CN109103419A - A kind of negative electrode of lithium ion battery mends lithium electrode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of negative electrode of lithium ion battery mends lithium electrode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of negative electrode of lithium ion battery to mend lithium electrode and preparation method thereof, to negative electrode material or pole piece through pre- lithium treated pre- lithium electrode, the surface of the pre- lithium electrode is coated with organic thin film layer, and the organic thin film layer is to be dissolved in organic solvent by electrolyte lithium salt to constitute.Present invention organic coat liquid made of the surface coated electrolyte lithium salts in pre- lithium electrode, organic thin film layer is formed on the surface of pre- lithium electrode, the pre- lithium layer of pre- lithium electrode is prevented to be oxidized, first charge discharge efficiency, cyclical stability and the processing performance of lithium ion battery are promoted, while reducing influence of the production environment to lithium electrode is mended.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, and in particular to a kind of negative electrode of lithium ion battery mends lithium electrode and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technique
In recent years new energy field high speed development, country normally to new energy subsidy standard require it is gradually stringent, common lithium from
Sub- battery energy density promotes speed and gradually slows down, and conventional lithium ion battery preparation process has moved closer to upper energy limit,
It is difficult to meet requirement of the market to new energy battery.The development for mending lithium technology has promotes lithium ion single in the same circumstances
The advantage of battery capacity gradually causes the extensive concern of researcher.
Currently used negative electrode material graphite moves closer to its specific capacity upper limit, and single battery energy density is close in high-pressure solid
Degree etc. is more difficult to there is very big breakthrough, and under using the auxiliary for mending lithium technique, graphite cathode lithium ion single battery capacity
Can 4% ~ 6% or so promotion.
It is in developing negative electrode material silicon substrate at present, due to haveing the shortcomings that volume expansion is high, results in SEI film,
Consume Li+Higher, first charge discharge efficiency is obviously relatively low.Under the auxiliary for mending lithium technique, the capacity of silicon-based anode lithium ion single battery
8% ~ 13% or so can be promoted.
With the pursuit to high-energy density, for lithium ion battery prepared by graphite and silicon based anode material, also all face
Face the demand for promoting cycle life, lithium ion battery is mended lithium technology and is also concerned.After the pre- lithium of electrode, in electrode or surface
Lithium activity it is higher, easily chemically reacted with water and air in conventional environment, pole piece processing performance and security performance are all
It is very poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of negative electrode of lithium ion battery to mend lithium electrode and its preparation side
Method prevents pre- lithium layer to be oxidized, promotes the first charge discharge efficiency of lithium ion battery, follows by coating organic thin film layer on pre- lithium electrode
Ring stability and processing performance, while reducing influence of the production environment to lithium electrode is mended.
The present invention in order to achieve the above object, using following technical scheme:
A kind of negative electrode of lithium ion battery mends lithium electrode, including to negative electrode material or pole piece through pre- lithium treated pre- lithium electrode, institute
The surface for stating pre- lithium electrode is coated with organic thin film layer, and the organic thin film layer is that organic solvent structure is dissolved in by electrolyte lithium salt
At.
It is coated with organic thin film layer on the surface of the pre- lithium layer, the organic thin film layer is dissolved in by electrolyte lithium salt
Organic solvent is constituted.Further scheme, the electrolyte lithium salt is di-oxalate lithium borate, LiBF4, difluoro oxalate lithium, double
At least one of fluorine sulfimide lithium.
Further scheme, the organic solvent are ethyl alcohol, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, acetone
One of or it is a variety of.
Preferably, the organic thin film layer is with a thickness of 1 ~ 20 μm.
It is another object of the present invention to provide the preparation methods that a kind of cathode mends lithium electrode, comprising the following steps:
(1) after the negative electrode material prepared or pole piece being carried out pre- lithium processing, pre- lithium electrode is made;
(2) electrolyte lithium salt is added in organic solvent, with mechanical stirring 4 ~ 8h of paddle stirring, coating liquid is made, spare:
(3) coating liquid is coated uniformly on to the one side of pre- lithium electrode, is dried in vacuo under the conditions of being placed in 45 ~ 120 DEG C, pre- lithium electrode
Another side repeats above-mentioned coating drying process, and cathode is made and mends lithium electrode.
Preferably, the negative electrode active material that the cathode pole piece uses is one of graphite, silicon substrate, tinbase, oxide.
Further scheme, pre- lithium method described in step (1) be direct mixing method, the pre- lithium method of contact, the pre- lithium method of electrochemistry,
One of the pre- lithium method of chemistry, vapour deposition process.
