CN109126624B - Special filter material granulation device for preparing hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter - Google Patents
Special filter material granulation device for preparing hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109126624B CN109126624B CN201811207290.1A CN201811207290A CN109126624B CN 109126624 B CN109126624 B CN 109126624B CN 201811207290 A CN201811207290 A CN 201811207290A CN 109126624 B CN109126624 B CN 109126624B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fluorine chemical industry, in particular to a special filter material granulation device for preparing a hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter. The method is characterized in that: comprises a spray tower, a pumping component, an air supply component, a bag filter, a heater and a Roots blower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fluorine chemical industry, in particular to a special filter material granulation device for preparing a hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter.
Background
Hydrogen fluoride has been widely used in the industries of electronics, chemical industry, petroleum and the like, and is mainly used for preparing villiaumite, fluorine-halogen alkane, fluorine refrigerant, corrosion glass, wood impregnation, electrolysis of elemental fluorine and the like, and separation and purification of impurities after crude hydrogen fluoride is obtained is a key process. The Chinese invention patent (with the patent number of CN201310287202.4, the patent name is an anhydrous hydrogen fluoride production method) discloses an anhydrous hydrogen fluoride production method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: feeding fluorite powder and sulfuric acid into a pre-reactor; in a pre-reactor, sulfuric acid and fluorite powder are fully mixed and react at the same time to generate crude hydrogen fluoride gas; removing impurities from the crude hydrogen fluoride gas through a pre-purification tower and a washing tower, then sequentially passing through two condensers, condensing most of the hydrogen fluoride gas by a freezing medium, refluxing condensate obtained in the first condenser to the pre-purification tower, and pumping crude acid condensate obtained in the second condenser to a rectifying tower through a second crude acid pump for refining; anhydrous hydrofluoric acid leaves the rectifying tower by means of the pressure of the tower and flows to an anhydrous hydrogen fluoride finished product storage tank through a finished product cooler; the non-condensable gas at the top of the rectifying tower and in the hydrogen fluoride condenser enters a sulfuric acid absorption tower; sulfuric acid flows downwards from the top of the tower and absorbs hydrogen fluoride in a gas phase; returning the sulfuric acid containing hydrogen fluoride to the scrubber with a pump; the gas leaving the top of the sulfuric acid absorption tower passes through a water washing tower to obtain a byproduct, namely fluosilicic acid; the sulfuric acid absorbed with hydrogen fluoride is returned to the pre-reactor through the washing tower. The Chinese invention patent (with the patent number of CN201210506779.5, the patent name is a preparation method of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride) discloses a preparation method of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: a) respectively heating mixed sulfuric acid and fluorspar powder, mixing in a pre-reactor according to a certain feeding weight ratio, and carrying out pre-reaction to obtain a mixed material, wherein the mixed sulfuric acid is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and fuming sulfuric acid, and the weight ratio of the sulfuric acid to the fuming sulfuric acid is 1: 1.40-1.50; the heating time of the mixed sulfuric acid is 7-8 minutes, and the heating temperature is 100-120 ℃; b) continuously feeding the mixed material into a converter reactor, reacting the mixed material at 550-650 ℃ and 700-800 ℃ for 50-70 minutes under the conditions that the rotating speed of the converter reactor is 1.0 r/min-2.0 r/min and the pressure in the converter is-0.55-0.45 KPa, so as to obtain crude hydrogen fluoride gas and solid material, feeding part of the obtained solid material into the converter reactor through a material returning device for secondary reaction, and feeding the rest solid material into a dihydrate gypsum production device; c) treating the crude hydrogen fluoride gas by a washing tower, a condenser, a rectifying tower and a degassing tower to obtain pure hydrogen fluoride gas and residual gas; d) recycling the residual gas by using sulfuric acid to absorb hydrogen fluoride gas; e) and residual gas which is not recycled is discharged from the top of the tail gas tower after being treated by a water washing tower and a tail gas tower.
The hydrogen fluoride separation impurity refining device in the prior art 1 and the prior art 2 is a prepurification tower, a washing tower, a condenser, a rectifying tower and a degassing tower which are commonly used at present, and has the defects that: the hydrogen fluoride is separated and refined by the process means of washing, distillation, adsorption, rectification and the like, the process flow is more complex, the yield of the product is reduced, the energy consumption is higher, and the byproducts generated in the production process are not effectively utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a special filter material granulating device for preparing a hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter, which is characterized in that: comprises a spray tower, a pumping component, an air supply component, a bag filter, a heater and a Roots blower.
