CN109099758B - Online back flushing system and flushing method for heat exchanger - Google Patents
Online back flushing system and flushing method for heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN109099758B CN109099758B CN201811315108.4A CN201811315108A CN109099758B CN 109099758 B CN109099758 B CN 109099758B CN 201811315108 A CN201811315108 A CN 201811315108A CN 109099758 B CN109099758 B CN 109099758B
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- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 209
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/003—Control arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchanger cleaning, in particular to an online back flushing system and a flushing method of a heat exchanger. The system comprises a heat exchanger body, a high-temperature water inlet pipe, a high-temperature water outlet pipe, a low-temperature water outlet pipe and a low-temperature water inlet pipe; the high-temperature water inlet pipe is provided with a first shutoff valve, a first exhaust valve and a first pressure gauge, and the high-temperature water outlet pipe is provided with a second shutoff valve, a first water drain valve and a second pressure gauge; the low-temperature water inlet pipe is provided with a third shut-off valve, a second water drain valve and a third pressure gauge, and the low-temperature water outlet pipe is provided with a fourth shut-off valve, a second exhaust valve and a fourth pressure gauge. According to the utility model, by controlling each switch valve, each exhaust valve and each water drain valve, the on-line running fluid of the heat exchanger system is matched to carry out reverse circulation flow direction to flush scale and impurities on the heat exchange plates at high speed, so that the heat exchanger is not required to be disassembled, and external power or flushing by means of chemical reagents is also not required; and long-time shutdown is not needed, and the heat exchanger scaling can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchanger cleaning, in particular to an online back flushing system and a flushing method of a heat exchanger.
Background
With the rapid development of central heating and central air conditioning, heat exchangers are increasingly used in heat exchange systems. Because the flow passage in the heat exchanger has a complex structure and a narrow space, the heat exchanger can often have some blockage and scaling problems in the use process.
However, several heat exchanger cleaning techniques commonly used at present have the following problems in use:
1. according to the chemical cleaning method, after the heat exchanger is disassembled, the chemical agent is used for soaking the plate, dirt is dissolved and then peeled off, the heat exchanger needs to be stopped for a long time, the heat exchanger cannot be used in the running period of equipment, the heat exchanger has certain corrosiveness to the equipment after long-term use, and once the chemical agent leaks, the cleaning personnel can be injured.
2. The principle of the method is that the cleaning efficiency is improved by crushing and impacting of external force. The heat exchanger cleaning technique in the patent of the utility model (ZL 201020129869.3) requires external force and chemical agent to clean the heat exchanger.
3. After the plate is disassembled, the dirt is directly stripped by adopting a hard object, so that the heat exchanger plate is easy to be perforated after long-term use, and the heat exchanger plate cannot be normally used.
4. The above method is usually used after the heat exchanger is found to have fouled, does not have an effect of preventing the heat exchanger from fouling, and requires a long time to stop.
5. Because the calibers of the exhaust pipe and the drain pipe arranged on the inlet and outlet pipelines of the heat exchanger in the prior art are very small and only DN15-20mm, pollution discharge cannot be carried out; meanwhile, the heat exchanger lacks a monitoring means of a system when in operation, so that the blocking and scaling conditions of the heat exchanger cannot be timely determined and cleaned in time; in addition, in the prior art, an exhaust pipe and a drain pipe which are arranged on an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger are connected together by adopting a pipeline and are intensively led to a drain outlet, so that medium in the heat exchanger cannot be drained. The above drawbacks make it difficult to clean and maintain the heat exchanger on-line.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an online back flushing system and an online back flushing method for a heat exchanger, which can realize online cleaning, can timely find the blockage and scaling degree of the heat exchanger, and can remove scale or impurities which are not completely calcified and are adhered to the heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger by adopting a physical method through setting the operating pressure of the system and analyzing the operating parameters of the system.
