CN109100567A - Synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method - Google Patents
Synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109100567A CN109100567A CN201810686061.6A CN201810686061A CN109100567A CN 109100567 A CN109100567 A CN 109100567A CN 201810686061 A CN201810686061 A CN 201810686061A CN 109100567 A CN109100567 A CN 109100567A
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- cavity
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- synchrocyclotron
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method, it is related to synchrocyclotron technical field, the test method step includes: that the motor pattern of selection rotation capacitor is mode position, the fixed circumferential movement of step angle is set, synchrocyclotron cavity is performed a scan to obtain cavity eigenfrequency section f1~f2；Choose the frequency values f in cavity eigenfrequency0, stop rotating capacitance driver；Cavity coupled capacitor is adjusted, so that in f0Locate S in the S parameter of cavity11Less than -15dB；Setting signal source frequency is f0, power 10dBm, continuous mode, and the coupled end that signal is connected to cavity is output it, while cavity capacitor sampling signal is connected to oscillograph；The motor pattern for choosing rotation capacitor is velocity mode, and rotation capacitor revolving speed is promoted to design speed；It is the modulating frequency of synchrocyclotron using time interval the Δ X, 1/ Δ X between the spike of oscillograph test sampling cavity body capacitance sampled signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to synchrocyclotron technical fields, more specifically, it relates to a kind of synchrocyclotron
Modulating frequency test method.
Background technique
Cyclotron is so that charged particle is made circumnutation jointly using magnetic field and electric field, during exercise through high-frequency electric field
The device accelerated repeatedly is the important instrument in high-energy physics.
Existing cyclotron, primary structure are that two semicircular metal flat boxes are arranged in vacuum chamber between magnetic pole
(D shape box) separates staggered relatively, and on D-shaped box plus alternating voltage, gap location generates alternating electric field.It is placed in the particle source at center
Generate charged particle shoot out, by electric field acceleration, not by electric field force in D-shaped box, only between by magnetic pole magnetic field Lorentz force,
It is circled in vertical magnetic field plane.The time of detour half-turn is π m/qB, and wherein parameter q is particle charging, and m is particle
Quality, B is the magnetic induction intensity in magnetic field.If the frequency of added alternating voltage is exactly equal to particle in magnetic field on D-shaped box
In the frequency that circles, then just catching up with voltage direction on D-shaped box after particle detour half-turn and changing, particle is still in accelerating shape
State.Since the time of above-mentioned particle detour half-turn is unrelated with the speed of particle, the every detour half-turn of particle is once accelerated,
Detour radius increases.By accelerating many times, particle is drawn along spiral path from D-shaped box edge, and energy is up to tens electricity
Sub- volt (MeV).But with the increase of particle rapidity, according to relativistic effect, the quality of particle will also be will increase, particle around
The row period is elongated, to be gradually deviated from the acceleration mode of alternating electric field.Accelerate to solve the above problems, there is synchronous convolution
Device.
Synchrocyclotron (synchrocyclotron) is the limit energy in order to overcome above-mentioned classical cyclotron
The limitation of amount and the Clothoid type accelerator to grow up, also known as phasotron or frequency modulated cyclotron.It and classics circle round
The main distinction of accelerator is to use frequency modulation technology, during keeping particle accelerated, cavity (chamber where accelerating field)
Frequency with the synchronous decline of cyclotron frequency of particle, to keep resonance acceleration environment, and then breach above-mentioned classical convolution and accelerate
Relativistic mass increases the limitation to energy is improved in device.
In the application of synchrocyclotron, after a certain particle beam is drawn, cavity frequency is quickly adjusted back to just
Begin to accelerate frequency, the acceleration of a branch of group under continuing.Ion is periodically accelerated the corresponding time to modulate the time, and inverse is
For modulating frequency.The variation of synchrocyclotron cavity frequency generally passes through periodically rotation capacitor and realizes.Based on above-mentioned
It introduces as can be seen that the corresponding frequency modulation technology of cavity frequency, accurate application can be big in the control of synchrocyclotron
The big performance for promoting synchrocyclotron, it can be seen that, the test of synchrocyclotron modulating frequency is particularly significant.When
Before, the test of above-mentioned modulating frequency is usually measured indirectly by modes such as resonant tank parameter testings, and test process
There is interference to test result for middle cavity eigenfrequency, finally make test result error larger.