The spray tower, the bag filter, the heater and the Roots blower form an externally closed circulating system, hot air discharged by the spray tower is purified by the bag filter and then is sent to the heater for heating, and then is sent to an air chamber at the bottom of the spray tower by the Roots blower for recycling, so that the waste heat of the hot air is fully utilized.
The spray tower comprises a spray pipe assembly, a spray tower body, a cyclone separator, a material returning device, an air distribution plate, a blanking pipe and an air chamber, wherein the spray tower body, the cyclone separator, the material returning device, the air chamber and the air distribution plate form an inner closed circulating system, dry fluorgypsum powder can fully contact with slurry particles to complete a drying process, and the dry fluorgypsum powder is used as an isolating agent to prevent the slurry particles from being adhered to each component of the spray tower. The spray pipe assembly is designed at the top of the spray tower body, and the air chamber and the air distribution plate are designed at the bottom of the spray tower body.
The spray pipe assembly comprises a conveying pipe, a nozzle, a mixing chamber, a Venturi pipe, a spray pipe outlet and a flow guide cone. The pumping assembly and the air supply assembly are respectively connected with the nozzle and the conveying pipe, the fluorgypsum slurry and the dry fluorgypsum powder are conveyed into the mixing chamber to be mixed, and are intensively mixed by the venturi pipe and the spray pipe and then are dispersed to the spray tower body along the flow guide cone from the outlet of the spray pipe.
The inventors found that fluorite (CaF) for producing hydrogen fluoride2) And sulfuric acid (H)2SO4) The following main reactions occur: CaF2+2H2S04→2HF+CaSO4The product entering the next process stage has mainly heavy component impurity H2SO4、H2O, light component impurity SO2、SiF4、CO2、H2S, by-products including CaSO4、Fe2(SO4)3、H2SiF6. According to the requirements of national standard GB 7746-2SO4、H2O、H2SiF6、SO2The content of the fluorine-containing compound is limited, the prior art for preparing the anhydrous hydrogen fluoride by removing the impurities mainly adopts the process means of purification, washing, condensation, rectification, degassing and the like, takes water as main process media of dissolution, adsorption, washing, desorption, transportation, separation and the like, and particularly, the function of the water in the process of preparing the hydrogen fluoride by the prior art for dedusting and condensing is to adsorb CaSO in a washing tower by a spray adsorption method4、Fe2(SO4)3Dust and water absorb heat to reduce the process temperature. Because the circulating fluidized bed reaction furnace takes superheated steam as a main process medium, the CaSO carried by the superheated steam is purified at the present stage4、Fe2(SO4)3The technical scheme of the granular layer moving bed filter is adopted for the particles so that the process flow becomes simple, the product yield is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The inventor finds that the particle layer moving bed filter is a special device designed for the circulating fluidized bed reaction furnace, and has the following characteristics: firstly, a wet dust removal method by water washing, namely a dry dust removal method, which is different from the prior art, is adopted, and filter materials are used for catchingThe trapping efficiency of the collected particles is equivalent to or even higher than that of a bag filter, the filtering speed is far higher than that of the bag filter, the pressure drop is lower than that of the bag filter, and the collected particles are high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant; secondly, the by-products of the production process can be utilized by using local materials, the granular layer filter material adopts fluorgypsum granules, and fluorite (CaF) is well known2) And sulfuric acid (H)2SO4) The main reaction occurs: CaF2+2H2S04→2HF+CaSO4By-product CaSO4Is commonly known as fluorogypsum, which is naturally not H-protected as the end product of the irreversible reaction2SO4And HF corrosion, and realizes the recycling and comprehensive utilization of solid wastes; and thirdly, the moving bed layer of the granular layer moving bed filter is also a second reaction chamber, fluorite granules which are not completely reacted in the circulating fluidized bed reaction furnace can be attached to the surface of the granular layer filter material for continuous reaction, and the yield of the HF product is improved.
