CN109109462A - Fluid ejection head and liquid discharge apparatus - Google Patents

Fluid ejection head and liquid discharge apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109109462A
CN109109462A CN201810652511.XA CN201810652511A CN109109462A CN 109109462 A CN109109462 A CN 109109462A CN 201810652511 A CN201810652511 A CN 201810652511A CN 109109462 A CN109109462 A CN 109109462A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ejiction opening
pressure chamber
liquid
flow path
fluid ejection
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Granted
Application number
CN201810652511.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109109462B (en
Inventor
中川喜幸
山崎拓郎
山田和弘
中窪亨
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Publication of CN109109462A publication Critical patent/CN109109462A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN109109462B publication Critical patent/CN109109462B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2/14201—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2/1433—Structure of nozzle plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2/14016—Structure of bubble jet print heads
    • B41J2/14032—Structure of the pressure chamber
    • B41J2/1404—Geometrical characteristics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/145—Arrangement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2002/14403—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads including a filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2002/14419—Manifold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/135—Nozzles
    • B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
    • B41J2002/14475—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads characterised by nozzle shapes or number of orifices per chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2202/00—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet or thermal heads
    • B41J2202/01—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads
    • B41J2202/12—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads with ink circulating through the whole print head

Abstract

Fluid ejection head and liquid discharge apparatus.In the circulatory system for making the liquid circulation in ejecting head, it can more reliably inhibit the liquid retrogradation near ejiction opening.Ejiction opening includes the second ejiction opening of the first ejiction opening of the upstream side being arranged on the emission direction of ink and the downstream side being arranged on emission direction.Second ejiction opening includes wide diameter portion, and the diameter of the wide diameter portion is expanded in a manner of radially outer from least part of the opening edge portion of the first ejiction opening.

Description

Fluid ejection head and liquid discharge apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid discharge apparatus and the fluid ejection head that can spray such as black liquid.
Background technique
In print head (fluid ejection head) included by the ink jet printing device as liquid discharge apparatus, ejiction opening is attached The volatile component for including in close Mo Yinmo evaporates and retrogradation from the ejiction opening of liquid ink to be sprayed.Occurring as ink In the case where retrogradation, the black spouting velocity and black emission direction that ink is sprayed from ejiction opening change and the land precision of ink droplet may It is affected.Particularly, in the case where the time out for not spraying ink is long, black viscosity increase is significant and black consolidates Phase constituent adheres near ejiction opening, thus increase ink fluid resistance and may cause ink spray it is bad.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2002-355973 bulletin, which discloses, makes the ink circulation in print head to inhibit with waving in inking The construction of hair property ingredient retrogradation black caused by ejiction opening evaporation.
However, as research as a result, the inventors have discovered that only disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2002-355973 bulletin The construction for recycling ink may be attributed to the change of the concentration of coloured material in ink and with causing face on printed image The non-uniform possibility of color.Particularly, in the case where meeting at least one of the following conditions, that is, meeting ink to be sprayed The feelings that the situation small in size of drop, print head at least one of have a case that more than the case where high temperature and black solid-phase component Under condition, the concentration of the coloured material in ink changes, thus the uneven color being prone on printed image.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides fluid ejection head and liquid discharge apparatus, can suitably inhibit liquid making fluid ejection head Ejiction opening retrogradation nearby in the circulatory system of interior liquid circulation.
In the first aspect of the present invention, fluid ejection head is provided comprising:
Pressure chamber, liquid flows to the pressure chamber by inflow flow path and liquid is by flowing out flow path from the pressure chamber Outflow；
Ejiction opening is connected to the pressure chamber；And
Energy generating element is sprayed, is used to make the liquid in the pressure chamber to spray from the ejiction opening, wherein
The ejiction opening includes the first ejiction opening of the upstream side being arranged on the emission direction of liquid and is arranged in described Second ejiction opening in the downstream side on emission direction, and
Second ejiction opening includes at least part from the opening edge portion of first ejiction opening with radially outward The expanding wide diameter portion of mode.
In the second aspect of the present invention, fluid ejection head is provided comprising:
Ejiction opening sprays liquid by the ejiction opening；
Pressure chamber is connected to the ejiction opening and sprays liquid including being located inside the pressure chamber, for generating The ejection energy generating element of energy；
First flow path, is connected to the pressure chamber and liquid by the first flow path is supplied to the pressure chamber；
Second flow path is connected to the pressure chamber and collects liquid from the pressure chamber by the second flow path, Wherein
The ejiction opening includes the upstream side being arranged on the emission direction of liquid and the first spray for forming liquid meniscus Second ejiction opening in the downstream side on the emission direction is exported and is arranged in, and
The opening diameter of second ejiction opening is bigger than the opening diameter of first ejiction opening.
