CN109100880A - The automatically controlled generation device of vector beam - Google Patents
The automatically controlled generation device of vector beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN109100880A CN109100880A CN201811292251.6A CN201811292251A CN109100880A CN 109100880 A CN109100880 A CN 109100880A CN 201811292251 A CN201811292251 A CN 201811292251A CN 109100880 A CN109100880 A CN 109100880A
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000143252 Idaea infirmaria Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0136—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour for the control of polarisation, e.g. state of polarisation [SOP] control, polarisation scrambling, TE-TM mode conversion or separation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
- G02F1/133638—Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of automatically controlled generation device of vector beam, comprising: generates the laser generator of incident laser；The phase delay device that phase delay processing is carried out to incident laser of the light emission side of laser generator is set；For to the q plate for carrying out phase delay treated light beam and carrying out vector polarization manipulation；The imaging device of the light emission side of q plate is set, the hot spot formed on imaging device from the light that q plate projects for rendering；Q plate is formed to utilize femtosecond laser to etch micro nano structure on a glass, and the shape of consecutive variations is presented with polar angle in its fast axis direction in the micro nano structure on q plate.By the micro nano structure design on q plate, appearance segmentation phenomenon is avoided, the quality of emergent light is improved.And phase delay device is added, phase delay processing can be changed by adjusting voltage swing, avoid the waste in the prior art for needing to manually adjust or replace time and efforts caused by wave plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a vector light beam electric control generating device.
Background
The q-plate (q-plate) is a non-uniform anisotropic medium with tiny liquid crystal cells arranged according to a specific geometric pattern, the structure of the q-plate is changed along with the change of an azimuth angle, the change of the azimuth angle of a microstructure can be essentially equivalent to the change of the optical axis direction of a local uniaxial crystal, so the q-plate can be regarded as a space non-uniformly distributed phase retarder or a wave plate with a fast axis changing along with the azimuth angle, and the regulation and control of the polarization state of an optical field can be realized through the space-variant effective birefringence which is artificially designed. In recent years, due to the spin-orbit angular momentum conversion effect in the q-plate, the q-plate has great application in generating vortex beams. The general device for generating vector beams generates Gaussian beams by a laser, then controls the polarization state of incident light by a laser polarizer and a wave plate, and then realizes the vector beams by a q-plate or a super surface. And finally, measuring the Stokes parameters by using the quarter-wave plate and the polarizer to obtain the polarization state of the emergent light. The imaging device is used to record the image of the light spot presented thereon.
In the prior art, the q plate is generally divided into 12 parts on average, and the fast axis direction of each part is a fixed direction, so that the fast axis direction of the q plate presents a segmented form, thereby affecting the spot quality of emergent light. And since the liquid crystal cell cannot be made small enough, the diffraction phenomenon cannot be effectively suppressed, resulting in low conversion efficiency. In the conventional device for generating the vector light beam, the wave plate is required to be manually adjusted or replaced, which is slow and troublesome, and wastes much time and energy.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for generating a vector beam by electric control, which solves the above problems.
The embodiment of the application provides a vector light beam electric control generating device, including:
a laser generator for generating incident laser light;
the phase retarder is arranged on the light emitting side of the laser generator and used for carrying out corresponding phase retardation processing on the incident laser under different voltages;
the q plate is arranged on one side, far away from the laser generator, of the phase retarder and used for carrying out vector polarization processing on the light beam subjected to the phase retardation processing;
the imaging device is arranged on the light emergent side of the q plate and used for presenting light spots formed on the imaging device by the light emitted from the q plate;
wherein, the laser generator, the phase retarder, the q plate and the central point of the imaging device are positioned on the same straight line;
the q plate is formed by etching a micro-nano structure on a glass plate by using femtosecond laser, and the micro-nano structure on the q plate is in a shape which continuously changes along with a polar angle in the fast axis direction.
Optionally, in the device for electrically controlling and generating a vector light beam according to the above embodiment, the device further includes a driving generator, and a driving output end of the driving generator is connected to the phase retarder through a wire, and is used for supplying a voltage to the phase retarder.
