CN109096111A - A kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate - Google Patents

A kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109096111A
CN109096111A CN201811058095.7A CN201811058095A CN109096111A CN 109096111 A CN109096111 A CN 109096111A CN 201811058095 A CN201811058095 A CN 201811058095A CN 109096111 A CN109096111 A CN 109096111A
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Prior art keywords
chloro
methyl
chloroformate
synthetic method
synthesis reactor
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CN201811058095.7A
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Inventor
陈永贵
黄中桂
蔡小林
袁晓林
杨镭
王先武
罗立忠
袁树林
章子虎
张俊
丁锐
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Anhui Dongzhi Guangxin Agrochemical Co Ltd
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Anhui Dongzhi Guangxin Agrochemical Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C68/00Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C07C68/02Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids from phosgene or haloformates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C68/00Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C68/00Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
    • C07C68/08Purification; Separation; Stabilisation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate, methanol and phosgene are passed through reaction tower, and liquid flows in reserve tank after synthesis, and gas is collected by condenser;Nitrogen is passed into inside synthesis reactor from top and catches up with gas, catches up with gas from chlorine progress in bottom is secondary, then methylchloroformate is atomized;First high-pressure lamp is lighted, starting stirring and temperature control, methylchloroformate is sprayed from top and is entered in kettle, liquid methylchloroformate is added from bottom portion simultaneously, start return-flow system, circulating reflux simultaneously detects chloro-methyl-chloroformate changes of contents, is passed through nitrogen after the reaction was completed and carries out catching up with gas and be condensed, distilled in kettle, heavy distillat it is cooling chloro-methyl-chloroformate;The present invention promotes going on smoothly for reaction, operation of the present invention is simple using infrared ray, ultraviolet light and visible light auxiliary heating, good economy performance, great market potential, promotional value are high, can industrialized production, make product content not less than 98%, the quantity of other chlorides is no more than 0.0002%.

Description

A kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate
Technical field
The present invention relates to pesticide synthesis technology fields, and in particular to a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate.
Background technique
Chloro-methyl-chloroformate, colourless liquid have stink, severe toxicity.Dissolve in a variety of organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol, ether.It is used as The intermediate of medicine, pesticide, also makees military tear gas.
In Olofson, R.A. and Martz, the DE.3241568 (1983) of J.T is disclosed to be reacted with formaldehyde and phosgene Method to prepare Lyu's acid adding chloro methyl esters, uses PhCH2Bu3When NCl is as catalyst, yield 42%;With [(Bu2N)2CCl]+ Cl-When as catalyst, yield be can be improved to 91.5%;But phosgene quite dangerous used is unsuitable for industrialized production, and institute With expensive catalyst, it is not suitable for industrializing yet.
It is disclosed in Sekine, the JP08040986 (1996) of Yasuo et al. and uses ClCO2Me and SO2Cl2Reaction preparation The method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate, but product does not separate.
It is disclosed in the DE.3826584 (1989) of MoqyorodiFerenc et al. logical using methylchloroformate and chlorine Cross the method that liquid phase Light chlorimation prepares chloro-methyl-chloroformate, wherein use up as visible light, be passed through in reaction solution by control The amount of chlorine, control conversion.When conversion ratio is 40%, the selectivity of chloro-methyl-chloroformate can reach 99.7%, and yield is 98%;When conversion ratio is 88%, the content of chloro-methyl-chloroformate is 70.5%, yield 61.9%, and dichloro- by-product is 29.6%, yield 26%;When conversion ratio is 96%, the content of chloro-methyl-chloroformate is 63.8%, yield 61.2%, two Chloro by-product is 33.9%, yield 32.5%, and three chloro by-products contents are 2.4%, yield 23%.Liquid phase chlorination is anti- Should by control conversion ratio, improve the content of chloro-methyl-chloroformate, production efficiency is lower, the yield of primary first-order equation less than 40%, The rate of recovery of raw material needs more equipment.
Therefore, need a kind of high production efficiency, avoid that more chlorinations carry out, product and reactant it is segregative The synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of high production efficiency, it is avoiding that more chlorinations carry out, produce The synthetic method of object and the segregative chloro-methyl-chloroformate of reactant.
