CN1091082C - Additive for impervious cement - Google Patents

Additive for impervious cement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1091082C
CN1091082C CN99124152A CN99124152A CN1091082C CN 1091082 C CN1091082 C CN 1091082C CN 99124152 A CN99124152 A CN 99124152A CN 99124152 A CN99124152 A CN 99124152A CN 1091082 C CN1091082 C CN 1091082C
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China
Prior art keywords
additive
content
water
impervious cement
flyash
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN99124152A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1297859A (en
Inventor
施无我
李行健
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Individual
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Priority to CN99124152A priority Critical patent/CN1091082C/en
Publication of CN1297859A publication Critical patent/CN1297859A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
    • C04B2103/302—Water reducers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00275—Materials impermeable to vapours or gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an additive for impervious cement, which is composed of 30 to 50 wt% of active silicon dioxide, 40 to 60 wt% of fly ash or quartzite silicon micropowder or limestone powder and 7 to 11 wt% of polycyclic aromatic sulfonate as a water reducing agent. The additive adopts a skillful proportioning combination and sufficiently considers the complementary action of the characteristics of the compounded materials, so that the additive has excellent quality which can not be obtained by single substances. In addition, under the condition of according with corresponding performance, the additive adopts industrial waste materials, industrial waste slag and raw materials with low cost. Thereby, the method has the advantages that the waste materials are changed into valuable materials, the environment is optimized, the materials can exert functions to a maximum extent, and the cost of the raw materials is lowered to a maximum extent. Therefore, the method is beneficial to humans.

