CN109116551B - Phase adjusting structure, manufacturing method and driving method thereof, and holographic display device - Google Patents
Phase adjusting structure, manufacturing method and driving method thereof, and holographic display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109116551B CN109116551B CN201810954010.7A CN201810954010A CN109116551B CN 109116551 B CN109116551 B CN 109116551B CN 201810954010 A CN201810954010 A CN 201810954010A CN 109116551 B CN109116551 B CN 109116551B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/06—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
- G03H2210/10—Modulation characteristics, e.g. amplitude, phase, polarisation
Abstract
The invention discloses a phase adjusting structure, a manufacturing method, a driving method and a holographic display device thereof, relates to the technical field of display, and aims to solve the problem that the existing dynamic holographic display technology cannot realize real-time dynamic modulation when adjusting the phase. The phase adjustment structure includes: the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged; a plurality of phase adjustment chambers disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the phase adjustment chambers having droplets having a first refractive index and a filling medium having a second refractive index disposed therein; the shielding part is arranged on the first substrate or the second substrate and used for limiting light outlets corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers one by one; a driving unit disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the driving unit being capable of adjusting a shape of a droplet in each of the phase adjustment chambers. The phase adjusting structure provided by the invention is used for adjusting the phase of light.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a phase adjusting structure, a manufacturing method and a driving method thereof, and a holographic display device.
Background
With the continuous development of display technology, holographic display technology has received much attention because of its ability to achieve realistic three-dimensional scene display. The holographic display technology uses interference principle to record the specific light wave emitted by the object in the form of interference fringe, so that all the information of the object light wave is stored in the recording medium to form the hologram, when the hologram is irradiated by the light wave, the original object light wave can be reproduced due to diffraction principle, thereby forming a vivid three-dimensional image of the original object, and the viewer can see all the characteristics of the three-dimensional display and has parallax effect.
At present, the implementation of the holographic display technology is mainly divided into static and dynamic, wherein in the static holographic display technology, after the hologram is formed, the phase and intensity information of the displayed image is determined, and only one image can be displayed. The dynamic holographic display technology can display different images by adjusting the phase of the displayed image, but the existing dynamic holographic display technology cannot realize real-time dynamic modulation when adjusting the phase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a phase adjusting structure, a manufacturing method, a driving method and a holographic display device thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the real-time dynamic modulation cannot be realized when the phase is adjusted by the conventional dynamic holographic display technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the present invention provides a phase adjustment structure including:
the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;
a plurality of phase adjustment chambers disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the phase adjustment chambers having disposed therein droplets having a first refractive index and a filling medium having a second refractive index, the first refractive index being different from the second refractive index;
the shielding part is arranged on the first substrate or the second substrate and used for limiting light outlets corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers one by one;
a driving unit disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the driving unit being capable of adjusting a shape of a droplet in each of the phase adjustment chambers.
Furthermore, the phase adjusting structure further comprises a plurality of retaining walls between the first substrate and the second substrate, the retaining walls define the phase adjusting chambers, and the height of the retaining walls in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate is larger than the maximum thickness of the liquid drops in the direction.
Further, an orthographic projection of the liquid drop in the phase adjusting chamber on the first substrate along the thickest part in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the corresponding light outlet on the first substrate.
Further, the liquid drops are made of hydrophobic materials, and the filling medium is made of hydrophilic materials; or, the liquid drop adopts a hydrophilic material, and the filling medium adopts a hydrophobic material.
Further, the driving unit includes:
a plurality of independent driving electrodes in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of phase adjusting chambers;
the thin film transistor array comprises a plurality of drain electrodes which are connected with the plurality of driving electrodes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the thin film transistor array is used for applying electric signals to the plurality of driving electrodes.
Further, the phase adjustment structure further includes: and the hydrophobic layer covers the driving electrode, and the liquid drop is positioned on one side of the hydrophobic layer, which faces away from the driving electrode.
Based on the technical solution of the phase adjusting structure, a second aspect of the present invention provides a holographic display device, including the phase adjusting structure, and further including a display panel, where the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixel units in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of phase adjusting chambers in the phase adjusting structure, and the phase adjusting chambers can perform phase adjustment on light emitted by the sub-pixel units corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers.
