CN109112398A - A kind of chrome-bearing alloy bar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of chrome-bearing alloy bar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109112398A CN109112398A CN201810998633.4A CN201810998633A CN109112398A CN 109112398 A CN109112398 A CN 109112398A CN 201810998633 A CN201810998633 A CN 201810998633A CN 109112398 A CN109112398 A CN 109112398A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of chrome-bearing alloy bars and preparation method thereof to obtain the chrome-bearing alloy bar of the N of the Al containing 0.020-0.030wt% and 0.007-0.010wt% by the way that Al and N is added during smelting the trade mark and being 40Cr steel.The present invention is not in the case where changing existing equipment and technique, solve the problems, such as that the low rolling of 40Cr steel is coarseer than the alloy bar material grain size that process occurs by chemical component adjustment, utilize the mating reaction of Al and N, hence it is evident that improve steel grain size size, realize refined crystalline strengthening effect.Grain size can be improved 1.5-2.0 grades than existing 40Cr steel under same rolling condition, compensate for the problem that existing equipment scarce capacity causes grain size size higher, reduce equipment investment, with good economic efficiency and application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology fields, and in particular to a kind of chrome-bearing alloy bar and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Chromium is the important alloying element added in metallurgical process, is the major alloy member of stainless steel acid resisting steel and heat resisting steel
Element.Its harden ability that can increase steel simultaneously plays the role of post-curing, and the hardness and wearability that carbon steel can be improved are without making steel become fragile.
When chromium content is more than 12%, steel can be made to play the role of good high-temperature oxidation resistance and oxidative resistance corrosion, also increase steel
Heat resistance.Chromium can improve the wearability of tool steel, hardness and redhardneas, there is good temper resistance.In electrothermal alloy, chromium
Inoxidizability, resistance and the intensity of alloy can be improved.
40Cr steel are middle carbon quenched and tempered steel, and normalizing can promote tissue nodularization, improve the cutting that hardness is less than 160HBS blank
Performance.It is tempered at 550-570 DEG C of temperature, which has optimal comprehensive mechanical property.The harden ability of the steel is higher than 45 steel,
It is suitable for high-frequency quenching, the Surface hardening treatments such as flame hardening etc..Moderate duty and middle constant speed are born for manufacturing after conditioned
The machine components for spending work, such as the gear on stub axle, rear semiaxis and lathe, axis, worm screw, splined shaft, center sleeve
Deng；Be quenched and average tempering after for manufacture bear high load capacity, the part that impact and medium speed work, as gear, main shaft,
Oil Pump rotor, sliding block, lantern ring etc.；Be quenched and lonneal after for manufacture bear heavy load, it is low impact and have wearability,
Solid thickness is in 25mm part below, such as worm screw, main shaft, axis, lantern ring on section；It is used after conditioned and high-frequency surface hardening
In manufacture with high surface hardness and wearability and without the part of great impact.In addition, this steel is suitable for manufacturing carry out carbon again
The various driving parts of nitrogen permeation processing, are such as relatively large in diameter the gear and axis good with low-temperature flexibility.
The production technology of 40Cr steel specifically includes that the processes such as converter-refining-continuous casting-rolling at present.In production process often
It can roll than small using lesser rolling than carrying out, need to improve rolling temperature, and then lead under rolled crystal grain in bar
It is coarse to spend size, product quality decline.Such as Chengde Jianlong uses 200*200mm2The 40Cr of 100 or more specification of billet rolling Φ
Steel bar, than being only 5.0, finishing temperature is up to 1000 DEG C, leads to coarse grains for rolling.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, producer, which is typically chosen, carries out subsequent processing to gained 40Cr bar, such as
CN104630421A discloses a kind of heating process method for refining 40Cr steel austenite grain.This method uses electric contact heating
Or quickly heating means and austenitic area are classified cooling, isothermal treatment for short time heating process to induction heating etc., can effectively refine Austria
Family name's body crystal grain is to ASTM10-15 grades.But this method increase heat treatment steps, energy consumption is higher, is for control production cost
Unfavorable.
In addition, being transformed to steel rolling equipment, carries out cooling controlling and rolling controlling process, can equally effectively improve the crystal grain of alloy bar material
Degree.But the rolling temperature of general extreme trace time will realize that zerolling needs that equipment is comprehensively transformed at 900-950 DEG C,
Cost requirement is very high, and operability is not strong.Therefore, a kind of inexpensive alloy for solving the low rolling of 40Cr steel and occurring than process is developed
The method of the coarse problem of bar grain size size becomes iron and steel enterprise's problem urgently to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is of the invention to provide a kind of chrome-bearing alloy bar and preparation method thereof in view of problems of the prior art,
It solves the problems, such as that the low rolling of 40Cr steel is coarseer than the alloy bar material grain size that process occurs using chemical component adjustment, has good
Good economic benefit and application prospect.
