CN109101693B - Method for calculating rotor multi-physical field based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling - Google Patents

Method for calculating rotor multi-physical field based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling Download PDF

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CN109101693B
CN109101693B CN201810776902.2A CN201810776902A CN109101693B CN 109101693 B CN109101693 B CN 109101693B CN 201810776902 A CN201810776902 A CN 201810776902A CN 109101693 B CN109101693 B CN 109101693B
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turbonator
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calculation
fluid
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CN109101693A (en
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李伟力
苏营
熊斌
靳慧勇
王蒲瑞
刘文茂
李栋
曹君慈
张晓晨
薛易
沈稼丰
徐在德
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Beijing Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for calculating a plurality of physical fields of a rotor based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling. The method comprises the following steps: and constructing a fluid network calculation model considering the rotor rotation universe, and calculating pressure values of the rotor air inlet and the rotor air outlet to serve as boundary conditions. Establishing a three-dimensional fluid and heat transfer analysis model of a temperature field of a nuclear turbine generator rotor and a corresponding temperature field calculation model of the nuclear turbine generator rotor; calculating copper consumption of copper bars, basic iron consumption and additional iron consumption of tooth parts of the nuclear power turbonator, converting each loss into heat density, and adding the heat density to a corresponding part of a temperature field calculation model; and calculating the multi-physical field of the generator rotor by using a finite volume method through the calculated boundary conditions. The method can calculate the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure at the rotor by utilizing the universe fluid network model, thereby effectively saving the calculation time of the three-dimensional multi-physical field of the rotor of the turbonator and improving the calculation accuracy.

Description

Method for calculating rotor multi-physical field based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of turbonators, in particular to a method for calculating multiple physical fields of a rotor based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling.
Background
The turbine generator is one of the main equipments of the electric network, and is the direct producer of electric energy, and about 80% of the electric energy is generated by the turbine generator. The nuclear power turbogenerator occupies an important position in the electric energy production process, the manufacturing cost of one nuclear power turbogenerator reaches hundreds of millions of yuan, and the safe power generation of the nuclear power turbogenerator is directly related to the stable power utilization of a large area, so that the normal operation of the turbogenerator is ensured, and the direct or indirect relationship is the healthy development of national economy.
The ventilation system of the nuclear power turbogenerator is very complex, and the time consumption and the calculation difficulty are high when a numerical calculation model of three-dimensional fluid and complex heat transfer of the full watershed of the turbogenerator is established for calculation; and the boundary of the inlet and the outlet is difficult to determine when the rotor multi-physical field is calculated. When the conditions of the rotor in and out of the air inlet are difficult to determine, a universal fluid and heat transfer model is established, the model establishment, subdivision and calculation difficulty is high, the calculation is difficult to converge, and an accurate calculation result cannot be obtained
There is no efficient method for calculating the multi-physical field of a turbine generator rotor in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for calculating multiple physical fields of a rotor based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling, which can save calculation time under the condition of keeping the calculation accuracy of the multiple physical fields of a steam turbine generator rotor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for calculating rotor multi-physical fields based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling comprises the following steps:
establishing a universe fluid network model considering the rotation of a rotor of a turbonator, and calculating the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure at the rotor by using the universe fluid network model;
constructing a three-dimensional entity model of a turbonator rotor temperature field based on the global fluid network model, carrying out grid division on the three-dimensional entity model, and establishing a calculation model of the turbonator rotor temperature field corresponding to the three-dimensional entity model;
calculating copper consumption of copper bars, basic iron consumption of tooth parts and additional loss of a rotor of the turbonator, respectively converting the copper consumption of the copper bars, the basic iron consumption of the tooth parts and the additional loss into heat density, and then adding the heat density to corresponding parts of a calculation model of a temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator;
and calculating a calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator to obtain a three-dimensional multi-physical field of the rotor of the turbonator, and obtaining the distribution of the heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of the ventilating duct of the rotor of the turbonator.
Further, the global fluid network model includes: z1Short-circuit current, Z2Cooler, Z3Cooler outlet, Z4Stator back inlet, Z5Stator back, Z6Stator field end, Z7Air gap inlet, Z8Air gap excitation terminal, Z9Air gap steam end, Z10Air gap outlet, Z11Rotor coil excitation end, Z12Straight line segment and Z of excitation end of rotor coil13Rotor coil steam end straight line segment, Z14Rotor coil steam end, Z15Rotor inlet, Z16Outlet box I/O, Z17Outlet box, Z18Outlet box ventilation pipe, Z19Excitation end magnetic shielding, Z20Axial ventilation hole, Z of stator core21Side section iron core excitation end tooth pressure air duct, Z22Steam end tooth pressure air duct and Z of side section iron core23And (5) magnetic shielding at the steam end.
