A method of detection vegetables and fruits Prochloraz residual quantity
Technical field
The present invention relates to vegetables and fruits residues detection technical fields, and in particular to a kind of side for detecting vegetables and fruits Prochloraz residual quantity
Method.
Background technique
Prochloraz also known as P applied levels are widely used in during production, storage and transport of a variety of agriculture and forestry products etc..Although
Prochloraz is less toxic fungicide, but its final product is one of the important pollutant in environment, meeting pollution of ecological environment, and can be right
Human health causes potential threat, and the residue problem in Production of fruit and storage is increasingly paid close attention to by people.Currently, to miaow
The detection of fresh amine residual quantity mainly uses color law popularization to detect.It is mainly surveyed in the prior art using agricultural standard NY/T 1456-2007
Determine Prochloraz residual quantity, which includes the steps that extraction, hydrolysis and purified treatment and upper machine.This method not only operates numerous
It is trivial, time-consuming, and it is easy to happen danger using the concentrated sulfuric acid in purification process, need to consume a large amount of examination when handling a large amount of samples
Agent, glass apparatus and time, efficiency are lower.Therefore, it needs to improve the method for detection vegetables and fruits Prochloraz residual quantity, to improve miaow
The determination efficiency of fresh amine.
Summary of the invention
For the prior art there are above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of side for detecting vegetables and fruits Prochloraz residual quantity
Method, this method can efficiently recycle Prochloraz, to improve the accuracy of detection, and have safety good and at low cost excellent
Point.
To achieve the above object, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
A kind of method detecting vegetables and fruits Prochloraz residual quantity is provided, is included the following steps,
Step 1: homogenate: vegetables and fruits homogenized to be detected, the vegetables and fruits after homogenate being then placed in -25~-10 DEG C
It is saved under the conditions of temperature, obtains sample to be tested;
Step 2: extract: weigh a certain amount of sample to be tested, to the sample to be tested be added acetonitrile Extraction solvent, then
Sample to be tested is sufficiently homogenized with acetonitrile Extraction solvent, then the sample to be tested and acetonitrile Extraction solvent after filtering homogenate, by filtrate
It collects into the color-comparison tube equipped with sodium chloride, wherein the weight ratio of filtrate and sodium chloride is 40~50:5~7, sufficiently
Colorimetric cylinder is shaken, the colorimetric cylinder is stood after concussion, obtains upper layer liquid separation and lower layer's liquid separation;
Step 3: hydrolysis: resulting upper layer liquid separation being drawn in the hydrolysis pipe with bottle cap, dries up upper layer liquid separation, then
Pyridine hydrochloride is added into the hydrolysis pipe and covers bottle cap, the endless complete hiding of the bottle cap hydrolyzes tube opening, and hydrolysis pipe is set
1~2h is hydrolyzed in 210~240 DEG C of sand-baths, after hydrolysis, then a part is added to the hydrolysis pipe in the cooling hydrolysis pipe
Solution in hydrolysis pipe to dissolve pyridine hydrochloride, is then moved on to separatory funnel and with another part distilled water flushing by distilled water
The hydrolysis pipe, and the distilled water flushing liquid of the part is moved on into the separatory funnel together, the solution of separatory funnel is extracted, is obtained
To organic phase extracted, wherein the weight ratio of the upper layer liquid separation, the pyridine hydrochloride and the distilled water is 4:
0.5~1:10~12;
Step 4: purification: the resulting organic phase of step 3 being transferred in beaker, organic phase is dried up, uses n-hexane point
Secondary flushing beaker, resulting flushing liquor are transferred in n-hexane-acetone mixed solution activation Fu Luoli column and filter, and discard filter
Then liquid elutes the Fu Luoli column with n-hexane-acetone mixed solution in several times, collect eluent, eluent described in air-blowing,
Then the prepare liquid using eluent described in n-hexane constant volume to a certain concentration, after obtaining pre-treatment, wherein activation not sieve
In column n-hexane and the ratio between the volume of acetone be 7~9:1, elute the ratio between n-hexane and volume of acetone of the Fu Luoli column
It is 1:7~9;
Step 5: by the prepare liquid examination with computer after the resulting pre-treatment of step 4.