In the third aspect of the present invention, liquid discharge apparatus is provided comprising:
Fluid ejection head according to the first aspect of the invention；
Liquid supplies flow path, is used to supply liquid to the fluid ejection head；
Liquid collects flow path, is used to collect liquid from the fluid ejection head；And
Control unit is used to control the ejection energy generating element of the fluid ejection head.
According to the present invention, in the circulatory system for making the liquid circulation in fluid ejection head, by the structure for determining ejiction opening It makes, can suitably inhibit the retrogradation of the liquid near ejiction opening.It is the feelings for spraying the print head of liquid ink in fluid ejection head Under condition, the retrogradation of the ink near ejiction opening is able to suppress to print the image of high-quality.
From to the explanation of illustrative embodiments, other feature of the invention be will be apparent referring to the drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure 1A and Figure 1B is to show the schematic configuration figure that can apply printing device of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the figure for showing the ink feeding system in the printing device of Figure 1A；
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 C are the construction for showing the major part of the print head in first embodiment of the invention Figure；
Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C are the figure for showing the ink stream near the ejection port portion of the print head of Fig. 3 A；
Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 C and Fig. 5 D are the figures for showing the ink stream in different print heads near each ejiction opening；
Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B and Fig. 6 C are to show the ink stream in each print head and the volatile component in ink from ejiction opening evaporation Evaporation capacity figure；
Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B are the figure for showing the print head of the ejiction opening including form A；
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B are the figure for showing the print head of the ejiction opening including form B；
Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B are the figure for showing the print head of the ejiction opening including form A；
Figure 10 A and Figure 10 B are that the volatile component shown in ink is averaged from what the ejiction opening in different print heads evaporated The figure for changing over time situation of evaporation rate；
Figure 11 A, Figure 11 B and Figure 11 C are that the volatile component shown in ink is evaporated from the ejiction opening of form A and form B The figure of evaporation rate distribution；
Figure 12 A, Figure 12 B, Figure 12 C and Figure 12 D are the figures for showing enrichment stage black in form A and the ejiction opening of form A；
Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B are the figure for showing another embodiment of ejiction opening；
Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B are the figure for showing the another embodiment of ejiction opening；And
Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B are the figure for showing a further embodiment of ejiction opening.
Specific embodiment
Liquid discharge apparatus and fluid ejection head in the following embodiments is ink jet printing device and can spray liquid The Application Example of the inkjet print head of body ink.
(construction of printing device)
Figure 1A is the master for showing the essential structure for being applicable in ink jet printing device of the invention (liquid discharge apparatus) 100 Want the schematic perspective view of part.The exemplary printing device 100 is so-called full width system (full line system) Printing device, the printing device 100 include along conveying direction (arrow A) conveying print media W supply unit 101 and can Spray the inkjet print head (fluid ejection head) 10 of black (liquid).The exemplary supply unit 101 is by using conveyer belt 101A To convey print media W.Print head 10 is to intersect (being in the case of this example orthogonal) with the conveying direction of print media W Line (page width type) print head for upwardly extending of side, and have and can be sprayed along what the width direction of print media W configured Multiple ejiction openings out of ink.For print head 10, ink is supplied from unshowned ink tank by the ink donor unit for including black flow path.It is logical It crosses and ink is sprayed from the ejiction opening of print head 10 based on print data (spraying data) during print media W is continuously conveyed, Image is printed upon on print media W.Print media W is not limited to cut thin slice, is also possible to long coiled thin slice.
Figure 1B is the exemplary block diagram of construction for showing the control system of printing device 100.CPU (control unit) 102 The control to operation, the data processing of printing device 100 etc. is executed to handle.In ROM103, stores and used including this processing The step of program.RAM104 is used as the operating area for executing this processing.Print head 10 is including multiple ejiction openings and respectively Multiple black flow paths that ejiction opening is connected to and multiple ejection energy generating elements for each black flow arrangement.Ejiction opening, black flow path Black multiple nozzles can be sprayed with spraying energy generating element and being formed.These nozzles play the role of type element.For spray Such as electrothermal conversioning element (heater) and piezoelectric element can be used in energy generating element out.Using electrothermal conversioning element In the case where, so that the ink in black flow path is blistered by the heating of electrothermal conversioning element, and generated blistering energy is used to incite somebody to action Ink is sprayed from ejiction opening.Spray ink from print head 10: CPU102 is based on the figure from inputs such as host equipments 105 Energy generating element is sprayed as data drive via head driver 10A.CPU102 drives conveying single via motor driver 101B Conveying motor 101C in member 101.
