CN109100783B - Azimuth reflection angle domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion method and system - Google Patents
Azimuth reflection angle domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for inversion of Gaussian beam chromatography in an azimuth reflection angle domain. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam offset; identifying a normal direction of the in-phase axis on the offset profile; selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the snell's law with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather; and performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection by using the selected azimuth reflection angle to realize the inversion of the Gaussian beam tomography in the azimuth angle domain. According to the invention, the azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is provided through Gaussian beam migration, and the mirror image path of the tomography back projection is optimized in combination with the normal direction of the in-phase axis of the migration profile, so that the inversion accuracy is improved and the calculation efficiency is improved compared with the conventional tomography.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of seismic exploration velocity modeling, and particularly relates to an azimuth reflection angle domain Gaussian beam chromatographic velocity modeling technology which can be applied to seismic data processing in petroleum geophysical exploration.
Background
The gaussian beam tomographic inversion technique takes the prestack depth migration profile and the common image point gathers as inputs. The common imaging point gathers have various arrangements according to different offset algorithms, wherein the common imaging point gathers in offset range are the most common. However, the offset domain common imaging point gather extracts the gather by the earth surface offset, so that the problem of multipath exists in the complex construction situation, and the earth surface azimuth and the actual azimuth of the underground imaging point have great difference, which is not beneficial to the tomography inversion.
In the conventional offset range domain Gaussian beam tomography, an offset range domain imaging gather is utilized to carry out tomography back projection, and the problem of multipath exists under the condition of complex construction, so that inversion artifacts are brought, and the inversion efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to utilize the incident angle and the azimuth angle provided by an angle domain common imaging point gather and optimally select mirror reflection according with the snell's law by combining the normal direction of a reflection in-phase axis to carry out chromatography back projection, thereby controlling a chromatography mirror back projection path, reducing chromatography inversion false images and improving chromatography inversion efficiency.
The invention provides a method for inverting orientation reflection angle domain Gaussian beam chromatography aiming at the problem of speed modeling of a complex structure, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam offset;
identifying a normal direction of the in-phase axis on the offset profile;
selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the snell's law with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather;
and performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection by using the selected azimuth reflection angle to realize the inversion of the Gaussian beam tomography in the azimuth angle domain.
Further, the velocity model obtained by the azimuth angle domain gaussian beam tomography inversion can be used for gaussian beam migration for the next round of iterative inversion.
Further, when the reflection center line defined by the azimuth reflection angle is coincident with or close to the normal direction of the in-phase axis, the specular reflection whose azimuth reflection angle conforms to snell's law is determined.
Furthermore, the included angle between the two directions is obtained by taking the vector inner product of the normal direction of the in-phase axis and the direction of the reflection center line defined by the azimuth reflection angle, and whether the azimuth reflection angle accords with the mirror reflection of the snell's law is judged.
Further, the normal direction of the in-phase axis is represented as γ ═ (γ ═ y)1,γ2,γ3)，γ1,γ2,γ3Respectively representing three unit components in a space coordinate system; the direction of the reflection centerline defined by each azimuth-reflection angle combination of the azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is denoted as ν ═ v (ν)1,ν2,ν3)，ν1,ν2,ν3Respectively representing three unit components in a spatial coordinate system；
Vector inner products are made in two directions: θ ═ arccos (γ · ν) ═ arccos (γ ═ α1ν1+γ2ν2+γ3ν3) And solving an included angle between the two directions, wherein when the included angle is smaller than a threshold value, the azimuth reflection angle accords with the mirror reflection of the snell's law.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an azimuth reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomography inversion system, the system comprising:
a memory storing computer-executable instructions;
a processor executing computer executable instructions in the memory to perform the steps of:
obtaining an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam offset;
identifying a normal direction of the in-phase axis on the offset profile;
selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the snell's law with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather;
and performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection by using the selected azimuth reflection angle to realize the inversion of the Gaussian beam tomography in the azimuth angle domain.
According to the invention, the azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is provided through Gaussian beam migration, and the mirror image path of the tomography back projection is optimized in combination with the normal direction of the in-phase axis of the migration profile, so that the inversion accuracy is improved and the calculation efficiency is improved compared with the conventional tomography.
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The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in greater detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 shows the in-phase axis normal direction γ and the reflection centerline direction v defined by the azimuth reflection angle gather.
FIG. 2 shows an azimuth reflection angle imaging gather of a Gaussian beam offset output of a real data.