Further scheme, the lithium source that pre- lithium method described in step (1) uses is in pure lithium, passivation of lithium, lithium compound
It is a kind of.
Preferably, the form of the lithium source is powdered, band-like or blocky.
Further scheme, coating method described in step (3) are transfer type or squash type.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) pre- lithium electrode is mainly negative electrode of lithium ion battery removal lithium embedded main structure, and cathode is formed when supplementing first charge-discharge
The source Li consumption in SEI film and cyclic process;
(2) organic thin film layer prevents pre- lithium layer in lithium ion battery preparation process to be oxidized, and in battery charging and discharging mistake
The formation that electrode surface SEI film is participated in journey as negative electrode security performance protective layer, and is dissolvable in water electrolyte as electricity
Solve liquid solute, do not introduce impurity, reduce and mend lithium electrode and influenced by production environment, improve its processing performance, at the same ensure that lithium from
The first charge discharge efficiency and cyclical stability of sub- battery;
(3) presence of organic thin film layer can also improve security performance of the pre- lithium electrode in cell assembling processes, reduce pre- lithium
The inflammable equal danger of bring;In an assembling process, the difficulty of processing of pre- lithium electrode is reduced, it is ensured that pre- lithium electrode is in conventional environment
The subsequent steps such as lower completion lithium ion battery assembling;During circulating battery, being also possible to prevent the unequal factor of pre- lithium causes
Lithium dendrite growth bring cell safety hidden danger, reduce the danger coefficient of pre- lithium electrode, reduce battery difficulty of processing, drop
Danger during low circulating battery.
(4) by the way of by coating liquid coating, the solute and solvent of coating liquid are the organic thin film layer in the present invention
Common used material, it is from a wealth of sources, it has excellent performance, and certain electrochemical reaction can be participated in lithium ion battery cyclic process,
Impurity will not be introduced, on battery design and production without influence.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of benefit lithium electrode of the invention.
Fig. 2 is in the embodiment of the present invention 5 with three kinds of batteries for mending lithium electrode, pre- lithium electrode and not pre- lithium electrode assemble respectively
First charge-discharge curve.
Fig. 3 is in the embodiment of the present invention 5 with three kinds of batteries for mending lithium electrode, pre- lithium electrode and not pre- lithium electrode assemble respectively
Normal temperature circulation curve.
In figure: 1. negative electrode active material layers, 2. pre- lithium layer, 3. organic thin film layers.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and those skilled in the art
Normally understood meaning is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, is not
It is intended to limit the scope of the invention;
Unless otherwise indicated, the various reagents and raw material used in the application are can commodity commercially or can
With the product as made from well known method.
Lithium electrode and preparation method thereof is mended to the cathode in the present invention with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing to make into one
Walk clear and complete explanation.
It should be noted that cathode obtained mends the structure of lithium electrode as shown in Figure 1, including by collecting in following embodiment
The negative electrode tab of fluid and the composition of negative electrode active material layer 1 coated in its surface, is equipped with pre- on the surface of negative electrode active material layer 1
Lithium layer 2 is coated with organic thin film layer 3 on the surface of the pre- lithium layer 2, forms the electrode plates of a multilayered structure.
Embodiment 1
Cathode in the present embodiment mends lithium electrode, and specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) it using the fixed silicon-based anode pole piece prepared of vapor deposition instrument fixture, places it at the top of deposition instrument, use is pure
Lithium lithium band is vapor-deposited under the conditions of 600 DEG C as evaporation lithium source, is filled with Ar gas, takes out pole piece after cooling, is made pre-
Lithium electrode;
(2) 200g di-oxalate lithium borate is added in 600g acetone solvent, using mechanical stirring 6h, coating liquid is made, it is spare;
(3) coated in drying shed using extrusion coating machine, adjust coating thickness, coating liquid is coated to deposited it is pre-
The one side of lithium electrode is dried in vacuo under the conditions of being placed in 80 DEG C, and the another side of pre- lithium electrode repeats above-mentioned coating drying process, is made
Organic thin film layer mends lithium electrode with a thickness of 15 μm of cathode.