In order to achieve the above object, the first technical scheme adopted by the present utility model is as follows:
an online back flushing system of a heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger body, and a high-temperature side pipeline and a low-temperature side pipeline which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the heat exchanger body; the high-temperature side pipeline comprises a high-temperature water inlet pipe and a high-temperature water outlet pipe which are respectively arranged at the left side of the heat exchanger body, and the inner end of the high-temperature water inlet pipe is communicated with the inner end of the high-temperature water outlet pipe; the low-temperature side pipeline comprises a low-temperature water outlet pipe and a low-temperature water inlet pipe which are respectively arranged on the right side of the heat exchanger body, and the inner end of the low-temperature water inlet pipe is communicated with the inner end of the low-temperature water outlet pipe;
the high-temperature water inlet pipe is provided with a first shutoff valve, the high-temperature water outlet pipe is provided with a second shutoff valve, a first exhaust valve and a first pressure gauge are arranged on the high-temperature water inlet pipe and between the first shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body, and a first drain valve and a second pressure gauge are arranged on the high-temperature water outlet pipe and between the second shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body;
the low-temperature water inlet pipe is provided with a third shutoff valve, the low-temperature water outlet pipe is provided with a fourth shutoff valve, a second water drain valve and a third pressure gauge are arranged on the low-temperature water inlet pipe and between the third shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body, and a second exhaust valve and a fourth pressure gauge are arranged on the low-temperature water outlet pipe and between the fourth shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body;
the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are communicated with each other, one end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with the drainage pipeline, the second connecting pipe is communicated between the first water drain valve and the second water drain valve, and one end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the drainage pipeline.
Preferably, the high-temperature water inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the left side of the heat exchanger body, and the high-temperature water outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the left side of the heat exchanger body; the low temperature inlet pipe is installed at the lower end on the right side of the heat exchanger body and is in counterpoint distribution with the high temperature outlet pipe, and the low temperature outlet pipe is installed at the upper end on the right side of the heat exchanger body and is in counterpoint distribution with the high temperature inlet pipe.
Preferably, a first differential pressure sensor is arranged between the high-temperature water inlet pipe and the high-temperature water outlet pipe, and a second differential pressure sensor is arranged between the low-temperature water inlet pipe and the low-temperature water outlet pipe.
Preferably, a first thermometer or a first temperature sensor is further installed on the high-temperature water outlet pipe and located between the second shut-off valve and the heat exchanger body, and a second thermometer or a second temperature sensor is further installed on the low-temperature water inlet pipe and located between the third shut-off valve and the heat exchanger body.
Preferably, the caliber of the pipeline of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe is 32-40mm.
The second technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the online back flushing method of the heat exchanger comprises an online back flushing system of the heat exchanger, wherein the online back flushing system of the heat exchanger is the online back flushing system of the heat exchanger, and the online back flushing method of the heat exchanger comprises a pipeline blockage detection and alarm step, a high Wen Ceguan path cleaning step and a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step;
the pipeline blockage detection alarming step comprises the steps of establishing a standard quantity, detecting actual parameters corresponding to the standard quantity in real time, sending corresponding pipeline blockage alarming signals when the actual parameters exceed the standard quantity by a certain proportion, and independently executing a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step or a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step or sequentially executing a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step and a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step according to the pipeline blockage alarming signals;
the high-temperature side pipeline cleaning step comprises the following steps:
step A: closing a first shutoff valve and a second shutoff valve in the high-temperature side pipeline, and opening a first exhaust valve and a first water drain valve to drain all water reserved in the high-temperature side pipeline;
and (B) step (B): closing a first water drain valve on the high-temperature water outlet pipe, rapidly opening a second shutoff valve on the high-temperature water outlet pipe to flush the heat exchanger by using the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the faster flow rate generated by the higher pressure difference of the high Wen Ceguan water, continuously flushing for 30-50s after water is discharged from the first exhaust valve, closing the second shutoff valve after flushing is finished, and then opening the first water drain valve to empty the water reserved in the high-temperature side pipeline;
step C: repeatedly executing the process of the step B until the water flowing out of the first exhaust valve becomes clear, and closing the first water drain valve;
step D: slowly opening the second shutoff valve, closing the first exhaust valve after the high-temperature side pipeline is filled with water, and opening the first shutoff valve to recover the normal operation of the high Wen Ceguan pipeline;
the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step comprises the following steps:
step H: closing a third shut-off valve and a fourth shut-off valve in the low-temperature side pipeline, and opening a second exhaust valve and a second water drain valve to completely drain water reserved in the low-temperature side pipeline;
step I: closing a second water drain valve on the low-temperature water inlet pipe, rapidly opening a fourth shutoff valve on the low-temperature water outlet pipe to flush the heat exchanger by utilizing the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the faster flow rate generated by the water in the low-temperature side pipeline under the higher pressure difference, continuously flushing for 30-50s after water is discharged from the second exhaust valve, closing the fourth shutoff valve after flushing is finished, and then opening the second water drain valve to empty the water remained in the low-temperature side pipeline;
step J: repeatedly executing the process of the step I until the water flowing out of the second exhaust valve becomes clear, and closing the second water drain valve;
step K: and slowly opening the fourth shutoff valve, closing the second exhaust valve after the low-temperature side pipeline is filled with water, and opening the third shutoff valve to recover the normal operation of the low-temperature side pipeline.