Based on the technical solution of the phase adjustment structure, a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a phase adjustment structure, for manufacturing the phase adjustment structure, the method including:
manufacturing a shielding part on the first substrate or the second substrate, wherein the shielding part is used for limiting a plurality of light outlets;
forming a driving unit and a plurality of phase adjusting chambers corresponding to the light outlets one to one between the first substrate and the second substrate;
forming a droplet having a first refractive index and a fill medium having a second refractive index in each phase adjustment chamber, the first refractive index being different from the second refractive index; the drive unit is capable of adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet in each of the phase adjustment chambers.
Further, the step of forming a driving unit between the first substrate and the second substrate specifically includes:
forming a thin film transistor array and a plurality of independent driving electrodes which are connected with a plurality of drain electrodes included in the thin film transistor array in a one-to-one correspondence mode on the first substrate, wherein the plurality of driving electrodes correspond to the phase adjusting chambers in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
the step of forming a plurality of phase adjusting chambers between the first substrate and the second substrate may specifically include:
a plurality of retaining walls are formed on the first substrate, the retaining walls define the phase adjusting chambers, and the height of the retaining walls in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate is larger than the maximum thickness of the liquid drops in the direction.
Based on the technical solution of the phase adjustment structure, a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a phase adjustment method applied to the phase adjustment structure, where the phase adjustment method includes:
the drive unit changes the phase of light emitted through the light exit port in the phase adjustment chamber by adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet in the phase adjustment chamber.
The technical scheme provided by the invention comprises a plurality of phase adjusting chambers and light outlets which correspond to the phase adjusting chambers one by one, wherein liquid drops and filling media with different refractive indexes are arranged in each phase adjusting chamber, the driving unit changes the thickness of the part, right opposite to the light outlets, of the liquid drops and the thickness of the part, right opposite to the light outlets, of the filling media through changing the shapes of the liquid drops, so that the optical path of light is changed when the light is transmitted to the light outlets through the liquid drops and the filling media, and the phase of the light is changed. Therefore, the technical scheme provided by the invention can realize real-time adjustment of the phase of the light entering the phase adjustment chamber by adjusting the shape of the liquid drop in real time through the driving unit, so that when the phase adjustment structure provided by the invention is applied to a holographic display device, dynamic holographic 3D display of real-time phase adjustment can be realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a phase adjustment structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a first top view of a droplet formed on a first substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second schematic diagram of a phase adjustment structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second top view of a droplet formed on a first substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first thickness of a portion of a droplet directly facing a light exit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second thickness of a portion of the droplet opposite to the light outlet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a phase adjusting structure, 10-a first substrate,
11-a second substrate, 12-a phase adjusting chamber,
13-droplets, 14-filling medium,
15-shielding part, 16-light outlet,
17-retaining wall, 18-first zone,
19-second zone, 20-third zone.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the phase adjusting structure, the manufacturing method thereof, the driving method thereof and the holographic display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the following is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the invention provides a phase adjustment structure 1, including: a first substrate 10 and a second substrate 11 disposed opposite to each other; a plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11, the phase adjusting chambers 12 having droplets 13 having a first refractive index and a filling medium 14 having a second refractive index disposed therein, the first refractive index being different from the second refractive index; a shielding portion 15 provided on the first substrate 10 or the second substrate 11 for defining light exit ports 16 corresponding to the plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 one to one; and a driving unit provided between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11, the driving unit being capable of adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet 13 in each of the phase adjustment chambers 12.
It should be noted that fig. 2 is a top view of the liquid droplets formed on the first substrate corresponding to fig. 1, wherein the second region 19 corresponds to a portion of the liquid droplet 13 directly facing the light outlet 16, the first region 18 corresponds to the other portion of the liquid droplet 13, and the third region 20 corresponds to a portion of the first substrate 10 without liquid droplets. Fig. 4 is a top view of a droplet formed on the first substrate corresponding to fig. 3, wherein the second region 19 corresponds to a portion of the droplet 13 directly opposite the light exit 16, and the first region 18 and the third region 20 correspond to other portions of the droplet 13.
When the phase adjustment structure 1 is used for phase adjustment, the specific adjustment process is as follows: taking the example where the shielding portion 15 is provided on the second substrate 11 (that is, the shielding portion 15 defines the light exit port 16 on the second substrate 11), the light to be phase-adjusted enters the phase adjustment chamber 12 from the first substrate 10, passes through the liquid droplet 13 having the first refractive index and the filler 14 having the second refractive index, and exits the phase adjustment chamber 12 from the light exit port 16 on the second substrate 11. When light is injected into the phase adjustment chamber 12, the shape of the liquid droplet 13 located in the phase adjustment chamber 12 is adjusted by the drive unit to change the optical path length of the light when the light is transmitted to the light exit 16 via the liquid droplet 13 and the filling medium 14, thereby changing the phase of the light.