Description

A kind of additive for impervious cement
The present invention relates to a kind of cement or concrete admixture of being used for, particularly a kind of mixing in mortar or the micro-aggregate concrete makes it to have high permeability resistant, and can improve the inorganic rigid admixture of indexs such as hydrated cementitious stone density, weather resistance and corrosion stability.
At present, the existing many kinds of admixture that are used for cement, concrete anti-leakage in the world.For example the someone is developed into a kind of organosilicon particulate, mixes the characteristic that mortar or concrete have water-swellable, dry shrinkage, has waterproof effect preferably.For another example: the mortar waterproof agent that Hunchun, Jilin east Long Fangshuicailiaochang produces, this water-resisting agent are be main raw material with masterbatch natural plant fat (lipid acid), add to cooperate according to a certain percentage to dissolve behind other properties-correcting agent and the chemical admixture to process.In addition, have a kind of surplus potassium permanganate, yellow soda ash etc. 20 kind of chemical materials and exotic material formulated efficient inorganic waterproof moisture proof agent (liquid), when cooperate stirring with cement after, solidify 30 seconds-50 seconds in water, 1 minute just can be dead water blocking, 24 hours can be stiff, and waterproof moisture-proof effect is obvious.But this inorganic waterproof moisture proof agent has certain erosion action to mortar or steel bars in concrete, and the introducing of potassium metal, sodium will strengthen mortar or concrete alkali-aggregate reaction, causes the reduction of inherent strength.
The admixture that utilizes high reactivity crystallite silicon oxide to make as female agent since its have anti-leakage, improve concrete intensity, nontoxic characteristic such as corrosion-resistant, at present, more and more be subjected to people's generally attention.But,, limited the sustainable development of this technology to a certain extent because this high reactivity crystallite silicon oxide costing an arm and a leg in the industry manufacturing makes market be difficult to accept.Therefore can develop and a kind ofly can reduce material cost significantly, anti-leakage performance that can continue again to keep higher and the admixture that improves cement or characteristics such as concrete intensity, environmentally safe are long-term one to come people actively seeking all the time.
The objective of the invention is to overcome existing defective in the prior art, a kind of admixture that is used for cement or concrete impervious leakage is provided.This admixture that is used for cement or concrete impervious leakage can either reduce material cost significantly, can continue to keep the high permeability resistant energy again, and can improve the inorganic rigid admixture of indexs such as hydrated cementitious stone density, weather resistance and corrosion stability.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme.
The present invention is made by following component, and its content is weight percentage:
Active silica 30-50%
Flyash or quartzose silicon powder or limestone powder 40-60%
Water reducer 7-11%
Preparing preferred content ratio range of the present invention is:
Active silica 35-45%
Flyash or quartzose silicon powder or limestone powder 45-55%
Water reducer 7.5-10%
Preparing optimum content proportioning of the present invention is:
Active silica 40%
Flyash or quartzose silicon powder or limestone powder 52%
Water reducer 8%
The active silica that the invention described above is pointed is commonly called as " white carbon black ", is actually the silicate ion that the silicic acid sol evaporation obtains, and look white, and fineness＜50um, loose volume weight are 200-300kg/m 3, SiO 2Content＞93% is with Ca (HO) 2Complete reaction, and complete hydrolysis.
In actual applications, active silica (white carbon black) rapidly hydrolysis and with hydrated cementitious in the calcium hydroxide effect of being separated out, generate hydrated calcium silicate, hydrated calcium silicate is combined into intensive slaked lime with the aquation resultant of cement own again.
In addition, owing to be subjected to the influence of factors such as degree of uniformity of quantity, speed and the stirring of the calcium hydroxide of being separated out in the size, hydrated cementitious of the water yield, reaction compartment, therefore a part of admixture is not necessarily participated in reaction in early days in aquation, but can fill left capillary channel behind space in mortar, the concrete and the moisture drying.Under the situation of having ready conditions, it is the same with unhydrated cement granules, proceeds the physical chemistry of silicate reaction.Slaked lime its degree of compactness under the passing of time is constantly increased, improve mortar or concrete ultimate compression strength, folding strength and impervious ability significantly.
In component of the present invention, except above-mentioned active silica (white carbon black), also used flyash or quartzose silicon powder or limestone powder as the main filler in the component of the present invention.
The pointed flyash of the present invention is the fine dust end of collecting from the flue gas that power plant's combusting coal fines boiler is discharged, and it is spherical that its particle is glass more, smooth surface, and look ash or muddy ash, its relative density is 1.95-2.43, loose volume weight 516-1073kg/m 3Main component is silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, belongs to the activate micro powder of volcano grey matter.
The flyash that the present invention is selected, its physical and chemical index is:
Fineness 0.045mm square hole sieve, screen over-size are≤15%