Preferably, in the low temperature side pipeline cleaning step, before executing the step H, executing a step L, where the step L is to close a first shut-off valve and a second shut-off valve in the high temperature side pipeline; after executing the step K, executing a step M, wherein the step M is to open a first shutoff valve and a second shutoff valve in the high-temperature side pipeline so as to recover the normal operation of the high Wen Ceguan pipeline.
Preferably, in the pipeline blockage detection and alarm step, corresponding standard quantities are respectively established according to parameters of the first differential pressure sensor and the second differential pressure sensor;
when the actual parameter of the first differential pressure sensor is detected to be larger than the corresponding standard quantity by a certain proportion in real time, a high-temperature side pipeline alarm signal is sent, and a high Wen Ceguan path cleaning step is executed according to the high Wen Ceguan path alarm signal;
and when the actual parameter of the second differential pressure sensor is detected to be larger than the corresponding standard quantity by a certain proportion in real time, transmitting a low Wen Ceguan-path alarm signal, and executing a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step according to the low Wen Ceguan-path alarm signal.
Preferably, in the pipeline blockage detection and alarm step, a standard quantity is established by using a difference value between the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor and the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor, and when the real-time detection of the actual parameter between the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor and the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor exceeds the standard quantity by a certain proportion, a heat exchanger pipeline alarm signal is sent, and the high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step and the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step are sequentially executed according to the heat exchanger pipeline alarm signal.
Preferably, the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the water in the high-temperature side pipeline cleaning step and the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step is more than or equal to 0.2MPa.
By adopting the scheme, the on-line back flushing system of the heat exchanger disclosed by the utility model is used for carrying out reverse circulation flow direction high-speed flushing on scale and impurities on the heat exchange plates by controlling each switch valve, each exhaust valve and each water drain valve and matching with the fluid on-line running of the heat exchanger system. Different from the existing heat exchange system, a first exhaust valve is arranged on the high-temperature water inlet pipe, a second exhaust valve is arranged on the low-temperature water outlet pipe, and the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are communicated with a drainage pipeline through a first connecting pipe; meanwhile, a first water drain valve is arranged on the high-temperature water outlet pipe, a second water drain valve is arranged on the low-temperature water inlet pipe, and the first water drain valve and the second water drain valve are communicated with the water drain pipeline through a second connecting pipe. Based on the online back flushing system of the heat exchanger, the online side flushing method has the advantages that in the flushing process of the heat exchanger, one side of the heat exchanger, which is flushed, is in a short-time (3-5 minutes) stop state, equipment disassembly is not needed, the other side of the heat exchanger can still normally operate, and the normal operation is hardly influenced. Meanwhile, the principle of the utility model is that impurities and rust in the heat exchanger are washed by the pressure of the heat exchange system, chemical agents are not needed, a power source is not needed to be additionally arranged, and the utility model can be implemented in each period of the operation of the heat exchanger. Meanwhile, each valve component of the flushing system can be matched with the original facilities of the heat exchange system. The back flushing operation of the utility model can be performed manually, or the shut-off valve at the interface of the heat exchanger can be transformed into an electric shut-off valve, and the back flushing operation is performed automatically by a specific computer program.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the utility model can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the utility model provides an online back flushing system of a heat exchanger, which comprises a heat exchanger body a, and a high-temperature side pipeline and a low-temperature side pipeline which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the heat exchanger body a; the high Wen Ceguan pipeline comprises a high-temperature water inlet pipe 1 and a high-temperature water outlet pipe 2 which are respectively arranged at the left side of the heat exchanger body a, and the inner end of the high-temperature water inlet pipe 1 is communicated with the inner end of the high-temperature water outlet pipe 2; the low-temperature side pipeline comprises a low-temperature water outlet pipe 11 and a low-temperature water inlet pipe 10 which are respectively arranged on the right side of the heat exchanger body a, and the inner end of the low-temperature water inlet pipe 10 is communicated with the inner end of the low-temperature water outlet pipe 11; a first shutoff valve 3 is arranged on the high-temperature water inlet pipe 1, a second shutoff valve 4 is arranged on the