To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of chrome-bearing alloy bar, and based on mass percentage, the chrome-bearing alloy bar
Including following components: C:0.37-0.44%, Si:0.17-0.37%, Mn:0.50-0.80%, Cr:0.80-1.10%, Al:
0.020-0.030%, N:0.007-0.010%, Mo≤0.10%, Cu≤0.02%, Ni≤0.30%, surplus Fe.
Nitrogen is strong austenite former, austenite can be promoted to be formed in ferrite, due to the appearance of γ phase,
Grain coarsening tendency can be reduced.Nitride formability is significantly greater than carbide, can be significantly reduced to during cryogenic temperature condensation
Divide segregation index.Aluminium can play the role of refining crystal grain, fixing the nitrogen in steel in steel, forms aluminium nitride with nitrogen, tiny
Aluminium nitride grain boundary precipitate crystal boundary will be hindered mobile, using tiny precipitate as nucleation mass point, hinder grain size to grow up, reach
To the effect of refined crystalline strengthening.
The present invention is by the way that Al and N is added into 40Cr steel, and controlling aluminium content in steel is 0.020-0.030%, and nitrogen content is
0.0070-0.010%, and aluminium nitrogen ratio is strictly limited, the effect cooperateed with using the two, amplitude peak realizes refined crystalline strengthening effect
Fruit improves steel grain size size, has obtained the good chrome-bearing alloy bar of grain size.
According to the present invention, within the scope of said components, mass ratio >=2.5 of Al and N in the chrome-bearing alloy bar, for
For the present invention, when the mass ratio of Al and N >=2.5, Al and N realize strongest mating reaction, can greatly improve alloy
Grain size, as the mass ratio < 2.5 of the two, crystal grain strengthening effect weakens, and grain size improves insufficient, it is difficult to meet low rolling ratio
Requirement.
According to the present invention, based on mass percentage, Al 0.020-0.030%, example are contained in the chrome-bearing alloy bar
Such as can be 0.020%, 0.021%, 0.022%, 0.023%, 0.024%, 0.025%, 0.026%, 0.027%,
0.028%, the specific point value between 0.029% or 0.030% and above-mentioned numerical value, as space is limited and for concise consideration,
The present invention no longer exclusive list.
For the present invention, when Al content is too low in above-mentioned chrome-bearing alloy bar, the grain size improvement of alloy is limited,
It is difficult to meet the requirement of low rolling ratio；When Al content is excessively high, molten steel flow is decreased obviously, alloy grain roughening, mechanical property
Energy and wearability also accordingly decline.
According to the present invention, based on mass percentage, N 0.007-0.010%, example are contained in the chrome-bearing alloy bar
It such as can be 0.007%, 0.0075%, 0.008%, 0.0085%, 0.009%, 0.0095% or 0.010% and above-mentioned
Specific point value between numerical value, as space is limited and for concise consideration, the present invention no longer exclusive list.
For the present invention, when N content is too low in above-mentioned chrome-bearing alloy bar, it is difficult to and Al forms cooperation, alloy
Grain size equally improve it is limited；When N content is excessively high, the plasticity of steel, especially toughness are significantly reduced, deteriorated weldability,
Cold brittleness aggravation.
Second aspect, the present invention provide a kind of preparation method of chrome-bearing alloy bar as described in relation to the first aspect, the side
Method are as follows: Al and N is added during smelting the trade mark and being 40Cr steel, obtains the Al and 0.007- containing 0.020-0.030wt%
The chrome-bearing alloy bar of the N of 0.010wt%.
According to the present invention, the concrete operations of method described above are as follows: smelting the converter steelmaking process that the trade mark is 40Cr steel
Middle addition aluminum-containing raw material, the Al containing 0.030-0.040wt% in alloy at the end of control converter；Increase during LF refining
Nitrogen controls the Al of the N containing 0.007-0.010wt% and 0.020-0.030% in alloy when refining terminal.
The smelting procedure of chrome-bearing alloy bar of the present invention are as follows: converter smelting, the refining of LF furnace, continuous casting and rolling.
According to the present invention, the alloy that the aluminum-containing raw material can be aluminium block or aluminium and other elements are formed, the present invention is to this
Without particular determination.
According to the present invention, the operation of the nitrogen pick-up are as follows: LF smelting feeds MnN line before terminating.
The preparation method of chrome-bearing alloy bar of the present invention can be with as a preferred technical solution, are as follows: is in the trade mark
Aluminum-containing raw material is added in the converter steelmaking process of 40Cr steel, contains 0.030-0.040wt%'s in alloy at the end of control converter
Al；LF smelting terminate before feed the nitrogen pick-up of MnN line, control refining terminal when alloy in the N containing 0.007-0.010wt% and
The Al of 0.020-0.030% obtains the chrome-bearing alloy bar after continuous casting and rolling.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that
(1) present invention controls between 0.020-0.030% by the way that aluminium and nitrogen are added into 40Cr steel, and by aluminium content,
Control of Nitrogen Content, using the mating reaction of above two element, improves steel grain size size between 0.0070-0.010%,
Realize refined crystalline strengthening effect.