Further, the calculating the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure at the rotor by using the global fluid network model includes:
the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure at the rotor of the turbonator are calculated as follows:
Figure GDA0002627087860000021
wherein Δ P is a pressure difference (Pa), ζ is a resistance coefficient, l is a tube length (m) of the calculation section, and d is a calculation regionHydraulic diameter of the section (m), ρ is the fluid density (kg/m)3) And v is the velocity vector (m/s) of the fluid.
Further, the building of the three-dimensional solid model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator based on the global fluid network model, the grid division of the three-dimensional solid model, and the building of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator corresponding to the three-dimensional solid model includes:
on the basis of the global fluid network model, according to the actual structure and the size of the turbine generator, a three-dimensional solid model of a nuclear turbine generator rotor temperature field 1/8 with the circumferential length and the half axial length is constructed, wherein the three-dimensional solid model respectively comprises: the rotor comprises a rotor iron core, a copper bar in a winding, turn-to-turn insulation, main insulation, a slot wedge and a ventilation channel;
and carrying out grid division on the three-dimensional solid model, and establishing a calculation model of the temperature field of the corresponding turbonator rotor, wherein the calculation model of the turbonator rotor temperature field comprises the following steps: copper bar, interturn insulation, main insulation, slot wedge and ventilation ditch in rotor core, the winding, wherein, rotor core contains rotor tooth and rotor yoke, the rotor tooth with the rotor yoke is connected, the rotor tooth is the arc structure of not equidistance, has the groove of cuboid structure in the middle of the two adjacent arc structures, and the winding has been placed to the inslot of cuboid structure, contains copper bar, interturn insulation, main insulation and slot wedge in the winding, and copper bar and interturn insulation alternate arrangement are in the inslot, and the slot wedge is arranged at the copper bar upside next to the notch, and main insulation arrangement is in the outside of neatly arranged copper bar, interturn insulation and slot wedge, next to the rotor tooth, has the ventilation ditch in the rotor winding, has hydrogen to flow through in the ventilation ditch.
Further, the calculating of copper bar consumption, tooth basic iron consumption and additional loss of the turbonator rotor comprises:
copper bars of the turbonator rotor are generated by direct current, and copper bar copper loss and basic iron loss of tooth parts of the turbonator rotor are calculated based on an electromagnetic field theoretical method;
the additional loss of the turbonator rotor is calculated by adopting the following formula:
additional loss Q of surface of rotor core of steam turbine generator2SHThe method comprises the following steps:
1) short-circuit loss Q generated on rotor surface by stator magnetic field higher harmonic2vK；
2) Short-circuit loss Q generated on rotor surface by stator tooth harmonic wave2zk；
3) No-load loss Q generated by stator tooth harmonic wave on rotor surface2zo；
4) Friction loss Q of rotor and cooling gas2HAnd the calculation unit is kW:
Figure GDA0002627087860000041
Figure GDA0002627087860000042
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure GDA0002627087860000046
generating a loss calculation coefficient for the higher harmonic of the stator magnetic field on the surface of the rotor; AS1The load is A/cm of the stator line; kIs the air gap coefficient; is a single-side air gap mm; diIs the inner diameter of the stator core; p is a log number; l2The length of the rotor body is mm; f is frequency Hz;
Figure GDA0002627087860000043
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure GDA0002627087860000047
calculating the loss coefficient generated on the surface of the rotor for the stator tooth harmonic; z1The number of stator slots is;
Figure GDA0002627087860000044
in the formula, BIs the magnetic flux density Gs in the air gap; knBeing air gaps of stator slotsA coefficient; lefThe net length of the stator core is mm;
Figure GDA0002627087860000045
in the formula, D2The outer diameter of the rotor is mm; pHThe hydrogen pressure employed; pHOIs the normal hydrogen pressure in the motor.