high-temperature water outlet pipe 2, a first exhaust valve 5 and a first pressure gauge 6 are arranged on the high-temperature water inlet pipe 1 and positioned between the first shutoff valve 3 and the heat exchanger body a, and a first water drain valve 7 and a second pressure gauge 8 are arranged on the high-temperature water outlet pipe 2 and positioned between the second shutoff valve 4 and the heat exchanger body a; a third shut-off valve 12 is arranged on the low-temperature water inlet pipe 10, a fourth shut-off valve 13 is arranged on the low-temperature water outlet pipe 11, a second drain valve 14 and a third pressure gauge 15 are arranged on the low-temperature water inlet pipe 10 and between the third shut-off valve 12 and the heat exchanger body a, and a second exhaust valve 16 and a fourth pressure gauge 17 are arranged on the low-temperature water outlet pipe 11 and between the fourth shut-off valve 13 and the heat exchanger body a; a first connecting pipe b is communicated between the first exhaust valve 5 and the second exhaust valve 16, one end of the first connecting pipe b is communicated with a drainage pipeline d, a second connecting pipe c is communicated between the first water drain valve 7 and the second water drain valve 14, and one end of the second connecting pipe c is communicated with the drainage pipeline d.
Unlike the existing heat exchange system, a first exhaust valve 5 is arranged on the high-temperature water inlet pipe 1, a second exhaust valve 16 is arranged on the low-temperature water outlet pipe 11, and the first exhaust valve 5 and the second exhaust valve 16 are communicated with a water discharge pipeline d through a first connecting pipe b; meanwhile, a first water drain valve 7 is arranged on the high-temperature water outlet pipe 2, a second water drain valve 14 is arranged on the low-temperature water inlet pipe 10, and the first water drain valve 7 and the second water drain valve 14 are communicated with a water drain pipeline d through a second connecting pipe c. Therefore, the water scale and impurities on the heat exchange plates can be washed at high speed in a reverse circulation flow direction by controlling the switch valve, the exhaust valve and the water drain valve and matching with the fluid (such as water) running on line of the heat exchanger system, the heat exchanger is not required to be disassembled, and the heat exchanger is not required to be washed by external power or chemical reagent; and long-time shutdown is not needed, and the heat exchanger scaling can be effectively avoided.
In order to obtain a good heat exchange effect, the high-temperature water inlet pipe 1 of the embodiment is arranged at the upper end of the left side of the heat exchanger body a, and the high-temperature water outlet pipe 2 is arranged at the lower end of the left side of the heat exchanger body a; the low temperature water inlet pipe 10 is arranged at the lower end of the right side of the heat exchanger body a and is in alignment distribution with the high temperature water outlet pipe 2, and the low temperature water outlet pipe 11 is arranged at the upper end of the right side of the heat exchanger body a and is in alignment distribution with the high temperature water inlet pipe 1. Therefore, countercurrent heat exchange between the high-temperature side pipeline and the low-temperature side pipeline can be formed, namely, in the high-temperature side pipeline, liquid in the heat exchanger enters the heat exchanger body a from the high-temperature water inlet pipe 1 at the upper part of the heat exchanger body, and after the temperature is reduced, the liquid flows out of the heat exchanger body a from the high-temperature water outlet pipe 2 at the lower part of the heat exchanger body; in the low temperature side pipeline, liquid enters the heat exchanger body a from the low temperature water inlet pipe 10 at the lower part, and after the temperature is raised, the liquid flows out of the heat exchanger body a from the low temperature water outlet pipe 11 at the upper part.
Further, as a first preferred embodiment, a first differential pressure sensor 19 is installed between the high temperature water inlet pipe 1 and the high temperature water outlet pipe 2 of the present embodiment, and a second differential pressure sensor 20 is installed between the low temperature water inlet pipe 10 and the low temperature water outlet pipe 11. Based on analysis of heat exchanger pressure parameters: when the plate heat exchanger is in a normal running state, the flow in the high-temperature side pipeline and the low-temperature side pipeline meet the design requirement, so that the pressure loss of the medium in the flow channel is basically constant; however, if scale or impurities appear in one side flow channel in the heat exchanger body a, when the flow channel is blocked, the resistance loss of the flow of the liquid medium in the side flow channel is greatly increased; in actual operation, when the differential pressure value measured by the differential pressure transmitter 19 or 20 on one side and the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger is greater than a certain proportion (for example, 30%) compared with the differential pressure standard quantity of the side flow path, the situation that the side flow path of the heat exchanger is blocked can be judged. Thus, the real-time measurement parameter of the first differential pressure sensor 19 or the second differential pressure sensor 20 can be compared with the differential pressure standard amount, and it can be determined whether scale and impurities are generated in the high-temperature side pipeline or the low-temperature side pipeline, that is, whether clogging is generated.
