CN109113829A

CN109113829A - A kind of engine braking apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN109113829A
Application number: CN201810919167.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姬腾飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-08-09
Filing date: 2018-08-09
Publication date: 2019-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-09
Also published as: CN109113829B

Abstract

A kind of engine braking apparatus, exhaust cam is equipped on the camshaft 1 of engine, brake cam and control cam, equipped with control pull rod on exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, push rod 9 on control body 13 equipped with tappet 7 and V-shaped structure, respectively there is a step in the 9 two sides branch of push rod, drive shaft is housed on control body 13, there are two drive pins for drive shaft one end dress, the other end is connect equipped with actuating arm 142 and with control pull rod, 9 two sides of push rod are equipped with return pin 15 and solenoid valve 17, when engine needs to enter on-position, solenoid valves simultaneously push push rod 9 to be flapped toward return pin side, under control cam effect, step on push rod 9 pushes drive shaft turns to be moved to exhaust rocker arm and brake cam contact position, realize two-stroke braking, when needing to exit, solenoid valve power-off, it returns Position pin pushes push rod to be flapped toward solenoid valve side, and push rod pushes drive shaft to rotate backward in the same fashion, returns to rocker arm and exhaust cam contact position.

Description

A kind of engine braking apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of engine braking apparatus, belong to technical field of automobile engine, especially engine braking Technical field.

Background technique

The appearance and application of engine braking technology are existing for a long time, the application especially on heavy duty diesel engine It is increasingly extensive.For heavy truck, when needing to brake for a long time such as the hill path of long descending when driving, common driving is made Dynamic device (brake) is easy to cause to fail due to overheat when long-time uses, greatly threat traffic safety.Equipment starts In motion, driver starts engine braking apparatus to the vehicle of machine braking device as needed, the combustion of engine cutting at this time Oil supply, clutch keep passing through the kinetic energy towing astern engine rotation of itself with engine power output coupled situation, vehicle, Engine is temporarily converted into consumption power by the timing and lift of change valve especially exhaust valve by engine braking apparatus Air compressor realize braking function.Engine braking apparatus can alleviate the workload of service braking device significantly, The safety of vehicle driving is greatly improved, at present for heavy truck, engine braking apparatus has become indispensable configuration.

Engine braking can be divided into compression-release type braking and deflation type braking again, and compression-release type braking is rushed in compression Cheng Zhong, piston when close to compression top center, open by exhaust valve, will enter cylinder and be discharged by compressed air, then in work Plug closes exhaust valve when entering expansion stroke after top dead centre.Deflation type braking is that engine exists in non-exhaust stroke or only Exhaust valve is kept to be in micro open state in compression stroke, to discharge compressed air, usually compression-release type The braking of brake percentage deflation type has higher braking power, and application is also more.

Engine braking apparatus is mainly used on four stroke heavy duty diesel engines at present, with compression-release type engine Brake apparatus is in the majority, and in one working cycles of four-stroke engine (air inlet-compression-acting-exhaust), piston is being compressed and arranged Gas stroke respectively once moves upwards, and theoretically, engine compresses when being changed into on-position work and is vented the two Stroke, which carries out compression release, could utmostly generate highest braking power, but send out the compression-release type applied at present Motivation brake apparatus, most of timing that can not all change in exhaust stroke for the exhaust valve of engine work and liter Therefore the air for entering cylinder is carried out compression release when can only realize in a working cycles in compression stroke and generated by journey Primary braking, and can not realize primary braking again in exhaust stroke.Disclosed at present can be realized is being compressed and is being vented Stroke all carries out compression release and generates in the technology of braking, generally requires the rocker arm or air valve bridge knot of multiple rocker arms or complexity Structure, structure is complicated, at high cost, the reliability of work also Shortcomings.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of engine braking apparatus, the device can be realized piston compression and exhaust stroke all into Row compression release generates braking power namely piston moves upwards generating braking action every time, makes engine braking function Effect performed to highest, also have by such engine braking be known as two-stroke braking.

Engine braking apparatus of the invention is by camshaft, exhaust rocker arm assembly, rocker arm shaft, arm dowel pin, positioning pin Spring and control mechanism composition.It is that each cylinder removes the exhaust being equipped with for engine ignition state operation on the camshaft Outside admission cam, further include one dedicated for the brake cam of engine braking and for control engine igniting and The control cam switched between on-position, there are three peach tips on the brake cam, wherein lesser two peach tips are in It is symmetrical, it is compressed for opening exhaust valve release when piston each run near top dead center in engine-braking condition Gas, another larger peach tip is then used to open exhaust valve in the expansion stroke of engine, so that exhaust gas is entered cylinder, to realize In exhaust stroke, compression release generates braking again, and the brake cam has with the exhaust cam for engine ignition operation There is identical base circle diameter (BCD).The control cam has a peach tip, so that engine is being lighted a fire and is being braked for drive control mechanism It is switched between state.The lift and brake cam of the control cam and the lift of exhaust cam have the feature that root It is connect at this time with exhaust rocker arm idler wheel during control cam is in the ascent stage of entire cam according to the direction of rotation of camshaft The exhaust cam or brake cam of touching are in base circle portion.The exhaust rocker arm assembly valve actuation end tool there are two with shake The adjustment bolt of arm axle parallel arrangement and as foot, the spacing of two adjustment bolts is equal to exhaust cam center and brake cam center Between spacing, the rocker arm shaft mounting hole of the exhaust rocker arm is equipped with twice arc groove, and the spacing of two arc grooves is equal to row Spacing between gas cam center and brake cam center can be pulled or be pushed equipped with a control pull rod on the exhaust rocker arm Exhaust rocker arm moves on rocker arm shaft.Arm dowel pin and locating pin spring are provided on the rocker arm shaft, when exhaust rocker arm exists When sliding between exhaust cam and brake cam, exhaust rocker arm can be located in respectively and contact position with exhaust cam by arm dowel pin Set or with brake cam contact position.The control mechanism include tappet, tappet positioning pin, push rod, push rod spring, spring base, Guide rod, control body, drive shaft, return pin, return spring, solenoid valve etc., the tappet is mounted on the tappet of control body In hole, tappet is equipped with guide groove, and two sides are provided with push rod locating slot, and tappet can slide up and down in tappet hole, but in circumferencial direction It can not be rotated by tappet positioning finger setting, tappet inner hole bottom is machined with a ball-and-socket.The push rod is in the shape of the letter V, and lower end is Spherical surface is mounted in the ball-and-socket of tappet inner hole, and respectively there is a step in top Liang Ge branch, and there are an arc-shaped attachment beam, institute in middle part It states equipped with push rod spring above push rod, on the guide bar, one end is pressed on control body the push rod spring dress, and one end is equipped with bullet Spring abutment is pressed in the arc beams in the middle part of push rod, and push rod spring has certain spring force and can make push rod and tappet and control Power train between cam processed remains contact in cam axle.The drive shaft is mounted on the drive shaft of control body In hole, drive shaft and drive shaft hole are clearance fit, and drive shaft can rotate in drive shaft hole, and described drive shaft one end is equipped with two A drive pin, the other end are equipped with actuating arm, and described actuating arm one end is cylinder, and is located on exhaust rocker arm and controls pull rod one end U-lag in, when the driving shaft rotates actuating arm can by control pull rod pull or push exhaust rocker arm assembly on rocker arm shaft It is mobile.It is respectively provided with return pin and return spring and solenoid valve in control body upper push-rod two sides, the return pin is mounted on In pin hole, can be slided in pin hole, the return spring is mounted on return pin rear end, to return pin generate active force, described time Position pin remains and side contacts outside push rod under the effect of return spring power.The solenoid valve is mounted on control body, described The drive shaft of solenoid valve is right against on the outside of push rod, and when the solenoid valve is energized, the drive shaft of solenoid valve, which is stretched out, pushes push rod, and electricity The thrust that magnet valve drive shaft generates is greater than return spring to the active force of return pin, enables solenoid-driven axis that push rod is pushed to put To the other side, when solenoid valve power-off, solenoid-driven axis is retracted.

