CN109124710B

CN109124710B - Sternum spreader

Info

Publication number: CN109124710B
Application number: CN201810965021.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张曦; 张新伟; 孙丽君
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhang Xi
Priority date: 2016-10-29
Filing date: 2016-10-29
Publication date: 2021-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2036-10-29
Also published as: CN106344086A; CN109124708B; CN109124709A; CN109124709B; CN109124707A; CN109124710A; CN109124707B; CN109124708A; CN106344086B

Abstract

The invention discloses a sternum spreader, which comprises 2 symmetrically arranged spreading plates, wherein the middle parts of the end surfaces of the outer sides of the 2 spreading plates are respectively inwards sunken to form fixing grooves, a first spreading arm is arranged on the spreading plate on one side, a second spreading arm is arranged on the spreading plate on the other side, a first connecting rod is arranged at one end, far away from the spreading plate, of the first spreading arm, and a second connecting rod is arranged at one end, far away from the spreading plate, of the second spreading arm; a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the first connecting rod, the axis direction of the threaded hole is parallel to the length direction of the first connecting rod, a threaded through hole is formed in the first spreading arm, and a spreading bolt is arranged in the threaded through hole; according to the invention, the opening plates are clamped between the sternums, and the second connecting rod is pushed to move by adopting the opening bolt, so that the two opening plates are moved oppositely, the sternums are opened, and the operation visual field is exposed.

Description

Sternum spreader

Technical Field

The invention relates to a sternum spreader, and belongs to medical equipment.

Background

In thoracic surgery, a sternum saw is needed to be used for sawing the sternum from the middle part, a sternum spreader is used for spreading the sternum, so that the visual field of thoracic cavity surgery is exposed, the existing sternum spreader comprises an I-shaped structure and a pincer-shaped spreader, the surgical field needs to be exposed in the surgical process, so that the operation of a doctor is facilitated, and the existing sternum spreader can often shield the visual line.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a sternum spreader which can solve the problems in the prior art, wherein spreading plates are clamped between sternums, and a spreading bolt is adopted to push a second connecting rod to move, so that the two spreading plates move oppositely, the sternum is spread, and the operation visual field is exposed.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a sternum spreader comprises 2 symmetrically arranged spreading plates, wherein the middle parts of the outer end faces of the 2 spreading plates are respectively inwards recessed to form fixing grooves, a first spreading arm is arranged on the spreading plate on one side, a second spreading arm is arranged on the spreading plate on the other side, a first connecting rod is arranged at one end, far away from the spreading plate, of the first spreading arm, and a second connecting rod is arranged at one end, far away from the spreading plate, of the second spreading arm;

a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the first connecting rod, the axis direction of the threaded hole is parallel to the length direction of the first connecting rod, a threaded through hole is formed in the first spreading arm, a spreading bolt is arranged in the threaded through hole, the spreading bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded through hole, and the tail end of the spreading bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded hole in the first connecting rod;

the threaded hole inner wall 2 terminal surfaces in opposite directions are respectively provided with a positioning groove, the length direction of the positioning groove is parallel to the axis direction of the first connecting rod, the inner diameter of the second connecting rod is smaller than that of the threaded hole, a positioning block which can be clamped on the inner side of the positioning groove is arranged on the side wall of the second connecting rod, and the tail end of the distraction bolt abuts against the second connecting rod to be far away from one end of the second distraction arm.

According to the invention, the fixing grooves of 2 spreading plates are respectively clamped on the sternum, the spreading bolt is rotated to push the spreading bolt to push the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is moved outwards under the pushing of the spreading bolt, the second spreading arm drives the spreading plates on the same side to move away from the other spreading plate under the driving of the second connecting rod, and the two spreading plates are used for spreading the sternum. Because set up the locating piece on the second connecting rod, make the locating piece remove along constant head tank length direction, when strutting the bolt relative rotation, when making the second connecting rod remove relative head rod, only can remove along head rod axis direction, the head rod can not rotate relative second connecting rod, can help making two and prop open the board and keep stable, avoids two to prop open the board and produce relative dislocation and bring the injury to patient.

Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, a plurality of clamping grooves corresponding to the positions are respectively arranged on the opposite end surfaces of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm, a bracket is arranged at one end of the first connecting rod, which is far away from the first spreading arm, the middle part of the bracket is clamped on the first connecting rod, two ends of the bracket are bent downwards to form buckles, and the buckles are respectively inserted into the clamping grooves on the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm. By adopting the bracket structure, the bracket is made of metal with certain elasticity, when the middle part of the bracket is fixed on the first connecting rod, the two ends of the bracket are clamped in the corresponding clamping grooves on the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm, the bracket can be used for supporting the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm, in the invention, when the buckles at the two sides are positioned in the clamping grooves close to the spreading plates, the distance between the two spreading plates is relatively close, and when the buckles at the two sides are clamped in the clamping grooves close to one ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, the distance between the two spreading plates is relatively far, in the invention, the bracket is used for supporting the middle parts of the first supporting arm and the second supporting arm after the distance between the two spreading plates is relatively adjusted, so that the stability of the two spreading plates can be improved, and the deformation of the first supporting arm and the second supporting arm is avoided, the stress performance of the material can be better. According to the invention, the cross section of the clamping groove is L-shaped, and the buckle is L-shaped, so that when the buckle is clamped in the clamping groove, the buckle is kept stable relative to the clamping groove.

Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the bracket is of an arc structure, a flange is arranged on the upper end surface of the middle part of the first connecting rod, a preformed groove is arranged in the middle part of the bracket, and the flange can be clamped at the inner side of the preformed groove. In order to facilitate the installation of the support, the outer side of the middle of the support is positioned through the preformed groove and the flange on the first connecting rod, when the support is installed, after the relative positions of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are adjusted, the preformed groove on the outer side of the middle of the support is aligned with the flange on the first connecting rod, the middle of the support is fixed on the first connecting rod through the flange, the buckles at the two ends of the support are clamped in the corresponding clamping grooves, and the middle of the first supporting arm and the middle of the second supporting arm are supported through the support.

Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the bracket is provided with a positioning tooth, the positioning tooth and the buckle are positioned at the same side, and the positioning tooth can be clamped in the clamping groove. According to the invention, the positioning teeth and the buckles are arranged at intervals, when the bracket is adopted for fixing, the buckles and the positioning teeth are simultaneously clamped in the clamping grooves, and the bracket is simultaneously connected by utilizing the positioning teeth and the buckles, so that the stability of the bracket can be improved.

Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the middle parts of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm arch outwards, and the outer side end surfaces of the 2 spreading plates are arc-shaped. Through adopting the first arm and the second of strutting that the middle part is curved to strut, make overall structure when using, first arm and the second of strutting strut struts the arm and can not shelter from the operation field of vision. In the operation process, when the sternum is unfolded outwards by the unfolding plate, the sternum part can generate an approximately elliptical structure, and in order to reduce unnecessary damage of the unfolding plate to the sternum, the fixing groove and the unfolding plate form an arc-shaped groove structure, the fixing groove on the outer side of the unfolding plate and the unfolded part of the sternum are attached to each other, so that damage of two edges in the length direction of the fixing groove to the sternum is reduced.

Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, the opposite end surfaces of 2 expanding plates are respectively provided with a column body, and the first expanding arm and the second expanding arm are respectively sleeved on the corresponding column bodies. By adopting the column structure, the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm can be conveniently and relatively installed, meanwhile, the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm can be relatively rotated around the column, and the positions of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can be relatively moved when needed, so that the first spreading arm, the second spreading arm, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are prevented from shielding the operation part.