Summary of the invention
For defect present in practice, it is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of synchrocyclotron modulating frequencies
Test method can be realized the direct test to modulating frequency, to verify whether modulating frequency meets synchrocyclotron
Design requirement, concrete scheme are as follows:
A kind of synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method is periodically revolved based on being arranged in synchrocyclotron cavity
Turning capacitor and rotation capacitance driver, the rotation capacitor includes rotating capacitor rotor blade and rotation capacitor stator vane,
Include the following steps:
1) motor pattern for choosing rotation capacitor is mode position, and setting step angle is 0.5 ° -2 ° of circumferential movement, adjacent two
Secondary movement space setting time, at the same using Network Analyzer to synchrocyclotron cavity carry out S parameter frequency scanning,
The entire eigenfrequency section of cavity is obtained, f is denoted as1~f2；
2) cavity eigenfrequency section f is chosen1~f2In close to intermediate frequency a frequency values f0, stop rotating capacitance driver；
3) cavity coupled capacitor is adjusted, so that in f0Locate S in the S parameter of cavity11Less than -15dB；
4) setting signal source frequency is f0, power 10dBm, continuous mode, and output it the coupling that signal is connected to cavity
End, while cavity capacitor sampling signal is connected to oscillograph, to rotation capacitor vacuum chamber, rotation capacitor vacuum chamber is true
Reciprocal of duty cycle is not higher than 0.1mbar；
5) motor pattern for choosing rotation capacitor is velocity mode, and rotation capacitor revolving speed is promoted to design speed steadily；
6) using the time interval Δ x between the spike of oscillograph scale functional test sampling cavity body capacitance sampled signal and its
Several 1/ Δ x, 1/ Δ x are the modulating frequency of synchrocyclotron.
Further, in the step 1), the adjacent setting time of movement space twice of rotation capacitor rotor blade is to fix
Value 4-6s.
Further, in the step 4), setting oscillograph input signal port internal resistance is 50 ohm.
Further, in the step 5), the acceleration of the rotation capacitor is 40-70rpm/s.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
By being detected to cavity eigenfrequency and using cavity coupled capacitor is adjusted, reduce cavity eigenfrequency to measurement
As a result influence guarantees that the modulating frequency result directly measured is accurate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is synchrocyclotron cavity body structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test layouts figure；
Fig. 3 is synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test curve figure.
Fig. 4 is synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test curve figure.
Appended drawing reference: 1, coupled end；2, coupled capacitor；3, Dee plate；4, main vacuum chamber；5, short-circuit end；6, rotation capacitor is true
Empty room；7, capacitor stator is rotated；8, capacitor rotor is rotated；9, shaft.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and figure, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention not only limit
In this.
As shown in Figure 1, being synchrocyclotron cavity body structure schematic diagram, using the structure of half-wavelength, head is coupling
End 1, Dee plate 3 and main vacuum chamber 4 form coupled capacitor 2 between coupled end 1 and Dee plate 3, the rotation of tail portion is connected by transmission line
Turn capacitor and its rotation capacitor vacuum chamber 6.It is two layers that tail portion, which rotates 7 blade of capacitor stator, and rotation 8 blade of capacitor rotor is one
Layer, 8 vanes shaft 9 of rotation capacitor rotor and rotation capacitance driver transmission connection, rotate 7 blade of capacitor stator and electric rotating
Hold the axial distance that 8 blade of rotor has setting, the change of cavity equivalent capacity is completed by the rotation of rotation 8 blade of capacitor rotor
Change, and then realizes the modulation of cavity frequency.In a practical situation, the stem high-voltage end of Dee plate 3 and tail portion in cyclotron
High-voltage end is connected by transmission line.
As shown in Fig. 2, being synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test layouts figure, shaft 9 and rotation capacitance driver connect
It connects, above-mentioned rotation capacitance driver includes motor, and motor is connect with motor driver and controlling terminal.Rotate capacitor vacuum chamber
6 connect through bellows with a vacuum pump, realize the vacuum of rotation capacitor vacuum chamber 6.Signal source and oscillograph pass through transmission line
It is connect with cavity.
As shown in Figure 1, synchrocyclotron further includes short-circuit end 5 (interior bar), it is weaker which is arranged in electric field
Position, short-circuit end 5 can be equivalent to inductance, and short-circuit end 5 increases corresponding inductance and increases, then its resonance constituted with rotation capacitor
The resonance frequency in circuit is smaller, reduces conversely, 5 length of short-circuit end reduces corresponding inductance, resonance frequency increases.