The working principle of the device is: when engine is in fired state operation, solenoid valve is in off-position, at this time The arc groove of exhaust rocker arm inner hole side is positioned by arm dowel pin, so that exhaust rocker arm assembly is in idler wheel and is contacted with exhaust cam Position, so that exhaust rocker arm is opened and closed exhaust valve by the valve timing of engine ignition state and lift, at this time drive shaft The drive pin of the close return pin side of one end is in higher position, is located at lower position close to solenoid valve side drive pin, returns Position pin pushes push rod to solenoid valve side under the effect of return spring power.When cam axle, control actuated by cams tappet and Push rod uplink, since the drive pin in drive shaft close to return pin side is in higher position, push rod is close to return pin side point Step in branch cannot drive drive pin, in addition, since push rod by return pin pushes solenoid valve side to, and push rod is close to electromagnetism There are gaps for drive pin on valve side branch's medial surface and drive shaft close to solenoid valve side, lean on push rod when push rod uplink Step in the branch of nearly solenoid valve side can not drive the drive pin in drive shaft close to solenoid valve side, tappet and push rod In empty reciprocating motion state, drive pin remains static.When engine needs to be converted to engine braking operation state When, solenoid valves, solenoid-driven axis stretches out and push rod is pushed to be flapped toward return pin side, at this point, if tappet is not controlling The base circle portion of cam, tappet will be increased with certain lift and with the lift of control cam or decline, at this point, push rod powers on Stepped locations in the branch of magnet valve side are higher than drive pin, and push rod will keep and drive pin contacts and with gliding in tappet lift Dynamic, with the rotation of camshaft, when tappet returns to the base circle portion of control cam, the lift of tappet and push rod is zero at this time, The two is located at extreme lower position, and the stepped locations in the branch of push rod solenoid side are lower than drive pin, in solenoid-driven axis Thrust under, push rod is pushed to return pin side, and the step in the branch of push rod solenoid side is pulled to drive shaft The upper drive pin lower section close to solenoid valve side, with the rotation of camshaft, when control cam drives tappet and push rod liter again Gao Shi, the step in the branch of push rod solenoid side will push the drive pin in drive shaft close to solenoid valve side, and make Drive shaft turns, the actuating arm of the drive shaft other end pull on the control pull rod on exhaust rocker arm assembly, make exhaust rocker arm assembly The active force for overcoming arm dowel pin, mobile to brake cam side, when tappet and push rod reach maximum lift, push rod is pushed The distance that the angle of drive shaft turns keeps exhaust rocker arm assembly mobile is equal between exhaust cam center and brake cam center Spacing, at this point, the position of exhaust rocker arm assembly will be located in idler wheel by arm dowel pin by arc groove another on rocking arm inner hole With brake cam contact position, simultaneously as the valve actuation end of exhaust rocker arm assembly has, there are two be arranged in parallel with rocker arm shaft Adjustment bolt and as foot, exhaust rocker arm assembly is moved to idler wheel and driving valve or air valve bridge when brake cam contact position Adjustment bolt and as foot also simultaneously be switched to another, exhaust rocker arm will be opened by the valve timing and lift of engine-braking condition Exhaust valve is opened and closes, engine enters brake working condition.When tappet and push rod, which cross maximum lift point, to be fallen after rise downwards, by In the effect by arm dowel pin, the position of exhaust rocker arm assembly and drive shaft be will not change, and tappet and push rod will again The secondary reciprocating motion state in sky.When engine, which needs to exit brake working condition, returns to ignition operation state, solenoid valve Power-off, solenoid-driven axis retract, and under the action of the return spring, return pin will push push rod to be flapped toward solenoid valve side, use The identical action process of braking operation shape is converted to aforementioned engine, when tappet is in the base circle portion of control cam, is returned Position pin pushes push rod that the step on push rod in the branch of return pin side is made to be pulled to the drive in drive shaft close to return pin side Pin lower section is moved, with the rotation of camshaft, the step on push rod in the branch of return pin side will push close in drive shaft return The drive pin of position pin side, and driving axial other direction is rotated, the actuating arm of the drive shaft other end will push exhaust rocker arm It is mobile to exhaust cam side to make exhaust rocker arm assembly, and is eventually returned to idler wheel and connects with exhaust cam for control pull rod on assembly The position of touching, while the position of exhaust rocker arm assembly is positioned by arm dowel pin again by the arc groove on inner hole, engine Ignition operation state is returned to, tappet and push rod also will revert again to empty reciprocating motion state.

Further, the push rod is I font, and the push rod side of the drive shaft uses driven side gear formula, described to push away Bar lower end is spherical surface, is mounted in the ball-and-socket of tappet inner hole, and respectively there are a step in two sides above the push rod, is set on the push rod Have a push rod spring, drive shaft push rod one end is gear, actuating arm, exhaust rocker arm assembly of the drive shaft other end etc. with It is same as before, a drive pin is housed on the axle shaft gear, separately there is a return gear and driving equipped with identical drive pin Shaft gear is with the distribution of tappet axisymmetrical, the axle shaft gear and the return gear number of teeth having the same and modulus, simultaneously also There is an intermediate gear to engage simultaneously with axle shaft gear and return gear, push rod two sides be respectively equipped with return pin and return spring and Solenoid valve, the course of work with it is aforementioned similar: at engine in ignition operation state, push rod pushes solenoid valve to by return pin Side, the drive pin on return gear is located at higher position at this time, and the step on push rod can not drive return gear, in the past of sky Multiple motion state, when engine requires transformation into on-position, solenoid valve pushes push rod to be flapped toward return pin side, due to driving at this time Drive pin is in lower position on moving axis gear, and when controlling cam and returning to base circle position, push rod is in extreme lower position, on push rod Step is pulled to below the drive pin on axle shaft gear, and with cam axle, push rod will push drive shaft turns, make to be vented Rocker arm assembly is mobile to brake cam direction and is ultimately at the position that idler wheel is contacted with brake cam, and engine enters braking work Make state, while during drive shaft turns, axle shaft gear by intermediate gear drives return gear, make return gear by Direction rotation identical with drive shaft, makes the drive pin on return gear symmetrically move on to lower position, when engine needs move back Out when engine-braking condition, solenoid valve power-off, return pin pushes push rod to be flapped toward solenoid valve side, and push rod is according to similar as before Mode pushes return gear, and return gear rotates driving axial other direction, made by intermediate gear drives axle shaft gear Exhaust rocker arm, which is returned to, exits brake working condition with exhaust cam contact position, engine, and push rod returns to empty reciprocating motion shape State.

