CN109119855B - Commutator and production method thereof - Google Patents
Commutator and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109119855B CN109119855B CN201811034156.6A CN201811034156A CN109119855B CN 109119855 B CN109119855 B CN 109119855B CN 201811034156 A CN201811034156 A CN 201811034156A CN 109119855 B CN109119855 B CN 109119855B
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- metal
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- copper
- carbon
- commutator
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CYKMNKXPYXUVPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ti] Chemical compound [C].[Ti] CYKMNKXPYXUVPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMWYVTOHEQQZHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynenickel Chemical compound [Ni]#[C] VMWYVTOHEQQZHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RRKGBEPNZRCDAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ag] Chemical compound [C].[Ag] RRKGBEPNZRCDAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/04—Commutators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/04—Commutators
- H01R39/045—Commutators the commutators being made of carbon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators
Abstract
The invention discloses a commutator and a production method thereof, relating to a commutator and a preparation method of the commutator. A commutator comprises a shell mainly made of copper and a carbon body, and is electroplated by adopting a vacuum coating mode. The invention carries out electroplating in a physical mode, reduces the pollution to the environment, improves the stability of the carbon structure, ensures that the carbon sheet is not easy to wear and has long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a commutator and a preparation method of the commutator, in particular to a commutator and a production method of the commutator.
Background
As is well known, a commutator includes a housing and a carbon sheet fixed by welding, and since the housing is usually made of copper and the carbon sheet is not firmly welded to the copper directly, since the carbon element and the copper element are not close to each other, in the prior art, copper is plated on the carbon sheet by a chemical method, so that the carbon sheet is covered with a copper layer, and then the copper layer is welded and fixed to the housing.
However, the manner of electroless copper plating always produces industrial waste water such as heavy metals, copper sulfate and the like. Meanwhile, the structure of carbon in the carbon sheet plated with copper in a chemical mode can be unstable, and the carbon sheet is easy to wear and short in service life when used at a later stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the commutator and the production method thereof, the commutator is electroplated in a physical mode, the pollution to the environment is reduced, the stability of a carbon structure is improved, a carbon sheet is not easy to wear, and the service life is long.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a commutator, is including the casing that mainly is copper and makes, the welding has the carbon piece on the casing, the carbon piece is including carbon body and set up on carbon body and with the first metal layer of carbon closeness, first metal layer with carbon body is formed with first metal alloy layer, first metal layer with the casing is fixed and close with copper, first metal layer with be formed with the second metal alloy layer between the casing.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, electroplate through the mode of physics, compare chemical mode and electroplate, outside having reduced the pollution to the environment, improved the stability of carbon structure, the difficult wearing and tearing of carbon piece have improved life. The carbon sheet after chemical electroplating can be seen with obvious parting lines under a microscope, the parting lines are carbon, copper and the parting lines positioned between the carbon and the copper and play a role in connecting the carbon and the copper, the obvious parting lines are approximately linear and are easy to break, so that the whole carbon sheet is unstable after being welded on the shell, after physical electroplating, a first metal alloy layer and a second metal alloy layer without the obvious parting lines can be generated, and the existence of the first metal alloy layer and the second metal alloy layer ensures that the whole carbon sheet is more stable after being fixed on the shell.
The invention is further configured to: the first metal layer is a metal nickel layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nickel belongs to the iron-philic element, is hard and malleable, and can be highly polished and resist corrosion. The structure of the nickel-carbon alloy is relatively stable.
The invention is further configured to: the first metal layer is a metal titanium layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the titanium is a transition metal, and has the advantages of high strength, low density, high hardness, high melting point and strong corrosion resistance. The carbon-titanium alloy has the high strength and toughness of the titanium alloy, and the light and handy characteristics of the carbon fiber are not lost.
The invention is further configured to: the first metal layer is a metal silver layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silver is one of transition metals, the physical and chemical properties of the silver are stable, the heat conduction performance and the electric conduction performance are good, and the silver is soft and rich in ductility. The structure of the silver-carbon alloy is relatively stable.