Further, as a second preferred embodiment, a first thermometer or a first temperature sensor 9 is further installed on the high-temperature water outlet pipe 2 of the present embodiment between the second shut-off valve 4 and the heat exchanger body a, and a second thermometer or a second temperature sensor 18 is further installed on the low-temperature water inlet pipe 10 between the third shut-off valve 12 and the heat exchanger body a. According to the analysis of the heat exchanger temperature parameters: when the plate heat exchanger is in a normal running state, the flow of the high-temperature side pipeline and the low-temperature side pipeline is basically constant, and the temperature difference of the two sides of the heat exchanger is basically constant; however, if scale or impurities are present in a certain side flow of the heat exchanger, the flow of the medium in the side flow will be reduced, resulting in a change in the temperature difference between the two sides of the heat exchanger, i.e. an increase in the difference between the medium outlet temperature on the high temperature side and the medium inlet temperature on the low temperature side. In actual operation, when the temperature difference between the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor 9 on the high-temperature side water outlet pipe and the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor 18 on the low Wen Cejin water pipe is greater than a certain proportion (for example, 60%) compared with the design standard temperature difference, it can be determined that the heat exchanger is blocked. Thus, the real-time measured value of the temperature difference between the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor 9 and the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor 18 can be used for judging whether scale and impurities are generated in the pipeline in the heat exchanger, namely whether blockage occurs or not compared with the standard temperature difference. In this embodiment, the second pressure gauge 8 on the high-temperature water outlet pipe and the fourth pressure gauge 17 on the low-temperature water outlet pipe in the high-temperature side pipeline of the heat exchanger can be observed at the same time, and when the value displayed by any one of the pressure gauges is lower than the design pressure, the flow channel of the side heat exchanger is possibly blocked.
Further, the pipe diameters of the first connecting pipe b and the second connecting pipe c of the embodiment are 32-40mm. Therefore, the diameters of the pipelines of the first connecting pipe b and the second connecting pipe c are not smaller than 32mm, water reserved in the heat exchanger body a can be timely drained, and scales and impurities in the heat exchanger body a can be timely cleaned out.
Based on the heat exchanger online back flushing system, the embodiment of the utility model also provides a heat exchanger online back flushing method which comprises the heat exchanger online back flushing system, wherein the heat exchanger online back flushing system is the heat exchanger online back flushing system, and the heat exchanger online back flushing method also comprises a pipeline blockage detection alarm step, a high Wen Ceguan path cleaning step and a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step;
the pipeline blockage detection alarming step comprises the steps of establishing a standard quantity, detecting actual parameters corresponding to the standard quantity in real time, sending corresponding pipeline blockage alarming signals when the actual parameters exceed the standard quantity by a certain proportion, and independently executing a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step or a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step or sequentially executing a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step and a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step according to the pipeline blockage alarming signals;
the high-temperature side pipeline cleaning step comprises the following steps:
step A: closing the first shutoff valve 3 and the second shutoff valve 4 in the high-temperature side pipeline, and opening the first exhaust valve 5 and the first drain valve 7 to completely drain the water remaining in the high-temperature side pipeline;
and (B) step (B): closing a first water drain valve 7 on the high-temperature water outlet pipe, rapidly opening a second shutoff valve 4 on the high-temperature water outlet pipe to flush the heat exchanger by using the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the faster flow rate generated by the higher pressure difference of the high Wen Ceguan water, continuously flushing for 30-50s after water is discharged from the first exhaust valve 5, closing the second shutoff valve 4 after flushing is finished, and then opening the first water drain valve 7 to empty the water reserved in the high-temperature side pipeline;
step C: repeatedly executing the process of the step B until the water flowing out of the first exhaust valve 5 becomes clear, and closing the first water drain valve 7;
step D: the second shutoff valve 4 is slowly opened, the first exhaust valve 5 is closed after the high-temperature side pipeline is filled with water, and the first shutoff valve 3 is opened to recover the normal operation of the high Wen Ceguan pipeline.