Further, the mobile mode of the control mechanism driving exhaust rocker arm assembly uses hydraulic drive mode, fluid power Driving medium is engine lubricating oil, specifically: the push rod is I font, and the push rod lower end is spherical surface, is mounted in tappet In the ball-and-socket in hole, respectively there are a step in two sides above the push rod, and the push rod is equipped with push rod spring, and push rod two sides are set respectively Have return pin and return spring and solenoid valve, be arranged symmetrically on the control body of two sides above the push rod two oil ducts and Plunger is equipped with hydraulic oil duct on the control body above exhaust rocker arm assembly, and the hydraulic oil duct both ends are respectively and on push rod The oil duct of square two sides is connected to, and a driving plunger is equipped in the hydraulic oil duct, has driving structure driving below the driving plunger Exhaust rocker arm, the working method of the push rod, return pin and solenoid valve is similar with aforementioned I font push rod, when engine is being lighted a fire When working condition, push rod is flapped toward solenoid valve side, and solenoid valve side plunger is in higher position at this time, at the plunger of return pin side In lower position, push rod is in empty reciprocating motion state, and when needing to enter on-position, solenoid-driven push rod is flapped toward back Position pin side, the step of push rod push plunger and drive plunger by hydraulic-driven, and driving plunger actuation exhaust rocker arm assembly moves Move idler wheel and brake cam contact position, engine enters brake working condition, while drive plunger by it is hydraulic make it is another Plunger position symmetrically moves down, and when engine needs to exit brake working condition, push rod is pushed away according to mode similar as before Moving electromagnetic valve side plunger makes to drive plunger mobile to other direction, exhaust rocker arm is made to return to the position contacted with exhaust cam, Engine exits brake working condition, and push rod returns to empty reciprocating motion state.It drives and is respectively set on the hydraulic oil duct of plunger two sides There is the connection of the oil leab of an oil inlet and check valve and engine, to supplement the lubricating oil of hydraulic oil road internal leakage.

Further, the push rod is non-is directly driven by solenoid valve, and by engine there is the lubricating oil of certain pressure to drive It is dynamic, by being switched on and off for solenoid valve control oil leab, plunger is driven by lubricating oil and push rod is pushed to convert engine For brake working condition, when needing to exit brake working condition, solenoid valve closing releases lubricating oil in oil duct, in return bullet Spring acts on lower return pin and pushes push rod that engine is made to return to ignition operation state.

Further, the exhaust rocker arm assembly is radial type exhaust rocker arm assembly, articulated exhaust rocker arm assembly It is divided into valve side rocker arm and wheels side rocker arm two parts, the valve side rocker arm is a plate-like structure, and valve actuation end is set There is an adjustment bolt and as foot, centre is machined with rocker shaft hole, the valve side rocker arm is processed on the cantilever arm of wheels side There is a driving plane, the valve side rocker arm is on rocker arm shaft and fixes it in axial position, on the wheels side rocker arm Equipped with idler wheel, it is machined with driving plane in rocker body above idler wheel, is bonded with the driving plane on valve side rocker arm, rocker arm shaft Mounting hole is divided into U-shaped structure, and the centre of U-shaped structure is sky, and two side portions are machined with rocker shaft hole, and close to control machine One side section of structure drive shaft is stretched out, and an arc-shaped protrusion is equipped with above extension, is machined with a circular arc driver slot on it, Arc groove at two is equipped on the wheels side rocking arm inner hole, circular arc separation is equal to exhaust cam center and brake cam at two Spacing between center is equipped with positioning pin and locating pin spring on rocker arm shaft, wheels side rocker arm can be respectively positioned at idler wheel With exhaust cam or the position contacted with brake cam.

Further, the exhaust rocker arm is radial type rocker arm, and articulated exhaust rocker arm assembly is divided into valve side and shakes Arm and wheels side rocker arm two parts, the valve side rocker arm valve actuation end are equipped with an adjustment bolt and as foot, rocker shaft holes Intermediate part is notch, and the two side portions of notch are machined with rocker shaft hole, cover on rocker arm shaft, and the valve side rocker arm is in idler wheel Crossbeam connection is arranged at one side section top, and below the crossbeam is machined with driving plane, the valve side rocker arm axial position on rocker arm shaft Set fixation.The wheels side rocker arm rocker shaft hole is partially installed among the barbed portion of the valve side rocker arm, and can be in institute It states and slides axially among valve side rocker arm notch along rocker arm shaft, slidable distance is equal in exhaust cam center and brake cam Spacing between the heart, equipped with control pull rod on the wheels side rocker arm, when engine is in ignition operation state and engine braking When mutually switching between state, as before, control pull rod will push or pull on wheels side rocker arm to be made working principle Idler wheel is contacting with exhaust cam and is mutually switching between brake cam contact position, and valve side rocker arm position is constant.

The advantage of the device is: 1, all carrying out compression release in compression and exhaust stroke the arrangement achieves piston and generate system Dynamic power namely piston move upwards every time is generating braking action, has performed to the effect of engine braking function most It is high.2, for having the multivalve engine more than an exhaust valve, when which works in the braking state while institute is driven Some exhaust valves carry out compression release and generate braking, can improve the braking power of engine unit discharge capacity significantly.3, the dress It is simple to set structure, it is at low cost, it is easy to apply.

Detailed description of the invention

Schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention and is in ignition operation state；

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of camshaft of the invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the exhaust rocker arm assembly of first embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the tappet of first embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the drive shaft of first embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 6 is when first embodiment of the invention is in engine ignition working condition along camshaft center and tappet center Cross-sectional view；

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the push rod of first embodiment of the invention；

Fig. 8 is when first embodiment of the invention is in engine ignition working condition along shaft center and tappet center Cross-sectional view；

Fig. 9 is that first embodiment of the invention positions when being in engine ignition working condition along rocker arm axis center and rocker arm The cross-sectional view at pin hole center；

Figure 10 is that tappet is in empty reciprocating motion when first embodiment of the invention engine is in ignition operation state Schematic diagram when state；

Figure 11 is first embodiment of the invention engine in the mistake converted from ignition operation state to brake working condition The schematic diagram of journey；

Figure 12 is schematic diagram when first embodiment of the invention is in brake working condition；

Schematic diagram when Figure 13 is the structure chart of second embodiment of the invention and is in ignition operation state；

Figure 14 be when second embodiment of the invention is in engine ignition working condition along camshaft center and tappet The cross-sectional view of the heart；

Figure 15 is the structural schematic diagram of the push rod of second embodiment of the invention；

Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of the drive shaft of second embodiment of the invention；

Schematic diagram when Figure 17 is the structural schematic diagram of third embodiment of the invention and is in ignition operation state；

Figure 18 be when third embodiment of the invention is in engine ignition working condition along camshaft center and tappet The cross-sectional view of the heart；

Figure 19 is the structural schematic diagram of hydraulic oil duct arrangement in third embodiment of the invention controller body；

Figure 20 is that third embodiment of the invention is in fixed along rocker arm axis center and rocker arm when engine ignition working condition The cross-sectional view at position pin hole center；

Figure 21 is the process schematic that third embodiment of the invention is converted from fired state to on-position；

Figure 22 is cuing open along camshaft center and tappet center when third embodiment of the invention is in brake working condition View；

Figure 23 is when third embodiment of the invention is in brake working condition along rocker arm axis center and arm dowel pin hole The cross-sectional view at center；

Figure 24 is another structural schematic diagram of solenoid valve control mode of the present invention；

Figure 25 a is the schematic diagram of another structure of exhaust rocker arm assembly of the present invention；

Figure 25 b is cross-sectional view of another structure along valve side rocker arm center of exhaust rocker arm assembly of the present invention；

Figure 25 c is section view of another structure along rocker arm shaft and arm dowel pin hole center of exhaust rocker arm assembly of the present invention Figure；

Figure 26 a is the schematic diagram of the third structure of exhaust rocker arm assembly of the present invention；

Figure 26 b is cross-sectional view of the third structure along valve side rocker arm center of exhaust rocker arm assembly of the present invention；

Figure 26 c is cross-sectional view of the third structure along rocker arm shaft and control pull rod center of exhaust rocker arm assembly of the present invention；

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 to Figure 12 describes the structure and the course of work of one embodiment of the invention, in this embodiment, such as schemes Shown in 1, the device include camshaft 1, exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, rocker arm shaft 3, arm dowel pin 4, locating pin spring 5 and The control mechanism C1 that control engine switches between ignition operation state and brake working condition.