Embodiment 2
Cathode in the present embodiment mends lithium electrode, and specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) directly passivation of lithium powder is added in slurry using direct mixing method and is prepared into tin base cathode slurry, coated, pre- lithium is made
Electrode;
(2) 150g difluoro oxalate lithium and the bis- fluorine sulfimide lithiums of 50g are added in 400g diethyl carbonate solvent, use machinery
5h is stirred, coating liquid is made, it is spare;
(3) it is coated in drying shed using extrusion coating machine, adjusts coating thickness, coating liquid is coated to pre- lithium electrode
On one side, it is dried in vacuo under the conditions of being placed in 45 DEG C, the another side of pre- lithium electrode repeats above-mentioned coating drying process, and organic film is made
Layer mends lithium electrode with a thickness of 1 μm of cathode.
Embodiment 3
Cathode in the present embodiment mends lithium electrode, and specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) directly pure lithium lithium band is connected using the pre- lithium method of electrochemistry with the graphite cathode pole piece prepared and is placed on lithium salt solution
In, pre- lithium electrode is made;
(2) 100g LiBF4 and 50g difluoro oxalate lithium are added in 500g ethylene carbonate ester solvent, use mechanical stirring
Coating liquid is made in 6h, spare;
(3) it is coated in drying shed using extrusion coating machine, adjusts coating thickness, coating liquid is coated to pre- lithium electrode
On one side, it is dried in vacuo under the conditions of being placed in 120 DEG C, the another side of pre- lithium electrode repeats above-mentioned coating drying process, is made organic thin
Thicknesses of layers is that 5 μm of cathode mend lithium electrode.
Embodiment 4
Cathode in the present embodiment mends lithium electrode, and specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) oxide cathode material is immersed in butyl lithium, obtains lithiated electrode material after material fully reacting, reuses
Lithiated electrode material is mixed into slurry, is applied as electrode plates, and pre- lithium electrode is made;
(2) 120g di-oxalate lithium borate, the bis- fluorine sulfimide lithiums of 20g and 30g difluoro oxalate lithium are added to 200g carbonic acid diformazan
In ester and 200g alcohol mixed solvent, using mechanical stirring 4h, coating liquid is made, it is spare;
(3) coated in drying shed using transfer coater, adjust coating thickness, coating liquid is coated to deposited it is pre-
The one side of cathode of lithium is dried in vacuo under the conditions of being placed in 100 DEG C, and the another side of pre- lithium electrode repeats above-mentioned coating drying process, system
It obtains organic thin film layer and mends lithium electrode with a thickness of 20 μm of cathode.
Embodiment 5
Cathode in the present embodiment mends lithium electrode, and specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) pure lithium lithium band will directly be rolled using the pre- lithium method of contact and is placed in the silicon-based anode pole piece prepared, pre- lithium is made
Electrode;
(2) 100g di-oxalate lithium borate and the bis- fluorine sulfimide lithiums of 20g are added in 400g alcohol solvent, use mechanical stirring
Coating liquid is made in 8h, spare:
(3) it is coated in drying shed using transfer coater, adjusts coating thickness, coating liquid is coated to pre- lithium electrode
On one side, it is dried in vacuo under the conditions of being placed in 60 DEG C, the another side of pre- lithium electrode repeats above-mentioned coating drying process, and 15 μm of cathode are made
Mend lithium electrode.
By the benefit lithium electrode in embodiment 5 and not pre- two kinds of electrodes of lithium electrode (i.e. silicon-based anode pole piece) are respectively in conventional electricity
Pond assembling environment is assembled, and pre- lithium electrode is carried out battery assembly in drying shed, prepares three groups of different lithium-ion electrics
Then pond carries out battery core baking for 24 hours in an ar atmosphere, take out battery core and carry out electrochemical property test.
Electrochemical property test result is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and wherein Fig. 2 is above-mentioned three groups of batteries first charge-discharge curve graph, electricity
Pond theoretical capacity is 4.17Ah, and the battery charge capacity of pre- lithium electrode assembling is not 4.95Ah, discharge capacity 3.91Ah, for the first time
Efficiency only 78.99%;The battery charge capacity that lithium electrode assembles is mended as 4.78Ah, discharge capacity 4.21Ah, first charge discharge efficiency reaches
87.96%;The battery charge capacity of pre- lithium electrode assembling is 4.79Ah, discharge capacity 4.22Ah, and first charge discharge efficiency reaches 88.10%.
Through the above battery charge capacity data it can be found that in process of intercalation, the battery charge capacity of pre- lithium electrode assembling is low, i.e.,
Excessive lithium can participate in improving inside battery active lithium-ion content in insertion negative electrode active material;Held by the above battery discharge
Amount data will not largely consume active lithium-ion when can be seen that the battery SEI film generation for mending lithium electrode assembling, the Li that can deviate from+More, pre- lithium layer can effectively improve lithium battery first charge-discharge efficiency, and the presence of organic thin film layer will not influence cathode and mend lithium
The capacity of electrode plays.