Wherein, it in the step 1, chooses the edible part of vegetables and fruits to be detected and is cut with diagonal split plot design, then
It takes the vegetables and fruits of diagonal part to shred and carries out homogenized again.
Wherein, the mode that nitrogen is blown is respectively adopted and dries up upper layer liquid separation and organic phase, and the elution is blown using nitrogen
Liquid.
Wherein, in the step 3, the weight ratio of a part of distilled water and another part distilled water is 1:5.
Wherein, in the step 4, the n-hexane for rinsing beaker is mixed with the n-hexane as eluant, eluent with acetone
The weight ratio of liquid is 1:2.5.
Wherein, in the step 4, the ratio between n-hexane and the volume of acetone for activating the Fu Luoli column are 9:1;
The ratio between n-hexane and the volume of acetone for eluting the Fu Luoli column are 1:9
Wherein, in the step 3, the solution in No. 2 separatory funnels of petroleum ether extraction is used.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention uses acetonitrile solvent to be sufficiently homogenized for Extraction solvent and by it with sample to be tested, and acetonitrile solvent can fill
Point ground with sample to be tested be homogenized, and shake after rapidly quickly can thoroughly be separated with water-solubility impurity with formed upper layer liquid separation and
Lower layer's liquid separation reduces the problem of water-solubility impurity interferes detection, and greatly reduces experimental period and improve Prochloraz
The recovery rate of residual quantity, and then improve the accuracy of measurement.
(2) present invention is managed using sand-bath heating hydrolysis, and the sand in sand-bath is convenient for while fixed multiple hydrolysis pipes are to mention
High conventional efficient, and the problem of boiling phenomenon is not present in sand-bath, and the hydrolysis pipe caused by avoiding because of bumping is burst, improve reality
The safety tested;Also, the pipe shaft of the hydrolysis pipe after sand-bath relatively cleans, and reduces the work of cleaning hydrolysis pipe, further increases
Conventional efficient.
(3) present invention avoids prior art sulfuric acid purification impurity appearance using the impurity in Fu Luoli column purification organic phase
The problem of easily causing experiment accident, and be not required to adjust pH value using Fu Luoli column, it can reduce real brought by pH value because adjusting
Error is tested, and then improves the accuracy of experiment.
(4) present invention uses the mixed liquor of the n-hexane and acetone that centainly match for eluant, eluent, n-hexane and acetone
Mixed liquor can efficiently recycle Prochloraz, compared with prior art, impurity will not be recycled, when avoiding test miscellaneous peak influence miaow
The problem of fresh amine quantitative determines.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Prochloraz residual quantity chromatogram using concentrated sulfuric acid purification organic phase;
Fig. 2 is the Prochloraz residual quantity chromatogram using Fu Luoli column purification organic phase;
Fig. 3 is to use acetone and n-hexane mixed liquor for the Prochloraz residual quantity chromatogram of the eluant, eluent of Fu Luoli column.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1.
A kind of method of the detection vegetables and fruits Prochloraz residual quantity of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: homogenate: choosing the edible part of vegetables and fruits to be detected and cut with diagonal split plot design, then taken diagonal
Partial vegetables and fruits chopping, which mixes, smashs to pieces and is homogenized into being directly placed into food processor again, and resulting homogenate sample is placed in -20
It saves, obtains to be tested under the conditions of DEG C.
Step 2: extracting: it weighs sample to be tested 40g and is put into refiner, 50ml acetonitrile solvent is added, it is high in refiner
It is filtered after speed homogenate 3min with filter paper, filtrate is collected into the 50ml color-comparison tube equipped with 7g sodium chloride, filtrate 50ml is collected,
Plug is covered, 1min is acutely shaken, stands 30min at room temperature, obtains upper layer liquid separation and lower layer's liquid separation.
Step 3: hydrolysis: accurately drawing above-mentioned 20ml upper solution into hydrolysis pipe of the 25ml with screw top closure, nitrogen is blown
Layer solution is completely dry, and 5g pyridine hydrochloride is added, screws a lid on and (does not need to tighten), be placed in 240 DEG C of sand-baths and hydrolyze 1.5h, cold
But after, 10ml distilled water is added, shaking dissolves pyridine hydrochloride, and rinses hydrolysis pipe by several times with 50ml distilled water and be transferred to
In 250ml separatory funnel, with petroleum ether extraction 2 times (each 50ml), the water phase of extraction is discarded, resulting organic be harmonious will be extracted
And.
