CN109128391A - A kind of gear working method - Google Patents
A kind of gear working method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109128391A CN109128391A CN201811401677.0A CN201811401677A CN109128391A CN 109128391 A CN109128391 A CN 109128391A CN 201811401677 A CN201811401677 A CN 201811401677A CN 109128391 A CN109128391 A CN 109128391A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- boring
- milling machine
- working method
- finishing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F19/02—Lapping gear teeth
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gear working methods, and including roughing cutting process, quenched process, semifinishing process and the finishing passes successively carried out, the semifinishing process and finishing passes include multiple operating procedures；The method that wherein finishing operations in the finishing passes use for, it is processed on cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine using gullet base arc groove of the sintering skin of cemented carbide milling cutter to the gear, after completing the arc groove processing, the engaging portion of the two sides of two sides and the arc groove and the tooth socket to the tooth socket carries out reconditioning.The present invention can easily manufacture gear, while improve production efficiency, shorten the production cycle, reduce cost of gear manufacture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gear mechanism manufacture fields, and in particular to a kind of large scale large modulus medium_and_hard gear processing method.
Background technique
Gear drive is as one of machine driving primary drive form, in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, traffic, machinery
It is widely used.With the enlargement development of equipment, as the gear transmission part of main building block, court is not only needed
The direction of enlargement large modulus, top load, the height under difference applying working conditions such as develop, and high speed, high temperature, heavy duty need to be met
The requirements such as revolving speed, high reliability, long-life, high stationarity.
Large scale large modulus medium_and_hard gear work in-process, is, successively carries out gear blank using traditional handicraft processing method
Rough turn, semi-finishing tooth is quenched, smart car, finishing tooth, finally directly carries out half smart gear hobbing, essence using high cobalt hobboing cutter on gear-hobbing machine
Gear hobbing.High cobalt hobboing cutter machining accuracy is high, but high cobalt hobboing cutter procurement price is extremely expensive simultaneously, and price is the common height of equivalent specifications
5-7 times of fast steel gear hobboing cutter procurement price, and gear is carried out in this traditional handicraft of gear hobbing using gear-hobbing machine, gear
Teeth portion manufacturing cycle is longer.
In consideration of it, overcoming defect present in the above-mentioned prior art is this field urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, production system easily can be carried out to gear the present invention provides a kind of
It makes, while production efficiency can be effectively improved, shorten the production cycle, reduce the large scale large modulus medium_and_hard gear processing of manufacturing cost
Method.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of gear working method, including successively carry out roughing cutting process, quenched process, semifinishing process and
Finishing passes, the operating procedure of the semifinishing process and finishing passes are as follows:
Gear installation positioning fixture is lifted to cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine table core, is put down by step 1
It puts, clamps the gear installation positioning fixture；
Step 2 lifts conditioned treated gear blank part, is placed in the work of the gear installation positioning fixture
In plane, carries out base-level correction process and end correction process and clamp the gear blank part after qualified；
Step 3 installs boring cutter bar on the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine, installs on the boring cutter bar hard
Matter alloy spherical milling cutter, carries out end jump checking process and diameter jumps checking process and fastens the boring cutter bar and the hard after qualified
Alloy spherical milling cutter；
Step 4 successively carries out semifinishing operation using the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine and finishing is grasped
Make；
The method that the finishing operations use for, on the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine use hard alloy
Ball cutter processes the gullet base arc groove of the gear blank part, after completing the arc groove processing, to described
The engaging portion of the two sides of tooth socket and the two sides of the arc groove and the tooth socket carries out reconditioning.
Said gear processing method, wherein during the roughing cutting gear blank part transverse tooth thickness it is unilateral stay it is remaining
5-8 millimeters of amount.
Said gear processing method, wherein the quenching and tempering hardness range of the quenched process is HB300-HB400.
Said gear processing method, wherein the precision during the base-level correction process and the end correction permits
Difference is 0-0.05mm.
Said gear processing method, wherein jump the accuracy tolerances in checking process and diameter jump checking process in the end
For 0-0.03mm.
Said gear processing method, wherein the method that semifinishing operation uses for, in the cnc boring and milling machine or
Half finish-milling of high speed is carried out to the gear blank part using sintering skin of cemented carbide milling cutter on digital-control boring-milling machine.
Said gear processing method, wherein the transverse tooth thickness of gear blank part described in semifinishing operation is unilateral stay it is remaining
0.45-0.50 millimeters of amount.
Said gear processing method, further includes:
The bruting process carried out after above-mentioned finishing passes is completed, gear is carried out using gear grinding machines in the bruting process
Roll flute.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are, compared with prior art, the present invention used in finishing passes in the present invention
Method is, using the sintering skin of cemented carbide milling cutter to the gear blank part on the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine
Gullet base arc groove processed, after completing arc groove processing, two sides and the circular arc to the tooth socket
The engaging portion of the two sides of slot and the tooth socket carries out reconditioning.In the present invention without using high cobalt hobboing cutter gear-hobbing machine to gear into
Row gear hobbing can easily manufacture gear, while improve production efficiency, shorten the production cycle, reduce gear manufacture
Cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Comprising in the present specification and constituting the attached drawing of this specification a part and showing and meet the device of the invention and side
The embodiment of method, and meet advantages of the present invention and principle for explaining together with detailed description.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of gear blank part semifinishing operation；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of gear blank part finishing operations；
Fig. 3 is gear blank part tooth slot structure schematic diagram.