(construction of ink feeding system)
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the ink feeding system for that will be inked to print head 10 in present embodiment.Pass through ink supply stream Ink in ink tank 201 is supplied to print head 10 by road (liquid supply flow path) 202.The a part being supplied in the ink of print head 10 It is sprayed from ejiction opening 11, flow path (liquid collection flow path) 204 is collected by ink, other ink are collected by ink tank 201.By using packet Include the negative pressure adjustment device 203 in ink supply flow path 202 and include ink collect flow path 204 in constant flow pump 205, in ink tank The ink pressure in ejiction opening 11 is adjusted in the case where generating black recycle stream between 201 and print head 10.Generate the constant current of black recycle stream Amount pump 205 and negative pressure adjustment device 203 can be integrally provided with print head 10, or can be via supply pipe etc. and printing The mode of first 10 connection is installed to the outside of print head 10.Optionally, the MEMS element as such as micropump, can be by constant current Amount pump 205 and negative pressure adjustment device 203 are integrated into type element substrate.As by described in later, the present invention can be suitable for Fluid ejection head and liquid discharge apparatus with following form: the pressure for being provided with energy generating element is supplied liquid to Power room R, and the ink not sprayed from ejiction opening is made to flow to outside inside pressure chamber R.The construction of Fig. 2 is one for generating ink stream Example, but can also apply other constructions.For example, the present invention can also be applied to by replacing the constant flow pump 205 in Fig. 2 Micro-actuator is set in print head 10 come the case where formation with inking stream.
(construction of print head)
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 C are the figures of the part near the ejiction opening 11 shown in print head 10.Fig. 3 A is print head Plan view when the slave ejiction opening 11 of 10 major part is observed, Fig. 3 B are the sectional views intercepted from the line IIIB-IIIB of Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 C is the perspective view in the section of the major part of print head 10.
In the exemplary print head 10, it is formed with ejiction opening 11, flow path 13 and as the electricity for spraying energy generating element Thermal conversion element (heater) 14.In flow path 13, ink is supplied to the other end from one end of flow path 13.Flow path 13 one end with In region between the other end, it is formed with pressure chamber R and the ejiction opening being connected to pressure chamber R 11.Flow path 13 includes being set to pressure The first flow path of the power room upstream side R and the second flow path for being set to the pressure chamber downstream side R.Pressure chamber is supplied to by first flow path The ink of R is collected into the outside of pressure chamber R by second flow path.In ejiction opening 11, as black meniscus (meniscus) As a result, forming interface 12 between ink and atmosphere.By making the ink in pressure chamber R since the heating of heater 14 is blistered and is led to It crosses using generated blistering energy, ink can be made to spray from ejiction opening 11.Energy generating element is sprayed to be not limited only to heat Device 14, but the various energy generating elements of such as piezoelectric element can be used for example.
The inflow flow path 15 upwardly extended in the device substrate 18 of print head 10 in the side intersected with flow path 13 and outflow Flow path 16 is formed through-hole.It flows into flow path 15 to be connected to the ink supply flow path 202 of Fig. 2, the ink of outflow flow path 16 and Fig. 2, which are collected, to flow Road 204 is connected to.Therefore, in print head 10, as shown in the arrow in Fig. 3 B, ink is made to cycle through ink supply flow path 202, flow into stream Road 15, the one end of flow path 13, ejiction opening 11, the another side of flow path 13, outflow flow path 16 and ink collect flow path, and (liquid is received Collect flow path) 204.It in the case of this example, can be by driving heater 14 to make in the state of flowing in flow path 13 in ink Ink is sprayed from ejiction opening 11.The flow velocity of black recycle stream in flow path 13 is the flow velocity of such as about 0.1mm/s to 100mm/s.I.e. Ink is carried out in the state of making to flow in flow path 13 in ink and sprays operation, for example, its influence to ink drop precision is also small.Pressure Power room R allows the ink stream of such flow velocity, to form the meniscus of ink in ejiction opening 11.
Heater 14 is formed in the device substrate 18 made of silicon (Si).In orifice plate 19 formed ejiction opening 11 be connected to Ejection port portion 17 between ejiction opening 11 and flow path 13.Ejiction opening 11 is formed at the surface (ejiction opening forming face) of orifice plate 19 Opening, ejection port portion 17 is the interconnecting part for the tubular being connected between ejiction opening 11 and flow path 13.
(relationship of the size (P, W and H) in print head)
As shown in Figure 3B, flow path 13 on black flow direction relative to the interconnecting part between flow path 13 and ejection port portion 17 The height of upstream side (left side in Fig. 3 B) be marked as H, length of the ejection port portion 17 on black emission direction is marked as P.In addition, width of the ejection port portion 17 on the black flow direction in flow path 13 is marked as W.In this example, height H is 3 μ M to 30 μm, length P is 3 μm to 30 μm, and width W is 6 μm to 30 μm.Ink ready for use is adjusted to so that non-volatile solvents Concentration be 30%, the concentration of coloured material is 3% and viscosity is 0.002Pas to 0.003Pas.
Fig. 4 A is ejiction opening 11, ejection port portion in the case that the black recycle stream shown in print head 10 is in stable state 17 and flow path 13 in ink stream figure.The length of vector shown in Fig. 4 A not the amount of representation speed and with all velocity amplitudes all It is unrelated.In Figure 4 A, about the print head 10 that height H is 14 μm, length P is 5 μm and width W is 12.4 μm, shown with arrow Out with 1.26 × 10-4The speed of ml/min flows into the ink stream of flow path 13 from the stream of flow path 15 is flowed into.
