CN109101535B - Curvature-based land line extraction and identification method - Google Patents
Curvature-based land line extraction and identification method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a curvature-based land line extraction and identification method, which comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining lattice point data by reading a fourth type of MICAPS data; s2, calculating isobars and contour lines according to the grid point data, and judging high-low voltage partitions according to the contour lines; s3, judging whether the isobaric line is a closed curve, if so, entering a step S5, and if not, entering a step S4; s4, extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to a curvature method, and entering the step S6; s5, extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to the high-low voltage partitions, and entering the step S6; and S6, tracking the groove points and the ridge points and connecting the groove lines and the ridge lines to realize the extraction and identification of the groove and ridge lines. The invention solves the problems of large workload, large human input, low efficiency and low accuracy caused by deviation of analysis results in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic analysis of an air circulation diagram, and particularly relates to a curvature-based land line extraction and identification method.
Background
In meteorology, the trough line (trough line) is the line connecting the points of the low-pressure trough where the cyclone curvature of the medium-pressure trough is the largest and the lowest air pressure (or potential height) is provided, and is the area where the horizontal convergence of the air flow in the low-pressure trough is the strongest. Usually, the weather change near the trough line is obvious, for example, in a west wind zone, the front part of the trough line often blows south wind, and the front part has rising movement, and the abundant water vapor can form clouds and precipitation. The rear part of the groove line blows more northern wind, and the groove line sinks and moves in a clear and cloudy day. The characteristics of the slotline enable the slotline to occupy a very important position in weather forecast, greatly influence the forecast trend of weather forecasters, and are one of important bases for cloud-caused rain in forecast. Ridge lines (Ridge lines) refer to the area on the same elevation plane where the air pressure is high and adjacent to three sides but lower than the other side, often a narrow area from which high air pressure extends. The weather map shows the isobars or contours of the high pressure ridges with the concave surface facing the high pressure. The spatial isobaric surface near the ridge is similar to a ridge. The high-pressure ridge is slightly U-shaped or n-shaped when not closed on a weather map, and the air pressure in the middle of the ridge is higher than that in the three surrounding surfaces, such as the ridge on the terrain. The connecting line of the maximum bending (maximum curvature) of each isobar in the high-pressure ridge is called a ridge line. The high-pressure ridge area is generally an airflow dispersion area, and the weather is mainly clear at the ridge line.
In the weather field, based on the modern human-computer interaction weather information processing and weather forecast making system (MICAPS), the manual identification of the slotline has been developed to a very mature stage, and the weather forecaster has already performed a light and mature road for the visual analysis of the slotline. However, there are many factors affecting the identification of the groove line and ridge line, if the manual analysis and extraction is adopted completely, the analysis result will often deviate from the reality, which includes many subjective and uncertain objective factors, and the time overhead required for manual identification is very large, so that the manual identification is obviously not beneficial to the rapid processing and updating of the real-time data in the present of the weather data collection with such a short time and high density.
The prior art has the following problems:
(1) in the prior art, the extraction of the ridge line mainly adopts a manual analysis mode, so that the workload is large, the labor investment is large, and the efficiency is low;
(2) the manual analysis mode has errors, the analysis result is often deviated from the actual result, and the accuracy is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the curvature-based ridge line extraction and identification method provided by the invention has the advantages of high practicability, reduced workload, labor input saving, high efficiency and high accuracy, avoids errors and deviations of analysis results, and solves the problems of high workload, high labor input, low efficiency and low accuracy caused by deviation of the analysis results in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a curvature-based land line extraction and identification method, comprising the steps of:
s1: acquiring lattice point data by reading the fourth type data of the MICAPS;
s2: calculating an isobaric line and an isoline according to the grid point data, and judging high and low voltage partitions according to the isoline;
s3: judging whether the isobaric line is a closed curve, if so, entering a step S5, otherwise, entering a step S4;
s4: extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to a curvature method, and entering step S6;
s5: extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to the high-low voltage partitions, and entering the step S6;
s6: and tracking the groove points and the ridge points and connecting the groove lines and the ridge lines to realize the extraction and identification of the groove and ridge lines.
Further, in step S2, the high-low voltage partitions are determined according to the contour, that is, the high-low voltage partitions on the left and right sides of the contour are obtained according to the grid data on the left and right sides of the contour.
Further, in step S3, the method for determining whether the isobaric line is a closed curve includes: finding out the starting point and the end point of the isobaric line, judging whether the longitude and latitude of the two points in the weather system are the same, if so, determining the two points to be a closed curve, and if not, determining the two points to be a non-closed curve.