Further, the calculating the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator includes:
calculating the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator by adopting a fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation, wherein the fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation specifically satisfies the following formulas (7) to (9):
conservation of mass equation:
Figure GDA0002627087860000051
conservation of momentum equation:
Figure GDA0002627087860000052
energy conservation equation:
Figure GDA0002627087860000053
where ρ is density and v isrR is the position vector of the infinitesimal body in the rotating coordinate system, p is the static pressure acting on the air infinitesimal body, tau is the viscous stress acting on the surface of the infinitesimal body due to the molecular viscosity, and rho (2 omega x v)r+ Ω × Ω × r) is coriolis force, F is the volumetric force on the infinitesimal body, T is temperature, v is absolute velocity, λ is the thermal conductivity, c is the specific heat at constant pressure, S isrIs the ratio of the heat generated by the heat source per unit volume to c;
the calculation formula of the fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation is as follows:
Figure GDA0002627087860000054
where k is the turbulent kinetic energy, diffusion factor, ρ is the fluid density, V is the fluid velocity vector, t is the time, GkFor the turbulence generation rate, utIs the turbulent viscosity coefficient, G1、G2Is a constant value, σkAnd σIs the turbulent planck constant;
the heat transfer equation of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator is as follows:
Figure GDA0002627087860000061
in the formula, λx、λy、λzRespectively, heat transfer coefficients in different directions; q. q.sVIs the internal heat source density.
Further, the calculating the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator includes:
calculating a calculation model of a temperature field of a rotor of the turbonator, and respectively calculating a boundary surface and an inlet and an outlet of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator;
the boundary surface includes: a heat dissipation surface and a heat insulation surface;
boundary conditions of the boundary surface and the inlet and the outlet in the temperature field of the turbonator rotor are as follows:
in the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator, the heat insulation surface is four surfaces, and comprises: s2，S3，S4，S6The heat insulation surfaces respectively meet the following conditions:
Figure GDA0002627087860000062
wherein T is the temperature of the object and n is the boundary normal vector;
the cooling surface is two sides, includes: s1And S5Respectively satisfy the followingA piece:
Figure GDA0002627087860000063
wherein λ is a thermal conductivity, α is a heat dissipation coefficient, and T isfIs the ambient temperature;
the inlet and the outlet are respectively as follows: s7And S8The inlet and the outlet respectively meet given conditions of an inlet pressure boundary and an outlet pressure boundary, and the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure are calculated according to a global fluid network model of the turbonator; the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature are given according to the inlet air temperature given by the rotor factory and the tooth surface temperature obtained by calculation.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
based on a heat transfer equation, a boundary surface and an inlet and an outlet of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator, calculating a three-dimensional multi-physical field of the rotor of the turbonator by using a finite volume method through the fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation, and obtaining the distribution of the heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of the ventilation channel of the rotor of the turbonator.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the wind path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling method for calculating the multiple physical fields of the rotor provided by the invention can calculate the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure at the rotor by utilizing the universe fluid network model by establishing the universe fluid network model considering the rotation of the rotor of the turbonator, so that the calculation time of the three-dimensional multiple physical fields of the rotor of the turbonator can be effectively saved, the distribution of the heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of the ventilation duct of the rotor of the turbonator is obtained, and the calculation accuracy is improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for calculating a multi-physical field of a turbine generator rotor by using an air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a global wind path solution model of a steam turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein Z is1Short-circuit current, Z2Cooler, Z3Cooler outlet, Z4Stator back inlet, Z5Stator back, Z6Stator field end, Z7-air gap inlet, Z8-air gap excitation terminal, Z9Air gap steam end, Z10-air gap outlet, Z11Rotor coil field end, Z12Straight line segment, Z, of the excitation end of the rotor coil13Straight line segment, Z, of the steam end of the rotor coil14Rotor coil steam end, Z15Rotor inlet, Z16Outlet box I/O, Z17Outlet box, Z18Outlet box ventilation duct, Z19Excitation end magnetic shielding, Z20Stator core axial ventilation holes, Z21-side section iron core excitation end tooth pressure air duct, Z22-side section iron core steam end tooth pressure air duct, Z23-vapor end magnetic shielding;
FIG. 3 illustrates a solution domain and boundary conditions for calculation of a temperature field of a rotor of a steam turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein, 1-rotor tooth, 2-rotor yoke, 3-rotor copper bar, 4-interlayer insulation, 5-slot wedge, 6-main insulation, 7-ventilation groove;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of calculation of heat density of a rotor of a steam turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a wind path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling method for calculating multiple physical fields of a nuclear turbine generator rotor. And calculating the pressure values of the air inlet and the air outlet of the rotor by establishing a universe fluid network model, and on the basis, establishing a rotor fluid and heat transfer calculation model to calculate the multi-physical field of the rotor.