In this example, as black volatile component from the result that ejiction opening 11 evaporates, ink in coloured material it is dense The case where degree is changed is considered as to inhibit such ink to be trapped in ejiction opening 11 and ejection port portion 17.In order to realize this One target makes a part of black recycle stream in flow path 13 enter the inside of ejection port portion 17 as shown in Figure 4 A.Then, it is spraying After ink inside oral area 17 reaches interface 12 nearby, ink returns to flow path 13 from ejection port portion 17.Back to the ink of flow path 13 By flowing out flow path 16, flow path 204 then is collected to recycle by ink shown in Figure 2.Similarly, one of black recycle stream Inside and arrival into ejection port portion 17 is divided to be formed in the position of the black meniscus (interface 12) of ejiction opening 11 nearby, however Back to flow path 13.It is attributed to the movement, is not only easy to inside the ejection port portion 17 by the Influence of Evaporation of black volatile component It ink and particularly can be prevented from being trapped in inside ejection port portion 17 by this ink evaporated near the interface 12 that significantly affects And flow path 13 can be flowed out to.
The ink stream of at least center portion (center portion of ejiction opening 11) near interface 12 has stream as shown in Figure 4 A On black flow direction (in Figure 4 A from left side to right side) in road 13 velocity component (hereinafter, referred to as " positive speed at Point ").In the following description, as shown in Figure 4 A, the ink with positive velocity component at the center portion near interface 12 flows Mode is represented as " flow pattern A ".In addition, in the comparative example as shown in Fig. 5 B and Fig. 5 D described in later, on boundary The mode of the ink stream with " negative velocity ingredient " opposite with positive velocity component at center portion near face 12 is represented as " flow pattern B ".
As the present inventor's research as a result, the print head of discovery flow pattern A meets following relational expression (1).Such as It is upper described, the ink that the print head of flow pattern A can prevent the concentration of coloured material from changing by the evaporation of black volatile component It is trapped in ejiction opening 11, and such ink can be made to flow out to flow path 13.Specifically, the print head of flow pattern A meets Following relational expression (1) for height H, length P shown in Fig. 3 B and width W:
H-0.34×P-0.66× W > 1.7 (1)
Relational expression is represented as decision content J on the left of (1).It was found that the print head of the flow pattern A in Fig. 4 A meets Relational expression (1), however the print head of flow pattern B is unsatisfactory for relational expression (1).
Fig. 4 B is the figure for showing the relationship between the print head of flow pattern A and the print head of flow pattern B.In Fig. 4 B Horizontal axis indicates the ratio (P/H) of length P and height H, and the longitudinal axis in Fig. 4 B indicates the ratio (W/P) of width W and length P.Show in Fig. 4 B Line L out indicates the threshold line for meeting following relational expression (2).
It was found that the relationship of H, P and W fall in the print head in top (the diagonal line hatches region in Fig. 4 B) range of threshold line L In flow pattern A, and the relationship of H, P and W fall in the print head in the lower ranges of threshold line L and are in flow pattern B.More Body, the print head for meeting following relational expression (3) will be in flow pattern A.
It arranges relational expression (3), meeting derived relation expression formula (1), therefore, the relationship of H, P and W meet relational expression (1) print head (print head that decision content J is 1.7 or more) will be in flow pattern A.
Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 C and Fig. 5 D are that the ink shown in different print heads near various types of ejiction openings 11 follows The figure of circulation.Fig. 4 C is shown for the flowing including these multiple print heads shown in Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B, Fig. 5 C and Fig. 5 D The figure of the judgement result of mode.Point label (●) in figure indicates that print head is judged as in flow pattern A, and the x in figure Label (×) indicates that print head is judged as in flow pattern B.
Printing grease head highness H in Fig. 5 A is 3 μm, length P is 9 μm, width W is 12 μm, and on the left of relational expression (1) Decision content J be 1.93, this be greater than 1.7.As the result for confirming the flowing of actual recycle stream in the print head, it was found that figure Flow pattern A shown in 5A.The judgement result of the print head corresponds to the point PA in Fig. 4 C.Printing grease head highness H in Fig. 5 B For 8 μm, length P be 9 μm, width W is 12 μm, and decision content J is 1.39, this is less than 1.7.It is real in the print head as confirming The result of the flowing of the recycle stream on border, it was found that flow pattern B shown in Fig. 5 B.The judgement result of the print head corresponds to figure Point PB in 4C.Printing grease head highness H in Fig. 5 C is 6 μm, length P is 6 μm, width W is 12 μm, and decision content J is 2.0, This is greater than 1.7.As the result for confirming the flowing of actual recycle stream in the print head, it was found that flow mould shown in Fig. 5 C Formula A.The judgement result of the print head corresponds to the point PC in Fig. 4 C.Printing grease head highness H in Fig. 5 D is 6 μm, length P is 6 μm, Width W is 6 μm, and decision content J is 1.0, this is less than 1.7.As the flowing of actual recycle stream in the confirmation print head As a result, it was found that flow pattern B shown in Fig. 5 D.The judgement result of the print head corresponds to the point PD in Fig. 4 C.