Purpose to realize the present invention, the technical solution adopted is that: a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate, the synthesis Method the following steps are included:
1) synthesis of methylchloroformate: methanol is added in reaction tower by flowmeter, and phosgene passes through buffer and flowmeter Into reaction tower, phosgene remains 1.05~1.1:1 to the molar ratio of methanol, and temperature is controlled at 35~40 DEG C, reacts 2~3h, The content of methylchloroformate is more than 90% in Synthesis liquid at this time, and liquid flows in reserve tank for use, after gas is collected by condenser Tower is destroyed into tail gas, cooling methylchloroformate liquid instills reserve tank;
The tail gas destroys the downstream connection hydrochloric acid absorption tower of tower, the downstream connection hydrochloric acid reserve tank of the hydrochloric acid absorption tower With tail gas liberation port;
The tail gas, which destroys inside tower, phosgene decomposition catalyst;
2) synthesis of chloro-methyl-chloroformate: the nitrogen after dry removal of impurities is passed into inside synthesis reactor from top and is caught up with 30~60min of gas, then from bottom be passed through chlorine after dry removal of impurities carry out it is secondary catch up with 10~30min of gas, then step 1 is synthesized Methylchloroformate is delivered to atomizer and is atomized;
First the high-pressure lamp being arranged in inside synthesis reactor is lighted, starting stirring starts program-controlled thermostat A and program-controlled thermostat B controls the temperature of synthesis reactor upper and lower part respectively, then from top by the methylchloroformate being atomized by sprayer it is spraying into Enter into synthesis reactor, and simultaneously from synthesis reactor bottom be added liquid methylchloroformate, start return-flow system, circulating reflux 1~ For 24 hours, the changes of contents of flow liquid detection chloro-methyl-chloroformate is fetched at interval of 30~60min, it is constant to chloro-methyl-chloroformate content When stop reaction;
The program-controlled thermostat A connects the upper half of synthesis reactor by heat preservation connecting tube, and program-controlled thermostat B is connected by heat preservation The lower half of adapter tube connection synthesis reactor;
Thermal insulation board is provided in the middle part of the synthesis reactor, wherein gas-liquid hole is provided on thermal insulation board;
The return-flow system includes synthesis reactor, reflux cycle pump and reflux atomizer, wherein reflux atomizer and spraying Device is symmetrical arranged;
The chlorine for participating in reaction and methylchloroformate total moles ratio are 1:3.5~5, wherein the chloromethane being atomized The molar ratio of sour methyl esters and synthesis reactor bottom liquid methylchloroformate is 1~1.5:2~4;
3) separation of chloro-methyl-chloroformate: after the reaction was completed, stop heating, stop stirring, stop reflux, be passed through high temperature Under nitrogen carry out catching up with 10~30min of gas and be condensed using condenser, condensate liquid is applied in atomizer, controls program-controlled perseverance Warm slot A and program-controlled thermostat B distills the raising of synthesis reactor temperature, is condensed and is applied in atomizer using condenser, steams Evaporate interprocedual every 30~45min take solid detection chloro-methyl-chloroformate changes of contents, when its content is constant, cool to It saves at 2~8 DEG C to get chloro-methyl-chloroformate.
Preferably, condenser is divided into condenser A and condenser B in the synthetic method step 1, wherein cold in condenser A Source temperature is set as 65~70 DEG C, and the sink temperature of condenser B is set as 10~60 DEG C.
Preferably, the gas of gas is caught up with to pass through removal of impurities drying device in the synthetic method step 2, wherein removal of impurities is dry Active carbon and active molecular sieve are filled with inside dry device, wherein the both ends of active molecular sieve are arranged in active carbon.
Preferably, the synthetic method step 2 mesohigh lamp is set as infrared high-voltage lamp or ultraviolet light high-pressure lamp or can Light-exposed high-pressure lamp, wherein high-pressure lamp is arranged in quartz glass tube;
The high-pressure lamp is arranged on the inner wall of synthesis reactor, wherein the number of high-pressure lamp is set as 4~8.
Preferably, program-controlled thermostat A is identical as the temperature of the synthesis reactor upper half in the synthetic method step 2, is set as 75~105 DEG C;
Program-controlled thermostat B is identical as the temperature of the lower half of synthesis reactor, is set as 20~70 DEG C.