Furthermore, in order to better realize the invention, a sinking groove is arranged at one end of the second connecting rod facing the distraction bolt, the cross section of the sinking groove is in a semi-circular arc shape, and a hemispherical jacking part is arranged at the top end of the distraction bolt.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the second connecting rod is pushed to move relatively through the spreading bolt arranged on the inner side of the first connecting rod, so that when the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm move relatively in the opposite direction, the two spreading plates move relatively in the opposite direction, and the sternum is spread.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first and second connecting rods of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the stent structure of the present invention.

Wherein: 101. the device comprises an opening plate, 102, a first opening arm, 103, a second opening arm, 104, a first connecting rod, 105, a second connecting rod, 106, a column body, 107, an opening bolt, 108, a positioning groove, 109, a positioning block, 110, a fixing groove, 111, a clamping groove, 112, a support, 113, a buckle, 114, a flange, 115, positioning teeth, 116, a sinking groove and 117 and a pushing part.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, a sternum spreader comprises 2 symmetrically arranged spreading plates 101 for being fastened to a sternotomy site to support a sternum, wherein the middle portions of the outer side end surfaces of the 2 spreading plates 101 are respectively recessed inward to form fixing grooves 110, so that when the spreading plates are fastened to the inner side of the sternotomy site, the sternums at two sides are respectively fastened in the corresponding fixing grooves, the spreading plates are conveniently positioned, and the spreading plates are prevented from falling off, a first spreading arm 102 is arranged on the spreading plate 101 at one side, a second spreading arm 103 is arranged on the spreading plate 101 at the other side, the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm can be in a relatively parallel structure or in a structure with two arched middle portions to prevent from blocking an operation field of vision, as shown in fig. 2, a first connecting rod 104 is arranged at one end of the first spreading arm 102, which is far away from the spreading plate 101, the first connecting rod is relatively vertical to the tail end of the first spreading arm, the first spreading arm is driven to synchronously move when the first connecting rod relatively moves, a second connecting rod 105 is arranged at one end of the second spreading arm 103 far away from the spreading plate 101, the tail end of the second spreading arm is relatively vertical to the second connecting rod, and the second spreading arm synchronously moves in the same direction when the second connecting rod relatively moves; when the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod is moved relatively, the first spreading arm or the second spreading arm drives the spreading plates on the same side to move, and the distance between the two spreading plates can be adjusted; according to the invention, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are connected with the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm, so that the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm can be kept at a certain distance relatively, and the sight shielding of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm is reduced.

In the invention, a threaded hole is arranged in the middle of the first connecting rod 104, the axial direction of the threaded hole is parallel to the length direction of the first connecting rod 104, a threaded through hole is arranged on the first spreading arm 102, the threaded through hole corresponds to the position of the threaded hole on the first connecting rod, a spreading bolt 107 is arranged in the threaded through hole, the spreading bolt 107 is in threaded connection in the threaded through hole, and the tail end of the spreading bolt 107 is in threaded connection in the threaded hole in the first connecting rod 104; when the spreading bolt is rotated, the spreading bolt can move towards the direction close to the second connecting rod relative to the first connecting rod in the relative movement process, positioning grooves 108 are respectively arranged on 2 opposite end surfaces of the inner wall of the threaded hole, the length direction of each positioning groove 108 is parallel to the axial direction of the first connecting rod 104, the inner diameter of the second connecting rod 105 is smaller than that of the threaded hole, a positioning block 109 which can be clamped inside the positioning groove 108 is arranged on the side wall of the second connecting rod 105, when the second connecting rod moves relative to the first connecting rod, the positioning block is clamped in the positioning groove, so that the second connecting rod moves along the axial direction of the first connecting rod and cannot rotate relative to the first connecting rod in the moving process relative to the first connecting rod, the end of the expanding bolt 107 abuts against one end of the second connecting rod 105 far away from the second expanding arm 103. The spreading bolt is relatively rotated to push the second connecting rod to move when moving along the threaded hole on the first connecting rod, so that the second spreading arm moves towards the direction away from the first spreading arm under the driving of the second connecting rod, and then the spreading plates are driven to relatively move to spread the sternum. According to the invention, the opening bolt for pushing the second connecting rod to move relatively is arranged on the inner side of the first connecting rod, so that the structure is more compact, in addition, in the use process, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can be positioned on the outer side of the sternum cutting part, the shielding of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod on the operation visual field is reduced, the first opening arm, the second opening arm, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod can form a U-shaped structure, and in the use process of the whole structure, the shielding of the operation part can be reduced as much as possible, and the operation is convenient.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, a preferred structure for supporting and fixing the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm is disclosed, preferably, a plurality of clamping grooves 111 corresponding to the positions are respectively disposed on the opposite end surfaces of the first spreading arm 102 and the second spreading arm 103, the clamping grooves are respectively disposed at equal intervals along the length direction of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm, a bracket 112 is disposed at one end of the first connecting rod 104 away from the first spreading arm 102, the middle of the bracket 112 is clamped on the first connecting rod 104, so that the middle of the bracket is fixed relative to the first connecting rod, two ends of the bracket 112 are bent downward to form a buckle 113, and the buckle 113 is respectively inserted into the clamping grooves 111 on the first spreading arm 102 and the second spreading arm 103. In this embodiment, make the support adopt to make with elastic metal, when the buckle joint is in the draw-in groove that is close to the spreader plate position, the distance between the spreader plate is minimum distance of strutting, when the buckle joint is in the draw-in groove of keeping away from the spreader plate position, the distance between two spreader plates is the biggest distance of strutting, in this embodiment, makes the support prop open the arm and support and fix first spreader arm and second spreader arm middle part, avoids under the effect of sternum, makes first spreader arm and second spreader arm produce the deformation.