The invention is further configured to: and a second copper layer is also arranged between the second metal alloy layer and the shell.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the second copper layer is welded and fixed with the shell, the second copper layer is more stable after being welded and fixed due to the fact that the second copper layer is made of copper.
A production method of a commutator comprises a shell mainly made of copper and a carbon body, adopts a vacuum coating mode to carry out electroplating, and comprises the following operation steps:
s1, striking a first metal element close to the carbon element on the carbon body through an electron gun, wherein a first metal alloy layer is formed on the carbon body, the first metal element comprises one or more single elements, and a first metal layer covers the first metal alloy layer;
s2, striking a second metal element close to the copper on the first metal layer through an electron gun, wherein a second metal alloy layer is formed on the first metal layer;
and S3, welding and fixing the second metal alloy layer and the shell.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, electroplate through the physical mode, throw into first metallic element on the carbon body earlier, first metallic element can form first metal alloy layer and the first metal level that is located first metal alloy layer with the carbon body, throw into second metallic element again, second metallic element and first metal level form second metal alloy layer and the second metal level that is located second metal alloy layer, last welding position is exactly second metal level and casing welding, with this kind of physical plating's mode application on carbon body electroplates, compare traditional chemical plating, the commutator after the fixing is more stable, the difficult wearing and tearing that take place of carbon body, reinforcing life.
The invention is further configured to: the second metal element is copper, and electroplating is continued after the second metal alloy layer is formed by the copper and the first metal element, so that a second copper layer is formed on the second metal alloy layer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the second copper layer is directly welded with the shell by directly using copper, and the copper is welded with the copper more firmly.
The invention is further configured to: punching a first metal element on one side of the carbon body through an electron gun; punching a second metal element on the other side of the carbon body, and simultaneously punching the first metal element and the second metal element; and finally, only punching out the second metal element.
By adopting the technical scheme, the carbon body is only required to be fixed at a specific position, then the first metal element and the second metal element are added in the vacuum coating mode, the first metal element and the second metal element are directionally controlled by a magnetron sputtering method, and the production efficiency is improved.
In conclusion, the invention mainly adopts a physical mode to drive electrons into the carbon body, thereby realizing physical electroplating.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial schematic view of the layer structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a housing; 2. a carbon sheet; 3. a carbon body; 4. a first metal layer; 5. a first metal alloy layer; 6. a second metal alloy layer; 7. a second copper layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Implementing one step:
as shown in fig. 1, a commutator includes a housing 1 made of copper, a carbon sheet 2 welded on the housing 1, the carbon sheet 2 including a carbon body 3 and a first metal layer 4 disposed on the carbon body 3 and close to the carbon, a first metal alloy layer 5 formed on the first metal layer 4 and the carbon body 3, the first metal layer 4 fixed to the housing 1 and close to the copper. A second copper layer 7 is further arranged between the second metal alloy layer 6 and the shell 1, and when the second copper layer 7 and the shell 1 are welded and fixed, the second copper layer is more stable after being welded and fixed because of copper. The first metal layer 4 and the second copper layer 7 form a second metal alloy layer 6. Electroplating through the mode of physics, comparing chemical mode and electroplating, outside having reduced the pollution to the environment, improved the stability of carbon structure, carbon piece 2 is difficult for wearing and tearing, has improved life. The carbon sheet 2 after chemical electroplating has an obvious parting line under a microscope, the parting line is carbon, copper and a parting line positioned between the carbon and the copper, the parting line has the function of connecting the carbon and the copper, the obvious parting line is approximately linear and is easy to break, so that the whole carbon sheet 2 is unstable after being welded on the shell 1, after physical electroplating, a first metal alloy layer 5 and a second metal alloy layer 6 without the obvious parting line can be generated, and the existence of the first metal alloy layer 5 and the second metal alloy layer 6 ensures that the whole carbon sheet 2 is more stable after being fixed on the shell 1.