FIG. 3 illustrates a conventional offset range domain Gaussian beam tomographic inversion model in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 shows a corresponding migration profile of a conventional offset range domain Gaussian beam tomographic inversion model in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 shows an azimuth angle domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion model in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 shows a corresponding migration profile of an azimuthal-angular-domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion model in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 shows a comparison of the computational efficiency of conventional offset domain Gaussian beam tomography and azimuthal reflection angle domain tomography in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the inversion method of the azimuthal reflection angle domain Gaussian beam tomography of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In the conventional offset range domain Gaussian beam tomography, an offset range domain imaging gather is utilized to carry out tomography back projection, and the problem of multipath exists under the condition of complex construction, so that inversion artifacts are brought, and the inversion efficiency is influenced. The invention aims to utilize the incident angle and the azimuth angle provided by an angle domain common imaging point gather and optimally select mirror reflection according with the snell's law by combining the normal direction of a reflection in-phase axis to carry out chromatography back projection, thereby controlling a chromatography mirror back projection path, reducing chromatography inversion false images and improving chromatography inversion efficiency.
The azimuth reflection angle domain Gaussian beam tomography technology directly utilizes an incident angle and an azimuth angle provided by an angle domain common imaging point gather, preferably selects mirror reflection according with the Snell's law (the incident angle is equal to the reflection angle) by combining the normal direction of a reflection homophase axis to carry out tomography back projection, only emits Gaussian beams with corresponding angles to carry out tomography inversion, and avoids inversion false images caused by multipath under complex structures. Moreover, the angle domain chromatography inversion process does not need to match the ground surface offset distance, the back projection number is greatly less than the ray number of the conventional chromatography, the implementation process is more efficient, and the Gaussian beam chromatography inversion efficiency is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 8, the present disclosure proposes an azimuth reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomography inversion method, which includes:
obtaining an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam offset;
identifying a normal direction of the in-phase axis on the offset profile;
selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the snell's law with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather;
and performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection by using the selected azimuth reflection angle to realize the inversion of the Gaussian beam tomography in the azimuth angle domain.
Specifically, a Gaussian beam offset is used to obtain an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather as input for subsequent tomography.
And (3) extracting an azimuth reflection angle imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam migration, and obtaining different azimuth-reflection angle combinations of underground imaging points. Since the migration process is outputting both the migration profile and the azimuth reflection angle imaging gathers, the normal direction of the in-phase axis on the migration profile is not known in advance. The output azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is the combination of all possible azimuth angles and reflection angles, for example, 360 samples of 360 degrees of azimuth angles are taken by 1 degree, 180 samples of 180 degrees of reflection angles are taken by 1 degree, and the combination of 360X180 is 64800. Conventional tomosynthesis is a tomographic backprojection according to these 64800 combined traversals. In fact, most of these combinations are not fit into snell's law, i.e. do not form true reflection paths (specular reflection), resulting in a large number of useless back-projection calculations.
The normal direction of the in-phase axis is then identified on the offset profile. The normal direction of the in-phase axis may be identified using automatic pick-up techniques or manual interpretation.
And then selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather and forms a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which accords with the Snell's law (the incident angle is equal to the reflection angle, namely the reflection central line defined by the azimuth reflection angle is consistent with the normal direction of the in-phase axis). Preferably, the specular reflection whose azimuth reflection angle conforms to snell's law is determined when a reflection center line defined by the azimuth reflection angle coincides with the in-phase axis normal direction.
Preferably, the included angle between the two directions is obtained by taking the vector inner product of the normal direction of the in-phase axis and the direction of the reflection center line defined by the azimuth reflection angle, and whether the azimuth reflection angle accords with the mirror reflection of the snell's law is judged. Let the normal direction of the synchrodyne axis be expressed as γ ═ γ (γ)1,γ2,γ3)，γ1,γ2,γ3Respectively representing three unit components in a space coordinate system; the direction of the reflection centerline defined by each azimuth-reflection angle combination of the azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is assumed to be denoted as v ═ v (v)1,ν2,ν3)，ν1,ν2,ν3Which respectively represent three unit components in a spatial coordinate system, as shown in fig. 1. And (3) making vector inner products of the two directions, and solving an included angle between the two directions: θ ═ arccos (γ · ν) ═ arccos (γ ═ α1ν1+γ2ν2+γ3ν3). Only when the included angle between the two directions is smaller than a certain threshold value (close to 0 degrees), the azimuth reflection angle is considered to be the mirror reflection according with the snell's law, and the mirror reflection angle is used for subsequent chromatographic back projection.
And finally, after determining that the reflection path defined by the current azimuth reflection angle accords with the snell's law, performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection along the path to realize the Gaussian beam tomography of the azimuth angle domain. Because the Gaussian beam tomography of the azimuth angle domain only carries out back projection mirror reflection, and the ground surface offset distance does not need to be matched, the efficiency is higher.
The velocity model obtained by the Gaussian beam tomography inversion can be used for Gaussian beam migration to perform the next round of iterative inversion until a final result is output.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an azimuth reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomography inversion system, the system comprising:
a memory storing computer-executable instructions;
a processor executing computer executable instructions in the memory to perform the steps of:
obtaining an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam offset;
identifying a normal direction of the in-phase axis on the offset profile;
selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the snell's law with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather;
and performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection by using the selected azimuth reflection angle to realize the inversion of the Gaussian beam tomography in the azimuth angle domain.