In order to more clearly illustrate the phase adjustment process for the light, a specific embodiment is given below.
The liquid droplet 13 located in the phase adjustment chamber 12 has a first refractive index n1, the filling medium 14 located in the phase adjustment chamber 12 has a second refractive index n2, in an initial state, as shown in fig. 1, in an overlapping region of an orthographic projection of the light outlet 16 on the first substrate 10 and an orthographic projection of the corresponding liquid droplet 13 on the first substrate 10, a thickness of the liquid droplet 13 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 is approximately equal to L1, and a thickness of the filling medium 14 in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 is approximately equal to L2; after the shape of the liquid droplet 13 is adjusted by the driving unit, as shown in fig. 3, in an overlapping region of an orthogonal projection of the light exit 16 on the first substrate 10 and an orthogonal projection of the corresponding liquid droplet 13 on the first substrate 10, a thickness of the liquid droplet 13 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 is approximately equal to L1', and a thickness of the filling medium 14 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 is approximately equal to L2'.
Since the driving unit changes the shape of the liquid drop 13, the optical path of the light is changed when the light is transmitted to the light outlet 16 through the liquid drop 13 and the filling medium 14, so that the phase of the light is changed, and a changed phase difference is obtained
The following were used:
as can be seen from the specific structure of the phase adjusting structure 1 and the phase adjusting process for light rays described above, the phase adjusting structure 1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 and light outlets 16 corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers 12 one by one, each of the phase adjusting chambers 12 is provided with a liquid droplet 13 and a filling medium 14 having different refractive indexes, the driving unit changes the thickness of a portion of the liquid droplet 13 facing the light outlet 16 (the thickness is the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11), and the thickness of a portion of the filling medium 14 facing the light outlet 16 (the thickness is the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11) by changing the shape of the liquid droplet 13, because the thickness of the portion of the liquid droplet 13 facing the light outlet 16 changes, and the refractive indexes of the liquid droplet 13 and the filling medium 14 are different, therefore, when the light is transmitted to the light outlet 16 via the liquid droplet 13 and the filling medium 14, the optical path length changes, and the phase of the light changes.
As can be seen from the above analysis, the phase adjustment structure 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the shape of the liquid droplet 13 in real time through the driving unit, so as to adjust the phase of the light incident into the phase adjustment chamber 12 in real time, and therefore, when the phase adjustment structure 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a holographic display device, dynamic holographic 3D display with real-time phase adjustment can be achieved.
In addition, the phase adjusting structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is combined with the existing electrowetting pixel structure design, not only has a simple structure, a mature manufacturing process and lower manufacturing cost, but also has a faster response speed when the optical path difference is regulated and controlled, and when the phase adjusting structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a holographic display device, the dynamic holographic 3D display with high resolution can be realized.
It is to be noted that the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 may be transparent substrates, and are exemplified by glass substrates. The shielding portion 15 may be made of a resin having a high light shielding property, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the liquid drop 13 and the filling medium 14 with suitable refractive indexes can be selected according to actual requirements, and only the difference between the refractive index of the liquid drop 13 and the refractive index of the filling medium 14 needs to be satisfied.
The above-mentioned change of the shape of the liquid droplet by the driving means is based mainly on the principle of electrowetting, which is a phenomenon in which the wettability of the liquid droplet on the substrate, that is, the contact angle is changed by changing the voltage between the liquid droplet and the insulating substrate, and the liquid droplet is deformed or displaced. The liquid can spread on the solid surface, and the solid-liquid contact surface has a tendency of expansion, namely the adhesive force of the liquid to the solid surface is greater than the cohesive force of the liquid, namely wetting. The liquid can not spread on the solid surface, and the contact surface has the tendency of shrinking into a spherical shape, namely, the liquid is not wetted, or the liquid has smaller adhesive force to the solid surface than the cohesive force.
Further, the plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 in the phase adjusting structure 1 may be formed in various ways, and in some embodiments, the phase adjusting structure 1 further includes a plurality of retaining walls 17 located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11, the plurality of retaining walls 17 defining the plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12, and a height of the retaining walls 17 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 is greater than a maximum thickness of the liquid droplets 13 in the direction.