Optionally, in the electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to the above embodiment, the driving generator is provided with a rotating button, and the rotating button is connected to the phase retarder through a wire and is used for controlling the magnitude of the voltage applied to the phase retarder under the control operation.
Optionally, in the electric control vector beam generating device according to the above embodiment, the phase retarder includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate, and conductive films are coated on inner sides of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate facing each other.
Alternatively, in the electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to the above embodiment, an alignment film for controlling the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is provided on a side of the conductive film facing the liquid crystal layer.
Optionally, in the electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to the above embodiment, a quarter-wave plate is further included between the phase retarder and the q-plate, and is used for changing a polarization state of light emitted from the phase retarder to form a fixed phase difference.
Optionally, in the device for electrically controlling generation of a vector light beam according to the above embodiment, the phase retarder includes a first phase retarder and a second phase retarder, the first phase retarder is disposed between the laser generator and the q-plate, and the second phase retarder is disposed between the first phase retarder and the q-plate.
Optionally, in the electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to the above embodiment, the quarter-wave plate includes a first quarter-wave plate and a second quarter-wave plate, the first quarter-wave plate is disposed between the first phase retarder and the second phase retarder, and the second quarter-wave plate is disposed between the second phase retarder and the q-plate.
Optionally, in the electrically controlled vector light beam generating device according to the above embodiment, a half-wave plate is further included between the second quarter-wave plate and the q-plate, and is configured to perform polarization processing on incident polarized light.
Optionally, in the above embodiment, the device for electrically generating a vector light beam further includes a polarizer disposed between the laser generator and the phase retarder, and configured to filter scattered light from incident laser light emitted from the laser generator to form linearly polarized light.
The automatically controlled generating device of vector light beam that this application embodiment provided, including the laser generator that produces incident laser, set up the phase delay ware that carries out phase delay processing to incident laser under the different voltages of the light-emitting side of laser generator, set up the q board that carries out vector polarization processing to the light beam after the phase delay processing of the one side of keeping away from laser generator at the phase delay ware to and set up the image device that is used for showing the facula that the light that jets out from the q board formed at the light-emitting side of q board. The micro-nano structure is etched on the glass plate by femtosecond laser to form the q plate, and the micro-nano structure on the q plate is in a shape which is continuously changed along with a polar angle in the fast axis direction, so that the segmentation phenomenon is avoided, the quality of emergent light is improved, the diffraction phenomenon can be effectively inhibited, and the conversion efficiency is improved. And through addding the phase delay ware, accessible adjustment voltage size is in order to change the phase delay and handle, has avoided the waste of the time and the energy that need manual regulation or change wave plate lead to among the prior art.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is appreciated that the following drawings depict only some embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for those skilled in the art will be able to derive additional related drawings therefrom without the benefit of the inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of an electric vector beam generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a super-surface q-plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase retarder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vector beam generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a position of an outgoing vector beam on a high-order poincare sphere according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an experimental result of the electric control vector beam generating device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 10-vector light beam electric control generating device; 100-a laser generator; 200-a phase retarder; 201-a first glass substrate; 202-a second glass substrate; 203-liquid crystal layer; 204-a conductive film; 205-alignment film; 210-a first phase retarder; 220-a second phase retarder; 300-q plates; 400-an imaging device; 500-a drive generator; 600-quarter wave plate; 610-a first quarter wave plate; 620-a second quarter wave plate; 700-half wave plate; 800-polarizer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrically controlled vector light beam generating apparatus 10, which includes a laser generator 100, a phase retarder 200, a q-plate 300, and an imaging device 400. The laser generator 100 is configured to generate incident laser, and the phase retarder 200 is disposed on a light emitting side of the laser generator 100 and configured to perform corresponding phase retardation processing on the incident laser at different voltages. The q-plate 300 is disposed on a side of the phase retarder 200 away from the laser generator 100, and is used for performing vector polarization processing on the light beam after the phase retardation processing. The imaging device 400 is disposed on the light exit side of the q-plate 300, and is used for presenting a light spot formed on the imaging device 400 by the light emitted from the q-plate 300.