The camshaft 1 is mounted on engine cylinder and covers, and engine cylinder, which covers, is also equipped with rocker arm shaft 3, on the rocker arm shaft 3 Equipped with roller type exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is directly driven by camshaft 1.Fig. 2 shows of the invention The structure of the camshaft 1 removes the exhaust being equipped with for engine ignition state operation for each cylinder on the camshaft 1 Outside cam 101 and admission cam 104, one is additionally provided with dedicated for the brake cam 102 of engine braking and for controlling The control cam 103 that engine switches between igniting and on-position, the brake cam 102 and exhaust cam 101 Adjacent, there are three peach tips on the brake cam 102, wherein lesser two peach tips are symmetric, for starting mechanism Exhaust valve is opened when dynamic state when piston each run near top dead center and discharges gas compressed, another larger peach tip is then used Exhaust valve is opened in the expansion stroke in engine, exhaust gas is made to enter cylinder, to realize that second compression is released again in exhaust stroke Put generation braking, the brake cam 102 and the base circle diameter (BCD) having the same of exhaust cam 101.The control cam 103 has one A peach tip switches over engine between igniting and brake working condition for drive control mechanism C1, and the control is convex The cam lift phase and brake cam 102 of wheel 103 and the lift phase of exhaust cam 101 have the feature that according to cam The direction of rotation of axis 1 is contacted with exhaust rocker arm idler wheel at this time during the lift of control cam 103 is in the entire ascent stage Exhaust cam 101 or brake cam 102 be in base circle portion.Fig. 3 shows exhaust rocker arm assembly described in the present embodiment 2 Structure, the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 valve actuation end tool there are two with rocker arm shaft 3 be arranged in parallel adjustment bolt and as foot 201, the spacing of two adjustment bolts is equal to the spacing between 102 center of 101 center of exhaust cam and brake cam, the exhaust The rocker arm shaft mounting hole of Rocker arm assembly 2 is equipped with twice arc groove 202, and the spacing of two arc grooves 202 is equal to exhaust cam 101 Spacing between 102 center of center and brake cam, equipped with a control pull rod 203, the control on the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 203 one end of pull rod is fixed on the exhaust rocker arm by nut, and the other end is in a U-shaped groove structure, and the control pull rod 203 can It pulls or exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is pushed to move on rocker arm shaft 3.The knot of rocker arm shaft 3 described in the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 9 Structure is provided with arm dowel pin 4 and locating pin spring 5 on the rocker arm shaft 3, and described 4 one end of arm dowel pin is spherical structure, The locating pin spring 5 and arm dowel pin 4 are mounted in the pin hole on rocker arm shaft, and the spherical surface of the arm dowel pin 4 It holds towards on the outside of pin hole.When the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 slides on rocker arm shaft 3 and when any one arc groove 202 is by institute When stating arm dowel pin 4, under the action of locating pin spring 5, the sphere end of the arm dowel pin 4 sticks into arc groove 202, axial position of the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 on rocker arm shaft 3 positioned, when the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is being subject to When axial force reaches a certain level, the arc groove 202 on the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 will oppress the ball of the arm dowel pin 4 Face end is simultaneously retracted the arm dowel pin 4 in rocker arm pin hole, and the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is allow to cross arm dowel pin 4 slide on rocker arm shaft 3.

Switch between ignition operation state and brake working condition above the camshaft 1 equipped with control engine Control mechanism C1, the control mechanism C1 include tappet 7, tappet positioning pin 8, push rod 9, push rod spring 10, spring base 11, lead To bar 12, control body 13, drive shaft 14, return pin 15, return spring 16, solenoid valve 17.It is processed on the control body 13 There are tappet hole and drive shaft hole, the tappet 7 is mounted in the tappet hole of the control body 13, and Fig. 4 shows the tappet 7 Structure, the cup-shaped cylindrical body of the tappet 7, inner hole bottom is machined with a ball-and-socket 70, and two sides are provided with push rod locating slot 71, described The guide groove 72 for preventing Tappet Rotation is additionally provided on tappet 7, the tappet positioning pin 8 is mounted on outside the tappet hole of control body Portion, tappet positioning pin front end reaches in the guide groove 72 of the tappet 7, as shown in Figure 8, to avoid tappet in tappet hole Rotation.The drive shaft 14 is mounted in the drive shaft hole of control body, and Fig. 5 shows the structure of the drive shaft 14, described Drive shaft 14 is made of mandrel 141, actuating arm 142, bolt 143, positioning pin 144, drive pin 145a and drive pin 145b；It is described Two arms are stretched out in fork-shaped in 141 one end of mandrel, and drive pin a 145a and 145b are respectively housed on two arms, and the mandrel 141 is another One end is equipped with actuating arm 142, and the actuating arm 142 is installed together by bolt 143 and positioning pin 144 with the mandrel 141, Described 142 one end of actuating arm is fixed on mandrel 141, and one end is cylindrical, and is located on the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 and is controlled In the U-lag of 203 one end of pull rod, when the drive shaft 14 rotation, the actuating arm 142 in the drive shaft 14 can be by described Control pull rod 203 pulls or the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is pushed to move on rocker arm shaft 3.As shown in fig. 6, the tappet 7 with Push rod 9, push rod spring 10, spring base 11 and guide rod 12 are housed, Fig. 7 shows the push rod 9 between the drive shaft 14 Structure, the push rod 9 is in the shape of the letter V, and lower end is spherical surface, is mounted in the ball-and-socket 70 in the tappet 7, top Liang Ge branch is each There are step a 91a and 91b, middle part there are an arc beams 92.As shown in fig. 6, the guide rod 12 is mounted on the push rod 9 Side, one end are fixed on the control body 13 by nut, and the push rod spring 10 is mounted on the guide rod 12, described Spring base 11 is mounted in 10 lower end of push rod spring, and described 10 one end of push rod spring is pressed on the control body 13, and the other end passes through The spring base 11 is pressed in the arc beams 92 at 9 middle part of push rod, and the push rod spring 10 has certain spring force and energy The power train for enough making push rod 9 and tappet 7 and controlling between cam 103 remains contact when camshaft 1 rotates.Such as Fig. 1 And shown in Fig. 6,9 two sides of the push rod on the control body 13 are respectively provided with return pin 15 and return spring 16, electromagnetism Valve 17, the return pin 15 are mounted in the pin hole on the control body 13, can slide in pin hole, the return spring 16 Be mounted on 15 rear end of return pin, to the return pin 15 generate active force, make the return pin 15 remain with it is described The outer side contacts of push rod 9.The solenoid valve 17 is installed on the control body 13, and the drive shaft of the solenoid valve 17 is right against described 9 outside of push rod, when the solenoid valve 17 is powered, the drive shaft of solenoid valve is stretched out, and the thrust that solenoid-driven axis generates Greater than the return spring 16 to the active force of the return pin 15, the drive shaft of the solenoid valve 17 is pushed described Push rod 9 is flapped toward the other side, and when solenoid valve power-off, solenoid-driven axis is retracted.