Further preferably, in this embodiment, the bracket 112 is of an arc-shaped structure, so that the bracket has better elasticity, and can reduce the shielding of the bracket on the surgical field of view, the flange 114 is arranged on the upper end surface of the middle part of the first connecting rod 104, the reserved groove is arranged in the middle of the bracket 112, the reserved groove is located outside the arched side of the bracket, so that the inner diameter of the reserved groove is larger than the outer diameter of the flange, and the flange 114 can be clamped inside the reserved groove. Also can set up annular groove in flange middle part, conveniently fix the support, avoid the support to remove along flange direction of height when the atress and lead to the support to drop.

In order to further stabilize the bracket, in this embodiment, the bracket 112 is provided with positioning teeth 115, the positioning teeth and the fasteners are arranged at intervals, the distance between the positioning teeth and the fasteners is equal to the distance between adjacent clamping grooves, the positioning teeth 115 and the fasteners 113 are located on the same side, the positioning teeth 115 can be clamped in the clamping grooves 111, when the fasteners are clamped inside the clamping grooves, the positioning teeth are correspondingly clamped in the clamping grooves, and the bracket can be prevented from falling off from the first spreading arm or the second spreading arm through the combined action of the positioning teeth and the fasteners. In this embodiment, can set up anti-skidding line in the draw-in groove inboard to set up corresponding anti-skidding line on the location tooth, prevent that the location tooth from droing.

Example 2:

in this embodiment, in order to reduce the obstruction to the surgical field, preferably, the middle portions of the first spreading arm 102 and the second spreading arm 103 are arched outward, so that the connecting portions of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm and the spreading plate are parallel to each other, and the connecting portions of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are parallel to each other, when the spreading plate is used to spread the sternum, the middle portions of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm are located outside the surgical incision, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are located outside the surgical incision end, so that in the overall structure, only two spreading plates are located inside the incision, so that the surgical incision can be shielded as little as possible, in order to reduce the wear to the sternum, in this embodiment, the outer end portions of 2 sternum spreading plates 101 are arc-shaped, and correspondingly, so that the fixing grooves are arc-shaped groove structures, so that the edge portions of the spreading plates contacting the sternum do not wear, is relatively attached to the edge of the expanded part of the sternum.