Wherein the center points of the laser generator 100, the phase retarder 200, the q-plate 300, and the imaging device 400 are located on the same line.
In this embodiment, the q-plate 300 is formed by etching a micro-nano structure on a glass plate by using a femtosecond laser, and the micro-nano structure on the q-plate 300 has a shape that continuously changes with a polar angle in a fast axis direction thereof, as shown in fig. 2.
It should be noted that the q-plate 300 is a non-uniform anisotropic medium in which tiny liquid crystal cells are arranged according to a specific geometric pattern, the structure of the non-uniform anisotropic medium changes with the change of an azimuth angle, and the change of the azimuth angle of a microstructure can be essentially equivalent to the change of the optical axis direction of a local uniaxial crystal, so that the q-plate 300 can be regarded as a spatial non-uniformly distributed phase retarder or a wave plate in which a fast axis changes with the azimuth angle, and the regulation of the polarization state of an optical field can be realized through the artificially designed space-variant effective birefringence.
There are one or two specific directions in the crystal in which ordinary light propagates without birefringence, which is called the optic axis. At the interface of the crystal, the direction parallel to the optical axis is called the fast axis, and the direction perpendicular to the optical axis is called the slow axis.
In this embodiment, the q-plate 300 is a super-surface q-plate 300, the diameter of the micro-nano structure is about 8mm, and the depth of the micro-nano structure to be written is about 80 μm. Femtosecond laser can induce so-called form birefringence (form birefringence) in silica glass, and the magnitude of birefringence depends on factors such as energy and polarization of laser. By designing the geometric shape and spatial distribution of the microstructure units, the random control of the spatial distribution of the amplitude, the phase and the polarization of the light field can be realized. It should be noted that the sub-wavelength microstructure units allow one to locally manipulate the optical wave at the sub-wavelength scale and eliminate the effect of the high-order diffracted light on the quality of the optical field. Because the unit structure is in the sub-wavelength level, the high-level diffraction light spots can be inhibited, and therefore the super-surface q-plate 300 is adopted to control the polarization and the phase of light, and high conversion efficiency and good light beam quality can be obtained.
in fig. 2, which shows a super-surface q-plate 300, the fast axis direction exhibits a continuous variation with polar angle, and the fast axis direction α (the angle between the fast axis and the x axis to the right of the horizontal) can be expressed as:
wherein,representing a polar coordinate system, α 0 is a constant representingand q represents the topological charge number of the super-surface q-plate 300, and can be an integer or a half integer.
Further, on the basis, the phase retarder 200 is additionally arranged in the embodiment, and different phase delays can be presented by applying different voltages to the phase retarder 200, so that electric controllability is realized. The phase retarder 200 has excellent uniformity, low optical loss, small wavefront distortion, fast response time, wide temperature range of the operable environment, wide wavelength range, and the like. Therefore, the method is simpler and more effective and has higher flexibility.
Through the setting, utilize femto second laser sculpture micro-nano structure in order to form on the glass board q board 300, and the micro-nano structure on q board 300 presents the shape along with polar angle continuous variation in its fast axle direction, has avoided appearing the segmentation phenomenon, has improved the quality of emergent light, and can effectively restrain the diffraction phenomenon, improves conversion efficiency. And through addding phase delay ware 200, can change the phase delay processing through adjusting voltage size, avoided the waste of time and energy that needs manual regulation or change wave plate and lead to among the prior art.
In this embodiment, the electronic control generating device further includes a driving generator 500, and a driving output terminal of the driving generator 500 is connected to the phase retarder 200 through a wire, and is used for supplying a voltage to the phase retarder 200.