In such manner, it is possible to which the boundary convection based on threshold line L shown in Fig. 4 B moves the print head and flow pattern B of Mode A Print head classify.Specifically, print head of the decision content J greater than 1.7 belongs to flow pattern A in relational expression (1), and And such print head has positive velocity component for the ink stream of at least middle section at interface 12.
Ejection port portion belong to flow pattern A or flow pattern B ink stream mainly by P, W and H relation above shadow It rings.Compared with influencing caused by the relationship as P, W and H, such as ink other than condition relevant to the relationship of P, W and H is followed The flow velocity of circulation, the viscosity of ink, width on the direction for being orthogonal to width W of flow direction and ejiction opening 11 of recycle stream etc. Other conditions generate influence be minimum.Therefore, can according to the specification of required print head and printing device and Their use environment condition suitably sets the flow velocity of black recycle stream and the viscosity of ink.For example, can be by the ink in flow path 13 The flow rate set of recycle stream is 0.1mm/s to 100mm/s, and the viscosity of ink can be set as 10cP or less.In addition, in ink Volatile component in increased situation, can suitably increase from the evaporation capacity that ejiction opening evaporates because of change of use environment etc. The flow of black recycle stream is so that black stream belongs to flow pattern A.About the print head of flow pattern B, even if the flow of black recycle stream Increase as much as possible, mode will not change into flow pattern A.In other words, whether print head belongs to flow pattern A or flowing mould Formula B is not determined by conditions such as the viscosity of the flow velocity of ink and ink, mainly by item relevant to the relationship of H, P and W Part determines.In addition, among the print head of flow pattern A, in particular, it is preferred that height H is 20 μm or less, length P is 20 μm or less and width W are 30 μm of print heads below, this is because such print head can print finer image.
(relationship between black evaporation rate and recycle stream)
Fig. 6 A is the figure of enrichment stage black in the print head for show flow pattern B (J=1.3), and Fig. 6 B is to show flowing The figure of black enrichment stage in the print head of Mode A (J=2.3).In the print head of flow pattern B, as shown in Figure 6A, Mo Xun Circulation is not easy to enter ejection port portion 17 and the concentrated area S of ink concentration is big.And in the print head of flow pattern A, such as scheme Shown in 6B, black recycle stream easily enters ejection port portion 17.However, as in Fig. 6 B, near the opening edge portion of ejiction opening 11, I.e. especially in ejection port portion 17 downstream side of black flow direction position, have the concentrated area S's for generating that ink is easy to be detained Possibility.In the case where generating such concentrated area S, black retrogradation near the opening edge portion of ejiction opening 11, particularly, In the case where the solid ingredient of ink high (for example, in situation of 8wt% or more), it may worry that ink is not easy normally to spray.
As described above, in the print head of flow pattern A, black recycle stream reach interface 12 nearby and have positive speed at Point.Therefore, the ink inside ejection port portion 17 or particularly near interface 12 ink can by flow path 13 ink easily take Generation, and the ink being trapped in inside ejection port portion 17 can be reduced.Therefore, it can reduce black volatile component to steam from ejiction opening 11 The influence of hair, the increased influence of concentration that coloured material in ink inside ejection port portion 17 can be mitigated.However, such as Fig. 6 B Shown, even if there is black recycle stream inside ejection port portion 17, there is also occurring, the black opening edge portion for being trapped in ejiction opening 11 is attached A possibility that close.The reason of generating the phenomenon is, due to the viscosity of ink, is not easy to produce near the opening edge portion of ejiction opening 11 Raw ink recycle stream, and evaporation capacity of the black volatile component at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening 11 is excessively high, so that ink tends to The retrogradation near the opening edge portion of ejiction opening 11.In figure 6 c, on the basis of the center of horizontal axis expression hypothesis ejiction opening 11 Position when point in 11 width direction of ejiction opening, and the longitudinal axis indicates the evaporation rate in corresponding position ink volatile component.Such as Shown in Fig. 6 C, the evaporation rate of the opening edge portion of ejiction opening 11 is high.As by described in later, this is because with spraying The ink of the center portion of outlet 11 is compared, and the ink of the opening edge portion from ejiction opening 11 tends to spread.In this way, ejiction opening 11 Opening edge portion at black volatile component evaporation capacity it is high and be not likely to produce black recycle stream, therefore, ejiction opening 11 is opened Ink near mouth edge part tends to be concentrated.