Example one
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for calculating multiple physical fields of a rotor of a steam turbine generator through air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling, which greatly saves the calculation time for calculating the multiple physical fields of the universe of the steam turbine generator on the premise of ensuring the calculation precision.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for calculating multiple physical fields of a steam turbine generator rotor by using an air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling method, wherein a calculation flow chart is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps: establishing a global fluid network model for calculating the rotor rotation of a steam turbine generator as shown in FIG. 2, wherein Z1Short-circuit current, Z2Cooler, Z3Cooler outlet, Z4Stator back inlet, Z5Stator back, Z6Stator field end, Z7-air gap inlet, Z8-air gap excitation terminal, Z9Air gap steam end, Z10-air gap outlet, Z11Rotor coil field end, Z12Straight line segment, Z, of the excitation end of the rotor coil13Straight line segment, Z, of the steam end of the rotor coil14Rotor coil steam end, Z15Rotor inlet, Z16Outlet box I/O, Z17Outlet box, Z18Outlet box ventilation duct, Z19Excitation end magnetic shielding, Z20Stator core axial ventilation holes, Z21-side section iron core excitation end tooth pressure air duct, Z22-side section iron core steam end tooth pressure air duct, Z23Vapor end magnetic shielding.
Considering the pressure value P of hydrogen generated by the multi-stage compressor type axial flow fanfAnd centrifugal pressure P generated by rotation of the rotorr(ii) a And when the hydrogen flows through the cooler, the back of the stator yoke, the air gap, the rotor coil, the outlet box, the stator core and other ventilation areas, local resistance and on-way resistance are generated, and the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure at the rotor of the turbonator are calculated.
On the basis of the global fluid network model, a three-dimensional solid model of the temperature field 1/8 of the rotor of the nuclear turbine generator, which is circumferentially and half axially long, is constructed, the three-dimensional solid model is subjected to grid division, and a corresponding calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbine generator is established. Fig. 3 shows an solving domain and boundary conditions of the calculation of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1-rotor tooth, 2-rotor yoke, 3-rotor copper bar, 4-interlayer insulation, 5-slot wedge, 6-main insulation, and 7-ventilation trench.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a turbo generator rotor heat seal calculation according to an embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes: calculating copper consumption of copper bars, basic iron consumption of tooth parts and additional loss of the nuclear turbine generator rotor, respectively converting the copper consumption of the copper bars, the basic iron consumption of the tooth parts and the additional loss into heat density, and then adding the heat density to corresponding parts of a calculation model of a temperature field of the turbine generator rotor.
And calculating the calculation model of the temperature field of the turbonator rotor to obtain the corresponding three-dimensional multi-physical field of the turbonator rotor, so as to obtain the distribution of the heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of the ventilation channel of the turbonator rotor.
The inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the rotor of the steam turbine generator are calculated according to the global fluid network model of the steam turbine generator, and the calculation mode of the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the rotor of the steam turbine generator is as follows:
in the global fluid network model, the pressure value P of hydrogen generated by the multistage compressor type axial flow fan is knownfAnd centrifugal pressure P generated by rotation of the rotorrAnd damping of the fluid flow area, according to the theory of the electric network, the pressure value of each node can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure GDA0002627087860000101
wherein Δ P is a pressure difference (Pa), ζ is a resistance coefficient, l is a pipe length (m) of the calculation section, d is a hydraulic diameter (m) of the calculation section, and ρ is a fluid density (kg/m)3) And v is the velocity vector (m/s) of the fluid.
And calculating the inlet air pressure and the outlet pressure of the rotor of the turbonator by using the formula (1).
The method for constructing the three-dimensional solid model of the temperature field of the nuclear power turbogenerator rotor comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional entity model of a temperature field of a rotor of the steam turbine generator according to the actual structure and size of the nuclear steam turbine generator; the three-dimensional solid models respectively include: rotor core, copper bar in the winding, turn-to-turn insulation, main insulation, slot wedge and ventilation trench.
