CN109127063B - Hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode - Google Patents
Hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109127063B CN109127063B CN201811208886.3A CN201811208886A CN109127063B CN 109127063 B CN109127063 B CN 109127063B CN 201811208886 A CN201811208886 A CN 201811208886A CN 109127063 B CN109127063 B CN 109127063B
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- electrode
- expansion
- copper core
- insulating sleeve
- expansion piston
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode, which comprises a hydraulic lifting device, an electrode anode copper core, an electrode base, an expansion lobe, a first expansion piston, a second expansion piston and a blasting chamber, wherein the hydraulic lifting device is arranged on the electrode base; the hydraulic lifting device is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the electrode base through a fixing bolt; the center of the electrode base is provided with a through hole, the positive electrode copper core of the electrode penetrates through the through hole, and the upper end of the positive electrode copper core is fixedly connected with the hydraulic lifting device; the bottom surface of the electrode base is provided with a protruding part, the expansion valves are arranged in pairs, and the upper ends of the expansion valves are hinged to the protruding part; an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the electrode positive copper core and used for separating the expansion lobe from the electrode positive copper core, and the bottom of the insulating sleeve is arranged on a stepped surface formed by the lower part of the electrode positive copper core; the lower part of the outer side of the insulating sleeve is sequentially sleeved with a first expansion piston and a second expansion piston from top to bottom.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass breaking, in particular to a hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode.
Background
The rock breaking is a main method for natural reconstruction and natural resource utilization of humans, and the novel safe and efficient rock breaking technology can be applied to various fields such as mining, tunneling, drilling, fracturing, construction and the like, and has wide application prospect. The traditional blasting technology adopts chemical explosives, so that the broken rock settlement and the dust and smoke dissipation are required to be waited after the blasting, the smoke dust and residual chemical substances generated after the blasting of the explosives can cause great pollution to the environment, and the safety problem of the storage of the explosives can also bring non-productive management cost. Compared with the traditional blasting technology, the plasma rock crushing technology is an emerging high-efficiency rock crushing method at home and abroad, plasma is generated by discharging at an electrode through high-voltage pulse, and a dielectric medium crushes rock in a drill hole under the action of high temperature and high pressure. The action force generated by the electric explosion method is longitudinal tensile stress to the rock, the crushing effect is better, no pollution and flying stone are caused in the rock crushing process, the energy consumption is low, and the noise and the danger are low.
Plasma rock crushing technology has been studied in korea, russia, united states, etc., and some plasma rock crushing apparatuses have been used in engineering. The space research center of the American Otto university has single pulse of 200kJ and impact current of 200kA, and grasps the novel electrode and special dielectric technology which are independently developed, so that rocks with larger volume can be exploded, and no flying rocks, dust and the like exist in the rock breaking process; the single discharge energy of the Noranda company equipment in Canada is 300kJ, and after 250 times of continuous discharge, the ore is treated to be 3-4 tons; the technology is used for crushing the tuff-nepheline ores by the Russian academy of sciences of rare earth elements; korean and japan have been studied in terms of crack propagation and fracture of plasma crushed rock; in the aspect of researching plasma engineering application, the application of plasma in engineering by scientific research institutions such as the university of southwest traffic, the university of Chinese mining (Xuzhou) and the institute of China academy of sciences is researched through more than twenty years of research work.
Currently, two methods of generating plasma in liquid dielectric according to the electrohydraulic effect and generating plasma in rock breaking mainly depend on breakdown air. The electrode breaks down the air to generate plasma, so that the energy release is lower, the rock breaking effect is poorer, and the noise is larger in the discharging process. The rate of energy release of plasma generated by electrode breakdown air is less concentrated than when using liquid as the dielectric, so that currently, the electrohydrodynamic effect plasma breaking is mainly used in rock breaking. The electrode is required to be inserted into the explosion hole in the rock breaking process, and the electrode is very easy to fly out due to explosion force in the explosion process.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrode capable of realizing self-locking, which can prevent the electrode from flying out of a blast hole due to the explosive force in the blasting process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode provided by the invention comprises a hydraulic lifting device, an electrode anode copper core, an electrode base, an expansion lobe, a first expansion piston, a second expansion piston and a blasting chamber;
the hydraulic lifting device is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the electrode base through a fixing bolt;
the center of the electrode base is provided with a through hole, the electrode positive copper core is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way, and the upper end of the electrode positive copper core is fixedly connected with the hydraulic lifting device, so that the electrode positive copper core is driven by the hydraulic lifting device to move in the vertical direction;
the bottom surface of the electrode base is provided with a protruding part, the expansion valves are arranged in pairs, and the upper ends of the expansion valves are hinged to the protruding part;
an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the electrode positive copper core and used for separating the expansion lobe from the electrode positive copper core, and the bottom of the insulating sleeve is arranged on a stepped surface formed by the lower part of the electrode positive copper core;
the lower part of the outer side of the insulating sleeve is sequentially sleeved with a first expansion piston and a second expansion piston from top to bottom, the upper part of the first expansion piston is inserted into a space between an expansion lobe and the insulating sleeve, and the bottom of the second expansion piston is arranged on a stepped surface formed by the lower part of the insulating sleeve;
the explosion cavity is arranged below the insulating sleeve step surface and is provided with a discharge channel, and the lower end of the electrode anode copper core extends into the discharge channel;
the positive electrode copper core of the electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the expansion crack valve is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply.