In the present embodiment, such steaming of the black volatile component at the opening edge portion in order to inhibit ejiction opening 11 Hair amount is also new to be provided with the ejection that black meniscus is formed with stable state other than ejiction opening 11 and ejection port portion 17 Mouth and ejection port portion.Hereinafter, the former ejiction opening 11 and ejection port portion 17 are referred to as the first ejiction opening and the first ejiction opening Portion, and the ejiction opening of the latter and ejection port portion are referred to as the second ejiction opening and the second ejection port portion.
In this example, about the first ejiction opening 11 and the first ejection port portion 17 being formed with as shown in figures 7 a and 7b The second ejiction opening 21,23 and the second ejiction opening as shown in Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B and Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B is respectively set in print head Portion 22,24.The column 20 of filter is constituted it should be noted that being formed between device substrate 18 and orifice plate 19.Fig. 8 A and The opening diameter of the second ejiction opening 21 in Fig. 8 B is greater than the opening diameter of the first ejiction opening 11, and the second ejiction opening 21 with The second ejection port portion 22 being connected between first ejiction opening 11 extends in a straight fashion along black emission direction.Show in Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B The diameter of the second ejiction opening 23 out is greater than the diameter of the first ejiction opening 11, and in the second ejiction opening 23 and the first ejiction opening 11 Between the second ejection port portion 24 for being connected to include radially outward inclining along from the direction of first the 11 to the second ejiction opening of ejiction opening 23 Oblique inclined surface.The inclined surface of exemplary second ejection port portion 24 is along bending line (for example, catenary (catenary Curve concave surface)).These second ejiction openings 21,23 and ejection port portion 22,24 are formed at the second of 19 top of orifice plate Orifice plate 25.Hereinafter, the form of ejiction opening shown in Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B, Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B and Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B respectively by Referred to as form A, form B and form A.
The second ejiction opening 21,23 in this example has section circle shape identical with the first ejiction opening 11, and it Central axis it is consistent with the central axis of the first ejiction opening 11.Therefore, these second ejiction openings 21,23 include from the first spray The opening edge portion of outlet 11 widened wide diameter portion in a manner of radially outward.Wide diameter portion is located at the opening of the first ejiction opening 11 The complete cycle of edge part.Such wide diameter portion is not necessarily located to the complete cycle of the opening edge portion of the first ejiction opening 11, but can be with Radially outwardly expand from least part of the opening edge portion of ejiction opening 11.As noted previously, as ink tends to be trapped in The downstream side of black flow direction inside ejection port portion 17, it may be preferred that wide diameter portion is located at least in the downstream of flow direction Side.In addition, the shape of the first ejiction opening and the second ejiction opening is not limited to circle shown in Fig. 9 A, but can be for example oval Shape.In addition, as described in later by 5A and Figure 15 B referring to Fig.1, their shape be can be including from the outside of ejiction opening The ejection mouth-shaped for multiple protrusions that edge extends towards the center of ejiction opening.
(print head of flow pattern B)
Figure 10 A is to show black volatile component to evaporate from the ejiction opening in the print head of flow pattern B (J=1.3) Average evaporation rate changes over time the figure of situation, and is to show the form of the ejiction opening in print head to be set respectively The comparison of the case where for form A, form B shown in Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B, Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B and Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B and form A As a result figure.The evaporation capacity of the black volatile component of form A, form B and form A is successively reduced in stage in the early stage. Such result is caused by the black diffusion of the opening edge portion of ejiction opening.Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B be shown respectively Fig. 7 A and The figure of form A shown in 7B and Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B and the black diffusion in the ejiction opening of form A.For these forms A And the ejiction opening of form A, the degree one of the diffusion of the ink at each section other than the opening edge portion of ejiction opening It causes.And for each of these ejiction openings of form A and form A, the ink at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening inclines Tend to the big of diffusion than being located at the ink at the part other than the opening edge portion of ejiction opening to the atmosphere zone in diffusion Gas region is big.Therefore, in form A and each ejiction opening of form A, the black ratio at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening is located at The ink at part other than the opening edge portion of ejiction opening is easier to spread.
In the case where comparative pattern A and the ejiction opening of form A, form A has the second ejiction opening 23 and the second ejiction opening Portion 24, thus, the atmosphere zone that the ink at the opening edge portion of the ejiction opening of form A tends to diffusion reduces and inhibits The diffusion of such ink.Figure 11 C is the evaporation speed for showing the volatile component of ink and evaporating from form A and the ejiction opening of form A The figure of the distribution of degree.In form A, the evaporation capacity of the volatile component of the ink at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening is pressed down System.In this way, the ink volatilization due to the presence of the second ejiction opening 23 and the second ejection port portion 24, at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening The evaporation capacity of property ingredient is suppressed.
Incidentally, it passs with the time, black volatile component is evaporated from the ejiction opening of form A, form B and form A Difference between evaporation capacity becomes smaller.The reason is that since print head is in flow pattern B, so ink inside ejection port portion 17, Ink especially near interface 12 is not easy to be replaced by black recycle stream.Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B are the ejections for showing form A and form A The figure of enrichment stage black in the print head of flow pattern B in mouthful.In each form A and form A, the interface of ejiction opening is not solved The concentration of neighbouring ink, thus, as shown in Figure 11 C, it is assumed that the steaming of the black volatile component at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening Difference in hair amount is not likely to produce.