The inventor finds that fluorite particles incompletely reacted in a circulating fluidized bed reactor are attached to the surface of a granular layer filter material to continuously react, generated HF escapes along with airflow, solid fluorgypsum is attached to the surface of the granular filter material to cause the fluorite particles to grow up, and the factors influencing the trapping efficiency of the granular layer filter mainly comprise the diameter of the granular filter material and the height of a bed layer, so that the granular filter material is designed into two granular layers, the grain size of the filter material filled in the first granular layer is 8-10 mm, the main purpose is to attach the incomplete fluorite particles to the surface of the granular layer filter material to continuously react, and the factors that the solid fluorgypsum is attached to the surface of the granular filter material to cause the growth of the granular filter material, the mutual gaps are filled to improve the trapping efficiency, the pressure drop is increased, the fluorite particles are moved; the grain size of the filter material filled in the secondary granular layer is 1-2 mm, and fine particles are mainly intercepted.
The inventor finds that the bed body of the granular layer moving bed filter is designed to be U-shaped, the main bed body and the auxiliary bed body are well-type bed bodies, the bottoms of the main bed body and the auxiliary bed bodies are mutually communicated, the grain size of a filter material filled in the main bed body is 8-10 mm, the airflow direction is the same as the moving direction of the main bed body, and the main bed body and the auxiliary bed body are in a parallel; the particle size of the filter material filled in the auxiliary bed body is 1-2 mm, the direction of the airflow is opposite to the moving direction of the auxiliary bed body, and the auxiliary bed body is of a counter-flow type and aims to prevent the airflow from carrying away dust.
The inventor finds that the main component of the raw material fluorgypsum for preparing the filter material is anhydrous CaSO4Granules, which harden with water by the process of: first anhydrous CaSO4Dissolved in water and then CaSO4.2H2The O is separated out to form slurry, and the CaSO is generated along with the continuous progress of hydration4.2H2The increasing of O colloid particles, which have large specific surface area and absorb much water, and the free water in the slurry is reduced due to hydration and evaporation, the consistency of the slurry is increased, the slurry is gradually coagulated, the colloid is transformed into crystal, and the slurry is hardened.
The inventor finds that the physical and chemical characteristics of particles with certain strength and hardness can be obtained by adding water into fluorgypsum for hardening to prepare the filter material of a granular layer moving bed filter, firstly, the fluorgypsum is crushed and sieved to 60 meshes, the components of the fluorgypsum are 100 parts by weight and 80-100 parts by weight of deionized water, the mixture is uniformly stirred to prepare slurry, the slurry is pumped to a spray pipe assembly, the fluorgypsum slurry is contracted to form spherical particles due to surface tension after being sent out from a nozzle, meanwhile, dry fluorgypsum powder is also sent to a mixing chamber through a conveying pipe to wrap the slurry particles and absorb free moisture of the slurry particles, the dry fluorgypsum powder and the slurry particles are intensively mixed by a venturi pipe and a spray pipe, the slurry particles grow up and gradually generate condensation due to continuous reduction of the moisture, the slurry particles are dispersed to a spray tower body along a guide cone through an outlet of the spray pipe, and blown by hot air, observing from the cross section of the air flow, the air flow forms the characteristics of high peripheral flow velocity, low central flow velocity and larger peripheral pressure than the central pressure of the circumference, the continuously growing and solidified slurry particles are driven to be thrown to the wall of the spray tower body to rub and collide to lose kinetic energy and fall and gather to the center, and flow to the top of the spray tower under the wrapping of the air flow, in short, the slurry particles flow in a boiling state in the spray tower body, the slurry particles grow and solidify under the action of continuously adsorbing dry fluorgypsum powder and evaporating hot air, and after growing to a certain diameter, the particle size gathers at the center of the spray tower body and is separated from the hot air flow under the action of gravity, and the slurry particles enter a vibrating screen for separation through a; the dry fluorine gypsum powder which is not adhered to the slurry particles enters a cyclone separator under the carrying of hot air flow, the dry fluorine gypsum powder is separated from the hot air flow in the cyclone separator, and then is sent into the spray tower body again through a material returning device to be mixed with the slurry particles, the hot air flow is purified through a bag filter and then is sent into a heater to be heated, and then the hot air flow is sent into an air chamber at the bottom of the spray tower through a Roots blower to be recycled.
The inventor finds that the spray tower, the bag filter, the heater and the Roots blower form an external closed circulation system, hot air discharged from the spray tower is purified by the bag filter and then is sent to the heater for heating, and then is sent to an air chamber at the bottom of the spray tower by the Roots blower for recycling, so that the waste heat of the hot air is fully utilized. The dry fluorine gypsum powder can fully contact with slurry particles to complete the drying process, and the dry fluorine gypsum powder can be used as an isolating agent to prevent the slurry particles from being adhered to each part of the spray tower.