Step 4: purification: above-mentioned organic phase being transferred in 100ml beaker, is concentrated to dryness, is washed by several times with 10ml n-hexane
Beaker, solution are transferred to through n-hexane-acetone mixed solution activation Fu Luoli column, the body of the n-hexane and acetone mixed solution
The ratio between product is 9:1, discards the filtrate in Fu Luoli column, then elute Fu Luoli in several times with 25ml acetone and n-hexane mixed solution
Column, the ratio between the n-hexane and the volume of acetone mixed solution are 1:9, then collect eluent, and nitrogen is blown and eluent constant volume 5ml,
Eluent after constant volume is for measurement.
Step 5: by the prepare liquid examination with computer after the resulting pre-treatment of step 4.
Embodiment 2.
Step 1: homogenate: choosing the edible part of vegetables and fruits to be detected and cut with diagonal split plot design, then taken diagonal
Partial vegetables and fruits chopping, which mixes, smashs to pieces and is homogenized into being directly placed into food processor again, and resulting homogenate sample is placed in -25
It saves, obtains to be tested under the conditions of DEG C.
Step 2: extracting: it weighs sample to be tested 40g and is put into refiner, 50ml acetonitrile solvent is added, it is high in refiner
It is filtered after speed homogenate 3min with filter paper, filtrate is collected into the 50ml color-comparison tube equipped with 5g sodium chloride, filtrate 40ml is collected,
Plug is covered, 1min is acutely shaken, stands 30min at room temperature, obtains upper layer liquid separation and lower layer's liquid separation.
Step 3: hydrolysis: accurately drawing above-mentioned 20ml upper solution into hydrolysis pipe of the 25ml with screw top closure, nitrogen is blown
Layer solution is completely dry, and 5g pyridine hydrochloride is added, screws a lid on and (does not need to tighten), be placed in 210 DEG C of sand-baths and hydrolyze 1.5h, cold
But after, 10ml distilled water is added, shaking dissolves pyridine hydrochloride, and rinses hydrolysis pipe by several times with 50ml distilled water and be transferred to
In 250ml separatory funnel, with petroleum ether extraction 2 times (each 50ml), the water phase of extraction is discarded, resulting organic be harmonious will be extracted
And.
Step 4: purification: above-mentioned organic phase being transferred in 100ml beaker, is concentrated to dryness, is washed by several times with 10ml n-hexane
Beaker, solution are transferred to through n-hexane-acetone mixed solution activation Fu Luoli column, the body of the n-hexane and acetone mixed solution
The ratio between product is 7:1, discards the filtrate in Fu Luoli column, then elute Fu Luoli in several times with 25ml acetone and n-hexane mixed solution
Column, the ratio between the n-hexane and the volume of acetone mixed solution are 1:7, then collect eluent, and nitrogen is blown and eluent constant volume 5ml,
Eluent after constant volume is for measurement.
Step 5: by the prepare liquid examination with computer after the resulting pre-treatment of step 4.
Embodiment 3.
Step 1: homogenate: choosing the edible part of vegetables and fruits to be detected and cut with diagonal split plot design, then taken diagonal
Partial vegetables and fruits chopping, which mixes, smashs to pieces and is homogenized into being directly placed into food processor again, and resulting homogenate sample is placed in -10
It saves, obtains to be tested under the conditions of DEG C.
Step 2: extracting: it weighs sample to be tested 40g and is put into refiner, 50ml acetonitrile solvent is added, it is high in refiner
It is filtered after speed homogenate 3min with filter paper, filtrate is collected into the 50ml color-comparison tube equipped with 6g sodium chloride, collects filtrate 40-
50ml covers plug, acutely shakes 1min, stands 30min at room temperature, obtains upper layer liquid separation and lower layer's liquid separation.
Step 3: hydrolysis: accurately drawing above-mentioned 20ml upper solution into hydrolysis pipe of the 25ml with screw top closure, nitrogen is blown
Layer solution is completely dry, and 5g pyridine hydrochloride is added, screws a lid on and (does not need to tighten), be placed in 220 DEG C of sand-baths and hydrolyze 1.5h, cold
But after, 10ml distilled water is added, shaking dissolves pyridine hydrochloride, and rinses hydrolysis pipe by several times with 50ml distilled water and be transferred to
In 250ml separatory funnel, with petroleum ether extraction 2 times (each 50ml), the water phase of extraction is discarded, resulting organic be harmonious will be extracted
And.