Specifically, a plurality of retaining walls 17 may be formed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11, a plurality of phase adjustment chambers 12 may be defined between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 by the plurality of retaining walls 17, each phase adjustment chamber 12 may be set to be communicated with each other or not communicated with each other according to actual needs, and when it is necessary to set each phase adjustment chamber 12 to be not communicated with each other, the height of the retaining wall 17 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 may be set to be exactly equal to the distance between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11, so as to define a plurality of phase adjustment chambers 12 that are not communicated with each other; when it is necessary to arrange the phase adjustment chambers 12 to communicate with each other, a retaining wall 17 may be provided whose height in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 is smaller than the distance between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11, thereby achieving the definition of a plurality of phase adjustment chambers 12 communicating with each other.
It should be noted that the height of the retaining wall 17 in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 can be set according to actual needs, and preferably, the height of the retaining wall 17 in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 is set to be larger than the maximum thickness of the liquid droplet 13 in the phase adjustment chamber 12 in the direction, so that the retaining wall 17 can limit the liquid droplet 13 in a specified phase adjustment chamber 12, and ensure that the liquid droplet 13 does not flow into other phase adjustment chambers 12 in the process of shape adjustment.
The phase adjusting chambers 12 are defined by the retaining walls 17, so that the manufacturing process is simple, the phase adjusting chambers 12 can be communicated or not communicated with each other according to actual needs, the phase adjusting chambers 12 defined by the retaining walls 17 can limit the liquid drops 13 in the corresponding phase adjusting chambers 12, and the liquid drops 13 are prevented from flowing into other phase adjusting chambers 12 in the process of adjusting the shapes of the liquid drops 13 by the driving unit.
Further, considering that the phase of the light is adjusted mainly by adjusting the optical path of the light transmitted in the phase adjusting chamber 12, and the influence factors of the optical path are mainly the transmission distance of the light in the droplet 13 and the transmission distance in the filling medium 14, since the surface of the droplet 13 has a certain radian, the optical paths generated when the light is transmitted at different positions of the droplet 13 are different, and thus the phase of the light is adjusted to different degrees. In order to avoid the problem of non-uniformity of the phase adjustment of the light rays in the same phase adjustment chamber 12, in some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the droplet 13 in the phase adjustment chamber 12 on the first substrate 10 at the thickest part in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 may be arranged to at least partially overlap the orthographic projection of the corresponding light outlet 16 on the first substrate 10.
Specifically, since the curvature of the surface of the droplet 13 is relatively gentle at the position where the thickness of the droplet 13 is thickest (the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11), the thickness of the droplet 13 at that position is approximately the same (as shown in fig. 5, L11, L12, and the thickness of the portion between L11 and L12 are substantially the same), and the orthogonal projection of the droplet 13 in the phase adjustment chamber 12 on the first substrate 10 at the thickest portion in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 at least partially overlaps the orthogonal projection of the corresponding light exit 16 on the first substrate 10, it is possible to make the magnitude of the phase adjustment substantially the same when the light passes through the phase adjustment chamber 12 for the phase adjustment, without the problem that the phase adjustment for a portion of the light is large and the phase adjustment for another portion of the light is small.
It should be noted that, when actually manufacturing the phase adjustment structure, the position of the light exit may be set according to actual requirements, and is not limited to the above setting manner.
Further, in order to better ensure the uniformity of the phase adjustment degree of the same phase adjustment chamber 12 for the light, the size of the light outlet 16 corresponding to each phase adjustment chamber 12 may be set to be smaller, so that the area of the liquid droplet 13 facing the light outlet 16 is smaller, and the radian of the surface of the corresponding liquid droplet 13 facing the light outlet 16 is substantially gentle (as shown in fig. 6, L11', L12' and the thickness of the portion between L11 'and L12' are substantially the same), thereby better ensuring the uniformity of the phase adjustment chamber 12 for the light.
Further, the material of the liquid droplet 13 and the material of the filling medium 14 disposed in the phase adjustment chamber 12 may be selected according to actual needs, and for example, the liquid droplet 13 may be made of a hydrophobic material, and the filling medium 14 may be made of a hydrophilic material; alternatively, a hydrophilic material is used for the droplets 13, and a hydrophobic material is used for the filling medium 14. Moreover, no matter what kind of material is used for the liquid droplets 13 and the filling medium 14, it is only necessary to ensure that one of them has conductivity and the other has no conductivity.