Further, in step S4, extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to a curvature method includes the steps of:
s4-1: extracting an absolute value of curvature of each point on the isobar;
s4-2: judging the positive and negative of the curvature of each point according to the high and low voltage partitions where the isobars are located and the bending direction of the isoline;
s4-3: judging land partition of the isobars according to the curvature of each point;
s4-4: groove points and ridge points of the isobars are extracted according to a distance method and land partition.
Further, in step S4-1, the calculation formula of the absolute value of the curvature is:
Pi＝1/R＝(2sinα)/L,α∈[0,π]
in the formula, PiThe absolute value of the curvature of the point; r is the radius of a circumscribed circle of a triangle formed by the adjacent three points; alpha is PiAcute angles of the angles; l is and PiThe distance of two points adjacent to a point.
Further, in step S4-3, the judgment formula is:
if the high-low voltage partition in the advancing direction of the contour line is' low left and high right
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is Pi-1Point and PiA point curvature vector;
is Pi-1Point and Pi+1A point curvature vector.
If the high-low voltage partition in the advancing direction of the contour line is' high left and low right
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is Pi-1Point and PiA point curvature vector;
is Pi-1Point and Pi+1A point curvature vector.
Further, in step S4-4, extracting groove points and ridge points of isobars according to a distance method and land partition, including the steps of:
s4-4-1: sequentially connecting the starting point and the end point of the groove area and the ridge area to obtain a connecting line;
s4-4-2: taking a point which is on the isobaric line and has the maximum vertical distance to the connecting line as a limit value point;
s4-4-3: judging whether the maximum vertical distance is larger than a threshold value, if so, entering a step S4-4-4, otherwise, entering a step S4-4-5;
s4-4-4: connecting the limit value point and the critical points at the two sides of the limit value point, and repeating the step S4-4-2;
s4-4-5: and obtaining groove points and ridge points according to the partitions and the limit value points of the isobars.
Further, in step S5, extracting the groove points and the ridge points of the isobars according to the high-low voltage partitions includes the following steps:
s5-1: judging whether the area where the constant voltage line is located is a low-voltage area, if so, going to step S5-2, otherwise, going to step S5-3;
s5-2: extracting points positioned at the northest end, the easst end, the west end and the soutest end of the isobar line as groove points, and finishing the extraction;
s5-3: and extracting points positioned at the northest end, the easterest end, the westest end and the southerst end of the isobar line as ridge points, and finishing the extraction.
Further, in step S6, the method for connecting out slot lines includes: finding the groove point of the minimum contour line as a starting point, traversing all the groove points, sequentially connecting adjacent, unlined and next groove points on different contour lines, finding the groove point on the non-closed curve as an end point, and ensuring that the groove line cannot be intersected with the contour line and the connected land line.
Further, in step S6, the method for connecting the ridge line includes: finding the ridge point of the maximum contour line as a starting point, traversing all ridge points, sequentially connecting adjacent ridge points, unconnected ridge points and next ridge points on different contour lines, finding the ridge point on the non-closed curve as an end point, and ensuring that the ridge line cannot be intersected with the contour line and the connected ridge line.
The beneficial effect of this scheme does:
(1) the scheme realizes the extraction and identification of the ridge line based on the curvature method, and improves the practicability of the method;
(2) the manual analysis mode is avoided, the workload is reduced, the labor input is saved, and the efficiency is improved;
(3) the deviation of the recognition result caused by errors is avoided, the accuracy is improved, and good groove ridge lines are extracted;
(4) the connection result of the ridge line meets the requirement of land line analysis of a weather system, the trend of the ridge point can be well reflected, and the practicability is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a curvature-based method for extracting and identifying ridge lines;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for extracting groove points and ridge points of isobars;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for extracting groove points and ridge points of isobars from a non-closed curve;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for extracting groove points and ridge points of isobars from a closed curve;
fig. 5 is a land-line connection diagram.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
A curvature-based land line extraction and identification method, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: acquiring lattice point data by reading the fourth type data of the MICAPS;
s2: calculating an isobaric line and an isoline according to the grid point data, and judging high and low voltage partitions according to the isoline;
s3: judging whether the isobaric line is a closed curve, if so, entering a step S5, otherwise, entering a step S4;
s4: extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to a curvature method, and entering step S6;
extracting the groove points and the ridge points of the isobars according to a curvature method, as shown in fig. 2, comprises the following steps:
s4-1: extracting an absolute value of curvature of each point on the isobar;
the absolute value of the curvature is calculated as:
Pi＝1/R＝(2sinα)/L,α∈[0,π]
in the formula, PiThe absolute value of the curvature of the point; r is the radius of a circumscribed circle of a triangle formed by the adjacent three points; alpha is PiAcute angles of the angles; l is and PiThe distance between two adjacent points;
s4-2: judging the positive and negative of the curvature of each point according to the high and low voltage partitions where the isobars are located and the bending direction of the isoline;
s4-3: judging land partition of the isobars according to the curvature of each point;
the judgment formula is as follows:
if the high-low voltage partition in the advancing direction of the contour line is' low left and high right
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is Pi-1Point and PiA point curvature vector;
is Pi-1Point and Pi+1A point curvature vector.