Fig. 3 is above-mentioned three groups of batteries normal temperature circulation curve, it can be seen that the benefit lithium electricity obtained using preparation process of the present invention
The battery of pole assembling, battery normal-temperature circulating performance effectively improve, and the presence of organic thin film layer will not influence the circulation of battery
Service life improves battery cycle life slightly.
And since the presence of organic thin film layer benefit lithium electrode can carry out subsequent battery pack in common batteries assembly shop
The problem of dress technique, reduces the difficulty of processing of pre- lithium electrode, also decreases safety in pre- lithium electrode assembling process reduces
Factory construction and can capital consumption, can be improved pre- lithium battery safety and production capacity.
According to result above it is found that the present invention coats organic matter film layer on the surface of pre- lithium electrode, it is therefore prevented that lithium ion
Pre- lithium layer is oxidized in battery preparation process, and the formation of electrode surface SEI film is participated in battery charge and discharge process,
While improving its processing performance, the first charge discharge efficiency and cyclical stability of lithium ion battery ensure that.
This hair can be understood and applied the above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate those skilled in the art
It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein
General Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to implementations here
Example, those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of negative electrode of lithium ion battery mends lithium electrode, including to negative electrode material or pole piece through pre- lithium treated pre- lithium electrode,
It is characterized by: the surface of the pre- lithium electrode is coated with organic thin film layer, the organic thin film layer is molten by electrolyte lithium salt
Solution is constituted in organic solvent.
2. cathode as described in claim 1 mends lithium electrode, it is characterised in that: the electrolyte lithium salt be di-oxalate lithium borate,
At least one of LiBF4, difluoro oxalate lithium, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums.
3. cathode as described in claim 1 mends lithium electrode, it is characterised in that: the organic solvent is ethyl alcohol, carbonic acid diformazan
One of ester, diethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, acetone are a variety of.
4. cathode as described in claim 1 mends lithium electrode, it is characterised in that: the organic thin film layer is with a thickness of 1 ~ 20 μm.
5. the preparation method that a kind of cathode as described in claim 1 ~ 4 is any mends lithium electrode, it is characterised in that: including following step
It is rapid:
(1) after the negative electrode material prepared or pole piece being carried out pre- lithium processing, pre- lithium electrode is made;
(2) electrolyte lithium salt is added in organic solvent, with mechanical stirring 4 ~ 8h of paddle stirring, coating liquid is made, spare:
(3) coating liquid is coated uniformly on to the one side of pre- lithium electrode, is dried in vacuo under the conditions of being placed in 45 ~ 120 DEG C, pre- lithium electrode
Another side repeats above-mentioned coating drying process, and cathode is made and mends lithium electrode.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the negative electrode material or the negative electrode active material of pole piece use
Matter is one of graphite, silicon substrate, tinbase, oxide.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: pre- lithium method described in step (1) be direct mixing method,
Contact one of the pre- lithium method of pre- lithium method, electrochemistry, the pre- lithium method of chemistry, vapour deposition process.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the lithium source that pre- lithium method uses described in step (1) for
One of pure lithium, passivation of lithium, lithium compound.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: the form of the lithium source is powdered, band-like or blocky.
10. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: coating method described in step (3) is transfer type or squeezes
Pressure type.
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CN111244458A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Pre-lithiation electrode |
CN111816843A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-23 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Solid-state battery and manufacturing method thereof |
CN114068871A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 天津中能锂业有限公司 | Composite belt with ultrathin lithium layers coated on two surfaces and preparation method thereof |
CN112038577A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-12-04 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Negative electrode pre-lithium electrode and preparation method thereof |
CN113113560A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 昆山宝创新能源科技有限公司 | Pre-lithiation electrode, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery |
CN114023923A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-08 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Negative pole piece, lithium ion battery, and preparation method and application of negative pole piece and lithium ion battery |
CN114023923B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2023-10-13 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | Negative electrode plate, lithium ion battery, and preparation method and application of negative electrode plate and lithium ion battery |
CN115911375A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-04-04 | 江苏正力新能电池技术有限公司 | Negative pole piece and battery |
CN117219776A (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2023-12-12 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Negative electrode plate, preparation method thereof, battery and electricity utilization device |
CN117219776B (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-04-09 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Negative electrode plate, preparation method thereof, battery and electricity utilization device |
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