CN109119984B - Modeling and designing method, device and system of switched capacitor type direct current transformer - Google Patents
Modeling and designing method, device and system of switched capacitor type direct current transformer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modeling and designing method, a device and a system of a switched capacitor type direct current transformer, which aim to improve the accuracy of modeling of the direct current transformer under low switching frequency. The method has simple principle and clear arrangement, and improves the operation reliability of the direct current transformer; meanwhile, the accuracy of the direct-current transformer model under the lower switching frequency is improved, and a reasonable basis is provided for parameter debugging before the device is put into operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, relates to the technology of direct current solid-state transformers, and particularly relates to a modeling and designing method, device and system of a switched capacitor type direct current transformer.
Background
In recent years, with the development of power semiconductor technology and power electronic technology, the technical bottleneck of direct current power transmission and distribution is gradually overcome, and the direct current power transmission and distribution technology is emphasized and becomes a research hotspot of various countries because the advantages of low circuit cost, low electric energy loss, high power supply reliability, low access cost of energy storage and new energy power generation systems and the like become more and more prominent. The development of the direct-current transformer has great academic value and engineering value as key equipment for connecting the multi-stage direct-current buses.
Against this background, numerous scientific research institutes have developed topological and prototype studies of dc transformers. The early topological schemes mostly adopt an input series output parallel connection mode of an isolated DC-DC converter. This early solution has several major disadvantages: 1. the voltage of the serial side is not adjustable, and the efficiency of the direct current transformer is low when the direct current transformer operates under a non-rated condition; 2. when a bipolar short-circuit fault occurs in the direct-current system, the sub-module capacitor is quickly discharged, and a certain fault current can be provided; 3. when the internal fault occurs, the operation voltage of the non-fault sub-module rises after the fault sub-module is cut off, the safe operation of the direct current transformer is not facilitated, and the module redundancy is difficult to design so as to improve the reliability.
In order to improve the defects, in a text of 'Multilevel MVDC Link Strategy of high-Frequency-Link DC transformer based on Switched Capacitor for MVDCPower Distribution' published in the journal of IEEE Transactions on Industrial electronics in 2016, a topological structure of a switch Capacitor type direct current transformer is provided, and the operation mode of the direct current transformer under the normal condition is subjected to prototype verification; however, the redundant operation of each sub-module is not proposed, and the modeling and controller parameter design of the whole device are not performed. For modeling of the pre-stage switch capacitor, a linear modeling method of the PWM rectifier is provided in a book 'PWM rectifier and control thereof' published by mechanical industry publisher 2012, and a specific controller design process is provided. The analysis method is similar because the equivalent model of the PWM rectifier is similar to the front-stage switch capacitance. However, the linear modeling method in the book is characterized in that the output voltage of the half bridge is used as a state variable of the system, so that the nonlinear problem caused by the product of a switching function and a capacitor voltage is avoided. The method has low accuracy at low frequency, and because the condition averaging variable of the half-bridge output voltage does not meet the small ripple criterion in the condition averaging method, other methods are needed to model the system and design the controller.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a modeling and designing method, a device and a system of a switched capacitor type direct current transformer, which improve the operation reliability of the direct current transformer, establish a more accurate model when the switching frequency is lower and are beneficial to the analysis and design of a controller.
The technical purpose is achieved, the technical effect is achieved, and the invention is realized through the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a modeling method for a switched capacitor dc transformer, where the switched capacitor dc transformer includes N sub-modules, where the N sub-modules include Δ N redundant sub-modules, and each sub-module includes a switched capacitor module and a dual active bridge module that are sequentially connected; all the sub-modules are connected in an input-series output-parallel mode, a series side is connected with a high-voltage bus through a series reactor, and the modeling method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an average model of all switch capacitor modules in a preset switch capacitor type direct current transformer;
acquiring a preset simplified formula, and substituting the simplified formula into the average models of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain the average models of all the switched capacitor modules after simplification;
based on the simplified average model of all the switched capacitor modules, small signal disturbance is applied at a steady-state working point to obtain small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules;
acquiring small signal model frequency domain expressions of all switched capacitor modules based on the small signal model expressions of all switched capacitor modules;
and simplifying the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain a transfer function of the duty ratio-the inductive current.
Preferably, the average model of all the switched capacitor modules is specifically:
wherein C1 is the support capacitor in each switched capacitor module, and the capacitor voltage is uciI is 1 to N; d is the duty ratio of the on-state of an upper tube in the switch capacitance module, and d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; l is a series reactor reactance; i.e. iLThe current of the high-voltage side series reactor; u. ofsIs the high voltage bus voltage; i.e. iloadIs equivalent to the load current on each switched capacitor module; r is the equivalent series resistance at the input side of the switched capacitor type direct current transformer.