To facilitate understanding of the solution of the embodiments of the present invention and the effects thereof, a specific application example is given below. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this example is merely for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention and that any specific details thereof are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Fig. 2 shows an azimuth reflection angle gather corresponding to a CDP position extracted after gaussian beam shifting of actual data, in which azimuths are divided into 8, reflection angles corresponding to each azimuth are divided into 60, and sampling intervals are 1 °.
A conventional offset domain gaussian beam tomographic inversion model is shown in fig. 3. FIG. 4 shows a corresponding migration profile of a conventional migration distance domain Gaussian beam tomographic inversion model. FIG. 5 shows an azimuth-angle domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion model of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a corresponding migration profile of the inversion model of azimuthal-angular domain Gaussian beam tomography according to the present invention. FIG. 7 shows the computational efficiency of conventional offset domain Gaussian beam tomography compared to the azimuthal reflection angle domain Gaussian beam tomography of the present invention.
According to the invention, the azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is provided through Gaussian beam migration, and the mirror image path of the tomography back projection is optimized in combination with the normal direction of the in-phase axis of the migration profile, so that the inversion accuracy is improved and the calculation efficiency is improved compared with the conventional tomography.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An azimuth reflection angle domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam offset;
identifying a normal direction of the in-phase axis on the offset profile;
selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the snell's law with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather;
performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection by using the selected azimuth reflection angle to realize azimuth angle domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion;
the included angle between the two directions is obtained by taking the vector inner product of the normal direction of the in-phase axis and the direction of the reflection center line defined by the azimuth reflection angle, and whether the azimuth reflection angle accords with the mirror reflection of the snell's law is judged.
2. The azimuthal reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomographic inversion method according to claim 1, wherein a velocity model obtained by the azimuthal angle domain gaussian beam tomographic inversion can be used for gaussian beam migration for next round of iterative inversion.
3. The method of azimuthal reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomographic inversion according to claim 1, wherein when a reflection centerline defined by the azimuthal reflection angle is coincident with or close to the normal direction of the in-phase axis, a specular reflection whose azimuthal reflection angle complies with snell's law is determined.
4. The azimuthal reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomographic inversion method according to claim 1, wherein a normal direction of the in-phase axis is expressed as γ ═ (γ ═ y)1,γ2,γ3)，γ1,γ2,γ3Respectively representing three unit components in a space coordinate system; the direction of the reflection centerline defined by each azimuth-reflection angle combination of the azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is denoted as ν ═ v (ν)1,ν2,ν3)，ν1,ν2,ν3Respectively representing three unit components in a space coordinate system;
vector inner products are made in two directions: θ ═ arccos (γ · ν) ═ arccos (γ ═ α1ν1+γ2ν2+γ3ν3) And solving an included angle between the two directions, wherein when the included angle is smaller than a threshold value, the azimuth reflection angle accords with the mirror reflection of the snell's law.
5. An azimuthal reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomography inversion system, comprising:
a memory storing computer-executable instructions;
a processor executing computer executable instructions in the memory to perform the steps of:
obtaining an offset profile and an azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather by utilizing Gaussian beam offset;
identifying a normal direction of the in-phase axis on the offset profile;
selecting a mirror image azimuth reflection angle which is in line with the snell's law with the normal direction of the in-phase axis from the azimuth reflection angle domain imaging gather;
performing Gaussian beam tomography back projection by using the selected azimuth reflection angle to realize azimuth angle domain Gaussian beam tomography inversion;
the included angle between the two directions is obtained by taking the vector inner product of the normal direction of the in-phase axis and the direction of the reflection center line defined by the azimuth reflection angle, and whether the azimuth reflection angle accords with the mirror reflection of the snell's law is judged.
6. The azimuth reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomographic inversion system of claim 5, wherein a velocity model obtained by the azimuth angle domain gaussian beam tomographic inversion can be used for gaussian beam migration for next round of iterative inversion.
7. The azimuthal reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomography inversion system of claim 5, wherein specular reflections are determined for which the azimuthal reflection angle complies with snell's law when the reflection centerline defined by the azimuthal reflection angle coincides with or is close to the in-phase axis normal direction.
8. The azimuthal reflection angle domain gaussian beam tomography inversion system of claim 5 wherein the normal direction of the in-phase axis is expressed as γ ═ (γ ═ y)1,γ2,γ3)，γ1,γ2,γ3Respectively representing three unit components in a space coordinate system; the direction of the reflection centerline defined by each azimuth-reflection angle combination of the azimuth reflection angle imaging gather is denoted as ν ═ v (ν)1,ν2,ν3)，ν1,ν2,ν3Respectively representing three unit components in a space coordinate system;
vector inner products are made in two directions: θ ═ arccos (γ · ν) ═ arccos (γ ═ α1ν1+γ2ν2+γ3ν3) And solving an included angle between the two directions, wherein when the included angle is smaller than a threshold value, the azimuth reflection angle accords with the mirror reflection of the snell's law.
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