(2) present invention solves 40Cr steel using chemical component adjustment in the case where not changing existing equipment and technique
Low to roll the problem coarseer than the alloy bar material grain size that process occurs, grain size is than existing 40Cr steel under same rolling condition
It can be improved 1.5-2.0 grades, compensate for the problem that existing equipment scarce capacity causes grain size size higher, reduce equipment investment,
With good economic efficiency and application prospect.
Specific embodiment
Of the invention for ease of understanding, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art are it will be clearly understood that the implementation
Example is only to aid in the understanding present invention, should not be regarded as a specific limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment prepares chrome-bearing alloy bar in accordance with the following methods:
Composition Control (mass fraction): C:0.37-0.44%, Si:0.17-0.37%, Mn:0.50-0.80%, Cr:
0.80-1.10%, Al:0.020-0.030%, N:0.007-0.010%, Mo≤0.10%, Cu≤0.02%, Ni≤
0.30%, surplus Fe.
Above-mentioned each component raw material selection, Composition Control and addition process are identical as the method for 40Cr steel is smelted.
The total charge weight control of converter is at 75 tons, and hot metal ratio >=85%, remaining is high-quality steel scrap.Tap terminal ingredient C:
T:1640 DEG C of 0.08-0.15%, P≤0.016%, tapping temperature；150kg aluminium block, 500kg lime, 240kg is added in tapping process
Refining slag, tapping process are added manganese-silicon, Antaciron, high carbon ferro-chrome and carry out alloying after furnace, and tapping process uses slide plate
Pushing off the slag technology reduces converter slag.Converter Mn target value leaving from station: 0.60%；Al:0.030-0.040%.
Lime 100-300kg, magnesium ball 0-30kg, fluorite is added in LF refining one-time electrode conduction time >=10 minute, material
Particle 0-50kg, aluminum shot 20-40kg, silicon carbide 20-40kg once mend aluminium according to refining cycle.Second electrode conduction time >=
10 minutes, lime 0-100kg, silicon carbide 20-40kg was added in material.Silicon carbide 30-50kg is added in remaining time material, and LF smelts
1.9m/t feeds MnN line before terminating, and nitrogen pick-up 40PPM increases manganese 0.05%.Total refining time >=the 38min of LF, the white slag retention time >=
15min.Silicon-calcium wire 40-60m/ furnace is fed after refining carries out Calcium treatment, LF target value leaving from station: Al:0.020-0.030%,
N:0.007-0.010%.
Pulling speed of continuous casting 1.35m/min, middle 20-30 DEG C of the packet degree of superheat, M-EMS: 300A/3Hz, end electromagnetism
Stirring: 50A/10Hz.Big water-coating port and long nozzle are protected using argon gas, and tundish reduces the secondary oxygen of molten steel using integral water gap
Change.Crystallizer protecting residue uses F02 mould flux, and casting process Mold face is steadily controllable.
Continuous casting billet is transported to heating furnace by feeding system, and heating furnace is stepping heat accumulating type, uses blast furnace gas for fuel, heat
Dress 40Cr steel preheating section temperature: 900-980 DEG C, bringing-up section temperature: 1160-1210 DEG C, soaking section temperature: 1170-1200 DEG C, add
The hot time: 90-150min, start rolling temperature: 1060 ± 10 DEG C.Steel billet after heating removes phosphorus ligands billet surface oxygen by high pressure water
Change iron sheet, enters rolling unit through roller-way, milling train uses Da Nieli short stress path rolling mill, 6 frame horizontally and vertically alternatives distribution, through 6 roads
Secondary to be rolled into Φ 100mm specification, finishing temperature is at 1000-1020 DEG C.
The chrome-bearing alloy bar main component being prepared by the above method: C:0.40%, Si:0.25%, Mn:
0.70%, Al:0.025%, Cr:0.95%, N:0.008%, grain size are 7.5-8.0 grades.
Embodiment 2
Compared with Example 1, the additive amount of aluminium block in converter steelmaking process is controlled, the additive amount of nitrogen during LF refining,
Make Al content 0.020% in the chrome-bearing alloy bar being finally prepared, N content 0.007%, other processes and condition control
It makes identical with embodiment 1.
The results show that the grain size for the bar that the present embodiment obtains is 7.5-8.0 grades.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 1, the additive amount of aluminium block in converter steelmaking process is controlled, the additive amount of nitrogen during LF refining,
Make Al content 0.030% in the chrome-bearing alloy bar being finally prepared, N content 0.090%, other processes and condition control
It makes identical with embodiment 1.