Description of symbols
In attached drawing: 1, cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine；11, workbench；12, boring cutter bar；2, sintering skin of cemented carbide mills
Knife；3, gear blank part；31, tooth socket；311, arc groove；312, side；313, engaging portion；4, gear installs positioning fixture；41,
Working face.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.However, the invention is not limited to be described below
Embodiment.In addition, as long as technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below is each other
Not constituting conflict can be combined with each other, and technical concept of the invention can with other well-known techniques or with those well-known techniques
Identical other technologies combination is implemented.
First embodiment:
A kind of gear working method of the invention, including roughing cutting process, the quenched process, half finishing successively carried out
Work process and finishing passes.Roughing process should be selected in roughing big for the purpose of quickly cutting off blank allowance
The amount of feeding and cutting depth as big as possible complete cutting as much as possible to cut off in a relatively short period of time.Quenched process
Quenching is carried out to materials such as steels and the comprehensive of high tempering is heat-treated, improves steel material comprehensive mechanical property, makes steel
Components obtain the good fit of strength and toughness.Semifinishing process refers to the processing for completing some minor surfaces, is simultaneously
The finishing of major surfaces makees Job readiness, needs to reach certain required precision, and guarantees that there are certain machining allowance.Essence
Process refers to that the process for guaranteeing that major surfaces reach pattern requirement and carry out, main task are to guarantee each master of part
Surface is wanted to reach technical requirements as defined in drawing.The operating procedure of semifinishing process and finishing passes are as follows:
Step 1, as shown in Figure 1, gear installation positioning fixture 4 lifting to cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine is worked
It at 11 center of platform, lays flat, gripper installs positioning fixture 4；
Step 2 lifts conditioned treated gear blank part 3, and the work for being placed in gear installation positioning fixture 4 is flat
On face 41, base-level correction process and end correction process are carried out, after qualified, gripper blank 3；
Step 3 installs boring cutter bar 12 on cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine 1, and hard is installed on boring cutter bar 12 and is closed
Golden ball cutter 2 carries out end and jumps checking process and diameter jump checking process, after qualified, fastens boring cutter bar 12 and sintering skin of cemented carbide
Milling cutter 2；
Step 4 successively carries out semifinishing operation using the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine and finishing is grasped
Make；
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the method that finishing operations use is uses on cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine 1
Sintering skin of cemented carbide milling cutter 2 processes the 31 bottom arc groove 311 of tooth socket of gear blank part 3, completes arc groove 311 and processes
Afterwards, reconditioning is carried out to the engaging portion 313 of the two sides 312 of the two sides 312 of tooth socket 31 and arc groove 311 and tooth socket 31, made
313 rounding off of two sides 312 and engaging portion of tooth socket 31, avoids stress from concentrating, to improve the service life of part.?
In finishing passes, need to carry out numerical control programming on cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine 1 according to the finishing figure of gear, it is more
Axis links to form the finishing curve of output of the flank of tooth, and completes gear tooth slot bottom arc groove 311 according to finishing curve of output
Finishing milling.
Further, as a kind of preferred embodiment, during roughing cutting 3 transverse tooth thickness of gear blank part it is unilateral stay it is remaining
5-8 millimeters of amount.In the range of unilateral made allowance 5-8 millimeters, the subsequent quenched deformation bring of workpiece in the process can be effectively adapted to
It influences, while processing efficiency with higher again.
Specifically, the unilateral made allowance of 3 transverse tooth thickness of gear blank part can be 5 millimeters or 6 millimeters during roughing cutting,
Or 7 millimeters or 8 millimeters.
Preferably, the unilateral made allowance of transverse tooth thickness of roughing cutting process is 8 millimeters.
Further, as a kind of preferred embodiment, the quenching and tempering hardness range of quenched process is HB300-HB400.?
Hardness be HB300-HB400 in the range of, tooth face hardness significantly improves, can meet large scale medium_and_hard gear for the strength of materials with
Toughness it is good fit, have preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
Further, as a kind of preferred embodiment, treated that gear blank part 3 is placed in gear peace by conditioned
The accuracy tolerances for setting the base-level correction process and end correction process that carry out on the working face 41 of position fixture 4 are 0-
0.05mm, in the range of accuracy tolerances are 0-0.05mm, it is ensured that semifinishing and finishing are carried out to gear blank part 3
When, the high-precision of cnc boring and milling machine or 1 feed of digital-control boring-milling machine and processing, to reduce unnecessary mismachining tolerance.
