues 8.5~9ms in 100% total power, laser point welder is completed within lasting this period
Make, laser power is then made to drop to 0 from 100% total power rapidly in 0.4ms.
3. the method for a kind of laser spot welding according to claim 1 and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core,
It is characterized by: the surface preparation is followed successively by mechanical polishing, prepares electrolytic polishing liquid and electrobrightening, concrete operations are such as
Under:
1) it mechanically polishes
The workpiece surface that welds will be needed to carry out polishing processing, workpiece to be welded successively pass through 100#, 400#, 600#, 800#,
1000#, 1500# and 2000# Wet-dry abrasive paper for metallograph mechanical polishing after, then with pleuche polishing cloth cooperation M1.5 polishing agent
It is mechanically polished；
2) electrolytic polishing liquid is prepared
Perchloric acid and ethyl alcohol are mixed with the ratio of volume fraction 1:4, obtain electrolytic polishing liquid；
3) electrobrightening
The electrolytic polishing liquid prepared using step 2 carries out electrobrightening, electrobrightening to the workpiece by step 1) mechanical polishing
DC voltage is 15~20V, and electric current is 1.0~1.5A, and temperature is -20 DEG C~-30 DEG C, and polishing time is 40~75s；
4) after electrobrightening, workpiece is removed to the acid solution on its surface, i.e. completion surface preparation using ethyl alcohol cleaning.
4. the method for a kind of laser spot welding according to claim 1 and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core,
It is characterized by: according to weight ratio, in the solder paste containing 25~28 parts of Pd, 2.8~5.8 parts of plating vanadium graphene,
39~46 parts of Ni, 36~39 parts of Cr, 12~15 parts of Mn, 7~11 parts of Re, Si and 2~5.5 of 6~9 parts part of B.
5. the method for a kind of laser spot welding according to claim 4 and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core,
It is characterized in that, the solder paste the preparation method is as follows:
1) ratio weighs each component according to claim 4, and is milled to the powder that partial size is 128 microns, spare；
2) water based adhesive is prepared
According to weight ratio, 36 parts of trbasic zinc phosphate, 45 parts of ammonium chloride, 15 parts of polyethylene glycol and 14 parts of alpha-cyanoacrylate are weighed
Butyl ester is uniformly mixed and water based adhesive is made, spare；
3) according to weight ratio, the water that the powder, 15 parts of distilled water, 15 parts of step 2 of the preparation of 70 parts of step 1) are prepared is weighed respectively
Based binder and 5 parts of acetone, it is spare；
4) it is evenly stirred until after mixing distilled water load weighted in step 3), water based adhesive and acetone and is generated without precipitating, it
Load weighted powder is added in it again afterwards and is stirred evenly, and is 0.5 × 10 in vacuum degree by it-5It is made under conditions of MPa
Paste getting the product.
6. the method for a kind of laser spot welding according to claim 4 and vacuum brazing composite welding stainless steel seawater filter core,
It is characterized in that, it is described plating vanadium graphene the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) graphene oxide is taken, it is conventionally successively roughened, is sensitized and is activated；
2) graphene oxide after sensitized treatment is put into reducing agent and is restored, reduced graphene is made after washing, drying,
It is spare；
3) plating vanadium is carried out on reduced graphene surface using conventional electrodeposition process, plating vanadium graphene is made；
4) the plating vanadium that load has nickel ion is made in plating vanadium graphene surface deposited metal nickel ion using direct current magnetron sputtering process
Graphene；
5) there is the plating vanadium graphene of nickel ion to be put into ball grinder load to clay into power, obtain plating vanadium graphene powder.
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