Specifically, the liquid droplets 13 may be formed of an ink (n-12 alkane) having a refractive index of about 1.42, and the filling medium 14 may be formed of a low-concentration NaCl solution having a refractive index of about 1.33; alternatively, the filling medium 14 may be a gaseous medium that is insoluble in liquid droplets.
Further, the structure of the driving unit in the above phase adjusting structure 1 is various as long as the shape of the liquid droplet 13 can be adjusted, and the above driving unit includes in some embodiments: a plurality of independent drive electrodes and thin film transistor arrays, wherein the plurality of independent drive electrodes correspond to the plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 one to one; the thin film transistor array comprises a plurality of drain electrodes which are connected with a plurality of driving electrodes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the thin film transistor array is used for applying electric signals to the driving electrodes.
Specifically, the thin film transistor array includes a plurality of thin film transistors corresponding to the plurality of driving electrodes one to one, a drain of each thin film transistor is connected to the corresponding driving electrode, a gate and a source of each thin film transistor are led out by a wire and bonded to the driving chip, and by setting a corresponding program for the driving chip, the driving chip controls the thin film transistor array to apply an electric signal to each driving electrode, so that the liquid droplet 13 in the phase adjustment chamber 12 is driven, and the shape of the liquid droplet 13 is changed. It is noted that a plurality of independent driving electrodes may be located in a one-to-one correspondence within the plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12.
Further, the phase adjustment structure 1 provided by the above embodiment further includes: a hydrophobic layer covering the drive electrodes, the droplets 13 being located on the side of the hydrophobic layer facing away from the drive electrodes.
Specifically, in order to better control the deformation of the liquid droplet 13 in the phase adjustment chamber 12, the hydrophobic layer may be covered on the driving electrode in the phase adjustment chamber 12, and the liquid droplet 13 is formed on a side of the hydrophobic layer opposite to the driving electrode, where the hydrophobic layer is an insulating layer, and after an electrical signal is applied to the driving electrode, the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic layer can be changed, so as to change the morphology of the liquid droplet 13 and the filling medium 14, and thus, the optical path difference of light passing through the liquid droplet 13 and the filling medium 14 is changed.
In addition, the formed hydrophobic layer not only can realize the hydrophobic function, so that the liquid drop 13 can be better driven to deform, but also can protect the driving electrode in the phase adjusting chamber 12 and the thin film transistor array connected with the driving electrode. There are various methods for forming the hydrophobic layer, for example: a hydrophobic material may be used to form a hydrophobic layer on the driving electrode through a coating process, but is not limited thereto.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a holographic display device, which includes the phase adjusting structure 1 provided in the above embodiment, and the holographic display device further includes a display panel, where the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixel units corresponding to the plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 in the phase adjusting structure 1, and the phase adjusting chambers 12 can perform phase adjustment on light emitted from the sub-pixel units corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers 12.
Specifically, the holographic display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including a plurality of sub-pixel units, and the size of each sub-pixel unit is generally on the micro-nanometer scale. The phase adjusting structure 1 comprises a plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12, the phase adjusting chambers 12 correspond to the sub-pixel units one by one, light emitted by the sub-pixel units is incident into the corresponding phase adjusting chambers 12, the driving unit adjusts the shape of liquid drops 13 in the phase adjusting chambers 12, and the optical path of the light incident into the phase adjusting chambers 12 in the chambers is changed, so that the phase of the light is adjusted.
Since the phase adjustment structure 1 provided in the above embodiment can adjust the shape of the liquid droplet 13 in real time through the driving unit, so as to adjust the phase of the light incident into the phase adjustment chamber 12 in real time, the holographic display device provided in the embodiment of the invention can realize dynamic holographic 3D display with real-time phase adjustment when the phase adjustment structure 1 is included.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a phase adjustment structure, which is used for manufacturing the phase adjustment structure provided by the above embodiment, and the manufacturing method includes:
manufacturing a shielding part 15 on the first substrate 10 or the second substrate 11, wherein the shielding part 15 is used for defining a plurality of light outlets 16;
a plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12, which are formed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 and correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light outlets 16, and a driving unit;
forming a droplet 13 having a first refractive index and a filling medium 14 having a second refractive index in each phase adjustment chamber 12, the first refractive index being different from the second refractive index; the drive unit is capable of adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet 13 in each phase adjustment chamber 12.