In one embodiment of the invention, the working principle and the course of work of the device are: when engine is in a little When fiery working condition, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, Fig. 9, at this time close to 14 side of drive shaft on 2 inner hole of exhaust rocker arm assembly Arc groove 202 is positioned by arm dowel pin 4, and the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is made to be in what idler wheel was contacted with the exhaust cam 101 Position, to make exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 open and close exhaust valve by the valve timing of engine ignition state and lift, at this time The drive pin 145a close to 15 side of return pin of 14 one end of drive shaft is in higher position, close to the solenoid valve 17 1 The drive pin 145b of side is located at lower position, and the return pin 15 pushes the push rod 9 under the return spring 16 effect 17 side of solenoid valve.When the camshaft 1 rotation, the control cam 103 drives tappet 7 and push rod 9 to rise, described Push rod 9 rises when to maximum lift, as shown in Figure 10, since the drive pin 145a in the drive shaft 14 is in high bit It setting, the step 91a in the 9 side branch of push rod is just just contacted with drive pin 145a when push rod reaches maximum lift, Therefore the step 91a in 9 uphill process of push rod on push rod 9 can not drive drive shaft 14, and the other side of the push rod 9 point Branch since there are gap, the step 91b on push rod 9 can not drive drive shaft 14 with drive pin 145b, therefore it is described at this time very Column 7 and the push rod 9 are in empty reciprocating motion state, and the drive shaft 14 remains static.When engine needs to convert When for engine braking operation state, the solenoid valve 17 is powered, and the drive shaft of solenoid valve stretches out and pushes the pendulum of push rod 9 To 15 side of return pin, at this point, if the tappet 7 is not in the base circle portion of the control cam 103, the tappet 7 With push rod 9 by with certain lift, at this point, the position step 91b on the push rod 9 will be above the drive in the drive shaft 14 Dynamic to sell 145b, the step 91b on the push rod 9 will be unable to driving drive shaft 14, and push rod 9 will against drive in side branch at this time Dynamic pin 145b with control cam 103 lift sliding mode upward or downward, with the rotation of camshaft 1, when tappet 7 returns to control When the base circle portion of cam 103 processed, the lift of tappet 7 and push rod 9 is zero at this time, and the two is located at extreme lower position, at this time push rod 9 On the position step 91b just at the position lower than the drive pin 145b in drive shaft 14, in the drive shaft of solenoid valve 17 Under thrust, the step 91b on push rod 9 is pulled to below the drive pin 145b in the drive shaft 14, as shown in figure 11, with The rotation of camshaft 1, when controlling cam 103 and pushing tappet 7 and the rising of push rod 9 again, the step 91b on push rod 9 will be pushed away Drive pin 145b in dynamic drive shaft 14, and drive shaft 14 is rotated, the actuating arm 142 of 14 other end of drive shaft pulls on exhaust Control pull rod 203 on Rocker arm assembly 2, makes exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 overcome the active force of arm dowel pin 4, to brake cam 102 Side is mobile, and when tappet 7 and push rod 9 reach maximum lift, the angle that push rod 9 pushes drive shaft 14 to rotate keeps exhaust rocker arm total It is equal to the spacing between 102 center of 101 center of exhaust cam and brake cam at 2 mobile distances, at this point, exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 position will be located in idler wheel by arm dowel pin 4 by arc groove 202 another on rocking arm inner hole and contact with brake cam 102 Position, simultaneously as exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 valve actuation end tool there are two with rocker arm shaft parallel arrangement adjustment bolt and as Foot 201 when exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is moved to idler wheel and 102 contact position of brake cam, drives the adjustment spiral shell of air valve bridge or valve Bolt and as foot also simultaneously be switched to another, exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 will be opened by the valve timing and lift of engine-braking condition Exhaust valve is opened and closes, engine enters brake working condition.With the rotation of camshaft 1, control cam 103, which is crossed, most to rise higher When journey point is fallen after rise downwards, push rod 9 is fallen after rise downwards under the action of push rod spring 10 with cam lift, due to by arm dowel pin The position of 4 effect, exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 and drive shaft 14 will not change, and as shown in figure 12, tappet 7 and push rod 9 will again The secondary reciprocating motion state in sky.When engine, which needs to exit brake working condition, returns to ignition operation state, solenoid valve 17 power-off, solenoid-driven axis retracts, and under the action of return spring 16, return pin 15 will push push rod 9 to be flapped toward solenoid valve 17 Side is converted to the identical action process of braking operation shape using with aforementioned engine, when tappet 7 is in control cam 103 When base circle portion, return pin 15 pushes push rod 9, and the step 91a on push rod 9 is made to be pulled to the drive pin in the drive shaft 14 Below 145a, as camshaft 1 rotates, the step 91a on push rod 9 will push the drive pin 145a in drive shaft 14, and make to drive Moving axis 14 is rotated to other direction, and the actuating arm 142 of 14 other end of drive shaft will push the control on exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 to draw It is mobile to 101 side of exhaust cam to make exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, and is eventually returned to what idler wheel was contacted with exhaust cam 101 for bar 203 Position, while exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is positioned by arm dowel pin 4, engine returns to ignition operation state, tappet 7 and push rod 9 It will revert again to empty reciprocating motion state.

Figure 13 to Figure 16 describes the structural schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention, in this embodiment, with first Control mechanism unlike embodiment is unique, control mechanism described in control mechanism C2 described in the present embodiment and first embodiment C1 the difference is that: as shown in Figure 13, Figure 14 and Figure 15, push rod 9 in the control mechanism C2 is in I font, such as Figure 15 Shown, 9 lower end of push rod is spherical surface, and respectively there are step a 91a and 91b in top two sides, and separately there is a step at 9 middle part of push rod 92, push rod spring 10 is housed on the control body 13, the push rod spring 10 is laminated structure, and a U-lag is opened in one end, is blocked On the step 92 at 9 middle part of push rod, so that beginning in operation from the transmission chain of control cam 103 to the push rod 9 It is kept in contact, simultaneously as the U-lag of 10 one end of the push rod spring is stuck on the step 92 at 9 middle part of push rod, makes eventually The push rod 9 is not able to rotate, so that the tappet 7 be made no longer to need to be arranged push rod locating slot and guide groove and tappet positioning Pin.Figure 16 describes the structure of drive shaft 14 in the present embodiment, and the push rod side of the drive shaft 14 uses driven side gear formula, 141 push rod one end of mandrel of the drive shaft 14 is machined with axle shaft gear 146, actuating arm 142,143 and of bolt of the other end Positioning pins 144 etc. are identical with embodiment one, and a drive pin 146a is housed on the axle shaft gear 146, separately there is a return Gear 147 and the axle shaft gear 146 are symmetrical centered on the axis of tappet 7, are equipped on the return gear 147 Drive pin 147b, the axle shaft gear 146 and the number of teeth having the same of return gear 147 and modulus, while there are also among one Gear 148 engages simultaneously with the axle shaft gear 146 and the return gear 147, and 9 two sides of push rod are respectively equipped with return Pin 15 and return spring 16 and solenoid valve 17.The course of work of the present embodiment is similar with embodiment one, can refer to embodiment one The course of work and the description of principle understood, the course of work are as follows: at engine in ignition operation state, such as Figure 13 And shown in Figure 14, the push rod 9 pushes 17 side of solenoid valve to by return pin 15, at this time the drive pin on the return gear 147 147b is located at higher position, and the drive pin 146a on the axle shaft gear 146 is in lower position, the platform on the push rod 9 Rank 91b can not drive the drive pin 147b on return gear 147, the return gear 147, intermediate gear 148 and drive shaft 14 It is in stationary state, tappet 7 and push rod 9 are in empty reciprocating motion state.When engine requires transformation into braking operation shape When state, the solenoid valve 17 is powered, and the drive shaft of solenoid valve pushes the push rod 9 to be flapped toward 15 side of return pin, at this time if institute Tappet 7 is stated not in the base circle portion of the control cam 103, push rod 9 will against drive pin 146a with control cam in side 103 lift sliding mode upward or downward, with the rotation of camshaft 1, when controlling cam 103 and returning to base circle position, this Just at the position for being lower than drive pin 146a, the step 91a on push rod 9 will be pulled to drive by step 91a on Shi Suoshu push rod 9 The lower section of dynamic pin 146a, rotates with camshaft 1, and the push rod 9 will push drive pin 146a to rotate drive shaft 14, drive shaft 14 The actuating arm 142 of the other end pulls on the control pull rod 203 on exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, keeps exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 convex to braking It takes turns the movement of 102 directions and is ultimately at the position that idler wheel is contacted with brake cam 102, engine enters brake working condition, together When in 14 rotation process of drive shaft, the axle shaft gear 146 by intermediate gear 148 drive return gear 147, make The return gear 147 is rotated by direction identical with the drive shaft 14, makes the drive pin on the return gear 147 147b symmetrically moves on to lower position.When engine needs to exit engine braking operation state, solenoid valve 17 is powered off, electromagnetism Valve drive shaft retracts, and under the action of return spring 16, the return pin 15 pushes push rod 9 to be flapped toward 17 side of solenoid valve, described Push rod 9 will push return gear 147, the return gear according to the aforementioned similar mode of brake working condition process that is transformed into 147 drive axle shaft gear 146 by intermediate gear 148, rotate the drive shaft 14 to other direction, keep exhaust rocker arm total Return to the position contacted with exhaust cam 101 at 2, engine exits brake working condition and returns to ignition operation state, tappet 7 and Push rod 9 will revert again to empty reciprocating motion state.