Step 4: purification: above-mentioned organic phase being transferred in 100ml beaker, is concentrated to dryness, is washed by several times with 10ml n-hexane
Beaker, solution are transferred to through n-hexane-acetone mixed solution activation Fu Luoli column, the body of the n-hexane and acetone mixed solution
The ratio between product is 8:1, discards the filtrate in Fu Luoli column, then elute Fu Luoli in several times with 25ml acetone and n-hexane mixed solution
Column, the ratio between the n-hexane and the volume of acetone mixed solution are 1:8, then collect eluent, and nitrogen is blown and eluent constant volume 5ml,
Eluent after constant volume is for measurement.
Step 5: by the prepare liquid examination with computer after the resulting pre-treatment of step 4.
One, the test of purifying step
(1) sample to be tested is handled using the pre-treating method of embodiment 1, then by resulting sample to be tested examination with computer,
The Prochloraz residual quantity chromatogram of Fu Luoli column purification organic phase as shown in Figure 2 is obtained, in addition, measuring miaow as shown in Table 1
The fresh amine rate of recovery;
(2) sample is handled according to the homogenate of embodiment 1, extraction and hydrolysing step, then by resulting sample according to NY/
The agriculture standard of T1456-2007 is purified using the concentrated sulfuric acid, that is, rinses above-mentioned beaker simultaneously in several times with 20ml n-hexane
It is transferred completely into separatory funnel, 5ml sulfuric acid is added, shake 1min and discard sulfuric acid after exquisiteness layering, be repeated 3 times.Then it uses
Residual sulfuric acid in distillation water washing organic phase, washing to neutrality are collected organic phase, are concentrated after anhydrous sodium sulfate dehydrates
It is settled to 5ml lower than 5ml, and with n-hexane, upper machine measurement obtains the miaow as shown in Figure 1 using concentrated sulfuric acid purification organic phase
Fresh amine residual quantity chromatogram, in addition, measuring the Prochloraz rate of recovery as shown in Table 1.
The Prochloraz rate of recovery of the different purification methods of table 1
As shown in Table 1, the Prochloraz of the Prochloraz rate of recovery of Fu Luoli column purification method and concentrated sulfuric acid purification method recycles
Rate is suitable;The miscellaneous peak of the Prochloraz residual quantity chromatogram of Fu Luoli column purification organic phase shown in Fig. 2 is less, it is known that fresh convenient for miaow
The quantitative determination of amine;And the miscellaneous peak of the Prochloraz residual quantity chromatogram of concentrated sulfuric acid purification organic phase shown in FIG. 1 is more, then it is inconvenient
The quantitative determination of Prochloraz, it can be seen that, Fu Luoli column purification organic phase of the present invention not only reduces safety accident, can more mention
The high accuracy of Prochloraz measurement.
Two, the test of Fu Luoli column eluant, eluent
Using to Prochloraz the rate of recovery and clean-up effect as criterion, according in the purifying step of embodiment 1 with difference
Three groups of eluting solvents of acetone+n-hexane, acetonitrile+methylene chloride, acetone+methylene chloride of proportion carry out sample miaow to Fu Luoli column
Fresh amine and its metabolite elution experiments are shown in Table 2 to the measurement result of the rate of recovery.
2 acetone of table+n-hexane, acetonitrile+methylene chloride, acetone+dichloromethane eluent solvent rate of recovery
As can be seen from Table 2, the rate of recovery highest of acetone+n-hexane solvent combination proportion, therefore, acetone is mixed with n-hexane
Liquid has preferable recovering effect as the eluent of Fu Luoli column.
Additionally, it is contemplated that cost and rate of recovery effect, it is corresponding to measure for 9:1 to choose the ratio between acetone and the volume of normal hexane
Prochloraz residual quantity chromatogram, the chromatogram are as shown in Figure 3, it is seen that miscellaneous peak is less, and corresponding purification efficiency is high.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected
The limitation of range is protected, although explaining in detail referring to preferred embodiment to the present invention, those skilled in the art are answered
Work as understanding, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and range.