(print head of flow pattern A)
Figure 10 B is the average evaporation rate for showing ink and evaporating from the ejiction opening in the print head of flow pattern A (J=2.3) Change over time the figure of situation, and be to show the form of the ejiction opening in print head to be each set to Fig. 7 A and figure The figure of form A, form B shown in 7B, Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B and Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B and comparison result the case where form A. Although the case where evaporation capacity difference of form A, form B and the black volatile component of form A is with above-mentioned Figure 10 A in the stage in the early stage It is similar, but difference and time passage independently remain greatly.The reason is that when print head is in flow pattern A, ejiction opening The ink near ink, particularly interface 12 in portion 17 tends to be replaced by black recycle stream, thus, form A, form B and form A The evaporation capacity difference of the volatile component of ink at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening is tended to become obvious.Figure 12 C and Figure 12 D is The figure of enrichment stage black in the print head of flow pattern A in form A and the ejiction opening of form A is shown.Flow pattern A is not considered Print head, in the case where form A, as indicated in fig. 12 c, at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening occur ink concentration.And In the case where form A, as indicated in fig. 12d, the concentration of ink is inhibited at the opening edge portion of ejiction opening.Therefore, even if The retrogradation caused by the concentration by the ink of the opening edge portion of ejiction opening is less subject in the case where influence, particularly in ink Gu also can be realized normal ejection in the case where ingredient height (for example, 8% or more).
The form of second ejiction opening is not limited only to the form B and shape that Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B and Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B are shown respectively Formula C, but can in the form shown in such as Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B, Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B and Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B Enough obtain identical effect.The diameter of the second ejiction opening 26 shown in Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B is bigger than the diameter of the first ejiction opening 11, And the second ejection port portion 27 has following shapes: in the state that the inner surface of the second ejection port portion 27 is advanced along straight line, For second ejection port portion 27 closer to the first ejiction opening 11, the internal diameter of the second ejection port portion 27 is smaller.It is shown in Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B The second ejiction opening 28 diameter it is bigger than the diameter of the first ejiction opening 11, and the second ejection port portion 29 have following shapes: In the state that the inner surface of second ejection port portion 29 shows convex curve, the second ejection port portion 29 closer to the first ejiction opening 11, The internal diameter of second ejection port portion 29 is smaller.Particularly, the second ejiction opening 28 and the second ejection port portion 29 in Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B In terms of the volatile component of inhibition ink is from ejiction opening evaporation effectively.The diameter of the second ejiction opening 30 shown in Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B Diameter than the first ejiction opening 11 is big, and the second ejection port portion 31 has following shapes: in the interior table of the second ejection port portion 31 In the state that face is advanced along concave curve, the second ejection port portion 31 closer to the first ejiction opening 11, the second ejection port portion 31 it is interior Diameter is smaller.For in the case where replacing the ejiction opening of modification shape (variant shape) of round shown in Figure 15 A Opening diameter, consider modification shape maximum open diameter.Specifically, the first ejiction opening 11 in Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B In situation, consider part other than two protrusions opening diameter and the second ejiction opening 30 therein opening diameter it Between relationship.The first ejiction opening 11 in Figure 15 A and Figure 15 B is provided with protrusion 11A facing with each other, through this structure Identical effect can be obtained.
As described in each embodiment of above, it is preferred that fluid ejection head includes being arranged in from ejiction opening First ejiction opening of the upstream side on the emission direction of the liquid of ejection and the second ejiction opening for being arranged in downstream side, and the The opening diameter of two ejiction openings is greater than the diameter of the first ejiction opening.In addition, being connected between the first ejiction opening and the second ejiction opening Ejection port portion (the second ejection port portion) in, positioned at the second ejiction opening side opening diameter should preferably more than be located at first spray The opening diameter of outlet side.
(other embodiment)
It includes the upstream side being arranged on liquid emission direction that the present invention, which can have the fluid ejection head for liquid circulation, With first ejiction opening in downstream side and the construction of the second ejiction opening, wherein the second ejiction opening includes diameter opening from the first ejiction opening At least part of mouth edge part widened wide diameter portion in a manner of radially outer.Between the first ejiction opening and the second ejiction opening Second ejection port portion of connection may include and the desirably step degree of stage portion such as the stage portion in Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B It is small.First ejiction opening can be located at the position for forming meniscus.In addition, three or more ejiction openings may be constructed such that and be located off The position of liquid emission direction.The construction of such first ejiction opening and the second ejiction opening allows to inhibit liquid near ejiction opening Retrogradation.Furthermore, it is possible to which the relationship between specified altitude H, length P and width W to be to be set as A for liquid flowing mode, thus more It is reliably suppressed liquid retrogradation near ejiction opening.