Figure 17 to Figure 20 describes the structural schematic diagram of third embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, with first and Control mechanism and exhaust rocker arm assembly unlike second embodiment is unique, control mechanism C3 described in the present embodiment and the One and second embodiment described in control mechanism the difference is that: in control mechanism C3 described in the present embodiment driving exhaust shake The mobile mode of arm assembly 2 uses hydraulic drive mode, and fluid power medium is the lubricating oil of engine, such as Figure 17, Figure 18, Tu19Ji Shown in Figure 20.The push rod 9 is the I font similar with embodiment two, and 9 lower end of push rod is spherical surface, and top two sides respectively have one Separately there is a step 92 at a step 91a and 91b, 9 middle part of push rod, push rod spring 10, return pin 15, return bullet in the present embodiment Spring 16 and solenoid valve 17 use with the identical structure and arrangement mounting means in embodiment two, reference can be made in embodiment two Description.Oil duct, such as Figure 18 there are two symmetrically being set centered on tappet axis on the upper square controller body 13 of the push rod 9 It is shown, a plunger 18a and 18b and damped ring 18c and 18d, damped ring 18c and 18d difference are respectively provided in two oil ducts Certain resistance is generated to plunger 18a and 18b, the size of resistance makes plunger 18a and 18b in profit of the engine with certain pressure It is immovable under lubricating oil effect.Meanwhile hydraulic oil duct is equipped with above the exhaust rocker arm of control body 13, and pass through control body On two at oil duct communicated with oil duct locating for the plunger 18a and 18b, control body 13 on oil duct connection situation see figure Shown in 19.A driving plunger 19 is equipped in the hydraulic oil duct above the exhaust rocker arm of control body 13, it is as shown in Figure 20, described It drives and drive pin 20 is housed below plunger 19, the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is equipped with a driver slot 204, and the drive pin 20 is inserted Enter into the driver slot 204 of the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 can be driven to move left and right, while allowing again Normal swing when exhaust rocker arm works is respectively provided with an oil inlet 21 and single on the hydraulic oil duct of driving 19 two sides of plunger To valve 22, with engine there is the oil leab of certain pressure to be connected to, to supplement the lubricating oil revealed in hydraulic oil road.This implementation The course of work of example is: the working method and second of the tappet 7, push rod 9, push rod spring 10, return pin 15 and solenoid valve 17 It is similar in embodiment, it can refer to the description in embodiment two, when engine is in ignition operation state, in return spring 16 The push rod 9 is flapped toward 17 side of solenoid valve under effect, and the 17 side plunger 18b of solenoid valve is in higher position at this time, described 15 side plunger 18a of return pin is in lower position, and the step 91b on push rod 9 can not drive plunger 18b, controls in body 13 Oil duct in be full of lubricating oil, due to the effect of damped ring 18c and 18d, plunger 18a and 18b are in stationary state, described to push away Bar 9, which is in upper end one side and leans against the side of plunger 18b, does empty reciprocating motion state with control cam 103.When engine needs When entering brake working condition, the solenoid valve 17 is powered, and the drive shaft of solenoid valve pushes push rod 9 to be flapped toward return pin 15 1 Side, at this time if the tappet 7 is not in the base circle portion of the control cam 103, push rod 9 will against column in upper end one side Fill in the side of 18a with the lift sliding mode upward or downward of control cam 103, when controlling cam 103 and returning to base circle position, The push rod 9 is in extreme lower position, at this time position of the step 91a on the push rod 9 just at the lower end surface lower than plunger 18a It sets, push rod top bar 91a is pulled to below plunger 18a, and as shown in figure 21, with the rotation of camshaft 1, the push rod 9 will be pushed away Dynamic plunger 18a uplink, plunger 18a is mobile by driving plunger 19 described in hydraulic-driven in control 13 oil duct of body, the driving Drive pin 20 on plunger 19 drives exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 mobile to 102 direction of brake cam and finally makes exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 in the position that idler wheel is contacted with brake cam 102, and as shown in FIG. 22 and 23, engine enters brake working condition, push rod 9 in empty reciprocating motion state, meanwhile, in driving plunger 19 into 102 direction moving process of brake cam, pass through controller Hydraulic action in 13 oil duct of body move down the position of plunger 18b will symmetrically, when engine needs to exit brake working condition When, the solenoid valve 17 powers off, and solenoid-driven axis retracts, and the return pin 15 makes described push away under the effect of return spring 16 Bar 9 is flapped toward 17 side of solenoid valve, and the push rod 9 will be pushed according to the aforementioned similar mode of brake working condition process that is transformed into Solenoid valve side plunger 18b makes to drive plunger 19 to other direction movement, and the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is made to return to and be vented The position that cam 101 contacts, engine exit brake working condition and return to ignition operation state, and tappet 7 and push rod 9 will again Return to empty reciprocating motion state.

Figure 24 describes another structure of solenoid valve control mode in the present invention, as shown in figure 24, the push rod 9 it is non-by The solenoid valve 17 directly drives, and by engine there is the lubricating oil of certain pressure to drive, the former solenoid valve on control body Position is equipped with brake pin aperture, and brake pin aperture is provided with banking pin 171, and the brake pin aperture is equipped with oil inlet, and and engine Oil leab 172 with certain pressure is connected, and the solenoid valve 17 is arranged on oil leab 172, can control lubrication Oil duct is switched on and off, and the diameter of the banking pin 171 ensures that banking pin 171 can be made under the pressure of engine lubricating oil The push rod 9 is pushed to be flapped toward 15 side of return pin, the push rod 9 can be V font push rod or I font in previous embodiment Push rod, when engine needs to enter brake working condition, the energization of solenoid valve 17 connects oil leab 172, the system Dynamic pin 171 pushes the push rod 9 to be flapped toward 15 side of return pin under lubricating oil pressure, follow-up work process as hereinbefore, when When engine needs to exit brake working condition, solenoid valve 17 closes oil leab, and releases lubricating oil in oil duct, in return Spring 16 acts on lower return pin 15 and pushes push rod 9 that engine is made to return to ignition operation state.The structure can make a solenoid valve 17 control the control device of multiple cylinders simultaneously, reduce solenoid valve quantity, keep cost lower, suitable to all embodiments above-mentioned With.