The method comprises the following steps of carrying out grid division on a three-dimensional entity model of a rotor temperature field of the turbonator, and establishing a calculation model of the rotor temperature field of the turbonator corresponding to the three-dimensional entity model of the rotor temperature field of the turbonator, wherein the calculation model of the rotor temperature field of the turbonator comprises the following steps: rotor core, copper bar in the winding, turn-to-turn insulation, main insulation, slot wedge and ventilation trench. The rotor core comprises two parts, namely a rotor tooth and a rotor yoke, a main body part of a three-dimensional solid model is formed, the rotor tooth is connected with the rotor yoke, the rotor tooth is of an arc structure with unequal intervals, a groove with a cuboid structure is arranged between two adjacent arc structures, a winding is placed in the groove with the cuboid structure, copper bars, inter-turn insulation, main insulation and groove wedges are contained in the winding, the copper bars and the inter-turn insulation are alternately arranged in the groove, the groove wedges are arranged on the upper side of the copper bars close to the notches, the main insulation is arranged on the outer sides of the regularly arranged copper bars, the inter-turn insulation and the groove wedges, the rotor tooth is close to the rotor tooth, a ventilation groove is formed in the rotor winding, and hydrogen flows through the ventilation groove.
As shown in fig. 2, calculating copper bar copper loss, basic iron loss of a tooth portion and additional loss of a rotor of a nuclear turbine generator, respectively converting the copper bar copper loss, the basic iron loss of the tooth portion and the additional loss into heat densities, and then attaching the heat densities to corresponding positions of a calculation model of the temperature field includes:
and establishing copper bars of the rotor of the nuclear power turbonator as direct current, wherein only basic copper bar copper loss is generated, and calculating the copper bar copper loss and the basic iron loss of the tooth part of the rotor of the turbonator based on an electromagnetic field theoretical method according to the expression of loss calculation.
The additional loss of the turbonator rotor is calculated by adopting the following formula based on the relevant knowledge of the electromagnetic theory and the mechanical theory:
additional loss Q of rotor core surface2SHMainly comprises the following steps: 1) stator magnetShort-circuit loss Q generated by field higher harmonic on rotor surface2vK(ii) a 2) Short-circuit loss Q generated on rotor surface by stator tooth harmonic wave2zk(ii) a 3) No-load loss Q generated by stator tooth harmonic wave on rotor surface2zo(ii) a 4) Friction loss Q of rotor and cooling gas2HAnd the calculation unit is kW:
Figure GDA0002627087860000111
Figure GDA0002627087860000121
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure GDA0002627087860000122
generating a loss calculation coefficient for the higher harmonic of the stator magnetic field on the surface of the rotor; a. theS1Is the stator linear load (A/cm); kIs the air gap coefficient; a single-sided air gap (mm); diIs the inner diameter of the stator core; p is a log number; l2Rotor body length (mm); f is the frequency (Hz).
Figure GDA0002627087860000123
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure GDA0002627087860000124
calculating the loss coefficient generated on the surface of the rotor for the stator tooth harmonic; z1The number of stator slots.
Figure GDA0002627087860000125
In the formula, BIs the magnetic flux density (Gs) in the air gap; knIs the air gap coefficient of the stator slot; lefIs the stator core net length (mm).
Figure GDA0002627087860000126
In the formula, D2Rotor outer diameter (mm); pHThe hydrogen pressure employed; pHOIs the normal hydrogen pressure in the motor.
Calculating copper consumption of copper bars, basic iron consumption of iron cores and additional loss of the nuclear power turbine generator rotor based on an electromagnetic field theory method and a mechanical theory method according to the formula;
and respectively adding the calculated copper bar copper consumption, the iron core basic iron consumption and the additional loss of the nuclear power turbonator rotor to a calculation model of the turbonator rotor temperature field.
Calculating the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator, wherein a heat transfer equation, a boundary surface and inlet and outlet pressures of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator are required to be calculated respectively, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
for a calculation model of a temperature field of a rotor of the steam turbine generator, a standard fluid-solid coupling k-model is adopted to simulate a turbulence equation, and the following equations (7) to (9) are specifically satisfied:
conservation of mass equation:
Figure GDA0002627087860000131
conservation of momentum equation:
Figure GDA0002627087860000132
energy conservation equation:
Figure GDA0002627087860000133
where ρ is density and v isrR is the position vector of the infinitesimal body in the rotating coordinate system, p is the static pressure acting on the air infinitesimal body, tau is the viscous stress acting on the surface of the infinitesimal body due to the molecular viscosity, and rho (2 omega x v)r+ Ω × Ω × r) is coriolis force, F is the volume force on the infinitesimal body, T is the temperature, v is the absolute velocity, λ is the thermal conductivity, c is the constant pressureSpecific heat, SrIs the ratio of the heat generated by the heat source per unit volume to c;
the turbulence equation is simulated using a standard fluid-solid coupling k-model as follows:
Figure GDA0002627087860000134
where k is the turbulent kinetic energy, diffusion factor, ρ is the fluid density, V is the fluid velocity vector, t is the time, GkFor the turbulence generation rate, utIs the turbulent viscosity coefficient, G1、G2Is a constant value, σkAnd σIs the turbulent planck constant;
the multi-physical field of the turbonator rotor is calculated by adopting a wind path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling method, and then the heat transfer equation of the turbonator rotor temperature field is as follows:
Figure GDA0002627087860000135
in the formula, λx、λy、λzRespectively, heat transfer coefficients in different directions; q. q.sVIs the internal heat source density.