Based on the structure of above-mentioned synchrocyclotron, modulating frequency test method of the present invention includes the following steps:
1) motor pattern for choosing rotation capacitor is mode position, the circumferential movement that step angle is 0.5 ° -2 ° is arranged, preferably
1 °, adjacent movement space setting time twice, in the present invention, the above-mentioned time is set as fixed value 4-6s, preferably 5s, simultaneously
Carrying out S parameter to synchrocyclotron cavity using Network Analyzer, (S parameter is built upon incidence wave, back wave relationship base
Network parameter on plinth) frequency scanning, obtain the entire eigenfrequency section of cavity, be denoted as f1~f2；
2) the frequency values f0 in cavity eigenfrequency section f1~f2 close to intermediate frequency, the capacitor that stops rotating driving are chosen
Device；
3) cavity coupled capacitor 2 is adjusted, so that the S in the S parameter of cavity at the f011Less than -15dB；
4) setting signal source frequency is f0, power 10dBm, continuous mode, and output it the coupling that signal is connected to cavity
End 1, while cavity capacitor sampling signal (sampled signal is capacitor board, the coupled end 1 in Fig. 1) is connected to oscillograph, to rotation
Turn capacitor vacuum chamber 6 to vacuumize, rotation 6 vacuum degree of capacitor vacuum chamber is not higher than 0.1mbar；
5) motor pattern for choosing rotation capacitor is velocity mode, and rotation capacitor revolving speed is promoted to design speed steadily, wherein
The acceleration for rotating capacitor is 40-70rpm/s；
6) using the time interval Δ x between the spike of oscillograph scale functional test sampling cavity body capacitance sampled signal and its
Several 1/ Δ x, 1/ Δ x are the modulating frequency of synchrocyclotron (referring to Fig. 3).
In step 1), the adjacent setting of circular motion twice fixed interval time, main reason is that being revolved when moving every time
Turn capacitance driver, if the movement of stepper motor needs the response time (usually 1s or so) of certain length, and network analysis
Also the regular hour in need carries out the preparation of analysis to instrument, selects 4-6s here, ensure that rotation capacitor is adjacent and move it twice
Between will not influence each other, guarantee movement precision, combine the efficiency of test.
In step 5), in rotation capacitive motion, the acceleration for rotating capacitor is preferably 50rpm/s, and acceleration is too fast,
Step motion has apparent overshoot phenomenon, and 1 ° of stepping of stabilization time is longer；Acceleration is spent slowly, and not only motor reaction can be very
Slowly, efficiency is influenced.
Further, in the step 4), setting oscillograph input signal port internal resistance is 50 ohm.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method, periodical based on being arranged in synchrocyclotron cavity
Capacitor and rotation capacitance driver are rotated, the rotation capacitor includes rotation capacitor rotor (8) blade and rotation capacitor stator
(7) blade, which comprises the steps of:
1) motor pattern for choosing rotation capacitor is mode position, and setting step angle is 0.5 ° -2 ° of circumferential movement, adjacent two
Secondary movement space setting time, at the same using Network Analyzer to synchrocyclotron cavity carry out S parameter frequency scanning,
The entire eigenfrequency section of cavity is obtained, f is denoted as1~f2；
2) cavity eigenfrequency section f is chosen1~f2In close to intermediate frequency a frequency values f0, stop rotating capacitance driver；
3) cavity coupled capacitor (2) are adjusted, so that in f0Locate S in the S parameter of cavity11Less than -15dB；
4) setting signal source frequency is f0, power 10dBm, continuous mode, and output it the coupled end that signal is connected to cavity
(1), it while by cavity capacitor sampling signal is connected to oscillograph, rotation capacitor vacuum chamber (6) is vacuumized, rotates capacitor vacuum
Room (6) vacuum degree is not higher than 0.1mbar；
5) motor pattern for choosing rotation capacitor is velocity mode, and rotation capacitor revolving speed is promoted to design speed steadily；
6) using the time interval Δ x between the spike of oscillograph scale functional test sampling cavity body capacitance sampled signal and its
Several 1/ Δ x, the as modulating frequency of synchrocyclotron.
2. synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1)
In, the adjacent setting time of movement space twice of rotation capacitor rotor (8) blade is fixed value 3-7s.
3. synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4)
In, setting oscillograph input signal port internal resistance is 50 ohm.
4. synchrocyclotron modulating frequency test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 5)
In, the acceleration of the rotation capacitor is 40-70rpm/s.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112798873A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-14 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | End coupling cavity measuring device and end coupling cavity measuring method for coupling cavity accelerating structure |
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