In this embodiment, the driving generator 500 is provided with a rotary button, and the rotary button is connected to the phase retarder 200 through a wire and used for controlling the magnitude of the voltage applied to the phase retarder 200 under the control operation. In specific implementation, the worker can apply different voltages to the phase retarder 200 according to actual requirements to perform different degrees of phase retardation processing on the incident laser. Alternatively, different magnitudes of applied voltage may be selected by actuating a rotary button on generator 500.
Alternatively, the phase retarder 200 may be composed of a transparent liquid crystal cell filled with a liquid crystal molecular solution, and may be used as a variable wave plate. Referring to fig. 3, the phase retarder 200 includes a first glass substrate 201, a second glass substrate 202, and a liquid crystal layer 203 disposed between the first glass substrate 201 and the second glass substrate 202, and a conductive film 204 is coated on inner sides of the first glass substrate 201 and the second glass substrate 202 facing each other. One end of the wire connected to the driving generator 500 is connected to the conductive film 204, so that the voltage supplied from the driving generator 500 can be received by the conductive film 204 and applied to each liquid crystal molecule of the liquid crystal layer 203. The liquid crystal molecules change their arrangement when a voltage is applied, wherein the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied is shown in fig. 3 (a). Fig. 3(b) shows an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 203 when a constant voltage is applied.
In the present embodiment, an alignment film 205 is disposed on a side of the conductive film 204 facing the liquid crystal layer 203, and the alignment film 205 is used for controlling the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 203 when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 203. The alignment film 205 is an organic Polyimide (PI) film layer, molecules of which are aligned along a rubbing direction during manufacturing.
When no voltage is applied, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is determined by the alignment film 205, and when an ac voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules change the default alignment direction according to the applied voltage. Thus, varying the applied voltage can actively control the delay of the phase retarder 200. In the nematic phase, liquid crystal molecules are aligned and stretched to form optical anisotropy. When an electric field is applied, the molecules align along the electric field and the level of birefringence is controlled entirely by the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules.
In this embodiment, the electric control generating device further includes a quarter-wave plate 600 disposed between the phase retarder 200 and the q-plate 300, and the quarter-wave plate 600 is used for changing the polarization state of the light emitted from the phase retarder 200 to form a fixed phase difference.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, specifically, the phase retarder 200 includes a first phase retarder 210 and a second phase retarder 220, the first phase retarder 210 is disposed between the laser generator 100 and the q-plate 300, and the second phase retarder 220 is disposed between the first phase retarder 210 and the q-plate 300. The quarter wave plate 600 includes a first quarter wave plate 610 and a second quarter wave plate 620, the first quarter wave plate 610 is disposed between the first phase retarder 210 and the second phase retarder 220, and the second quarter wave plate 620 is disposed between the second phase retarder 220 and the q-plate 300.
Further, the electric control generating device further comprises a half-wave plate 700 disposed between the second quarter-wave plate 620 and the q-plate 300, wherein the half-wave plate 700 is used for polarization processing of the incident polarized light.
Further, in this embodiment, the electrically controlled generating device further includes a polarizer 800 disposed between the laser generator 100 and the phase retarder 200. Optionally, the polarizer 800 is disposed between the laser generator 100 and the first phase retarder 210, and the polarizer 800 is configured to filter out scattered light from the incident laser light emitted from the laser generator 100 to form linearly polarized light.
In this embodiment, the laser generator 100 may employ a 25MW He-Ne laser that generates a Gaussian beam with a wavelength of 633 nm. After the generated gaussian beam passes through the polarizer 800, the beam becomes polarized light, wherein the optical axis direction of the polarizer 800 controls the polarization state of the light. In this embodiment, the fast axis direction of the polarizer 800 can be kept horizontal, so that horizontally polarized light can be generated.