Water demand ratio≤102%
Loss on ignition≤6%
Water content≤0.5%
Sulfur trioxide content≤3%
Flyash activity is to represent with the pozzolanic activity index, depends primarily on the factor such as chemical ingredients, glassy phase content, fineness, particle shape of flyash.
The flyash characteristics are pozzolanic reactions at normal temperatures, therefore it develops very slow with combining of hydrated cementitious product, so, but will be improved especially to indexs such as impervious intensity than long-age to slaked lime intensity not obvious even decline to some extent in the length of time early with impervious growth.
The pointed quartzose silicon powder of the present invention is neutral mineral filler, and main component is silicon oxide (〉=98%), fineness≤0.076mm (200 order), white does not contain crystal water, stable in properties, can reduce the linear expansivity and the cure shrinkage of cured article, thereby eliminate internal stress, prevent cracking.
The pointed limestone powder of the present invention claims alkaline-resisting powder again, and main component is lime carbonate (calcium oxide composition 〉=50%), and fineness 0.088mm square hole sieve tails over 6-8%.
Because the raw material in above-mentioned three kinds of anti-leakage crystallite admixtures all is to form with high fine-powder configuration, this certainly will be with increasing the mixing water amount, so the application of high efficiency water reducing agent is absolutely necessary.
The pointed water reducer of the present invention is a Ppolynuclear aromatic sulfonate water reducer.Its main component is the aromatic sulphonate formaldehyde condensation products, and physicochemical property is:
Water-reducing rate 〉=20%
Bleeding rate≤100%
Air content≤3.0%
Differ from initial set-60-+90 time of coagulation
Final set-60-+90
90 days shrinkage ratio≤120%
Manufacturing process of the present invention is as follows: the weighing on request of above-mentioned each raw material, send into mixing tank, and material goes out finished product, metering packing after continuously stirring.Product of the present invention can adopt plastics film double-layer seal packing.
By on the product physical property of the present invention of making should be: appearance white, canescence, the uniform meal of floral white, do not have caking;
Its homogeneity is:
Relative moisture content≤5%
Raw material water content≤0.5%
(not comprising crystal water)
Fineness is sieved with aperture 0.32mm, tail over≤2%
Chloride ion content does not have
When the present invention used, its consumption should be 10% of cement consumption.
Because the present invention has adopted proportioning combination cleverly, has taken into full account the characteristic complementary action that disposes each storeroom, has reached the inaccessiable superior quality of simple material.In addition, the present invention is turned waste into wealth meeting the material that has adopted industrial waste waste residue and low price under the prerequisite of respective performances, optimizes the environment, and allows material give play to maximum function, reduces material cost to greatest extent, promotes the well-being of mankind.
After using the present invention, mortar or concrete anti-permeability performance and other indexs are improved, and its physicals is by shown in table 1, the table 2.
Table 1: the physicals of being examined mortar
Project Index
Acceptable end product Salable product
The security of clean slurry Qualified
The clean slurry time of coagulation Initial set (min) ≥45
Final set (h) ≤10
Compressive strength rate (%) 3 days ≥100 ≥95
7 days ≥100 ≥95
28 days ≥90 ≥85
7 days permeable pressure ratios (%) ≥300 ≥200
Water-intake rate was than (%) in 48 hours ≤65 ≤75
28 days shrinkage ratios (%) ≤110 ≤120
7 days impervious hydraulic pressure (Mpa) ≥3.2
Table 2: examined micro-aggregate concrete physicals
Project Index
Acceptable end product Salable product
Time of coagulation poor (min) Initial set -90-120
Final set -120-120
Bleeding rate (%) ≤80 ≤90
Compressive strength rate (%) 3 days ≥110 ≥100
7 days ≥110 ≥100
28 days ≥100 ≥95
7 days permeable pressure ratios (%) ≥200 ≥150
48 hours water demand ratios (%) ≤65 ≤75
28 days shrinkage ratios (%) ≤110 ≤120
Can clearly show that from above-mentioned table 1, table 2 anti-permeability performance of the active silica among the present invention (white carbon black) and other good characteristics do not reduce because of adding other materials.Impervious index S of the present invention＞30 can have been satisfied the impervious requirement of domestic and international special engineering such as cross-river tunnel, subbottom tunnel, subway, flood control dam and reservoir underground works.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further describe the present invention to resisting different component and proportioning and effects of corroding class.
Embodiment 1 anti-fresh water corrosion type
Its component and its content (weight percentage) are:
Active silica (white carbon black) 40%
Fine-ground fly-ash 52%
Ppolynuclear aromatic sulfonate water reducer 8%
Be used for 425 #The silicate cement of above label or do not mix the ordinary Portland cement of calcareous addition of volcano.
The anti-fresh water corrosion type crystallite admixture of being made up of for main raw material flyash and silicon-dioxide (white carbon black) mixes sand-cement slurry or concrete, the ionic reaction that wherein not only has silicic acid sol to participate in, the pozzolanic reaction that has had flyash to participate in again, and found cheap stopping composition, make the degree of compactness of hydrated cementitious stone obtain corresponding increase, the performance index in length each length of time have been had preferably improved.
Embodiment 2 resisting erosion of sulfate types