Preferably, the nitrogen of gas is caught up with to first pass through dry exclusion device, the temperature setting of nitrogen in the synthetic method step 3 It is 75~105 DEG C.
Preferably, condenser is arranged at the upper outlet of synthesis reactor in the synthetic method step 3, the condensation of condenser Temperature setting is 20~70 DEG C.
Preferably, the temperature phase in the synthetic method step 3 in program-controlled thermostat A, program-controlled thermostat B and synthesis reactor Together, 75~105 DEG C are disposed as.
The principle of the present invention are as follows: methanol and phosgene reaction generate methylchloroformate, chemical equation are as follows:
Methylchloroformate and chlorine generate chloro-methyl-chloroformate, chemical equation under high-pressure lamp effect are as follows:
The invention has the benefit that the synthetic method strict control reaction temperature of chloro-methyl-chloroformate of the present invention, science Various raw materials are matched, promotes rapid reaction to carry out by the way of spraying and circulating reflux, and improve product purity, has avoided Noxious material discharge, it is environmental-friendly, it assists heating using infrared ray, ultraviolet light and visible light, promotes going on smoothly for reaction, this Invent easy to operate, good economy performance, great market potential, promotional value is high, can industrialized production, contain chloro-methyl-chloroformate product Amount is not less than 98%, and the quantity of other chlorides is no more than 0.0002%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flowage structure simplified schematic diagram of the synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that Described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the implementation in the present invention Example, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to The scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate, the synthesis Method the following steps are included:
1) synthesis of methylchloroformate: methanol is added in reaction tower by flowmeter, and phosgene passes through buffer and flowmeter Into reaction tower, phosgene remains 1.05:1 to the molar ratio of methanol, and temperature controls at 35~40 DEG C, reacts 2~3h, close at this time Content at methylchloroformate in liquid is more than 90%, and liquid flows in reserve tank for use, and gas enters tail after being collected by condenser Gas destroys tower, and cooling methylchloroformate liquid instills reserve tank;
The tail gas destroys the downstream connection hydrochloric acid absorption tower of tower, the downstream connection hydrochloric acid reserve tank of the hydrochloric acid absorption tower With tail gas liberation port;
The tail gas, which destroys inside tower, phosgene decomposition catalyst;
2) synthesis of chloro-methyl-chloroformate: the nitrogen after dry removal of impurities is passed into inside synthesis reactor from top and is caught up with Gas 45min, then be passed through the chlorine after dry removal of impurities from bottom and carry out secondary catching up with gas 15min, then the chloro-carbonic acid first that step 1 is synthesized Ester is delivered to atomizer and is atomized;
First the high-pressure lamp being arranged in inside synthesis reactor is lighted, starting stirring starts program-controlled thermostat A and program-controlled thermostat B controls the temperature of synthesis reactor upper and lower part respectively, then from top by the methylchloroformate being atomized by sprayer it is spraying into Enter into synthesis reactor, and simultaneously from synthesis reactor bottom be added liquid methylchloroformate, start return-flow system, circulating reflux 1~ For 24 hours, the changes of contents that flow liquid detection chloro-methyl-chloroformate is fetched at interval of 30min, stops when chloro-methyl-chloroformate content is constant Only react;
The program-controlled thermostat A connects the upper half of synthesis reactor by heat preservation connecting tube, and program-controlled thermostat B is connected by heat preservation The lower half of adapter tube connection synthesis reactor;
Thermal insulation board is provided in the middle part of the synthesis reactor, wherein gas-liquid hole is provided on thermal insulation board;
The return-flow system includes synthesis reactor, reflux cycle pump and reflux atomizer, wherein reflux atomizer and spraying Device is symmetrical arranged;
The chlorine for participating in reaction and methylchloroformate total moles ratio are 1:4.5, wherein the chloro-carbonic acid first being atomized The molar ratio of ester and synthesis reactor bottom liquid methylchloroformate is 1.5:3;
3) separation of chloro-methyl-chloroformate: after the reaction was completed, stop heating, stop stirring, stop reflux, be passed through high temperature Under nitrogen carry out catching up with gas 30min and be condensed using condenser, condensate liquid is applied in atomizer, controls program-controlled thermostat A and program-controlled thermostat B distills the raising of synthesis reactor temperature, is condensed and is applied in atomizer using condenser, distilled Journey interval 30min takes the changes of contents of solid detection chloro-methyl-chloroformate to cool when its content is constant at 2~8 DEG C It saves to get chloro-methyl-chloroformate.