Preferably, the hydraulic lifting device is a hydraulic cylinder.
Preferably, the power supply anode is connected to the upper end of the electrode anode copper core.
Preferably, the negative power supply is connected to the upper portion of the burst valve.
Preferably, the expansion lobe is a semicircular expansion lobe.
Preferably, a radial spring is arranged between the first expansion piston and the second expansion piston.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of the first expansion piston is wedge-shaped.
The hydraulic pre-tightening spalling electrode provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the electrode is fixed and sealed in the blasting hole through the hydraulic lifting device and the expansion valve, and simultaneously, the expansion effect is generated on the rock wall, so that the blasting effect is improved;
the self-locking is realized through the two expansion pistons and the expansion valve during blasting, so that the electrode is prevented from flying out of the blast hole due to blast shock waves before blasting is completed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic pre-tightening burst electrode provided by the invention.
In the figure:
1. the hydraulic cylinder 2, the fixing bolt 3, the electrode base 4, the electrode positive copper core 5, the expansion lobe 6, the insulating sleeve 7, the second expansion piston 8, the first expansion piston 9, the radial spring 10, the explosion cavity 11 and the discharge channel
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a hydraulic pre-tightening spalling electrode.
The hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode comprises a hydraulic lifting device, an electrode positive copper core 4, an electrode base 3, an expansion valve 5, a first expansion piston 8, a second expansion piston 7 and a blasting chamber.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic lifting device is a hydraulic cylinder 1, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixed on the electrode base 3 through a plurality of fixing bolts 2 which are uniformly arranged.
The center of the electrode base 3 is provided with a through hole, and the electrode anode copper core 4 is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way. The upper end of the electrode anode copper core 4 is fixedly connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 and is driven by the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 to move in the vertical direction.
The expansion valves 5 are arranged in pairs below the electrode base 3 and are used for pre-fastening the whole electrode in a blasting hole after being opened, and can provide a certain expansion force during blasting.
For the mounting of the matched expansion lobe 5, a projection is formed on the bottom surface of the electrode base 3, on which the tip of the Kong Zhang lobe is fixed by means of a pin. The design also allows the expansion flap 5 to open to the outside of the electrode.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the self-locking performance of the electrode, the expansion lobe 5 is selected to be a semicircular expansion lobe.
In order to separate the electrode positive copper core 4 and the spalling valve 5, an insulating sleeve 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the electrode positive copper core 4, and the lower end of the insulating sleeve 6 is clamped on a stepped surface of the lower portion of the electrode positive copper core 4, so that the insulating sleeve 6 can be driven to move upwards together when the electrode positive copper core 4 moves upwards.
The lower part of the outer side of the insulating sleeve 6 is sleeved with a first expansion piston 8 and a second expansion piston 7 in sequence from top to bottom.
In this embodiment, a radial spring 9 is also provided between the first expansion piston 8 and the second expansion piston 7 in order to improve the sealing properties of the lower part of the electrode.
The lower end of the second expansion piston 7 is clamped on a stepped surface formed at the lower part of the insulating sleeve 6, so that the insulating sleeve 6 can drive the second expansion piston 7 to move upwards together when moving upwards.
The upper part of the first expansion piston 8 is inserted into the space between the expansion valve 5 and the insulating sleeve 6, so that the expansion valve 5 is forced to open and clamp the hole wall when the first expansion piston 8 moves upwards.
In this embodiment, in order to promote the smoothness of the opening process of the expansion valve 5, the cross section of the first expansion piston 8 is configured in a wedge shape (as shown in fig. 1), and the corresponding expansion valve 5 is also configured in a structure in which the thickness is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end.
The explosion cavity 10 is arranged below the step surface of the insulating sleeve 6, and the explosion cavity 10 is provided with a discharge channel 11 for explosion of rock, and the lower end of the electrode anode copper core 4 extends into the discharge channel 11.
The positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the positive electrode copper core 4 of the electrode, and the negative electrode is connected with the expansion lobe 5. For the purpose of convenient installation and maintenance, in this embodiment, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected to the top of the positive copper core 4 of the electrode, and the negative electrode is connected to the top of the expansion valve 5.
When the hydraulic pre-tightening burst electrode provided by the invention is used, the electrode is placed in a blast hole.