Preferably, the preset simplified formula is:
in the formula ucFor the capacitor voltage u of the support capacitors in all switched capacitor modulesciAnd C is the equivalent capacitance of the support capacitors in all the switch capacitor modules.
The simplified average model of all the switched capacitor modules is as follows:
preferably, the small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules are as follows:
in the formula uC0The total voltage of the support capacitor at the high-voltage bus side at the rated working point; i.e. iL0The current flowing in the reactor; d0Duty ratio for switching on the upper tube in the switched capacitor module;
in the formula us0Is the high voltage bus voltage; i.e. iload0Is the load current equally distributed to each switched capacitor module;
the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules are as follows:
preferably, the transfer function of the duty cycle to the inductor current is:
preferably, the modeling method of the switched capacitor dc transformer further includes: obtaining the current i of a high-voltage side series reactorLAnd the total voltage u of the high-side capacitorcThe small signal transfer function of (2) is specifically:
in the formula ioFor flow-through in tubes of switched-capacitor modulesCurrent flow;
applying small signal disturbance at steady-state working point to obtain current i flowing in tube of switched capacitor moduleoThe current i flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor moduleoThe small signal model expression is specifically as follows:
according to sC Δ uc＝Δio-Δiload；
Obtaining a transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor, wherein the transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor is specifically as follows:
in a second aspect, the present invention provides a modeling apparatus for a switched capacitor dc transformer, comprising:
the average model acquisition module of the switched capacitor module is used for acquiring average models of all switched capacitor modules in a preset switched capacitor type direct current transformer;
simplifying the module; the method comprises the steps of obtaining a preset simplified formula, and substituting the simplified formula into the average models of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain the average models of all the switched capacitor modules after simplification;
the small signal model expression obtaining module of the switched capacitor module is used for applying small signal disturbance at a steady-state working point based on the simplified average model of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules;
the small signal model frequency domain expression acquisition module of the switched capacitor module is used for acquiring the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules based on the small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules;
and the duty ratio-inductive current transfer function acquisition module is used for simplifying the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain the duty ratio-inductive current transfer function.
Preferably, the modeling apparatus for a switched capacitor dc transformer further includes a transfer function obtaining module for obtaining a transfer function between an inductor current and a total voltage of a capacitor on a high-voltage side, and is configured to:
obtaining current i of high-voltage side series reactorLAnd the total voltage u of the high-side capacitorcThe small signal transfer function of (a) is,
in the formula ioThe current flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor module is the current;
applying small signal disturbance at steady-state working point to obtain current i flowing in tube of switched capacitor moduleoThe current i flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor moduleoThe small signal model expression is specifically as follows:
according to sC Δ uc＝Δio-Δiload；
Obtaining a transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor, wherein the transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor is specifically as follows:
in a third aspect, the present invention provides a modeling system for a switched capacitor dc transformer, including:
a processor adapted to implement instructions; and
a storage device adapted to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the steps of any of the first aspects.
In a fourth aspect, a method for designing a controller of a switched capacitor dc transformer includes:
obtaining a duty cycle-inductor current transfer function according to any one of claims 1-5;
obtaining a transfer function of the inductor current to the total voltage of the high side capacitor as claimed in claim 6;
and applying the transfer function of the duty ratio-inductive current and the transfer function of the inductive current-total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor to a controller of the switched capacitor type direct current transformer.
In a fifth aspect, a design apparatus for a controller of a switched capacitor dc transformer includes:
a duty cycle-inductor current transfer function obtaining module, configured to obtain the duty cycle-inductor current transfer function in the first aspect;
the inductor current-high-voltage side capacitor total voltage transfer function acquisition module is used for acquiring the inductor current-high-voltage side capacitor total voltage transfer function in the first aspect;
and the application module is used for applying the transfer function of the duty ratio-inductive current and the transfer function of the inductive current-total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor to a controller of the switched capacitor type direct current transformer.