In this embodiment, for convenience of operation, preferably, 2 of the expanding plates 101 are provided with a column 106 on their opposite end surfaces, and the first expanding arm 102 and the second expanding arm 103 are respectively sleeved on the corresponding column 106. In the operation process, can prop open the arm around cylinder relative rotation first and second, make first connecting rod and second connecting rod can prop open the arm relative movement along with first and second, and then can conveniently adjust the position of first connecting rod and second connecting rod.

In order to facilitate the expansion bolt to push the second connecting rod to move, in this embodiment, a sinking groove 116 is disposed at one end of the second connecting rod 105 facing the expansion bolt 107, a cross section of the sinking groove 116 is a semi-circular arc, and a pushing portion 117 having a hemispherical shape is disposed at a top end of the expansion bolt 107, so that a diameter of the pushing portion is smaller than a diameter of the sinking groove. The semi-spherical pushing part is utilized to form point contact between the distraction bolt and the second connecting rod, which is beneficial to reducing the friction between the first connecting rod and the distraction bolt.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sternal distractor, characterized in that: the supporting device comprises 2 symmetrically arranged supporting plates (101), wherein the middle parts of the end faces of the outer sides of the 2 supporting plates (101) are respectively inwards sunken to form fixing grooves (110), a first supporting arm (102) is arranged on the supporting plate (101) on one side, a second supporting arm (103) is arranged on the supporting plate (101) on the other side, a first connecting rod (104) is arranged at one end, far away from the supporting plate (101), of the first supporting arm (102), and a second connecting rod (105) is arranged at one end, far away from the supporting plate (101), of the second supporting arm (103);

a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the first connecting rod (104), the axis direction of the threaded hole is parallel to the length direction of the first connecting rod (104), a threaded through hole is formed in the first spreading arm (102), a spreading bolt (107) is arranged in the threaded through hole, the spreading bolt (107) is in threaded connection with the threaded through hole, and the tail end of the spreading bolt (107) is in threaded connection with the threaded hole in the first connecting rod (104);

positioning grooves (108) are respectively arranged on 2 opposite end faces of the inner wall of the threaded hole, the length direction of each positioning groove (108) is parallel to the axial direction of the first connecting rod (104), the inner diameter of the second connecting rod (105) is smaller than that of the threaded hole, a positioning block (109) which can be clamped on the inner side of each positioning groove (108) is arranged on the side wall of the second connecting rod (105), and the tail end of the distraction bolt (107) abuts against one end, far away from the second distraction arm (103), of the second connecting rod (105);

a plurality of clamping grooves (111) corresponding in position are respectively formed in the opposite end faces of the first spreading arm (102) and the second spreading arm (103), a support (112) is arranged at one end, far away from the first spreading arm (102), of the first connecting rod (104), the middle of the support (112) is clamped on the first connecting rod (104), two ends of the support (112) are bent downwards to form buckles (113), and the buckles (113) are respectively inserted into the clamping grooves (111) in the first spreading arm (102) and the second spreading arm (103);

the bracket (112) is of an arc structure, a flange (114) is arranged on the upper end face of the middle part of the first connecting rod (104), a reserved groove is arranged in the middle of the bracket (112), and the flange (114) can be clamped on the inner side of the reserved groove;

the middle parts of the first spreading arm (102) and the second spreading arm (103) arch outwards, and the outer end surfaces of the 2 spreading plates (101) are arc-shaped;

the bracket (112) is provided with a positioning tooth (115), the positioning tooth (115) and the buckle (113) are positioned on the same side, and the positioning tooth (115) can be clamped in the clamping groove (111);

the opposite end surfaces of the 2 opening plates (101) are respectively provided with a column body (106), and the first opening arm (102) and the second opening arm (103) are respectively sleeved on the corresponding column bodies (106);

one end of the second connecting rod (105) facing the distraction bolt (107) is provided with a sinking groove (116), the cross section of the sinking groove (116) is in a semi-circular arc shape, and the top end of the distraction bolt (107) is provided with a hemispherical pushing part (117).