The inventor finds that the diameter of the nozzle and the conveying wind speed of the Roots blower can be adjusted to obtain filter materials with different particle sizes. In order to ensure that the bag filter is not blocked, the outlet temperature of the bag filter is not lower than 110 ℃, and in order to ensure that particles in the material returning device are in a normal fluidization state and accelerate the solidification of slurry particles, the temperature of the spray tower body is kept at 135-150 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following advantages: the physical and chemical characteristics of particles with certain strength and hardness are obtained by adding water into fluorgypsum for hardening, and the filter material of the granular layer moving bed filter can be prepared by using local materials and by-products in the production process, wherein the granular layer filter material adopts fluorgypsum particles, and fluorite (CaF) is well known2) And sulfuric acid (H)2SO4) The main reaction occurs: CaF2+2H2S04→2HF+CaSO4By-product CaSO4Is commonly known as fluorogypsum, which is naturally not H-protected as the end product of the irreversible reaction2SO4And HF corrosion, and realizes the recycling and comprehensive utilization of solid wastes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a main view of a special filter material granulating device for preparing a hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of a special filter material granulating device A for preparing a hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure B of a special filter material granulating device for preparing a hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure C of a special filter material granulating device for preparing a hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure D of the special filter material granulating device for preparing the hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter.
1-spray tower 2-pumping component 3-pneumatic component 4-bag filter 5-heater
6-Roots blower 7-spray pipe assembly 8-spray tower body 9-cyclone separator 10-return feeder
11-air distribution plate 12-blanking pipe 13-air chamber 14-conveying pipe 15-nozzle
16-mixing chamber 17-venturi 18-jet tube 19-jet tube outlet 20-guide cone.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description of embodiments and drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the special filter material granulation device for preparing the hydrogen fluoride moving bed filter is characterized in that: comprises a spray tower 1, a pumping component 2, an air supply component 3, a bag filter 4, a heater 5 and a Roots blower 6.
The spray tower 1, the bag filter 4, the heater 5 and the Roots blower 6 form an external closed circulation system, hot air exhausted by the spray tower 1 is purified by the bag filter 4 and then is sent to the heater 5 for heating, and then is sent to the bottom air chamber 13 of the spray tower 1 by the Roots blower 1 for recycling, so that the waste heat of the hot air flow is fully utilized.
The spray tower 1 comprises a spray pipe assembly 7, a spray tower body 8, a cyclone separator 9, a return feeder 10, an air distribution plate 11, a blanking pipe 12 and an air chamber 13, wherein the spray tower body 8, the cyclone separator 9, the return feeder 10, the air chamber 13 and the air distribution plate 11 form an inner closed circulation system, dry fluorgypsum powder can fully contact with slurry particles to complete a drying process, and the dry fluorgypsum powder is used as an isolating agent to prevent the slurry particles from being adhered to all parts of the spray tower 1. The spray pipe assembly 7 is designed at the top of the spray tower body 8, and the air chamber 13 and the air distribution plate 11 are designed at the bottom of the spray tower body 8.