The light beam may then sequentially pass through the first phase retarder 210, the first quarter-wave plate 610, the second phase retarder 220, and the second quarter-wave plate 620, wherein the fast axis directions of the first phase retarder 210, the first quarter-wave plate 610, the second phase retarder 220, and the second quarter-wave plate 620 are 45 °,0 °, 45 ° in sequence. And, the phase delays of the first phase retarder 210 and the second phase retarder 220 are φ 1 and φ 2, respectively. Where φ 1 is the latitude of the position of the outgoing vector beam on the high-order Poincare sphere, φ 2 is the longitude of the position of the outgoing vector beam on the high-order Poincare sphere, please refer to FIG. 5. The phase delays of the first phase retarder 210 and the second phase retarder 220 can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the voltage applied thereto, thereby generating different vector beams.
The light emitted from the second quarter wave plate 620 passes through the half wave plate 700 and the q-plate 300 in sequence, and finally is incident on the imaging device 400 to form a light spot. Finally, the spot image is recorded on the imaging device 400 to be observed.
With the above arrangement, when the corresponding wave plate and the corresponding device are arranged as shown in fig. 4, it is not necessary to adjust the position of the wave plate and the direction of the fast axis of rotation again, and it is only necessary to rotate the rotation button on the driving generator 500 to correspondingly control the voltages applied to the first phase retarder 210 and the second phase retarder 220.
In the present embodiment, by using the phase retarder 200 in combination with the super-surface q-plate 300, it is achieved that arbitrary vector beams are generated on the high-order poincare sphere in an electrically controlled manner, and at the same time, the mutual conversion of spin orbit angular momentum is achieved. The scheme is efficient and easy to implement, the light spot effect is good, and the scheme is intuitive and easy to understand, in order to realize the vector light beam of any point on the high-order poincare sphere, only the latitude and longitude of the point need to be known, the relation phi 1-pi/2-theta and phi 2-phi of the phase delay of the first phase retarder 210 and the second phase retarder 220 to the coordinate of the high-order poincare utilized, wherein theta is the latitude on the high-order poincare sphere, and phi is the longitude on the high-order poincare sphere (please refer to fig. 5 in combination), the specific phase delay of the two phase retarders 200 can be obtained, and the required vector light beam can be obtained by adjusting the voltage according to the corresponding relation of the voltage and the phase delay.
In order to make the technical scheme of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical scheme provided by the present application is tested as follows:
for forming theoretical experimental comparison, the Stokes parameters of each group of light spots are measuredAnd observing the polarization state distribution. Referring to FIG. 6, the first row in FIG. 6 is a graph of theoretical intensity and polarization distributions for (1,0,0), (-1,0,0), (0,1,0) and (0, -1,0) on a high-order Poincare sphere. The second row is the experimental intensity and polarization state profiles of (1,0,0), (-1,0,0), (0,1,0) and (0, -1,0) on the high order Poincare sphere. The third row is (0,0,1), (0,0, -1) on the high-order poincare sphere,Theoretical intensity and polarization state profiles. The fourth row is (0,0,1), (0,0, -1) on the high-order Poincare sphere, Experimental intensity and polarization state profiles of (a).
To generate different vector beams, only the rotation knob on the driving generator 500 needs to be adjusted to control the voltage applied to the first phase retarder 210 and the second phase retarder 220, and the rest does not need to be adjusted again. In conjunction with the relationship of the phase delay of the phase retarder 200 to the voltage, we can generate eight special points on the high-order poincare sphere according to the voltages as follows:
(1,0,0): first phase retarder 210-14.1V; second phase delay device 220-14.1V
(-1,0,0): first phase retarder 210-14.1V; second phase retarder 220-1.51V
(0,1,0): first phase retarder 210-14.1V; second phase retarder 220-2.19V
(0, -1,0) the first phase retarder 210-14.1V; second phase retarder 220-1.19V
(0,0,1): first phase retarder 210-2.19V; second phase retarder 220-2.19V
(0,0, -1): first phase retarder 210-1.19V; second phase retarder 220-2.19V
First phase retarder 210-3.4V; second phase retarder 220-2.19V
First phase retarder 210-11.08V; second phase retarder 220-2.19V
Therefore, with the electrically controlled generating device provided in this embodiment, the phase delay process can be changed by directly adjusting the voltage values applied to the first phase retarder 210 and the second phase retarder 220, so as to obtain different vector beams. Compared with the prior art that the wave plate needs to be manually adjusted or replaced, the method is more convenient and quicker.