Figure 25 a, Figure 25 b, Figure 25 c describe another structure of exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 in the present invention, such as Figure 25 a, figure Shown in 25b, Figure 25 c, the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is radial type exhaust rocker arm, and the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 divides to be shaken for valve side Arm 2a and wheels side rocker arm 2b two parts, the valve side rocker arm 2a are a plate-like structure, and valve actuation end is equipped with one Adjustment bolt and as foot 201, centre is machined with rocker shaft hole, and rocker shaft hole top is equipped with positioning pin 205, the valve side rocker arm 2a is machined with driving plane a 2a1, the valve side rocker arm 2a on rocker arm shaft 3 and by fixed on the cantilever arm of wheels side Position pin 205 fixes it in axial position.The wheels side rocker arm 2b is equipped with idler wheel, is machined with drive in rocker body above idler wheel Dynamic plane 2b1, is bonded, rocker arm shaft mounting hole is divided into U-shaped structure, U-shaped structure with the driving plane 2a1 on valve side rocker arm Centre be sky, two side portions are machined with rocker shaft hole, and close to control mechanism drive shaft side rocker arm shaft mounting hole Divide and stretch out, an arc-shaped protrusion is equipped with above extension, a circular arc driver slot 204 is machined on it, in the idler wheel Side rocker arm 2b extension rocker shaft hole is equipped with arc groove 202 at two；Its effect is identical with previous embodiment, at described two 202 spacing of arc groove is equal to the spacing between 102 center of 101 center of exhaust cam and brake cam, on the rocker arm shaft 3 Equipped with arm dowel pin 4 and locating pin spring 5, wheels side rocker arm 2b can be respectively positioned at idler wheel and exhaust cam 101 and with The position that brake cam 102 contacts, without control pull rod on the wheels side rocker arm 2b, the actuating arm in drive shaft can directly lead to Slot 204 of overdriving drives wheels side rocker arm 2b mobile, realizes that engine is mutually cut between ignition operation state and on-position It changes, and the position valve side rocker arm 2a is constant.This structure eliminates the control pull rod on rocker arm, and only need an adjustment bolt and as Foot 201, keeps structure simpler, is applicable in all embodiments above-mentioned.

Figure 26 a, Figure 26 b, Figure 26 c describe the third structure of exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 in the present invention, such as Figure 26 a, figure Shown in 26b, Figure 26 c, the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is radial type rocker arm, and the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 divides for valve side rocker arm 2a With wheels side rocker arm 2b two parts, the valve side rocker arm 2a valve actuation end is equipped with an adjustment bolt and as foot 201, rocker arm It is notch among axis hole part, the two side portions of notch are machined with rocker shaft hole, cover on rocker arm shaft 3, the valve side rocker arm 2a has crossbeam connection on one side section top of idler wheel, and below the crossbeam is machined with driving plane 2a1, and the valve side rocker arm 2a is shaking Axial position is fixed on arm axle.The wheels side rocker arm 2b is equipped with idler wheel, is machined with driving plane in rocker body above idler wheel 2b1 is bonded with the driving plane 2a1 on valve side rocker arm, the wheels side rocker arm shake 2b rocker shaft hole be partially installed on it is described In the rocker shaft hole partial notch structure division of valve side rocker arm 2a, and can be in the gap structure part of the valve side rocker arm 2a It sliding axially along rocker arm shaft, slidable distance is equal to the spacing between 102 center of 101 center of exhaust cam and brake cam, Equipped with control pull rod 203 and arm dowel pin 205 and locating pin spring, the control pull rod on the wheels side rocker arm 2b 203 are reached outside valve side rocker arm by the hole on valve side rocker arm 2a, and there are two arc grooves for processing on the rocker arm shaft 302, wheels side rocker arm 2b can be respectively positioned at idler wheel and exhaust cam 101 and the position contacted with brake cam 102.Work as hair When motivation mutually switches between ignition operation state and engine-braking condition, working principle and previous embodiment 1 or real It is identical to apply 2 mode of example, control pull rod 203 will push or pull on wheels side rocker arm 2b make idler wheel contacting with exhaust cam 101 and Mutually switch between being contacted with brake cam 102, and the position valve side rocker arm 2a is constant.This structure makes the moving portion of exhaust rocker arm Separation structure is smaller, and weight is lighter, be conducive to the device work reliability, and only need an adjustment bolt and as foot 201, to preceding All embodiments stated are applicable in.

Claims

1. a kind of engine braking apparatus, including camshaft 1, exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, rocker arm shaft 3, arm dowel pin 4, positioning pin Spring 5 and control mechanism, it is characterized in that: being equipped with exhaust cam 101, brake cam on the camshaft 1 at least one cylinder 102, cam 103 is controlled, there are three peach tips, the brake cam 102 to have with exhaust cam 101 for tool on the brake cam 102 There is identical base circle diameter (BCD), the control cam 103 has a peach tip, the cam lift and braking of the control cam 103 The lift of cam 102 and exhaust cam 101 has the feature that the direction of rotation according to camshaft 1, at control cam 103 During the ascent stage of entire cam, the exhaust cam 101 or brake cam 102 contacted at this time with exhaust rocker arm idler wheel is located In being provided with arm dowel pin 4 and locating pin spring 5 in base circle portion, the rocker arm shaft 3, described 4 one end of arm dowel pin is Spherical structure, the arm dowel pin 4 and locating pin spring 5 are mounted in the pin hole on rocker arm shaft, and the rocker arm positions The sphere end of pin 4 is arranged in the top of camshaft 1 towards pin hole outside, the control mechanism.

2. a kind of engine braking apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the control mechanism include tappet 7, Tappet positioning pin 8, push rod 9, push rod spring 10, spring base 11, guide rod 12, control body 13, drive shaft 14, return pin 15, Return spring 16, solenoid valve 17 are machined with tappet hole and drive shaft hole on the control body 13, and the tappet 7 is mounted on control It in the tappet hole of body 13 processed, and is driven by control cam 103,7 two sides of tappet are provided with push rod locating slot 71, the tappet The guide groove 72 for preventing Tappet Rotation is additionally provided on 7, the drive shaft 14 is mounted in the drive shaft hole of control body, described Two arms are stretched out in fork-shaped in 14 one end of drive shaft, and drive pin a 145a and 145b, the drive shaft 14 are respectively housed on two arms The other end is equipped with actuating arm 142, and the actuating arm 142 is connect with the control pull rod 203 on exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, the push rod 9 Be in the shape of the letter V structure, and lower end is spherical surface, and respectively there are step a 91a and 91b in top Liang Ge branch, and there are an arc beams 92 at middle part, described The control is fixed on equipped with push rod spring 10 and spring base 11 and guide rod 12, described 12 one end of guide rod above push rod 9 On body 13, on guide rod 12, described 10 one end of push rod spring is pressed on the control body 13 push rod spring 10, The other end is pressed in the arc beams 92 at 9 middle part of push rod by the spring base 11, and the two sides of the push rod 9 are respectively equipped with back Position pin 15 and return spring 16 and solenoid valve 17, the return pin 15 and return spring 16 are mounted on the control body 13 It in pin hole, can be slided in pin hole, the active force that the return spring 16 generates return pin 15 makes the return pin 15 always The outer side contacts with the 9 side branch of push rod are kept, the solenoid valve 17 is installed on the control body 13, the solenoid valve 17 drive shaft is right against the outside of 9 other side branch of push rod, and the solenoid valve 17 drive shaft when being powered is stretched out, described The thrust that the drive shaft of solenoid valve 17 generates is greater than the return spring 16 to the active force of the return pin 15.