The low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step comprises the following steps:
step H: closing the third shut-off valve 12 and the fourth shut-off valve 13 in the low temperature side pipe, and opening the second exhaust valve 17 and the second drain valve 18 to drain all the water remaining in the low temperature side pipe;
step I: closing the second water drain valve 14 on the low-temperature water inlet pipe 10, rapidly opening the fourth shutoff valve 13 on the low-temperature water outlet pipe 11 to flush the heat exchanger by using the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the faster flow rate generated by the water in the low-temperature side pipeline under the higher pressure difference, continuously flushing for 30-50s after water is leaked in the second air outlet valve 16, closing the fourth shutoff valve 13 after flushing is finished, and then opening the second water drain valve 14 to empty the water remained in the low-temperature side pipeline;
step J: repeating the process of step I until the water flowing out of the second vent valve 16 becomes clear, and closing the second drain valve 14;
step K: and the fourth shutoff valve 13 is slowly opened, the second exhaust valve 16 is closed after the low-temperature side pipeline is filled with water, and the third shutoff valve 12 is opened to restore the normal operation of the low-temperature side pipeline.
Based on the above arrangement, both high Wen Ceguan line cleaning and low temperature side line cleaning require evacuation of the medium in the heat exchanger during flushing. In the process of emptying the heat exchanger, part of impurities can be discharged out of the heat exchanger along with water flow, and after the heat exchanger is emptied, the impurities adsorbed on the plate can shrink due to loss of moisture, so that the adsorption force of the impurities on the plate is greatly reduced. The countercurrent flushing of the heat exchanger is characterized in that the structure of the flow channel in the heat exchanger is tortuous and complex, and impurities in the heat exchanger are pushed more and more tightly by water flow once adsorbed on the plate in a normal flow state, so that the impurities cannot be loosened and discharged. The method adopts countercurrent flushing, when the flowing direction of the medium in the heat exchanger is opposite to the normal running direction, impurities adsorbed on the plate can be loosened and shed continuously after the surface of the heat exchange plate is flushed strongly under the action of very high pressure and flow velocity. When the heat exchanger is emptied, water is filled into the heat exchanger rapidly, so that high flow speed and steam-water mixture are manufactured to strike the plate, strong shock waves are generated, and the stripping effect of impurities from the plate is accelerated, so that a good flushing effect is achieved.
The utility model provides a method for cleaning and maintaining a heat exchanger by adopting a physical method on line. Namely, in the process of flushing the heat exchanger, one side of the heat exchanger, which is flushed, is in a short-time (3-5 minutes) stop state, equipment disassembly is not needed, the other side of the heat exchanger can still normally operate, and the normal operation is hardly influenced. Meanwhile, the principle of the utility model is that impurities and rust in the heat exchanger are washed by the pressure of the heat exchange system, chemical agents are not needed, a power source is not needed to be additionally arranged, and the utility model can be implemented in each period of the operation of the heat exchanger. Meanwhile, each valve component of the flushing system can be matched with the original facilities of the heat exchange system. The back flushing operation of the utility model can be performed manually, or the shut-off valve at the interface of the heat exchanger can be transformed into an electric shut-off valve, and the back flushing operation is performed automatically by a specific computer program.
Further, in order to avoid hardening of impurities adhering to the low-temperature side heat exchanger during flushing of the low-temperature side pipeline under baking at the high-temperature side, the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step of the embodiment further includes executing step L before executing the step H, where the step L is to close the first shutoff valve 3 and the second shutoff valve 4 in the high-temperature side pipeline; after executing the step K, a step M is further executed, where the step M is to open the first shut-off valve 3 and the second shut-off valve 4 in the high-temperature side pipeline to restore the normal operation of the high Wen Ceguan pipeline.
Further, as a first preferred embodiment, in the pipe blockage detection alarm step of the present embodiment, corresponding standard amounts are established with the parameters of the first differential pressure sensor 19 and the second differential pressure sensor 20, respectively; when the actual parameter of the first differential pressure sensor 19 is detected to be larger than the corresponding standard quantity by a certain proportion (such as 30 percent) in real time, a high-temperature side pipeline alarm signal is sent, and a high Wen Ceguan-path cleaning step is executed according to the high Wen Ceguan-path alarm signal; when the actual parameter of the second differential pressure sensor 20 is detected to be larger than the corresponding standard quantity by a certain proportion in real time, a low Wen Ceguan-path alarm signal is sent, and the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step is executed according to the low Wen Ceguan-path alarm signal.