The results show that the grain size for the bar that the present embodiment obtains is 7.5-8.0 grades.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 1, the additive amount of aluminium block in converter steelmaking process is controlled, the additive amount of nitrogen during LF refining,
Make Al content 0.022% in the chrome-bearing alloy bar being finally prepared, N content 0.010%, i.e. Al/N=2.2, other
Process and condition control are identical with embodiment 1.
The results show that the grain size for the bar that the present embodiment obtains is 7.0-7.5 grades.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 1, Al and N are added without in smelting process, other processes and condition control and the complete phase of embodiment 1
Together, i.e., 40Cr steel bar is directly prepared.
The results show that the 40Cr steel bar grain size that the present embodiment obtains is 5.0-6.0 grades.
Comparative example 2
Compared with Example 1, the additive amount for controlling aluminium block in converter steelmaking process, makes the chrome-bearing alloy being finally prepared
Al content is 0.010% in bar, i.e. aluminium content is insufficient, and other processes and condition control are identical with embodiment 1.
The results show that the grain size for the bar that the present embodiment obtains is 5.5-6.5 grades.
Comparative example 3
Compared with Example 1, the additive amount for controlling aluminium block in converter steelmaking process, makes the chrome-bearing alloy being finally prepared
Al content is 0.050% in bar, i.e. aluminium content is excessive, and other processes and condition control are identical with embodiment 1.
The results show that the grain size for the bar that the present embodiment obtains is 6.0-6.5 grades, and molten steel flow in smelting process
It is decreased obviously, gained alloy mechanical property is also declined.
Comparative example 4
Compared with Example 1, control LF refining during nitrogen additive amount, make the chrome-bearing alloy bar being finally prepared
Middle N content is 0.003%, i.e. nitrogen content is too low, and other processes and condition control are identical with embodiment 1.
The results show that the grain size for the bar that the present embodiment obtains is 6.5-7 grades.
Comparative example 5
Compared with Example 1, control LF refining during nitrogen additive amount, make the chrome-bearing alloy bar being finally prepared
Middle N content is 0.015%, i.e. nitrogen content is excessively high, and other processes and condition control are identical with embodiment 1.
The results show that the grain size for the bar that the present embodiment obtains is 7.5-8.0 grades, but the plasticity of steel, toughness are obvious
It reduces, machinability is deteriorated, it is difficult to meet the performance requirement to product.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, can be combined in any appropriate way, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of chrome-bearing alloy bar, which is characterized in that based on mass percentage, the chrome-bearing alloy bar includes with the following group
Point: C:0.37-0.44%, Si:0.17-0.37%, Mn:0.50-0.80%, Cr:0.80-1.10%, Al:0.020-
0.030%, N:0.007-0.010%, Mo≤0.10%, Cu≤0.02%, Ni≤0.30%, surplus Fe.
2. chrome-bearing alloy bar as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the quality of Al and N in the chrome-bearing alloy bar
Than >=2.5.
3. the preparation method of chrome-bearing alloy bar as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the method are as follows: smelting
The trade mark is addition Al and N during 40Cr steel, obtains the N of the Al containing 0.020-0.030wt% and 0.007-0.010wt%
Chrome-bearing alloy bar.
4. the preparation method of chrome-bearing alloy bar as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the method are as follows: be in the trade mark
Aluminum-containing raw material is added in the converter steelmaking process of 40Cr steel, contains 0.030-0.040wt%'s in alloy at the end of control converter
Al；Nitrogen pick-up during LF refining, control refining terminal when alloy in N and 0.020- containing 0.007-0.010wt%
0.030% Al.
5. the preparation method of chrome-bearing alloy bar as described in claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the chrome-bearing alloy bar
Smelting procedure are as follows: converter smelting, the refining of LF furnace, continuous casting and rolling.
6. such as the preparation method of the described in any item chrome-bearing alloy bars of claim 3-5, which is characterized in that the behaviour of the nitrogen pick-up
As: feeding MnN line before LF smelting terminates.
7. such as the preparation method of the described in any item chrome-bearing alloy bars of claim 3-6, which is characterized in that the method are as follows:
Aluminum-containing raw material is added in the converter steelmaking process that the trade mark is 40Cr steel, contains 0.030- in alloy at the end of control converter
The Al of 0.040wt%；The nitrogen pick-up of MnN line is fed before LF smelting terminates, contains 0.007- in alloy when control refines terminal
The Al of the N and 0.020-0.030% of 0.010wt% obtain the chrome-bearing alloy bar after continuous casting and rolling.
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| CN113201689A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-03 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for front axle of medium truck and production method thereof |
| CN114032465A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-11 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | 45-steel hot-rolled round steel bar special for numerical control machine tool spindle and preparation method thereof |
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