Calculating a calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator, and respectively calculating a heat transfer equation, a boundary surface and an inlet and an outlet of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator, and the method further comprises the following steps:
the boundary surface includes: a heat dissipation surface and a heat insulation surface;
boundary conditions of the boundary surface and the inlet and the outlet in the temperature field of the turbonator rotor are as follows:
in the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator, the heat insulation surface is four surfaces and comprises: s2，S3，S4，S6The heat insulation surfaces respectively satisfy the following conditions:
Figure GDA0002627087860000141
wherein T is the temperature of the object and n is the boundary normal vector;
the cooling surface is two sides, includes: s1And S5The following conditions are respectively satisfied:
Figure GDA0002627087860000142
wherein λ is a thermal conductivity, α is a heat dissipation coefficient, and T isfIs the ambient temperature;
the inlet and the outlet are respectively as follows: s7And S8The inlet and the outlet respectively meet the given conditions of an inlet pressure boundary and an outlet pressure boundary, and the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure are calculated according to a global fluid network model of the nuclear power turbogenerator; the inlet and outlet temperatures are given from the inlet air temperature given by the rotor factory and the calculated tooth surface temperature.
Based on a heat transfer equation, a boundary surface and an inlet and an outlet of a calculation model of a temperature field of a rotor of the turbonator, three-dimensional multi-physical fields, namely a speed field, a pressure field and a temperature field, of the rotor of the turbonator are calculated by a finite volume method through a fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation, so that the distribution of heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of a ventilation channel of the rotor of the turbonator is obtained.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a finite volume method for calculating a temperature field of a rotor of a steam turbine generator, wherein the processing flow is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following processing steps: first, a global fluid network model taking the rotation of the rotor into account is established, and as shown in fig. 2, the pressures of the rotor in and out of the tuyere are calculated. On the basis, according to the world structure and the size of a 1100MW nuclear power turbogenerator rotor, a three-dimensional solid model of a rotor 1/8 circumference and a half axial section is established, the solid model is divided, and a calculation model of a turbogenerator rotor temperature field corresponding to the turbogenerator rotor temperature field solid model is established, as shown in FIG. 3.
In fig. 3, the computational model comprises: rotor core, copper bar in the winding, turn-to-turn insulation, main insulation and slot wedge.
According to the electromagnetic theory and the mechanical theory, the copper loss of the rotor copper bar, the basic iron loss of the tooth part and the additional iron loss are calculated, converted into heat density and added to the corresponding positions, as shown in figure 4.
And obtaining the temperature distribution rule of the rotor according to a heat transfer equation, a boundary surface and an inlet and an outlet of the three-dimensional temperature field of the rotor. By adopting the calculation method of the air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling, the calculation accuracy can be ensured, the calculation time is saved, and the theoretical support is provided for the safe operation of the large-scale steam turbine generator.
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel method for calculating a plurality of physical fields of a rotor of a large-scale steam turbine generator, which comprises the following steps: the wind path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling calculation method is a new model of a rotor of a large nuclear power turbine generator, but the method is not limited to the rotor part of the nuclear power turbine generator and is suitable for multi-physical-field calculation of any kind of motors, particularly the large nuclear power turbine generator.