The first metal layer 4 is a metallic nickel layer, the first metal alloy layer 5 is an alloy of nickel and carbon, and the second metal alloy layer 6 is an alloy of nickel and copper. Nickel is an iron-philic element, is both hard and ductile, and it is highly polished and corrosion resistant. The structure of the nickel-carbon alloy is relatively stable.
A production method of a commutator comprises a shell 1 mainly made of copper and a carbon body 3, adopts a vacuum coating mode to carry out electroplating, and comprises the following operation steps:
s1, striking a first metal element close to the carbon element on the carbon body 3 through an electron gun, wherein a first metal alloy layer 5 is formed on the carbon body 3, the first metal element comprises one or more single elements, and the first metal alloy layer 5 is covered with a first metal layer 4;
s2, striking a second metal element close to copper on the first metal layer 4 by an electron gun, wherein a second metal alloy layer 6 is formed on the first metal layer 4;
and S3, welding and fixing the second metal alloy layer 6 and the shell 1.
Through physical mode electroplating, throw into first metallic element on carbon body 3 earlier, first metallic element can form first metal alloy layer 5 and be located first metal layer 4 on metal alloy layer 5 with carbon body 3, throw into second metallic element again, second metallic element and first metal layer 4 form second metal alloy layer 6 and be located the second metal layer on second metal alloy layer 6, the last welding position is exactly that second metal layer and casing 1 weld, use this kind of physical electroplating's mode in carbon body 3 electroplating, compare traditional chemical plating, the commutator after the fixing is more stable, carbon body 3 is difficult for taking place wearing and tearing, reinforcing life.
The first metal element is nickel, the second metal element is copper, and electroplating is continued after the second metal alloy layer 6 is formed by copper and the first metal element, so that a second copper layer 7 is formed on the second metal alloy layer 6. The second metal layer is a second copper layer 7. If copper is directly used, the second copper layer 7 is directly welded to the case 1, and copper is welded to copper, so that the case is more firm.
The first metal element is punched out of one side of the carbon body 3 through the electron gun, the second metal element is punched out of the other side of the carbon body 3 after a period of time, the first metal element and the second metal element are simultaneously punched out, and finally only the second metal element is punched out. The carbon body 3 is fixed at a specific position, and then the first metal element and the second metal element are added in the vacuum coating mode, the first metal element and the second metal element are directionally controlled by a magnetron sputtering method, and the production efficiency is improved.
Example two:
the difference from the first embodiment is that the second metal element is titanium, the first metal layer 4 is a metal titanium layer, the first metal alloy layer 5 is an alloy of titanium and carbon, and the second metal alloy layer 6 is an alloy of titanium and copper. Titanium is a transition metal, and has high strength, low density, high hardness, high melting point and high corrosion resistance. The carbon-titanium alloy has the high strength and toughness of the titanium alloy, and the light and handy characteristics of the carbon fiber are not lost.
Example three:
the difference from the first embodiment is that the second metal element is silver, the first metal layer 4 is a metallic silver layer, the first metal alloy layer 5 is an alloy of silver and carbon, and the second metal alloy layer 6 is an alloy of silver and copper. The silver is one of transition metals, has stable physical and chemical properties, good heat conduction and electric conduction performance, soft quality and rich ductility.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the design concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A commutator comprises a shell (1) made of copper, and is characterized in that: a carbon sheet (2) is welded on the shell (1), the carbon sheet (2) comprises a carbon body (3) and a first metal layer (4) which is arranged on the carbon body (3) and is close to carbon, a first metal alloy layer (5) is formed on the first metal layer (4) and the carbon body (3), the first metal layer (4) is fixed with the shell (1) and is close to copper, and a second metal alloy layer (6) is formed between the first metal layer (4) and the shell (1); the first metal alloy layer (5) and the second metal alloy layer (6) have no obvious parting line.
2. The commutator of claim 1 wherein: the first metal layer (4) is a metal nickel layer.
3. The commutator of claim 1 wherein: the first metal layer (4) is a metal titanium layer.
4. The commutator of claim 1 wherein: the first metal layer (4) is a metal silver layer.
5. The commutator of claim 1 wherein: and a second copper layer (7) is also arranged between the second metal alloy layer (6) and the shell (1).