In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a system for designing a controller of a switched capacitor dc transformer, including:
a processor adapted to implement instructions; and
a storage device adapted to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the steps recited in claim 10.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a state space average method to establish an average model of the switch capacitor level of the switch capacitor type direct current transformer, and establishes a linearization model and a small signal model on the basis of the average model, so that a complex model is more accurate and simpler; the obtained transfer function can provide stronger theoretical basis for analyzing the frequency characteristic of the system, optimizing the performance of the controlled object and designing the controller, and the design process is simple and visual.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switched capacitor DC transformer in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a switched capacitor module of a switched capacitor DC transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an equivalent schematic diagram of all the switched capacitor modules of the switched capacitor dc transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the frequency characteristics of the current inner loop for overall voltage control of a switched capacitor DC transformer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a voltage outer loop frequency characteristic diagram of the overall voltage control of the switched capacitor dc transformer according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown, a circuit topology diagram of the switched capacitor dc transformer in the embodiment of the invention is shown. The switched capacitor type direct current transformer is composed of N sub-modules, wherein the N sub-modules comprise delta N redundant sub-modules, and each sub-module is composed of a switched capacitor module (namely a half-bridge module) and a double-active-bridge module. All the submodules are connected in an input-series output-parallel mode, and the series side is connected with the high-voltage bus through a series reactor. Under the condition that no fault occurs, all the redundant sub-modules work in a hot standby state; under the normal rated operation condition, the transmission power of each submodule is (N-delta N)/N of the rated value; only after Δ N redundant sub-modules have failed, the transmission power of the remaining sub-modules is increased to the nominal value. At this point, the interleaved phases of the drive pulses need to be redistributed.
In the circuit topology of fig. 1, L is the series reactor reactance; i.e. iLThe current of the high-voltage side series reactor; r is the equivalent series resistance at the input side of the switched capacitor type direct current transformer; u. ofsIs the high voltage bus voltage; i.e. iloadEquivalent to the load current on each switched capacitor module.
The control block diagram of the switched capacitor dc transformer according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the figure, and the control principle in the block diagram is the prior art. The switch capacitor module in the switch capacitor type direct current transformer mainly has two control targets which are respectively the integral voltage u of the capacitorcControlling current i to high side series reactorLControlling; in the control, the capacitor overall voltage ucThe control is an outer ring control, and PI control is adopted to combine with power feedforward to generate an inner ring command current; current i of high-voltage side series reactorLAnd the control is to control the inner loop, and PI control is adopted to be combined with high-voltage bus voltage feedforward to generate a modulation wave amplitude value to calculate the duty ratio. In the control, the capacitor overall voltage ucAnd controlling a switching tube acting on the switched capacitor module, triggering the on and off of the switching tube, adopting constant-frequency variable-duty ratio control, and simultaneously sequentially staggering 2 pi/N phases of driving pulses among the switched capacitor modules to reduce ripples. After the Δ N submodules are removed, the phase shift angles between the remaining submodules are correspondingly increased to be (N- Δ N)/N times of the original phase shift angles, so as to avoid harmonic increase caused by module removal.
Firstly, modeling all switched capacitor modules in the switched capacitor type direct current transformer; under the condition of neglecting the difference of each switched capacitor module, an average model of all the switched capacitor modules is obtained by adopting a state space average method, wherein the average model is as follows:
wherein C1 is eachA support capacitor in the switched capacitor module with a voltage of uciI is 1 to N; d is the duty ratio of the switching on of the upper tube in the switch capacitance module, and d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent schematic diagram of all the switched capacitor modules in the switched capacitor dc transformer according to the embodiment of the present invention. Let ucFor the capacitor voltage u of the support capacitors in all switched capacitor modulesciAnd C is the equivalent capacitance of the support capacitors in all the switch capacitor modules, namely:
taking equation (2) into equation (1), the state average model of all the switched capacitor modules can be obtained as:
as shown in FIG. 3, the total voltage of the support capacitor on the high-voltage bus side at the rated operating point is set to uC0(ii) a The current flowing in the reactor is iL0(ii) a The duty ratio of the switching-on of the upper tube in the switched capacitor module is d0(ii) a High voltage bus voltage of us0(ii) a The load current equally distributed to each switched capacitor module is iload0. Small signal disturbances are applied at the steady state operating point, and the variables can be rewritten as:
substituting the formula (4) into the formula (3), omitting a steady-state component and a second-order component, and obtaining small-signal model expressions of all switched capacitor modules of the direct-current transformer as follows:
and (3) simultaneously performing Laplace transformation on two sides of the equal sign of the formula (5) to obtain a small signal model frequency domain expression as follows:
wherein s represents a laplace-transformed complex variable;
the simplified small signal model frequency domain expression is as follows:
the further simplification results in the transfer function of duty ratio-inductance current as:
in order to construct negative feedback, a proportional link with gain of-1 is added to a forward channel of a control system, and then the transfer function of the existing open-loop system is as follows:
by analyzing the transfer function formula (8), the control system can be controlled at the resonant frequency
Gain M ofrComprises the following steps:
low current characteristic u due to high voltage on series sideC0＞＞iL0Therefore, it is
Analytical formula (10)It can be known that the transfer function of the duty ratio-inductance current has a large resonance peak value, and the resonance frequency omegarWith steady-state high-voltage bus voltage us0Positive correlation, so the high-voltage bus voltage u is important to consider when designing the controllersStability at the limit of the rated value.