3. according to a kind of engine braking apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tappet in the control mechanism 7 are mounted in the tappet hole of control body 13, and are driven by control cam 103, and the push rod 9 is in I font, and lower end is spherical surface, Respectively there are step a 91a and 91b in upper end two sides, are equipped with a step in the middle part of the push rod 9, are equipped with and push away on the control body 13 Bar spring 10, the push rod spring 10 are laminated structure, and described 10 one end of push rod spring is opened a U-lag, is stuck in the push rod 9 On the step in portion, described 14 one end of drive shaft is machined with axle shaft gear 146, drives on the axle shaft gear 146 equipped with one 146a is sold, separately has a return gear 147 and the axle shaft gear 146 to be distributed with the axisymmetrical of tappet 7, the return tooth Drive pin 147b, the axle shaft gear 146 and the number of teeth having the same of return gear 147 and modulus are housed, simultaneously on wheel 147 It is engaged simultaneously there are also an intermediate gear 148 with the axle shaft gear 146 and the return gear 147, in 9 two sides of push rod It is respectively equipped with return pin 15 and return spring 16, solenoid valve 17, the thrust that drive shaft generates when the solenoid valve 17 is powered is greater than Active force of the return spring 16 to the return pin 15.

4. a kind of engine braking apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: driving exhaust is shaken in the control mechanism The mobile mode of arm assembly 2 is hydraulic drive, and fluid power medium is the lubricating oil of engine, and the tappet 7 in the control mechanism is pacified It in the tappet hole of control body 13, and is driven by control cam 103, the push rod 9 is I font, and upper end two sides respectively have one A step 91a and 91b is equipped with a step in the middle part of the push rod 9, is equipped with push rod spring 10, the push rod bullet above the push rod 9 Spring 10 is laminated structure, and a U-lag is opened in described 10 one end of push rod spring, is stuck on the step at 9 middle part of push rod, the push rod 9 two sides are respectively equipped with return pin 15 and return spring 16 and solenoid valve 17, with tappet on the upper square controller body 13 of the push rod 9 It is symmetrically set centered on axis there are two oil duct, is respectively provided with plunger 18a and 18b and damped ring 18c in two oil ducts And 18d, damped ring 18c and 18d generate certain resistance to plunger 18a and 18b respectively, the size of resistance makes plunger 18a and 18b It is immovable under the lubricating oil effect that engine has certain pressure, liquid is equipped with above the exhaust rocker arm of the control body 13 Pressure oil road, and communicated by oil duct at two on control body with oil duct locating for the plunger 18a and 18b, the controller Hydraulic oil duct above the exhaust rocker arm of body 13 is provided with driving plunger 19, and drive pin 20 is housed below the driving plunger 19, The drive pin 20 is inserted into the driver slot 204 of the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, the hydraulic oil duct of driving 19 two sides of plunger On be respectively provided with an oil inlet 21 and check valve 22, with engine have certain pressure oil leab be connected to.

5. a kind of engine braking apparatus one of according to claim 2,3 and 4, it is characterized in that: the control body 13 Equipped with brake pin aperture, brake pin aperture is provided with banking pin 171, and the brake pin aperture is equipped with oil inlet, and has with engine The oil leab 172 of certain pressure is connected, and the solenoid valve 17 is arranged on oil leab 172, and controls oil leab It is switched on and off, the diameter of the banking pin 171 ensures banking pin 171 can be made to push away under the pressure of engine lubricating oil Bar 9 is flapped toward 15 side of return pin, and the solenoid valve 17 controls the oil leab of the control mechanism of at least one cylinder.

6. a kind of engine braking apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the valve of the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 Drive end tool there are two the adjustment bolt being arranged in parallel with rocker arm shaft 3 and as foot 201, the spacing of two adjustment bolts is equal to exhaust Spacing between 102 center of 101 center of cam and brake cam, the rocker arm shaft mounting hole of the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 are equipped with Two arc grooves 202, between the spacing of two arc grooves 202 is equal between 102 center of 101 center of exhaust cam and brake cam Away from equipped with a control pull rod 203 on the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2, described 203 one end of control pull rod is fixed on described by nut On exhaust rocker arm, the other end is in a U-shaped groove structure, and the control pull rod 203 can pull or push exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 in rocker arm It is moved on axis 3.

7. a kind of engine braking apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is hinged Formula structure, institute's exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 divides is for valve side rocker arm 2a and wheels side rocker arm 2b two parts, the valve side rocker arm 2a One plate-like structure, valve actuation end are equipped with an adjustment bolt and as foots 201, and centre is machined with rocker shaft hole, rocker arm shaft Hole top is equipped with positioning pin 205, and the valve side rocker arm 2a is machined with a driving plane 2a1, institute on the cantilever arm of wheels side Valve side rocker arm 2a is stated on the rocker arm shaft 3 and is fixed in axial position, the wheels side rocker arm 2b is equipped with idler wheel, on idler wheel It is machined with driving plane 2b1 in square rocker body, is bonded with the driving plane 2a1 on valve side rocker arm 2a, rocker arm shaft mounting hole Part is U-shaped structure, and the centre of U-shaped structure is sky, and two side portions are machined with rocker shaft hole, and drive close to control mechanism Axis side rocker arm shaft mounting hole part is stretched out, and an arc-shaped protrusion is equipped with above extension, is machined with a circular arc on it Driver slot 204, the wheels side rocker arm 2b extension rocker shaft hole are equipped with arc groove 202 at two, arc groove at described two 202 spacing are equal to the spacing between 102 center of 101 center of exhaust cam and brake cam, and rocker arm is housed on the rocker arm shaft 3 Wheels side rocker arm 2b can be respectively positioned at idler wheel and exhaust cam 101 and and brake cam by positioning pin 4 and locating pin spring 5 The position of 102 contacts.

8. a kind of engine braking apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 is hinged Formula structure, the exhaust rocker arm assembly 2 divide for valve side rocker arm 2a and wheels side rocker arm 2b two parts, the valve side rocker arm 2a Valve actuation end is equipped with an adjustment bolt and as foot 201, and rocker shaft hole part centre is notch, and the two side portions of notch are processed There is rocker shaft hole, cover on rocker arm shaft 3, the valve side rocker arm 2a has a crossbeam connection on one side section top of idler wheel, under crossbeam Side is machined with driving plane 2a1, and valve side rocker arm 2a axial position on rocker arm shaft is fixed, on the wheels side rocker arm 2b Equipped with idler wheel, driving plane 2b1 is machined with above idler wheel in rocker body, is bonded with the driving plane 2a1 on valve side rocker arm 2a, The wheels side rocker arm shakes the rocker shaft hole partial notch structural portion that 2b rocker shaft hole is partially installed on the valve side rocker arm 2a It in point, and can slide axially in the gap structure part of the valve side rocker arm 2a along rocker arm shaft, slidable distance is equal to row Spacing between 102 center of 101 center of gas cam and brake cam, equipped with control 203 He of pull rod on the wheels side rocker arm 2b Arm dowel pin 205 and locating pin spring, the control pull rod 203 reach valve side by the hole on valve side rocker arm 2a and shake Outside arm, on the rocker arm shaft processing there are two arc groove 302, at two 302 spacing of arc groove be equal to 101 center of exhaust cam with Spacing between 102 center of brake cam, wheels side rocker arm 2b can be respectively positioned at idler wheel and exhaust cam 101 and with braking The position that cam 102 contacts.