Specifically, the transparent first substrate 10 or the transparent second substrate 11 can be selected, the shielding portion 15 is formed on the first substrate 10 or the transparent second substrate 11, the shielding portion 15 can define a plurality of light outlets 16 on the first substrate 10 or the transparent second substrate 11, and the size of the light outlets 16 can be set according to actual needs. A driving unit and phase adjusting chambers 12 corresponding to the light outlets 16 one by one are formed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11, and then a liquid droplet 13 having a first refractive index and a filling medium 14 having a second refractive index are formed in each phase adjusting chamber 12, the driving unit being capable of adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet 13 in each phase adjusting chamber 12, thereby changing the thickness of a portion of the liquid droplet 13 facing the light outlet 16 (the thickness is in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11), and the thickness of a portion of the filling medium 14 facing the light outlet 16 (the thickness is in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11).
The phase adjusting structure 1 manufactured by the manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 and light outlets 16 corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers 12 one by one, each phase adjusting chamber 12 is provided with a liquid drop 13 and a filling medium 14 with different refractive indexes, the driving unit changes the thickness of the part, opposite to the light outlet 16, of the liquid drop 13 and the thickness of the part, opposite to the light outlet 16, of the filling medium 14 and the light outlet 16 by changing the shape of the liquid drop 13, and because the thicknesses of the parts, opposite to the light outlet 16, of the liquid drop 13 and the filling medium 14 are changed and the refractive indexes of the liquid drop 13 and the filling medium 14 are different, the optical path of light is changed when the light is transmitted to the light outlet 16 through the liquid drop 13 and the filling medium 14, so that the phase of the light is changed.
It can be seen that the phase adjustment structure manufactured by the manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the shape of the liquid droplet 13 in real time through the driving unit, so as to adjust the phase of the light incident into the phase adjustment chamber 12 in real time, and therefore, when the phase adjustment structure manufactured by the manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a holographic display device, dynamic holographic 3D display with real-time phase adjustment can be realized.
Further, the step of forming the driving unit between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 specifically includes: forming a thin film transistor array and a plurality of independent driving electrodes connected to a plurality of drains included in the thin film transistor array in a one-to-one correspondence on the first substrate 10, the plurality of driving electrodes corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers 12 in a one-to-one correspondence;
specifically, a thin film transistor array may be fabricated on the first substrate 10, where the thin film transistor array includes a plurality of thin film transistors distributed in an array, a plurality of independent driving electrodes are fabricated on a side of the thin film transistor array facing away from the first substrate 10, the driving electrodes are in one-to-one correspondence with the phase adjustment chambers 12, and the driving electrodes are in one-to-one correspondence with drain electrodes of the thin film transistors included in the thin film transistor array.
The step of forming the plurality of phase adjustment chambers 12 between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 includes: a plurality of retaining walls 17 are formed on the first substrate 10, the retaining walls 17 defining a plurality of phase adjustment chambers 12, the height of the retaining walls 17 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 being greater than the maximum thickness of the droplets 13 in that direction.
Specifically, after the driving unit is manufactured, a retaining wall film may be manufactured on a side of the driving unit opposite to the first substrate 10, and then the retaining wall film may be patterned to form a plurality of retaining walls 17, the plurality of retaining walls 17 define a plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12, and a plurality of driving electrodes may be defined in the plurality of phase adjusting chambers 12 in a one-to-one correspondence.
After the plurality of retaining walls 17 are formed, the droplets 13 and the filling medium 14 may be formed in the respective phase adjustment chambers 12, and then the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 may be mounted in a cassette, or the droplets 13 may be formed in the respective phase adjustment chambers 12, then the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11 may be mounted in a cassette, and finally the filling medium 14 may be formed in the respective phase adjustment chambers 12.
Further, after the fabrication of the driving unit, a hydrophobic layer may be formed on each driving electrode before the formation of the bank 17. Specifically, an entire hydrophobic layer film covering all the driving electrodes may be formed by a coating process using a hydrophobic material, and then the entire hydrophobic layer film may be patterned to form a hydrophobic layer covering each driving electrode.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a phase adjustment method, which is applied to the phase adjustment structure provided in the above embodiment, and the phase adjustment method includes: the drive unit changes the phase of light exiting through the light exit 16 in the phase adjustment chamber 12 by adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet 13 in the phase adjustment chamber 12.