6. A production method of a commutator, the commutator comprises a shell (1) made of copper and a carbon body (3), and is characterized in that: electroplating is carried out by adopting a vacuum coating mode, and the method comprises the following operation steps:
s1, striking a first metal element close to the carbon element on the carbon body (3) through an electron gun, wherein a first metal alloy layer (5) is formed on the carbon body (3), the first metal element comprises one or more single elements, and the first metal alloy layer (5) is covered with a first metal layer (4);
s2, striking a second metal element close to copper on the first metal layer (4) through an electron gun, and forming a second metal alloy layer (6) on the first metal layer (4);
and S3, welding and fixing the second metal alloy layer (6) and the shell (1).
7. The method for producing a commutator claimed in claim 6, wherein: the second metal element is copper, and electroplating is continued after the second metal alloy layer (6) is formed by the copper and the first metal element, so that a second copper layer (7) is formed on the second metal alloy layer (6).
8. The method for producing a commutator claimed in claim 7, wherein: punching a first metal element on one side of the carbon body (3) through an electron gun; punching a second metal element on the other side of the carbon body (3), and simultaneously punching the first metal element and the second metal element; and finally, only punching out the second metal element.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811034156.6A CN109119855B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Commutator and production method thereof |
| PCT/CN2019/104193 WO2020048450A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2019-09-03 | Commutator and production method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811034156.6A CN109119855B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Commutator and production method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109119855A CN109119855A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
| CN109119855B true CN109119855B (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811034156.6A Active CN109119855B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Commutator and production method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109119855B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020048450A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109119855B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江长城换向器有限公司 | Commutator and production method thereof |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4596404B2 (en) * | 2001-06-05 | 2010-12-08 | 株式会社デンソー | Current-carrying member of direct current motor for fuel pump, manufacturing method thereof, and fuel pump |
| CN1234198C (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2005-12-28 | 浙江长城换向器有限公司 | Planar carbon commutator |
| CN100502168C (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-06-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Lead welding and shaping method for commutator with carbon copper compound structure |
| CN101499601B (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-06-30 | 安固集团有限公司 | Method for welding carbon board and copper substrate in commutator |
| CN101997254A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-03-30 | 钱永球 | Novel manufacturing method of carbon commutator and product thereof |
| CN102468777A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2012-05-23 | 孔和平 | Novel large-scale inverter |
| CN103001089B (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2015-06-03 | 深圳市凯中精密技术股份有限公司 | Carbon commutator manufacturing method and carbon commutator |
| CN103540932B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-12-02 | 上海大学 | A kind of method preparing copper zinc alloy layer at surface of low-carbon steel |
| WO2016069441A1 (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2016-05-06 | Dragonfly Energy, LLC | Processes for the manufacture of conductive particle films for lithium ion batteries and lithium ion batteries |
| DE102015205735A1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | Schunk Hoffmann Carbon Technology Ag | Use of a carbon composite material for producing electrical contact bodies for a fuel pump and contact body |
| CN106787462B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2020-10-23 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Motor drive assembly |
| CN107204557A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | The preparation method of commutator, the motor using the commutator and commutator |
| CN109119855B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江长城换向器有限公司 | Commutator and production method thereof |
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2018
- 2018-09-05 CN CN201811034156.6A patent/CN109119855B/en active Active
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| WO2020048450A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
| CN109119855A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
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Address after: No. 2555 Tongpan Road, Shangwang Street, Rui'an City, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325000 Patentee after: Zhejiang Greatwall Commutator Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 511, Development Zone Avenue, Economic Development Zone, Rui'an City, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 325200 Patentee before: ZHEJIANG GREATWALL COMMUTATOR Co.,Ltd. |
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Denomination of invention: A commutator and its production method Effective date of registration: 20231124 Granted publication date: 20201030 Pledgee: Industrial Bank Co.,Ltd. Wenzhou Ruian sub branch Pledgor: Zhejiang Greatwall Commutator Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023330002786 |
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