The present invention can be widely used in the fluid ejection head and liquid discharge apparatus for spraying various liquid.For example, It can be applied to printer, duplicator, the facsimile machine including communication system, such as word processor including print unit to set Standby and such as 3D printer the Industrial Printing equipment combined with various processing equipments for multifunctional usage.In addition, this Invention can be used for the purpose of biochip manufacture and electronic circuit printing.
Although illustrating the present invention referring to illustrative embodiments, but it is to be understood that it is public that the present invention is not limited to institutes The illustrative embodiments opened.The range of claims should meet broadest explanation, with comprising all such modifications, etc. Same structure and function.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of fluid ejection head comprising:
Pressure chamber, liquid flows to the pressure chamber by inflow flow path and liquid is flowed by outflow flow path from the pressure chamber Out；
Ejiction opening is connected to the pressure chamber；And
Energy generating element is sprayed, is used to make the liquid in the pressure chamber to spray from the ejiction opening,
It is characterized in that,
The ejiction opening includes the first ejiction opening of the upstream side being arranged on the emission direction of liquid and is arranged in the ejection Second ejiction opening in the downstream side on direction, and
Second ejiction opening includes at least part from the opening edge portion of first ejiction opening with radially outer side The expanding wide diameter portion of formula.
2. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein
In second ejiction opening, the wide diameter portion is located at the liquid in the pressure chamber from the inflow flow path to the stream The downstream side of the flow direction of flow path out.
3. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein
The wide diameter portion is located at the complete cycle of the opening edge portion of second ejiction opening.
4. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein
The second ejection port portion being connected between first ejiction opening and second ejiction opening includes stage portion.
5. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein
The second ejection port portion being connected between first ejiction opening and second ejiction opening includes inclined surface, the inclination Face is radially outwardly tilted with going from first ejiction opening towards second ejiction opening.
6. fluid ejection head according to claim 5, wherein the inclined surface is the flexure plane along concave curve.
7. fluid ejection head according to claim 5, wherein the inclined surface is the flexure plane along convex curve.
8. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein first ejiction opening is set to the liquid in the pressure chamber The position of the formation meniscus of body.
9. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein
In the first ejiction opening that the height for flowing into flow path is H, is connected between first ejiction opening and the pressure chamber Portion is the liquid of P and first ejiction opening in the pressure chamber from the inflow in the length on the emission direction In the case that width of the flow path on the flow direction of the outflow flow path is W, height H, length P and width W meet with ShiShimonoseki System:
H-0.34×P-0.66× W > 1.7.
10. fluid ejection head according to claim 9, wherein the height H is 20 μm hereinafter, the length P is 20 μm Hereinafter, and the width W is 30 μm or less.
11. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber allow liquid flow have from 0.1mm/s to Flow velocity within the scope of 100mm/s.
12. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein liquid the consolidating with 8wt% or more in the pressure chamber Ingredient.
13. fluid ejection head according to claim 1, wherein
The inside for spraying energy generating element and the pressure chamber being set, and
By the inflow flow path be supplied to the liquid of the pressure chamber by the outflow flow path the pressure chamber with it is described It is recycled between the outside of pressure chamber.
14. a kind of fluid ejection head comprising:
Ejiction opening sprays liquid by the ejiction opening；
Pressure chamber is connected to the ejiction opening and sprays liquid including being located inside the pressure chamber, for generating The ejection energy generating element of energy；
First flow path, is connected to the pressure chamber and liquid by the first flow path is supplied to the pressure chamber；With
Second flow path is connected to the pressure chamber and collects liquid from the pressure chamber by the second flow path,
It is characterized in that,
The ejiction opening includes the upstream side being arranged on the emission direction of liquid and the first ejiction opening for forming liquid meniscus And it is arranged in second ejiction opening in the downstream side on the emission direction, and
The opening diameter of second ejiction opening is bigger than the opening diameter of first ejiction opening.
15. fluid ejection head according to claim 14, wherein
In the state that liquid flows to the second flow path via the pressure chamber from the first flow path, in the pressure chamber Liquid forms meniscus at the position of first ejiction opening.
16. fluid ejection head according to claim 14, further includes:
First ejection port portion is connected between the pressure chamber and first ejiction opening；And
Second ejection port portion is connected between first ejiction opening and second ejiction opening,
Wherein, second ejection port portion has in second ejiction opening side than the opening diameter in first ejiction opening side Big opening diameter.
17. fluid ejection head according to claim 14, wherein
By the first flow path be supplied to the liquid of the pressure chamber by the second flow path the pressure chamber with it is described It is recycled between the outside of pressure chamber.
18. a kind of liquid discharge apparatus comprising:
Fluid ejection head according to claim 1；
Liquid supplies flow path, is used to supply liquid to the fluid ejection head；
Liquid collects flow path, is used to collect liquid from the fluid ejection head；And
Control unit is used to control the ejection energy generating element of the fluid ejection head.
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