If the high-low voltage partition in the advancing direction of the contour line is' high left and low right
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is Pi-1Point and PiA point curvature vector;
is Pi-1Point and Pi+1A point curvature vector;
s4-4: the groove point and the ridge point of the isobars are extracted according to the distance method and the land partition, as shown in fig. 3, comprising the steps of:
s4-4-1: sequentially connecting the starting point and the end point of the groove area and the ridge area to obtain a connecting line;
s4-4-2: taking a point which is on the isobaric line and has the maximum vertical distance to the connecting line as a limit value point;
s4-4-3: judging whether the maximum vertical distance is larger than a threshold value, if so, entering a step S4-4-4, otherwise, entering a step S4-4-5;
s4-4-4: connecting the limit value point and the critical points at the two sides of the limit value point, and repeating the step S4-4-2;
s4-4-5: obtaining groove points and ridge points according to the partitions and the limit value points of the isobars;
s5: extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to the high-low voltage partitions, and entering the step S6;
extracting the groove points and the ridge points of the isobars according to the high-low voltage partitions, as shown in fig. 4, comprises the following steps:
s5-1: judging whether the area where the constant voltage line is located is a low-voltage area, if so, going to step S5-2, otherwise, going to step S5-3;
s5-2: extracting points positioned at the northest end, the easst end, the west end and the soutest end of the isobar line as groove points, and finishing the extraction;
s5-3: extracting points positioned at the northest end, the easst end, the west end and the southerst end of the isobar line as ridge points, and finishing the extraction;
s6: and tracking the groove points and the ridge points and connecting out groove lines and ridge lines, and as shown in fig. 5, extracting and identifying the groove lines and the ridge lines.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the high-low voltage partitions are determined according to the contour, that is, the high-low voltage partitions on the left and right sides of the contour are obtained according to the grid data on the left and right sides of the contour.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the method for determining whether the isobaric line is a closed curve includes: finding out the starting point and the end point of the isobaric line, judging whether the longitude and latitude of the two points in the weather system are the same, if so, determining the two points to be a closed curve, and if not, determining the two points to be a non-closed curve.
In this embodiment, in step S6, the method for connecting the slot line includes: finding the groove point of the minimum contour line as a starting point, traversing all the groove points, sequentially connecting adjacent, unlined and next groove points on different contour lines, finding the groove point on the non-closed curve as an end point, and ensuring that the groove line cannot be intersected with the contour line and the connected land line.
In this embodiment, in step S6, the method for connecting the ridge line includes: finding the ridge point of the maximum contour line as a starting point, traversing all ridge points, sequentially connecting adjacent ridge points, unconnected ridge points and next ridge points on different contour lines, finding the ridge point on the non-closed curve as an end point, and ensuring that the ridge line cannot be intersected with the contour line and the connected ridge line.
In the embodiment of the invention, the extraction and identification of the groove ridge line are realized based on the curvature method, and the practicability of the method is improved; the manual analysis mode is avoided, the workload is reduced, the labor input is saved, and the efficiency is improved; the deviation of the recognition result caused by errors is avoided, the accuracy is improved, and good groove ridge lines are extracted; the connection result of the ridge line meets the requirement of land line analysis of a weather system, the trend of the ridge point can be well reflected, and the practicability is further improved.