The nozzle assembly 7 comprises a delivery pipe 14, a nozzle 15, a mixing chamber 16, a venturi 17, a nozzle 18, a nozzle outlet 19, and a deflector cone 20. The pumping assembly 2 and the air supply assembly 3 are respectively connected with the nozzle 15 and the conveying pipe 14, the fluorgypsum slurry and the dry fluorgypsum powder are conveyed into the mixing chamber 16 to be mixed, and are intensively mixed by the venturi tube 17 and the spray tube 18, and then are spread to the spray tower body 8 from the spray tube outlet 19 along the guide cone 20.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a special filter material prilling granulator of preparation hydrogen fluoride removal bed filter which characterized by: comprises a spray tower, a pumping component, an air supply component, a bag filter, a heater and a Roots blower; the spray tower, the bag filter, the heater and the Roots blower form an externally closed circulating system, hot air discharged by the spray tower is purified by the bag filter and then is sent to the heater for heating, and then is sent to an air chamber at the bottom of the spray tower by the Roots blower for recycling, so that the waste heat of the hot air is fully utilized; the spray tower comprises a spray pipe assembly, a spray tower body, a cyclone separator, a material returning device, an air distribution plate, a blanking pipe and an air chamber, wherein the spray tower body, the cyclone separator, the material returning device, the air chamber and the air distribution plate form an internal closed circulating system; the nozzle assembly comprisesThe conveying pipe, the nozzle, the mixing chamber, the Venturi pipe, the spray pipe outlet and the guide cone, wherein the pumping assembly and the air conveying assembly are respectively connected with the nozzle and the conveying pipe, the fluorgypsum slurry and the dry fluorgypsum powder are conveyed into the mixing chamber to be mixed, and are intensively mixed by the Venturi pipe and the spray pipe and then are spread to the spray tower body from the spray pipe outlet along the guide cone; the main component of the fluorgypsum used as the raw material for preparing the filter material is anhydrous CaSO4Granules, which harden with water by the process of: first anhydrous CaSO4Dissolved in water and then CaSO4·2H2The O is separated out to form slurry, and the CaSO is generated along with the continuous progress of hydration4·2H2The method comprises the steps of increasing O colloid particles, enabling the particles to have large specific surface area and absorb a large amount of water, enabling free water in slurry to be reduced continuously due to hydration and evaporation, enabling the slurry to increase continuously in consistency, enabling the slurry to be condensed gradually, enabling the colloid to be converted into crystals, hardening the slurry, preparing a filter material of a granular layer moving bed filter by utilizing the physicochemical characteristics of certain strength and hardness particles obtained by hardening fluorgypsum by adding water, crushing and screening the fluorgypsum to 60 meshes, uniformly stirring 100 parts of fluorgypsum and 80-100 parts of deionized water according to the weight ratio to prepare the slurry, pumping the slurry to a spray pipe assembly, enabling the fluorgypsum slurry to shrink due to surface tension after being sent out from a nozzle to form spherical particles, conveying dry fluorgypsum powder to a mixing chamber through a conveying pipe, wrapping the slurry particles and absorbing the free water, enabling the dry fluorgypsum powder and the slurry particles to be mixed with the slurry particles through a venturi pipe and the spray pipe strongly to enable the The slurry particles continuously growing up and solidifying are thrown to the wall of the spray tower body, friction collision is lost, kinetic energy is lost, the slurry particles fall down and are gathered to the center, the slurry particles flow to the top of the spray tower under the wrapping of the air flow, the slurry particles flow in a boiling state in the spray tower body, the slurry particles grow up and solidify under the actions of continuously adsorbing dry fluorine gypsum powder and evaporating hot air, and the particle size is up to a certain lengthThe hot air is gathered at the center of the spray tower body after being discharged, is separated from the hot air flow under the action of gravity, and enters a vibrating screen for separation through a blanking pipe; the dry fluorine gypsum powder which is not adhered to the slurry particles enters a cyclone separator under the carrying of hot air flow, the dry fluorine gypsum powder is separated from the hot air flow in the cyclone separator, and then is sent into the spray tower body again through a material returning device to be mixed with the slurry particles, the hot air flow is purified through a bag filter and then is sent into a heater to be heated, and then the hot air flow is sent into an air chamber at the bottom of the spray tower through a Roots blower to be recycled.
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| DE3866538D1 (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1992-01-09 | Ogawara Kakoki Kk | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING SPRAY-DRIED GRANULATES. |
| CN2668243Y (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2005-01-05 | 上海化工研究院 | Internal returning charge fluidized prilling granulator |
| CN102701256B (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2013-11-13 | 中化化肥有限公司重庆磷复肥工程技术研究中心 | Method for preparing granular ammonium sulfate and calcium carbonate by chemical gypsums via low-temperature transformation |
| US9993787B1 (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2018-06-12 | ZoomEssence, Inc. | Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process |
| CN207913720U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-09-28 | 杭州鑫伟低碳技术研发有限公司 | A kind of system and device that nanoscale is granulated |
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| CN1721327A (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-01-18 | 淄博齐鲁乙烯化工有限公司 | Fluidized production process for granular calcium chloride |
| CN1927699A (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2007-03-14 | 山东天力干燥设备有限公司 | Sodium percarbonate dry method granulation processes and apparatus thereof |
| CN201161982Y (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-12-10 | 孔亦周 | Mixer for chemical fertilizer fused mass slurry and powder materials |
| CN105890288A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-24 | 陆文光 | Drying device for mist-spraying granulation |
| JP2018143944A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2018-09-20 | 株式会社プリス | Spray dryer |
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