Further, as a second preferred embodiment, in the pipe blockage detection alarm step of the present embodiment, a standard amount is established by a difference between the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor 9 and the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor 18, and when it is detected in real time that an actual parameter between the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor 9 and the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor 18 exceeds the standard amount by a certain proportion (e.g., 60%), a heat exchanger pipe alarm signal is sent, and the high Wen Ceguan pipe cleaning step and the low temperature side pipe cleaning step are sequentially performed according to the heat exchanger pipe alarm signal.
Further, the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the water in the high Wen Ceguan path cleaning step and the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step in this embodiment is 0.2MPa or more. The flushing pressure needs to be set at the time of flushing. After the impurities are removed, the impurities can be taken away by water flow only when the flow velocity in the heat exchanger is larger than the suspension flow velocity of the impurities, and the impurities are discharged out of the heat exchanger.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and drawings of the present utility model or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. An online back flush system of heat exchanger, characterized in that: the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger body, and a high-temperature side pipeline and a low-temperature side pipeline which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the heat exchanger body; the high-temperature side pipeline comprises a high-temperature water inlet pipe and a high-temperature water outlet pipe which are respectively arranged at the left side of the heat exchanger body, and the inner end of the high-temperature water inlet pipe is communicated with the inner end of the high-temperature water outlet pipe; the low-temperature side pipeline comprises a low-temperature water outlet pipe and a low-temperature water inlet pipe which are respectively arranged on the right side of the heat exchanger body, and the inner end of the low-temperature water inlet pipe is communicated with the inner end of the low-temperature water outlet pipe;
the high-temperature water inlet pipe is provided with a first shutoff valve, the high-temperature water outlet pipe is provided with a second shutoff valve, a first exhaust valve and a first pressure gauge are arranged on the high-temperature water inlet pipe and between the first shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body, and a first drain valve and a second pressure gauge are arranged on the high-temperature water outlet pipe and between the second shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body;
the low-temperature water inlet pipe is provided with a third shutoff valve, the low-temperature water outlet pipe is provided with a fourth shutoff valve, a second water drain valve and a third pressure gauge are arranged on the low-temperature water inlet pipe and between the third shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body, and a second exhaust valve and a fourth pressure gauge are arranged on the low-temperature water outlet pipe and between the fourth shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body;
a first connecting pipe is communicated between the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve, one end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with a drainage pipeline, a second connecting pipe is communicated between the first water drain valve and the second water drain valve, and one end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the drainage pipeline;
the high-temperature water inlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the left side of the heat exchanger body, and the high-temperature water outlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the left side of the heat exchanger body; the low-temperature water inlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the right side of the heat exchanger body and is in alignment distribution with the high-temperature water outlet pipe, and the low-temperature water outlet pipe is arranged at the upper end of the right side of the heat exchanger body and is in alignment distribution with the high-temperature water inlet pipe;
the high-temperature water outlet pipe is provided with a first thermometer or a first temperature sensor, the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor is arranged between the second shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body, and the low-temperature water inlet pipe is provided with a second thermometer or a second temperature sensor, the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor is arranged between the third shutoff valve and the heat exchanger body.
2. The on-line backwash system of a heat exchanger as recited in claim 1 wherein: a first differential pressure sensor is arranged between the high-temperature water inlet pipe and the high-temperature water outlet pipe, and a second differential pressure sensor is arranged between the low-temperature water inlet pipe and the low-temperature water outlet pipe.
3. The on-line backwash system of a heat exchanger as recited in claim 1 wherein: the caliber of the pipeline of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe is 32-40mm.