Claims (7)
1. A curvature-based land line extraction and identification method, comprising the steps of:
s1: acquiring lattice point data by reading the fourth type data of the MICAPS;
s2: calculating an isobaric line and an isoline according to the grid point data, and judging high and low voltage partitions according to the isoline;
s3: judging whether the isobaric line is a closed curve, if so, entering a step S5, otherwise, entering a step S4;
s4: extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to a curvature method, and entering step S6;
in the step S4, extracting a groove point and a ridge point of the isobar according to a curvature method includes the following steps:
s4-1: extracting an absolute value of curvature of each point on the isobar;
s4-2: judging the positive and negative of the curvature of each point according to the high and low voltage partitions where the isobars are located and the bending direction of the isoline;
s4-3: judging land partition of the isobars according to the curvature of each point;
s4-4: extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to a distance method and land partition;
in the step S4-4, extracting groove points and ridge points of isobars according to a distance method and land partition includes the following steps:
s4-4-1: sequentially connecting the starting point and the end point of the groove area and the ridge area to obtain a connecting line;
s4-4-2: taking a point which is on the isobaric line and has the maximum vertical distance to the connecting line as a limit value point;
s4-4-3: judging whether the maximum vertical distance is larger than a threshold value, if so, entering a step S4-4-4, otherwise, entering a step S4-4-5;
s4-4-4: connecting the limit value point and the critical points at the two sides of the limit value point, and repeating the step S4-4-2;
s4-4-5: obtaining groove points and ridge points according to the partitions and the limit value points of the isobars;
s5: extracting groove points and ridge points of the isobars according to the high-low voltage partitions, and entering the step S6;
in step S5, extracting the groove points and the ridge points of the isobars according to the high-low voltage partitions includes the following steps:
s5-1: judging whether the area where the constant voltage line is located is a low-voltage area, if so, going to step S5-2, otherwise, going to step S5-3;
s5-2: extracting points positioned at the northest end, the easst end, the west end and the soutest end of the isobar line as groove points, and finishing the extraction;
s5-3: extracting points positioned at the northest end, the easst end, the west end and the southerst end of the isobar line as ridge points, and finishing the extraction;
s6: and tracking the groove points and the ridge points and connecting groove lines and ridge lines to realize the extraction and identification of the groove lines and the ridge lines.
2. The curvature-based ridge line extracting and identifying method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the high-low pressure partitions are determined according to the contour line, i.e. the high-low pressure partitions on the left and right sides of the contour line are obtained according to the grid point data on the left and right sides of the contour line.
3. The method for extracting and identifying curvature-based groove and ridge lines as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the method for determining whether the isobars are closed curves is as follows: finding out the starting point and the end point of the isobaric line, judging whether the longitude and latitude of the two points in the weather system are the same, if so, determining the two points to be a closed curve, and if not, determining the two points to be a non-closed curve.
4. A curvature-based ridge line extracting and identifying method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4-1, the calculation formula of the absolute value of the curvature is:
Pi＝1/R＝(2sinα)/L,α∈[0,π]
in the formula, PiThe absolute value of the curvature of the point; r is the radius of a circumscribed circle of a triangle formed by the adjacent three points; alpha is PiAcute angles of the angles; l is and PiThe distance of two points adjacent to a point.
5. The method for extracting and identifying a curvature-based ridge line as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4-3, the judgment formula is:
if the high-low voltage partition in the advancing direction of the contour line is' low left and high right
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is Pi-1Point and PiA point curvature vector;
is Pi-1Point and Pi+1A point curvature vector;
if the high-low voltage partition in the advancing direction of the contour line is' high left and low right
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is Pi-1Point and PiA point curvature vector;
is Pi-1Point and Pi+1A point curvature vector.
6. The curvature-based ridge line extraction and identification method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, the method for connecting out the groove line is: finding the groove point of the minimum contour line as a starting point, traversing all the groove points, sequentially connecting adjacent, unlined and next groove points on different contour lines, finding the groove point on the non-closed curve as an end point, and ensuring that the groove line cannot be intersected with the contour line and the connected land line.
7. The method for extracting and identifying curvature-based groove and ridge lines according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the method for connecting the ridge lines is as follows: finding the ridge point of the maximum contour line as a starting point, traversing all ridge points, sequentially connecting adjacent ridge points, unconnected ridge points and next ridge points on different contour lines, finding the ridge point on the non-closed curve as an end point, and ensuring that the ridge line cannot be intersected with the contour line and the connected ridge line.
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| CN104951624A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-30 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Wind field data based automatic trough line drawing method in computer weather software |
| CN106909788A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-30 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Line of rabbet joint automatic drafting method based on geopotential unit data in computer meteorology software |
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| CN104951624A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-30 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Wind field data based automatic trough line drawing method in computer weather software |
| CN106909788A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-30 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Line of rabbet joint automatic drafting method based on geopotential unit data in computer meteorology software |
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| 基于DP算法的槽线自动判识;代曦等;《气象科技》;20160229;第44卷(第1期);第36-40页 * |
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