Its component and its content (weight percentage) are:
Active silica (white carbon black) 35%
Quartzose silicon powder 55%
Ppolynuclear aromatic sulfonate water reducer 10%
With 425 #The sulfate resisting Portland cement of above label is used in combination.
The resisting erosion of sulfate type crystallite admixture of being made up of for main raw material quartzose silicon powder and active silica (white carbon black) mixes in sand-cement slurry or the concrete, the filling effect of existing quartzose silicon powder, the hole and the microfracture of minimizing slaked lime; Because the character of quartzose silicon powder is had no way of doing it sulphate attack, make active silica (white carbon black) and calcium hydroxide effect that the intensity of slaked lime and impermeability are further strengthened on index simultaneously again.
Embodiment 3 alkali resistant corrosion types
Its component and its content (weight percentage) are:
Active silica (white carbon black) 50%
Limestone powder 40%
Ppolynuclear aromatic sulfonate water reducer 10%
Adopt 425 #The silicate cement of above label and ordinary Portland cement.
If in the engineering contraction ratio＞1.1 requirements are arranged, should add UEA swelling agent or other swelling agents, the incorporation of UEA swelling agent is 10% of a cement amount.
The alkali resistant corrosion type crystallite admixture that limestone powder and active silica (white carbon black) are formed for main raw material mixes in sand-cement slurry or the concrete, and limestone micropowder mainly plays filling effect, reduces the hole and the microfracture of slaked lime; Because limestone micropowder and alkaline solution are inoperative, stopped the erosion action of alkaline solution again, active silica (white carbon black) makes the intensity of slaked lime be strengthened on index with impervious with the calcium hydroxide effect simultaneously.
More than three kinds of embodiment results adopt the Pingtan standard sand, prepare 1: 2.5 sand-cement slurry, reach anti-penetration grade S＞3.0Mpa after the even matter; 3 days, 7 days, 28 days and longterm strength and blank sample ratio＞1.
In addition, must use pulverulent material three-dimensional hybrid device in the above-mentioned configuration, the time must can reach the homogeneity requirement greater than 2min.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of additive for impervious cement, its component and content are:
Active silica 30-50%
Flyash or quartzose silicon powder or limestone powder 40-60%
The above-mentioned percentage ratio of water reducer 7-11% is weight percentage,
Above-mentioned active silica is a white, and fineness＜50um, loose volume weight are 200-300kg/m 3, SiO 2Content＞93% is with Ca (HO) 2Complete reaction, and complete hydrolysis;
Above-mentioned water reducer is a Ppolynuclear aromatic sulfonate water reducer, and its main component is the aromatic sulphonate formaldehyde condensation products, water-reducing rate 〉=20%, bleeding rate≤100%, it's time of coagulation tos initial set-60-90min air content≤3.0%, final set-60-90min, 90 days shrinkage ratio 〉=120%.
2, additive for impervious cement according to claim 1, its component and content are:
Active silica 35-45%
Flyash or quartzose silicon powder or limestone powder 45-55%
The above-mentioned percentage ratio of water reducer 7.5-10% is weight percentage.
3, additive for impervious cement according to claim 1, its component and content are:
Active silica 40%
Flyash or quartzose silicon powder or limestone powder 52%
Water reducer 8% above-mentioned percentage ratio is weight percentage.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described additive for impervious cement, it is spherical that wherein said fly ash grain is glass, smooth surface, and look ash or muddy ash, relative density is 1.95-2.43, loose volume weight 516-1073kg/m 3
5, additive for impervious cement according to claim 4, wherein said flyash are fineness 0.045mm square hole sieve, and screen over-size is≤15%, water demand ratio≤102%, loss on ignition≤6%, water content≤0.5%, sulfur trioxide content≤3%.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described additive for impervious cement, wherein said quartzose silicon powder is white neutral mineral filler, and the silicon oxide composition is 〉=98%, and fineness≤0.076mm does not contain crystal water.
7, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described additive for impervious cement, wherein said limestone powder, calcium oxide composition 〉=50%, fineness 0.088mm square hole sieve, screen over-size are 6-8%.
CN99124152A 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Additive for impervious cement Expired - Fee Related CN1091082C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN99124152A CN1091082C (en) 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Additive for impervious cement

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN99124152A CN1091082C (en) 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Additive for impervious cement

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CN1091082C true CN1091082C (en) 2002-09-18

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101717222B (en) * 2009-11-30 2012-10-10 俞锡贤 Crystal infiltration catalytic complexing agent
CN108048059A (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-05-18 成都川锋栲胶有限公司 Oil-well cement agent for anti gassing-out preparation method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1193616A (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-09-23 沈阳建筑工程学院 Method for preparing composite concrete additive by using ultrafine fly ash

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1193616A (en) * 1997-03-18 1998-09-23 沈阳建筑工程学院 Method for preparing composite concrete additive by using ultrafine fly ash

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