And lifting the hydraulic oil cylinder to drive the electrode anode copper core to lift. The lifting electrode anode copper core drives the insulating sleeve and the second expansion piston to lift.
The second expansion piston that promotes compresses radial spring, plays sealed effect to the pore wall, simultaneously, drives first expansion piston upward movement, and with the expansion valve outside top open, makes the expansion valve open the self sealss that forms the pore wall, when sealed, the expansion valve also plays the effect of expansion to the rock wall.
Energizing the positive and negative electrodes creates a plasma channel at the discharge channel with concomitant pressure shock waves. The pressure shock wave can push the second expansion piston to further move upwards when being generated, and drive the first expansion piston to further move upwards, further outwards push the expansion valve open to clamp the hole wall, and the self-locking effect is achieved.
According to the hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode, the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the expansion valve to play a role in sealing and fixing the electrode, and meanwhile, the radial spring is arranged between the two expansion pistons, so that a better sealing effect is achieved. Simultaneously, the expanded expansion valve can simultaneously generate expansion effect on the rock wall, so that the crushing effect is improved. In the blasting process, the shock wave can push the two expansion pistons to drive the expansion valves to further open, so that the purpose of self-locking is realized, and the electrode is prevented from flying out of the blasting hole under the action of blasting force.
Specific examples are set forth herein to illustrate the invention in detail, and the description of the above examples is only for the purpose of aiding in understanding the core concept of the invention. It should be noted that any obvious modifications, equivalents, or other improvements to those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The hydraulic pre-tightening expansion crack electrode is characterized by comprising a hydraulic lifting device, an electrode positive copper core, an electrode base, an expansion crack valve, a first expansion piston, a second expansion piston and a blasting chamber;
the hydraulic lifting device is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the electrode base through a fixing bolt;
the center of the electrode base is provided with a through hole, the electrode positive copper core is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way, and the upper end of the electrode positive copper core is fixedly connected with the hydraulic lifting device, so that the electrode positive copper core is driven by the hydraulic lifting device to move in the vertical direction;
the bottom surface of the electrode base is provided with a protruding part, the expansion valves are arranged in pairs, and the upper ends of the expansion valves are hinged to the protruding part;
an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the electrode positive copper core and used for separating the expansion lobe from the electrode positive copper core, and the bottom of the insulating sleeve is arranged on a stepped surface formed by the lower part of the electrode positive copper core;
the lower part of the outer side of the insulating sleeve is sequentially sleeved with a first expansion piston and a second expansion piston from top to bottom, the upper part of the first expansion piston is inserted into a space between an expansion lobe and the insulating sleeve, and the bottom of the second expansion piston is arranged on a stepped surface formed by the lower part of the insulating sleeve;
the explosion cavity is arranged below the insulating sleeve step surface and is provided with a discharge channel, and the lower end of the electrode anode copper core extends into the discharge channel;
the positive electrode copper core of the electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the expansion crack valve is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply.
2. The hydraulically preloaded burst electrode of claim 1, wherein said hydraulic lifting device is a hydraulic ram.
3. The hydraulically preloaded burst electrode of claim 1, wherein the power supply anode is connected to the upper end of the electrode anode copper core.
4. The hydraulically preloaded burst electrode of claim 1, wherein the negative power supply is connected to the upper portion of the burst disk.
5. The hydraulically preloaded burst electrode of claim 1, wherein the expansion lobe is a semicircular expansion lobe.
6. The hydraulically preloaded burst electrode of claim 1, wherein a radial spring is disposed between said first expansion piston and said second expansion piston.
7. The hydraulically preloaded burst electrode of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal section of the first expansion piston is wedge-shaped.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811208886.3A CN109127063B (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811208886.3A CN109127063B (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109127063A CN109127063A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
| CN109127063B true CN109127063B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811208886.3A Active CN109127063B (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Hydraulic pre-tightening expansion electrode |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2035383U (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1989-04-05 | 山西省雁北地区进出口商品基地稀土机械部 | Hydraulic conical wedge expander |
| JP2002161694A (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-06-04 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Breaking electrode |
| CN108267053A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-10 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A kind of mechanical device that plasma shot rock is generated using electrohydraulic effect |
| CN209049517U (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-07-02 | 北京市政路桥股份有限公司 | Hydraulic pre-tightening spalling electrode |
-
2018
- 2018-10-17 CN CN201811208886.3A patent/CN109127063B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2035383U (en) * | 1988-10-17 | 1989-04-05 | 山西省雁北地区进出口商品基地稀土机械部 | Hydraulic conical wedge expander |
| JP2002161694A (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-06-04 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Breaking electrode |
| CN108267053A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-10 | 中国地质大学（北京） | A kind of mechanical device that plasma shot rock is generated using electrohydraulic effect |
| CN209049517U (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-07-02 | 北京市政路桥股份有限公司 | Hydraulic pre-tightening spalling electrode |
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| CN109127063A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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