Further, condenser is divided into condenser A and condenser B in the synthetic method step 1, wherein in condenser A Sink temperature is set as 65 DEG C, and the sink temperature of condenser B is set as 20 DEG C.
Further, the gas of gas is caught up with to pass through removal of impurities drying device in the synthetic method step 2, wherein removal of impurities Active carbon and active molecular sieve are filled with inside drying device, wherein the both ends of active molecular sieve are arranged in active carbon.
Further, the synthetic method step 2 mesohigh lamp be set as infrared high-voltage lamp or ultraviolet light high-pressure lamp or Visible light high-pressure lamp, wherein high-pressure lamp is arranged in quartz glass tube;
The high-pressure lamp is arranged on the inner wall of synthesis reactor, wherein the number of high-pressure lamp is set as 4~8.
Further, program-controlled thermostat A is identical as the temperature of the synthesis reactor upper half in the synthetic method step 2, setting It is 75 DEG C;
Program-controlled thermostat B is identical as the temperature of the lower half of synthesis reactor, is set as 30 DEG C.
Further, the nitrogen of gas is caught up with to first pass through dry exclusion device in the synthetic method step 3, the temperature of nitrogen is set It is set to 75 DEG C.
Further, condenser is arranged at the upper outlet of synthesis reactor in the synthetic method step 3, condenser it is cold Solidifying temperature setting is 30 DEG C.
Further, the temperature phase in the synthetic method step 3 in program-controlled thermostat A, program-controlled thermostat B and synthesis reactor Together, 75 DEG C are disposed as.
Wherein, the purity of chloro-methyl-chloroformate product is not less than 98%;
Wherein, the quantity of other chlorides is no more than 0.0002%.
In the present invention, the synthetic method strict control reaction temperature of chloro-methyl-chloroformate of the present invention, scientific matching are various Raw material promotes rapid reaction to carry out, and improves product purity by the way of spraying and circulating reflux, and noxious material is avoided to arrange It puts, it is environmental-friendly, it assists heating using infrared ray, ultraviolet light and visible light, promotes going on smoothly for reaction, operation of the present invention Simply, good economy performance, great market potential, promotional value is high, can industrialized production.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method the following steps are included:
1) synthesis of methylchloroformate: methanol is added in reaction tower by flowmeter, and phosgene is entered by buffer and flowmeter Reaction tower, phosgene remain 1.05~1.1:1 to the molar ratio of methanol, and temperature is controlled at 35~40 DEG C, react 2~3h, at this time The content of methylchloroformate is more than 90% in Synthesis liquid, and liquid flows in reserve tank for use, and gas enters after being collected by condenser Tail gas destroys tower, and cooling methylchloroformate liquid instills reserve tank;
The tail gas destroys the downstream connection hydrochloric acid absorption tower of tower, the downstream connection hydrochloric acid reserve tank and tail of the hydrochloric acid absorption tower Gas liberation port;
The tail gas, which destroys inside tower, phosgene decomposition catalyst;
2) synthesis of chloro-methyl-chloroformate: the nitrogen after dry removal of impurities is passed into from top and carries out catching up with gas 30 inside synthesis reactor ~60min, then be passed through the chlorine after dry removal of impurities from bottom and carry out secondary catching up with 10~30min of gas, then the chloromethane that step 1 is synthesized Sour methyl esters is delivered to atomizer and is atomized;
First the high-pressure lamp being arranged in inside synthesis reactor is lighted, starting stirring starts program-controlled thermostat A and program-controlled thermostat B points Not Kong Zhi synthesis reactor upper and lower part temperature, then entered by spraying from top by the methylchloroformate being atomized by sprayer In synthesis reactor, and liquid methylchloroformate is added from synthesis reactor bottom simultaneously, starts return-flow system, circulating reflux 1~for 24 hours, often 30~60min of interval fetches the changes of contents of flow liquid detection chloro-methyl-chloroformate, stops when chloro-methyl-chloroformate content is constant Reaction;
The program-controlled thermostat A connects the upper half of synthesis reactor by heat preservation connecting tube, and program-controlled thermostat B passes through heat preservation connecting tube Connect the lower half of synthesis reactor;