Further, it as a kind of preferred embodiment, is carried out on the working face 41 of gear installation positioning fixture 4
The accuracy tolerances of base-level correction process and end correction process are 0-0.05mm, in the range that accuracy tolerances are 0-0.05mm
It is interior, it is ensured that when carrying out semifinishing and finishing to gear blank part 3, cnc boring and milling machine or 1 feed of digital-control boring-milling machine and
The high-precision of processing, to reduce unnecessary mismachining tolerance.
Further, as a kind of preferred embodiment, method that semifinishing operation uses for, in cnc boring and milling machine or
Half finish-milling of high speed is carried out to gear blank part 3 using sintering skin of cemented carbide milling cutter 2 on digital-control boring-milling machine 1.It is operated in semifinishing
In, it needs to carry out numerical control programming, multi-shaft interlocked shape on cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine 1 according to the semifinishing figure of gear
At half finishing curve of output of the flank of tooth, and carry out high speed half finish-milling processing.
Further, as a kind of preferred embodiment, the transverse tooth thickness of gear blank part described in semifinishing operation is unilateral
0.45-0.50 millimeters of made allowance.After the cutting output of removal teeth portion definite part, unilateral made allowance is 0.45-0.50 millimeters
In the range of, it can effectively meet the surplus demand of subsequent finishing passes, while processing efficiency with higher again.
Specifically, the unilateral made allowance of transverse tooth thickness of semifinishing operation can be 0.45 millimeter or 0.46 millimeter or 0.48 milli
Rice or 0.50 millimeter.
Preferably, the unilateral made allowance of transverse tooth thickness of semifinishing operation is 0.45 millimeter.
Second embodiment:
A kind of improvement of the gear working method of second embodiment compared to first embodiment is: completing gear blank
After 3 finishing passes of part, to obtained gear finished product further progress bruting process.It, can by polishing gear finished product
Meet the requirement on machining accuracy and smoothness requirements of gear tooth.
Further, as a kind of preferred embodiment, roll flute is carried out to gear finished product using gear grinding machines in bruting process.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
It is merely illustrative of, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not carrying on the back
Under the premise of from the principle and substance of the present invention, various changes or modifications can be made to these embodiments, but these are changed
Protection scope of the present invention is each fallen with modification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of gear working method, which is characterized in that including the roughing cutting process, quenched process, half essence successively carried out
Process and finishing passes, the operating procedure of the semifinishing process and finishing passes are as follows:
Gear installation positioning fixture is lifted to cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine table core, lays flat, press from both sides by step 1
The tight gear installs positioning fixture；
Step 2 lifts conditioned treated gear blank part, is placed in the working face of the gear installation positioning fixture
On, it carries out base-level correction process and end correction process and clamps the gear blank part after qualified；
Step 3 installs boring cutter bar on the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine, and hard is installed on the boring cutter bar and is closed
Golden ball cutter, carries out end jump checking process and diameter jumps checking process and fastens the boring cutter bar and the hard alloy after qualified
Ball cutter；
Step 4 successively carries out semifinishing operation and finishing operations using the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine；
The method that the finishing operations use for, on the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine use sintering skin of cemented carbide
Milling cutter processes the gullet base arc groove of the gear blank part, after completing the arc groove processing, to the tooth socket
Two sides and the engaging portion of two sides of the arc groove and the tooth socket carry out reconditioning.
2. gear working method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gear during the roughing cutting
Unilateral made allowance 5-8 millimeters of blank transverse tooth thickness.
3. gear working method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quenching and tempering hardness range of the quenched process is
HB300-HB400。
4. gear working method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base-level correction process and the end face
Accuracy tolerances in correction course are 0-0.05mm.
5. gear working method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that checking process is jumped at the end and the diameter jumps inspection
Accuracy tolerances during looking into are 0-0.03mm.
6. gear working method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method that the semifinishing operation uses
To carry out high speed to the gear blank part using sintering skin of cemented carbide milling cutter on the cnc boring and milling machine or digital-control boring-milling machine
Half finish-milling.
7. gear working method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that gear hair described in the semifinishing operation
Unilateral made allowance 0.45-0.50 millimeters of the transverse tooth thickness of blank.
8. gear working method according to any one of claims 1-7, which is characterized in that further include:
The bruting process carried out after above-mentioned finishing passes is completed, gear is ground using gear grinding machines in the bruting process
Tooth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811401677.0A CN109128391A (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | A kind of gear working method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811401677.0A CN109128391A (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | A kind of gear working method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109128391A true CN109128391A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811401677.0A Pending CN109128391A (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2018-11-22 | A kind of gear working method |
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| CN (1) | CN109128391A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110091135A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-06 | 江苏利伟智能制造有限公司 | A kind of small R pull slot processing technology of the hardware of military inertial navigation |
| WO2020151683A1 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-30 | 江苏大学 | Involute cylindrical gear envelope milling method taking precise characteristics of tooth surface into consideration |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020151683A1 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-30 | 江苏大学 | Involute cylindrical gear envelope milling method taking precise characteristics of tooth surface into consideration |
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| CN110091135B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏利伟智能制造有限公司 | Small R-angle deep groove machining process for military inertial navigation metal structural part |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |