Beneficiation method for tungsten-tin ore
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive recovery of mineral resources, in particular to a WO30.2~0.5%、Sn≤0.2%、CaF2≤25%、CaCO3The beneficiation method for tungsten-tin ore feeding is less than or equal to 10% and the ratio of black tungsten to white tungsten is 2: 8-8: 2.
Background
The tungsten minerals mainly comprise scheelite and wolframite, the scheelite is generally recovered by a flotation method, and the wolframite is mainly recovered by gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation methods. In the polymetallic ore with tungsten and low-grade tin, because the value of the cassiterite is higher than that of the tungsten ore, but the grade of the associated cassiterite is lower, and the total value of the tungsten ore is often higher than that of the cassiterite, the ore dressing method of firstly recovering the tungsten ore and recovering the cassiterite in tailings is mostly adopted for the ores.
There are more than 20 tin-containing minerals, of which only cassiterite oxide is of industrial value, and therefore recovery of tin minerals is generally referred to as recovery of cassiterite. The beneficiation method of cassiterite mainly comprises a gravity separation method and a flotation method. Because of the large specific gravity and the large density difference between the cassiterite and gangue minerals, the gravity separation method is the most common beneficiation method for recovering the cassiterite and is mainly suitable for coarse fraction (granularity is larger than 0.043mm) minerals. For fine-fraction (granularity less than 0.043mm) minerals, the recovery effect of the gravity separation process is poor, and the flotation method is a main beneficiation method for recovering fine-fraction cassiterite. However, the floatability of the cassiterite is poor, the specificity of the medicinal agent in the flotation process of the fine-grained cassiterite is poor, and the problems of large medicinal agent consumption and high mineral separation cost generally exist in the cassiterite flotation.
With the continuous development of mineral separation technology, the mixed flotation method of black and white tungsten is an effective method for improving the comprehensive recovery rate of the black tungsten ore and the scheelite for the black tungsten ore with finer embedded particle size. The method comprises the steps of crushing raw ores, grinding the raw ores, removing magnetite by magnetic separation, adding sodium silicate, aluminum sulfate or carboxymethyl cellulose as a regulator into sulfide ore flotation tailings after removing sulfur concentrate by flotation, taking lead nitrate as an activating agent and taking benzohydroxamic acid, sulfated oleic soap or tall soap as a collecting agent, and performing mixed flotation of black and white tungsten to obtain mixed black and white tungsten concentrate. Although the benzohydroxamic acid has certain collecting capacity on the cassiterite, because the sodium silicate or the combined regulator taking the sodium silicate as the main component is added in the mixed flotation of the black tungsten and the white tungsten to inhibit silicate minerals and calcium-containing gangue minerals, and the sodium silicate has strong inhibiting effect on the cassiterite, when the mixed flotation of the black tungsten and the white tungsten is adopted to carry out the mixed flotation of the black tungsten and the white tungsten on polymetallic ores with tungsten associated with low-grade fine-grained cassiterite, the WO in the obtained mixed concentrate of the black tungsten and the white tungsten is3Grade (L) of a material>20 percent, but the Sn grade is only 0.2 to 0.5 percent, and the tin recovery rate<8 percent, therefore, the conventional beneficiation method for black-white tungsten mixed flotation cannot realize effective recovery of cassiterite while performing black-white tungsten mixed flotation, and only can recover associated low-grade cassiterite in black-white tungsten mixed flotation tailings by adopting a gravity separation method or a flotation method.
In the polymetallic ore of tungsten associated with low-grade and fine-grained cassiterite, because the cassiterite content is low (the tin grade is less than 0.2 percent of the boundary grade of industrial mining associated cassiterite), the cassiterite occupancy rate is more than 60 percent in the granularity of (0.043 mm), and if a gravity separation method is adopted to recover the cassiterite in the tungsten flotation tailings, the recovery rate of the cassiterite is less than 5 percent; if the flotation method is adopted to recover the cassiterite in the tailings, the beneficiation cost is high, and the economic benefit is poor. At present, the cassiterite of the type can only be discarded in tailings and can not be recovered, so that the comprehensive recovery of the cassiterite from the polymetallic ore of tungsten associated with low-grade fine-grained cassiterite is always a difficult problem for research in the ore dressing field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a beneficiation method for tungsten-tin minerals, wherein the tungsten-tin minerals are polymetallic ore ores of tungsten associated cassiterite, and the polymetallic ore ores are subjected to crushing, ore grinding, magnetic separation to remove magnetite and sulfide concentrate removal through sulfide ore flotation to obtain sulfide flotation tailings with the fineness of-0.074 mm and the content of 70-85%, and the monomer dissociation degree of wolframite, scheelite and tin minerals is more than or equal to 90%, and the method comprises the following steps (the dosage of the reagents is calculated according to the mass of tungsten-tin given ores):
(1) rough selection for 2 times: primary rough selection: adding 500-1500 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 120-400 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate, 0-30 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate and 600-700 g/ton of lead nitrate into tungsten tin feeding ore, and stirring for 8-10 minutes; adding 250-300 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 0-70 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 10-40 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 5-10 minutes; secondary rough separation: adding 0-250 g/ton of lead nitrate, 50-100 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 0-20 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 5-10 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 5-10 minutes;
(2)3 or 4 times of selection: and (3) fine selection: primary fine selection: adding 100-300 g/ton of the mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 10-30 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate and 5-20 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, and stirring for 2-5 minutes; secondary fine selection: adding 50-150 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 5-20 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate, 3-10 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, 0-30 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 0-5 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid, and stirring for 5-10 minutes; and (3) selecting for three times: adding 10-50 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 0-10 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid, and stirring for 2-5 minutes; and 4, fine selection: the first 3 picks were the same as above; four times of selection: stirring for 2-5 minutes without adding a medicament;
(3)2 or 3 times of scavenging: 2 times of scavenging: primary scavenging: adding 30-80 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 0-10 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 3-6 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 2-5 minutes; secondary scavenging: adding 30-50 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 0-15 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 2-6 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 2-5 minutes; 3 times of scavenging: the first 2 sweeps were the same as above; and (3) carrying out tertiary scavenging: adding 25-35 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 0-5 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 2-5 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 2-5 minutes to obtain WO3More than or equal to 20 percent of tungsten-tin bulk concentrate and more than or equal to 1 percent of Sn.
The mass ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium hydroxide in the mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide is 3: 1-1: 3.
The total mass content of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide in the mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide is 1-10%.
The method of the invention uses sulfide ore flotation tailings as tungsten tin feeding ore, adds mixed water solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, sodium fluosilicate and sodium hexametaphosphate as combined regulator to adjust the pH value of ore pulp in the tungsten tin feeding ore, disperses slime, and simultaneously inhibits silicate minerals and calcium-containing gangue minerals, lead nitrate is an activator of scheelite, wolframite and cassiterite, benzohydroxamic acid, salicylhydroxamic acid and emulsified oleic acid are used as collecting agents, and carries out tungsten-tin mixed flotation, so that the scheelite, the scheelite and the cassiterite are simultaneously enriched in the tungsten-tin mixed flotation concentrate, thereby achieving the purpose of comprehensively recovering the scheelite and the scheelite in the flotation.
The method has the advantages that a novel chemical system and a tungsten-tin co-floating ore dressing method are adopted, and cassiterite is enriched into the mixed flotation concentrate of wolframite and scheelite while wolframite and scheelite are floated, so that the aim of synchronously recycling associated low-grade fine-grained cassiterite is fulfilled, the problem that cassiterite in tungsten flotation tailings is recycled by adopting a gravity separation method is solved, and the recycling rate is low; the cassiterite in the tailings is recovered by adopting a flotation method, the difficulty of high mineral separation cost is solved, and the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is improved.
Detailed Description
The polymetallic ore with tungsten associated with the cassiterite is crushed, ground, magnetically separated to remove magnetite and sulfide concentrate removed by sulfide flotation to obtain sulfide flotation tailings with fineness of-0.074 mm and content of 70-85%, and the sulfide flotation tailings with monomer dissociation degree of wolframite, scheelite and tin ore of more than or equal to 90% are wolfram-tin feed ores.
Example 1: tungsten-tin ore feeding WO30.43%、Sn 0.09%、CaF224.67%、CaCO34.53 percent, 85 percent of fineness-0.074 mm, 90 percent of dissociation degree of scheelite monomer, 92 percent of dissociation degree of wolframite monomer, 95 percent of dissociation degree of cassiterite monomer, and the ratio of scheelite to wolframite is about 8:2, and the tungsten-tin mixed flotation is carried out according to the following steps (the dosage of the medicament is calculated according to the mass of tungsten-tin feeding ore).
Rough selection for 2 times: according to the medicament system of the table 1, the method comprises the following steps of rough selection: adding 1500 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution with the mass ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium hydroxide of 3:1 and the total mass content of 10%, 300 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate, 20 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate and 650 g/ton of lead nitrate, stirring for 8 minutes, adding 250 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 65 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 40 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 10 minutes; secondary rough separation: adding 200 g/ton of lead nitrate, 50 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 20 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 10 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 5 minutes;
and (3) fine selection: according to the prescription system of the table 1, the selection is carried out for one time: adding 120 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 15 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate and 7 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, and stirring for 2 minutes; secondary fine selection: adding 60 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 5 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate and 3 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, and stirring for 5 minutes; and (3) selecting for three times: adding 30 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 10 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid, and stirring for 2 minutes;
2 times of scavenging: the medicaments are prepared according to the following table 1, and one-time scavenging is carried out: adding 40 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 10 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 5 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 5 minutes; secondary scavenging: adding 40 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 10 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 5 g/ton of emulsified oleic acidTon, stir for 5 minutes. To obtain a product containing WO322.17 percent of tungsten-tin bulk concentrate and 1.23 percent of Sn. WO3The recovery rate is 82.37 percent, and the recovery rate of Sn is 23.55 percent.
Example 2: tungsten-tin ore feeding WO30.25%、Sn0.074%,CaF214.87%、CaCO26.03 percent, 71.04 percent of the content of fineness-0.074 mm, 90 percent of the dissociation degree of a scheelite monomer, 90 percent of the dissociation degree of a wolframite monomer, 92 percent of the dissociation degree of a cassiterite monomer, and the ratio of the scheelite to the wolframite is about 2:8, and the tungsten-tin mixed flotation is carried out according to the following steps (the dosage of the medicament is calculated according to the mass of the tungsten-tin feeding ore).
Rough selection for 2 times: according to the medicament system of the table 1, the method comprises the following steps of rough selection: adding 500 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide with the mass ratio of 1:3 and the total mass content of 1%, 120 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate, 30 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate and 650 g/ton of lead nitrate, and stirring for 10 minutes. Adding 250 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 30 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 15 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 5 minutes; secondary rough separation: adding 220 g/ton of lead nitrate, 80 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 10 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 5 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 10 minutes;
and 4, fine selection: according to the prescription system of the table 1, the selection is carried out for one time: adding 100 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 20 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate and 15 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, and stirring for 5 minutes; secondary fine selection: adding 50 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 10 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate, 7.5 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, 25 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 5 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid, and stirring for 8 minutes; and (3) selecting for three times: adding 15 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 2 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid, and stirring for 3 minutes; four times of selection: stirring for 3 minutes without adding a medicament;
3 times of scavenging: the medicaments are prepared according to the following table 1, and one-time scavenging is carried out: adding 60 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 10 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 4 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 2 minutes; secondary scavenging: adding 30 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 5 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 2 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 2 minutes; and (3) carrying out tertiary scavenging: 30 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, 5 g/ton of salicylhydroxamic acid and 2 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid are added, and the mixture is stirred for 2 minutes. To obtain a product containing WO322.50 percent of tungsten-tin bulk concentrate and 1.27 percent of Sn. WO3The recovery rate is 82.81 percent, and the recovery rate of Sn is 22.23 percent.
Example 3: tungsten-tin ore feeding WO30.50%、Sn0.15%,CaF216.77%、CaCO39.18 percent, 78.98 percent of the content of fineness-0.074 mm, 90 percent of the dissociation degree of a scheelite monomer, 90 percent of the dissociation degree of a wolframite monomer, 92 percent of the dissociation degree of a cassiterite monomer, and the proportion of the scheelite to the wolframite is about 6:4, and the tungsten-tin mixed flotation is carried out according to the following steps (the dosage of the medicament is calculated according to the mass of the tungsten-tin feeding ore).
Rough selection for 2 times: according to the medicament system of the table 1, the method comprises the following steps of rough selection: adding 1250 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide with the mass ratio of 3:2 and the total mass content of 5 percent, 400 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate and 600 g/ton of lead nitrate, and stirring for 10 minutes. Adding 300 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 22 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 8 minutes; secondary rough separation: adding 100 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 8 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 7 minutes;
and 4, fine selection: according to the prescription system of the table 1, the selection is carried out for one time: adding 250 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 30 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate and 20 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, and stirring for 5 minutes; secondary fine selection: adding 150 g/ton of mixed aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, 20 g/ton of sodium fluosilicate and 10 g/ton of sodium hexametaphosphate, and stirring for 5 minutes; and (3) selecting for three times: adding 50 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid, and stirring for 5 minutes; four times of selection: stirring for 2 minutes without adding a medicament;
3 times of scavenging: the medicaments are prepared according to the following table 1, and one-time scavenging is carried out: adding 70 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 5 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 3 minutes; secondary scavenging: adding 50 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 2.5 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid, and stirring for 3 minutes; and (3) carrying out tertiary scavenging: 30 g/ton of benzohydroxamic acid and 2.5 g/ton of emulsified oleic acid were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 3 minutes. To obtain a product containing WO321.74 percent of tungsten-tin bulk concentrate and Sn1.66 percent of tungsten-tin bulk concentrate. WO3The recovery rate is 85.67 percent, and the recovery rate of Sn is 26.76 percent.
The dosage system and test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 recipes and test results of examples 1 to 3
Note (1) example 1:3 times of fine selection and 2 times of scavenging.
(2) Examples 2 and 3: 4 times of selection, 3 times of scavenging, and 4 th selection without adding medicament.