Specifically, when the phase adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to perform phase adjustment on light, the shape of the droplet 13 located in the phase adjustment chamber 12 is adjusted by the driving unit, and the thickness of the portion of the droplet 13 facing the light outlet 16 (the thickness is the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11) and the thickness of the portion of the filling medium 14 facing the light outlet 16 (the thickness is the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 11) are changed, because the thickness of the droplet 13 and the thickness of the filling medium 14 in the portion facing the light outlet 16 are changed and the refractive index of the droplet 13 is different from the refractive index of the filling medium 14, the optical path of the light is changed when the light is transmitted to the light outlet 16 through the droplet 13 and the filling medium 14, so that the phase of the light is changed.
It can be seen that when the phase adjustment method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used to adjust the phase of the light, the shape of the liquid drop 13 can be adjusted in real time through the driving unit, so as to adjust the phase of the light incident into the phase adjustment chamber 12 in real time.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly on" or "under" the other element or intervening elements may be present.
In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A phase adjustment structure, comprising:
the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;
a plurality of phase adjustment chambers disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the phase adjustment chambers having disposed therein droplets having a first refractive index and a filling medium having a second refractive index, the first refractive index being different from the second refractive index;
the shielding part is arranged on the first substrate or the second substrate and used for limiting light outlets corresponding to the phase adjusting chambers one by one;
a drive unit provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, the drive unit being capable of adjusting a shape of a liquid droplet in each of the phase adjustment chambers;
the orthographic projection of the thickest part of the liquid drop in the phase adjusting chamber in the direction vertical to the first substrate and the second substrate on the first substrate at least partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding light outlet on the first substrate.
2. The phase adjusting structure according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of retaining walls between the first substrate and the second substrate, the plurality of retaining walls defining the plurality of phase adjusting chambers, a height of the retaining walls in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate being greater than a maximum thickness of the liquid droplets in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate.
3. The phase adjustment structure according to claim 1, wherein the liquid droplets are made of a hydrophobic material, and the filling medium is made of a hydrophilic material;
or, the liquid drop adopts a hydrophilic material, and the filling medium adopts a hydrophobic material.
4. The phase adjustment structure according to claim 1, wherein the drive unit includes:
a plurality of independent driving electrodes in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of phase adjusting chambers;
the thin film transistor array comprises a plurality of drain electrodes which are connected with the plurality of driving electrodes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the thin film transistor array is used for applying electric signals to the plurality of driving electrodes.
5. The phase adjustment structure according to claim 4, characterized by further comprising: and the hydrophobic layer covers the driving electrode, and the liquid drop is positioned on one side of the hydrophobic layer, which faces away from the driving electrode.
6. A holographic display comprising the phase adjusting structure of any of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a display panel comprising a plurality of sub-pixel units in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of phase adjusting chambers in the phase adjusting structure, the phase adjusting chambers being capable of phase adjusting light emitted from the sub-pixel units corresponding thereto.
7. A method for manufacturing a phase adjustment structure, the method being used for manufacturing the phase adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising:
manufacturing a shielding part on the first substrate or the second substrate, wherein the shielding part is used for limiting a plurality of light outlets;
forming a driving unit and a plurality of phase adjusting chambers corresponding to the light outlets one to one between the first substrate and the second substrate;
forming a droplet having a first refractive index and a fill medium having a second refractive index in each phase adjustment chamber, the first refractive index being different from the second refractive index; the drive unit is capable of adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet in each of the phase adjustment chambers;
the orthographic projection of the thickest part of the liquid drop in the phase adjusting chamber in the direction vertical to the first substrate and the second substrate on the first substrate at least partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding light outlet on the first substrate.
8. The method of manufacturing a phase adjustment structure according to claim 7, wherein the step of forming a driving unit between the first substrate and the second substrate specifically includes:
forming a thin film transistor array and a plurality of independent driving electrodes which are connected with a plurality of drain electrodes included in the thin film transistor array in a one-to-one correspondence mode on the first substrate, wherein the plurality of driving electrodes correspond to the phase adjusting chambers in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
the step of forming a plurality of phase adjusting chambers between the first substrate and the second substrate may specifically include:
a plurality of retaining walls are formed on the first substrate, the retaining walls define the plurality of phase adjusting chambers, and the height of the retaining walls in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate is larger than the maximum thickness of the liquid drops in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate.
9. A phase adjustment method applied to the phase adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the phase adjustment method comprising:
the drive unit changes the phase of light emitted through the light exit port in the phase adjustment chamber by adjusting the shape of the liquid droplet in the phase adjustment chamber.
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