A specific design is given below in conjunction with the present example, for design reference. In this embodiment, in steady state: high voltage bus voltage us01000V, tolerance fluctuation range ± 15%; load current iload025A; a series reactor L is 1 mH; the system equivalent resistance R is 20m omega; support capacitor C of switch capacitor module11000 μ F; total voltage u of all supporting capacitorsC01600V; the number N of the sub-modules is 4; the switching frequency was 1 kHz.
Designing a digital PI controller according to open loop frequency correction indexes, wherein the phase margin is designed to be about 120 degrees, and the gain margin is designed to be about 25 dB; meanwhile, according to the closed-loop frequency characteristic, the closed-loop gain at the resonant frequency is designed to be less than 6dB, and the optimal controller parameter KP＝0.0005，KIThe frequency characteristic of the final current loop is shown in fig. 4, which is 0.5. Therefore, under the limit operation condition, the current loop can be kept stable all the time. In order to further improve the immunity of the current inner loop, the voltage on the high-voltage network side is sampled and used as a feedforward compensation quantity, so that the influence of the voltage disturbance of the high-voltage bus can be inhibited.
The modeling of the voltage outer loop of the control system and the controller design process are specifically as follows. After the current is closed loop, according to the principle of power conservation, the inductive current i can be obtainedLAnd the total voltage u of the high-side capacitorcThe small signal transfer function of (a) is:
in formula (11), ioThe current flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor module. Applying small signal disturbance at a steady-state working point, and omitting a steady-state component and a second-order component, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
according to fig. 3, the formula for the most basic capacitor voltage and capacitor current is:
then substituting into the small signal formula:
then, the steady-state component is removed, and the method is simplified to obtain:
and (3) performing Laplace transformation on the formula to obtain:
sCΔuc＝Δio-Δiload (13)
based on sC delta uc＝Δio-ΔiloadThe following can be obtained:
designing a digital PI controller according to an open loop frequency correction index, wherein the phase margin is designed to be about 60 degrees, the gain margin is designed to be about 10dB, and the preferred controller parameter is KP＝0.15，KI25. The corrected frequency characteristic of the voltage loop is shown in fig. 5.
In order to further improve the disturbance resistance of the voltage outer ring, the load current of the whole direct current transformer is sampled and used as a feedforward compensation amount, so that the influence of the load current disturbance can be restrained. According to the conservation of power, under the condition of neglecting the internal loss of the DC transformer, the method has
usiL＝uLVDCiLVDC (15)
In the formula (15), uLVDCConnecting the switched capacitor DC transformer to the voltage of the low-voltage DC bus iLVDCIs the load current of the whole direct current transformer. In this embodiment, a static feed-forward strategy is adopted, such as
In the formula ilffThe current instruction value of the current inner ring can be obtained by adding the current instruction value obtained by the power feedforward calculation and the current instruction value obtained by the voltage outer ring calculation.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A modeling method of a switched capacitor type direct current transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an average model of all switch capacitor modules in a preset switch capacitor type direct current transformer;
acquiring a preset simplified formula, and substituting the simplified formula into the average models of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain the average models of all the switched capacitor modules after simplification;
based on the simplified average model of all the switched capacitor modules, small signal disturbance is applied at a steady-state working point to obtain small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules;
acquiring small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules based on the small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules;
simplifying the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain a transfer function of a duty ratio-an inductive current;
the expression of the average model of all the switched capacitor modules is specifically as follows:
wherein C1 is the support capacitor in each switched capacitor module, and the capacitor voltage is uciI is 1 to N; d is the duty ratio of the upper tube in the switched capacitor module, and d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; l is a series reactor reactance; i.e. iLThe current of the high-voltage side series reactor; u. ofsIs the high voltage bus voltage; i.e. iloadIs equivalent to the load current on each switched capacitor module; r is the equivalent series resistance at the input side of the switched capacitor type direct current transformer;
the expression of the simplified average model of all the switched capacitor modules is as follows:
in the formula ucFor the capacitor voltage u of the support capacitors in all switched capacitor modulesciThe sum C is the equivalent capacitance of the support capacitance in all the switched capacitor modules;
the small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules are as follows:
in the formula uC0The total voltage of the support capacitor at the high-voltage bus side at the rated working point; i.e. iL0The current flowing in the reactor; d0Duty ratio for switching on the upper tube in the switched capacitor module;
in the formula us0Is the high voltage bus voltage; i.e. iload0Is the load current equally distributed to each switched capacitor module;
the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules are as follows:
2. the modeling method of the switched capacitor dc transformer according to claim 1, wherein: the transfer function of the duty cycle to the inductor current is:
3. the modeling method of the switched capacitor dc transformer according to claim 2, further comprising:
obtaining current i of high-voltage side series reactorLAnd the capacitor voltage u of the support capacitor in all the switched capacitor modulesciSum ucThe small signal transfer function of (2) is specifically:
in the formula ioThe current flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor module is the current;
applying small signal disturbance at steady-state working point to obtain current i flowing in tube of switched capacitor moduleoThe current i flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor moduleoSmall signal model representation ofThe formula is specifically as follows:
according to sC Δ uc＝Δio-Δiload；
Obtaining a transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor, wherein the transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor is specifically as follows:
4. a modeling apparatus for a switched capacitor DC transformer, comprising:
the average model acquisition module of the switched capacitor module is used for acquiring average models of all switched capacitor modules in a preset switched capacitor type direct current transformer;
the simplifying module is used for obtaining a preset simplifying formula and bringing the simplifying formula into the average models of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain the simplified average models of all the switched capacitor modules;
the small signal model expression obtaining module of the switched capacitor module is used for applying small signal disturbance at a steady-state working point based on the simplified average model of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules;
the small signal model frequency domain expression acquisition module of the switched capacitor module is used for acquiring the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules based on the small signal model expressions of all the switched capacitor modules;
and the duty ratio-inductive current transfer function acquisition module is used for simplifying the small signal model frequency domain expressions of all the switched capacitor modules to obtain the duty ratio-inductive current transfer function.
5. The modeling apparatus of a switched capacitor dc transformer as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a transfer function obtaining module for obtaining a transfer function between the inductor current and the total voltage of the high side capacitor, configured to:
obtaining current i of high-voltage side series reactorLAnd the capacitor voltage u of the support capacitor in all the switched capacitor modulesciSum ucThe small signal transfer function of (a) is,
in the formula ioThe current flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor module is the current;
applying small signal disturbance at steady-state working point to obtain current i flowing in tube of switched capacitor moduleoThe current i flowing in the tube of the switched capacitor moduleoThe small signal model expression is specifically as follows:
according to sC Δ uc＝Δio-Δiload；
Obtaining a transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor, wherein the transfer function of the inductive current and the total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor is specifically as follows:
6. a modeling system for a switched capacitor dc transformer, comprising:
a processor adapted to implement instructions; and
a storage device adapted to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the steps of any of claims 1-3.
7. A design method of a controller of a switched capacitor type direct current transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a duty cycle-inductor current transfer function of any one of claims 1-2;
obtaining a transfer function of the inductor current to the total voltage of the high side capacitor as claimed in claim 3;
and applying the transfer function of the duty ratio-inductive current and the transfer function of the inductive current-total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor to a controller of the switched capacitor type direct current transformer.
8. A design device of a controller of a switched capacitor type DC transformer is characterized by comprising:
duty cycle-inductor current transfer function obtaining module for obtaining the duty cycle as claimed in any one of claims 1-2
A transfer function of the inductor current;
a transfer function obtaining module of the inductor current to the total voltage of the capacitor on the high voltage side, configured to obtain the transfer function of the inductor current to the total voltage of the capacitor on the high voltage side as claimed in claim 3;
and the application module is used for applying the transfer function of the duty ratio-inductive current and the transfer function of the inductive current-total voltage of the high-voltage side capacitor to a controller of the switched capacitor type direct current transformer.
9. A system for designing a controller for a switched capacitor dc transformer, comprising:
a processor adapted to implement instructions; and
a storage device adapted to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the steps recited in claim 7.
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| CN110889193B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2023-03-14 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Average circuit modeling method and system of direct current transformer |
| CN110912412B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-01-01 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Direct-current transformer and control method thereof |
| CN112710922B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-01-14 | 西南交通大学 | Open-circuit fault diagnosis method for double-active-bridge DC-DC converter |
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