In summary, the electronically controlled vector light beam generating device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a laser generator 100 generating incident laser light, a phase retarder 200 disposed on the light emitting side of the laser generator 100 and performing phase retardation processing on the incident laser light at different voltages, a q-plate 300 disposed on the side of the phase retarder 200 away from the laser generator 100 and performing vector polarization processing on the phase-delayed light beam, and an imaging device 400 disposed on the light emitting side of the q-plate 300 and used for presenting a light spot formed by light emitted from the q-plate 300. The micro-nano structure is etched on the glass plate by femtosecond laser to form the q plate 300, and the micro-nano structure on the q plate 300 is in a shape which is continuously changed along with a polar angle in the fast axis direction, so that the segmentation phenomenon is avoided, the quality of emergent light is improved, the diffraction phenomenon can be effectively inhibited, and the conversion efficiency is improved. And through addding phase delay ware 200, can change the phase delay processing through adjusting voltage size, avoided the waste of time and energy that needs manual regulation or change wave plate and lead to among the prior art.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be construed broadly and, for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise. Either mechanically or electrically. They may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electrically controlled vector beam generating device, comprising:
a laser generator for generating incident laser light;
the phase retarder is arranged on the light emitting side of the laser generator and used for carrying out corresponding phase retardation processing on the incident laser under different voltages;
the q plate is arranged on one side, far away from the laser generator, of the phase retarder and used for carrying out vector polarization processing on the light beam subjected to the phase retardation processing;
the imaging device is arranged on the light emergent side of the q plate and used for presenting light spots formed on the imaging device by the light emitted from the q plate;
wherein, the laser generator, the phase retarder, the q plate and the central point of the imaging device are positioned on the same straight line;
the q plate is formed by etching a micro-nano structure on a glass plate by using femtosecond laser, and the micro-nano structure on the q plate is in a shape which continuously changes along with a polar angle in the fast axis direction.
2. An electrically controlled vector beam generator according to claim 1, further comprising a drive generator, a drive output of said drive generator being connected to said phase retarder via a wire for supplying a voltage to said phase retarder.
3. An electrically controlled vector beam generator according to claim 2, wherein said drive generator is provided with a rotary button, said rotary button is connected to said phase retarder via a wire, and is used for controlling the magnitude of the voltage applied to said phase retarder under the control operation.
4. An electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to claim 1, wherein said phase retarder comprises a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate and a liquid crystal layer between said first glass substrate and said second glass substrate, and conductive films are coated on inner sides of said first glass substrate and said second glass substrate facing each other.
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein an alignment film is disposed on a side of the conductive film facing the liquid crystal layer, the alignment film being configured to control an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal molecules.
6. The electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to claim 1, further comprising a quarter-wave plate between said phase retarder and said q-plate for changing the polarization state of the light exiting from said phase retarder to form a fixed phase difference.
7. The device for electrically controlling generation of a vector beam according to claim 6, wherein the phase retarder comprises a first phase retarder and a second phase retarder, the first phase retarder is disposed between the laser generator and the q-plate, and the second phase retarder is disposed between the first phase retarder and the q-plate.
8. The electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to claim 7, wherein said quarter wave plate comprises a first quarter wave plate and a second quarter wave plate, said first quarter wave plate being disposed between said first phase retarder and said second phase retarder, said second quarter wave plate being disposed between said second phase retarder and said q-plate.
9. An electrically controlled vector beam generating device according to claim 8, further comprising a half-wave plate disposed between said second quarter-wave plate and said q-plate for polarizing the incident polarized light.
10. The device for electrically controlling generation of a vector light beam according to claim 1, further comprising a polarizer disposed between the laser generator and the phase retarder for filtering scattered light from the incident laser light emitted from the laser generator to form linearly polarized light.
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