4. An online back flushing method of a heat exchanger is characterized in that: the online heat exchanger backwashing system is characterized by comprising an online heat exchanger backwashing system, wherein the online heat exchanger backwashing system is provided by any one of claims 1-3, and the online heat exchanger backwashing method comprises a pipeline blockage detection and alarm step, a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step and a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step;
the pipeline blockage detection alarming step comprises the steps of establishing a standard quantity, detecting actual parameters corresponding to the standard quantity in real time, sending corresponding pipeline blockage alarming signals when the actual parameters exceed the standard quantity by a certain proportion, and independently executing a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step or a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step or sequentially executing a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step and a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step according to the pipeline blockage alarming signals;
the high-temperature side pipeline cleaning step comprises the following steps:
step A: closing a first shutoff valve and a second shutoff valve in the high-temperature side pipeline, and opening a first exhaust valve and a first water drain valve to drain all water reserved in the high-temperature side pipeline;
and (B) step (B): closing a first water drain valve on the high-temperature water outlet pipe, rapidly opening a second shutoff valve on the high-temperature water outlet pipe to flush the heat exchanger by using the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of water in a high Wen Ceguan path, continuously flushing for 30-50s after water is discharged from the first exhaust valve, closing the second shutoff valve after flushing is finished, and then opening the first water drain valve to drain water reserved in the high-temperature side pipeline;
step C: repeatedly executing the process of the step B until the water flowing out of the first exhaust valve becomes clear, and closing the first water drain valve;
step D: slowly opening the second shutoff valve, closing the first exhaust valve after the high-temperature side pipeline is filled with water, and opening the first shutoff valve to recover the normal operation of the high Wen Ceguan pipeline;
the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step comprises the following steps:
step H: closing a third shut-off valve and a fourth shut-off valve in the low-temperature side pipeline, and opening a second exhaust valve and a second water drain valve to completely drain water reserved in the low-temperature side pipeline;
step I: closing a second water drain valve on the low-temperature water outlet pipe, rapidly opening a fourth shutoff valve on the low-temperature water outlet pipe to flush the heat exchanger by utilizing the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the water in the low-temperature side pipeline, continuously flushing for 30-50s after water is leaked in the second exhaust valve, closing the fourth shutoff valve after flushing is finished, and then opening the second water drain valve to empty the water reserved in the low-temperature side pipeline;
step J: repeatedly executing the process of the step I until the water flowing out of the second exhaust valve becomes clear, and closing the second water drain valve;
step K: and slowly opening the fourth shutoff valve, closing the second exhaust valve after the low-temperature side pipeline is filled with water, and opening the third shutoff valve to recover the normal operation of the low-temperature side pipeline.
5. The on-line back flushing method of a heat exchanger as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step, a step L is further performed before the step H is performed, wherein the step L is to close a first shutoff valve and a second shutoff valve in the high-temperature side pipeline; after executing the step K, executing a step M, wherein the step M is to open a first shutoff valve and a second shutoff valve in the high-temperature side pipeline so as to recover the normal operation of the high Wen Ceguan pipeline.
6. The on-line back flushing method of a heat exchanger as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the pipeline blockage detection and alarm step, corresponding standard quantities are respectively established according to parameters of a first differential pressure sensor and a second differential pressure sensor;
when the actual parameter of the first differential pressure sensor is detected to be larger than the corresponding standard quantity by a certain proportion in real time, a high-temperature side pipeline alarm signal is sent, and a high Wen Ceguan path cleaning step is executed according to the high Wen Ceguan path alarm signal;
and when the actual parameter of the second differential pressure sensor is detected to be larger than the corresponding standard quantity by a certain proportion in real time, transmitting a low Wen Ceguan-path alarm signal, and executing a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step according to the low Wen Ceguan-path alarm signal.
7. The on-line back flushing method of a heat exchanger as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the pipeline blockage detection and alarm step, a standard quantity is established by using a difference value between a first thermometer or a first temperature sensor and a second thermometer or a second temperature sensor, and when the actual parameter between the first thermometer or the first temperature sensor and the second thermometer or the second temperature sensor detected in real time exceeds the standard quantity by a certain proportion, a heat exchanger pipeline alarm signal is sent, and a high Wen Ceguan pipeline cleaning step and a low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step are sequentially executed according to the heat exchanger pipeline alarm signal.
8. The on-line back flushing method of a heat exchanger as set forth in claim 4, wherein: and the flushing pressure of the reverse circulation flow direction of the water in the high-temperature side pipeline cleaning step and the low-temperature side pipeline cleaning step is more than or equal to 0.2MPa.
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| CN111721153B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-06-04 | 沈阳楚峡能源科技有限公司 | Waste water waste heat recovery system, preheating heat exchanger automatic decontamination device and automatic decontamination method |
| CN112556448A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-26 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cooling system |
| CN112665449B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-08-23 | 北京首创环境科技有限公司 | Full-automatic self-cleaning plate type heat exchange device and cleaning control method |
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