In summary, according to the method for calculating the multiple physical fields of the rotor by the air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling method provided by the invention, the universe fluid network model considering the rotation of the rotor of the turbonator is established, and the inlet air pressure and the outlet air pressure of the rotor can be calculated by using the universe fluid network model, so that the calculation time of the three-dimensional multiple physical fields of the rotor of the turbonator can be effectively saved, the distribution of the heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of the ventilation duct of the rotor of the turbonator is obtained, and the calculation accuracy is improved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, by constructing the universal fluid network of the turbonator and the fluid and heat transfer temperature field calculation model of the rotor, and by virtue of the weak coupling between the fluid network and the fluid and heat transfer model, the calculation time can be effectively saved, and the initial rotor temperature field can be accurately calculated. Meanwhile, the temperature of the rotor is difficult to measure due to the rotation of the rotor, and the accuracy of the calculation result is easier to judge by comparing the pressure value calculated by using the fluid network with the actual measured value of the rotor pressure. The invention provides a new idea for the multi-physical-field calculation of the large-scale nuclear power turbogenerator, and can effectively meet the calculation precision and save the calculation time.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for calculating rotor multi-physical fields based on air path-fluid-heat transfer cooperative coupling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a universe fluid network model considering the rotation of a rotor of a turbonator, and calculating the air inlet pressure and the air outlet pressure at the rotor by using the universe fluid network model;
constructing a three-dimensional entity model of a turbonator rotor temperature field based on the global fluid network model, carrying out grid division on the three-dimensional entity model, and establishing a calculation model of the turbonator rotor temperature field corresponding to the three-dimensional entity model;
calculating copper consumption of copper bars, basic iron consumption of tooth parts and additional loss of a rotor of the turbonator, respectively converting the copper consumption of the copper bars, the basic iron consumption of the tooth parts and the additional loss into heat density, and then adding the heat density to corresponding parts of a calculation model of a temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator;
calculating a calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator to obtain a three-dimensional multi-physical field of the rotor of the turbonator, and obtaining the distribution of the heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of the ventilating duct of the rotor of the turbonator;
the global fluid network model comprises: z1Short-circuit current, Z2Cooler, Z3Cooler outlet, Z4Stator back inlet, Z5Stator back, Z6Stator field end, Z7Air gap inlet, Z8Air gap excitation terminal, Z9Air gap steam end, Z10Air gap outlet, Z11Rotor coil excitation end, Z12Straight line segment and Z of excitation end of rotor coil13Rotor coil steam end straight line segment, Z14Rotor coil steam end, Z15Rotor inlet, Z16Outlet box I/O, Z17Outlet box, Z18Outlet box ventilation pipe, Z19Excitation end magnetic shielding, Z20Axial ventilation hole, Z of stator core21Side section iron core excitation end tooth pressure air duct, Z22Steam end tooth pressure air duct and Z of side section iron core23Steam end magnetic shielding;
the calculating of the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure at the rotor by using the global fluid network model comprises:
the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure at the rotor of the turbonator are calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0002627087850000021
wherein, Δ P is the pressure difference, in Pa, ζ is the resistance coefficient, l is the tube length of the calculation section, in m, d is the hydraulic diameter of the calculation section, inBit m, rho fluid density in kg/m3V is the velocity vector of the fluid in m/s;
the building of the three-dimensional entity model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator based on the universe fluid network model, the grid division of the three-dimensional entity model and the building of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator corresponding to the three-dimensional entity model comprises the following steps:
on the basis of the global fluid network model, according to the actual structure and the size of the turbine generator, a three-dimensional solid model of a nuclear turbine generator rotor temperature field 1/8 with the circumferential length and the half axial length is constructed, wherein the three-dimensional solid model respectively comprises: the rotor comprises a rotor iron core, a copper bar in a winding, turn-to-turn insulation, main insulation, a slot wedge and a ventilation channel;
and carrying out grid division on the three-dimensional solid model, and establishing a calculation model of the temperature field of the corresponding turbonator rotor, wherein the calculation model of the turbonator rotor temperature field comprises the following steps: copper bar, interturn insulation, main insulation, slot wedge and ventilation ditch in rotor core, the winding, wherein, rotor core contains rotor tooth and rotor yoke, the rotor tooth with the rotor yoke is connected, the rotor tooth is the arc structure of not equidistance, has the groove of cuboid structure in the middle of the two adjacent arc structures, and the winding has been placed to the inslot of cuboid structure, contains copper bar, interturn insulation, main insulation and slot wedge in the winding, and copper bar and interturn insulation alternate arrangement are in the inslot, and the slot wedge is arranged at the copper bar upside next to the notch, and main insulation arrangement is in the outside of neatly arranged copper bar, interturn insulation and slot wedge, next to the rotor tooth, has the ventilation ditch in the rotor winding, has hydrogen to flow through in the ventilation ditch.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the copper bar loss, the tooth base iron loss and the parasitic loss of the turbonator rotor comprises:
copper bars of the turbonator rotor are generated by direct current, and copper bar copper loss and basic iron loss of tooth parts of the turbonator rotor are calculated based on an electromagnetic field theoretical method;
the additional loss of the turbonator rotor is calculated by adopting the following formula:
additional loss Q of surface of rotor core of steam turbine generator2SHThe method comprises the following steps:
1) short-circuit loss Q generated on rotor surface by stator magnetic field higher harmonic2vK；
2) Short-circuit loss Q generated on rotor surface by stator tooth harmonic wave2zk；
3) No-load loss Q generated by stator tooth harmonic wave on rotor surface2zo；
4) Friction loss Q of rotor and cooling gas2HAnd the calculation unit is kW:
Figure FDA0002627087850000031
Figure FDA0002627087850000032
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002627087850000033
generating a loss calculation coefficient for the higher harmonic of the stator magnetic field on the surface of the rotor; AS1The load is A/cm of the stator line; kIs the air gap coefficient; is a single-sided air gap with the unit of mm; diIs the inner diameter of the stator core; p is a log number; l2Is the length of the rotor body, and the unit is mm; f is frequency in Hz;
Figure FDA0002627087850000034
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002627087850000035
calculating the loss coefficient generated on the surface of the rotor for the stator tooth harmonic; z1The number of stator slots is;
Figure FDA0002627087850000036
in the formula, BIs the magnetic flux density Gs in the air gap; knIs the air gap coefficient of the stator slot; lefThe net length of the stator core is in mm;
Figure FDA0002627087850000037
in the formula, D2Is the outer diameter of the rotor in mm; pHThe hydrogen pressure employed; pHOIs the normal hydrogen pressure in the motor.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said computing a model of said turbine generator rotor temperature field comprises:
calculating the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator by adopting a fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation, wherein the fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation specifically satisfies the following formulas (7) to (9):
conservation of mass equation:
Figure FDA0002627087850000041
conservation of momentum equation:
Figure FDA0002627087850000042
energy conservation equation:
Figure FDA0002627087850000043
where ρ is density and v isrR is the position vector of the infinitesimal body in the rotating coordinate system, p is the static pressure acting on the air infinitesimal body, tau is the viscous stress acting on the surface of the infinitesimal body due to the molecular viscosity, and rho (2 omega x v)r+ omega. times.omega. times.r) is Criour's forceF is the volume force on the infinitesimal body, T is the temperature, v is the absolute velocity, lambda is the coefficient of thermal conductivity, c is the specific heat at constant pressure, SrIs the ratio of the heat generated by the heat source per unit volume to c;
the calculation formula of the fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002627087850000044
where k is the turbulent kinetic energy, diffusion factor, ρ is the fluid density, V is the fluid velocity vector, t is the time, GkFor the turbulence generation rate, utIs the turbulent viscosity coefficient, G1、G2Is a constant value, σkAnd σIs the turbulent planck constant;
the heat transfer equation of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator is as follows:
Figure FDA0002627087850000051
in the formula, λx、λy、λzRespectively, heat transfer coefficients in different directions; q. q.sVIs the internal heat source density.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said calculating a model of said turbine generator rotor temperature field comprises:
calculating a calculation model of a temperature field of a rotor of the turbonator, and respectively calculating a boundary surface and an inlet and an outlet of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator;
the boundary surface includes: a heat dissipation surface and a heat insulation surface;
boundary conditions of the boundary surface and the inlet and the outlet in the temperature field of the turbonator rotor are as follows:
in the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the steam turbine generator, the heat insulation surface is four surfaces, and comprises: s2，S3，S4，S6Said heat insulation faceThe following conditions are respectively satisfied:
Figure FDA0002627087850000052
wherein T is the temperature of the object and n is the boundary normal vector;
the cooling surface is two sides, includes: s1And S5The following conditions are respectively satisfied:
Figure FDA0002627087850000053
wherein λ is a thermal conductivity, α is a heat dissipation coefficient, and T isfIs the ambient temperature;
the inlet and the outlet are respectively as follows: s7And S8The inlet and the outlet respectively meet given conditions of an inlet pressure boundary and an outlet pressure boundary, and the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure are calculated according to a global fluid network model of the turbonator; the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature are given according to the inlet air temperature given by the rotor factory and the tooth surface temperature obtained by calculation.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
based on a heat transfer equation, a boundary surface and an inlet and an outlet of the calculation model of the temperature field of the rotor of the turbonator, calculating a three-dimensional multi-physical field of the rotor of the turbonator by using a finite volume method through the fluid-solid coupling k-model simulation turbulence equation, and obtaining the distribution of the heat dissipation coefficients of the inner surface of the ventilation channel of the rotor of the turbonator.
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