Thermal insulation board is provided in the middle part of the synthesis reactor, wherein gas-liquid hole is provided on thermal insulation board;
The return-flow system includes synthesis reactor, reflux cycle pump and reflux atomizer, wherein reflux atomizer and sprayer pair Claim setting;
The chlorine for participating in reaction and methylchloroformate total moles ratio are 1:3.5~5, wherein the chloro-carbonic acid first being atomized The molar ratio of ester and synthesis reactor bottom liquid methylchloroformate is 1~1.5:2~4;
3) separation of chloro-methyl-chloroformate: after the reaction was completed, stop heating, stop stirring, stop reflux, be passed through under high temperature Nitrogen is carried out catching up with 10~30min of gas and be condensed using condenser, and condensate liquid is applied in atomizer, controls program-controlled thermostat A and program-controlled thermostat B distills the raising of synthesis reactor temperature, is condensed and is applied in atomizer using condenser, distilled 30~45min of journey interval takes the changes of contents of solid detection chloro-methyl-chloroformate to cool when its content is constant to 2~8 It saves at DEG C to get chloro-methyl-chloroformate.
2. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method step Condenser is divided into condenser A and condenser B in rapid 1, wherein sink temperature is set as 65~70 DEG C in condenser A, condenser B Sink temperature be set as 10~60 DEG C.
3. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method step The gas of gas is caught up with to pass through removal of impurities drying device in rapid 2, wherein to be filled with active carbon and activity point inside removal of impurities drying device Son sieve, wherein the both ends of active molecular sieve are arranged in active carbon.
4. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method step Rapid 2 mesohigh lamp is set as infrared high-voltage lamp or ultraviolet light high-pressure lamp or visible light high-pressure lamp, wherein high-pressure lamp is arranged in stone In English glass tube;
The high-pressure lamp is arranged on the inner wall of synthesis reactor, wherein the number of high-pressure lamp is set as 4~8.
5. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method step Program-controlled thermostat A is identical as the temperature of the synthesis reactor upper half in rapid 2, is set as 75~105 DEG C;
Program-controlled thermostat B is identical as the temperature of the lower half of synthesis reactor, is set as 20~70 DEG C.
6. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method step The nitrogen of gas is caught up with to first pass through dry exclusion device in rapid 3, the temperature setting of nitrogen is 75~105 DEG C.
7. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method step Condenser is arranged at the upper outlet of synthesis reactor in rapid 3, and the condensation temperature of condenser is set as 20~70 DEG C.
8. a kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synthetic method step Program-controlled thermostat A, program-controlled thermostat B are identical with the temperature in synthesis reactor in rapid 3, are disposed as 75~105 DEG C.
CN201811058095.7A 2018-09-11 2018-09-11 A kind of synthetic method of chloro-methyl-chloroformate Pending CN109096111A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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CN111957277A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-20 宜都市友源实业有限公司 Production system and method for continuous chlorination of chloromethyl chloroformate
CN112300001A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-02 宁夏瑞泰科技股份有限公司 Production method for co-production of ethyl chloroformate and ethyl chloride
CN112552176A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-26 安徽广信农化股份有限公司 Synthesis process of methyl chloroformate
CN113527102A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-22 安徽东至广信农化有限公司 Synthetic method of methyl chloroformate

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111957277A (en) * 2020-08-24 2020-11-20 宜都市友源实业有限公司 Production system and method for continuous chlorination of chloromethyl chloroformate
CN112300001A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-02 宁夏瑞泰科技股份有限公司 Production method for co-production of ethyl chloroformate and ethyl chloride
CN112552176A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-03-26 安徽广信农化股份有限公司 Synthesis process of methyl chloroformate
CN112552176B (en) * 2020-12-09 2023-04-11 安徽广信农化股份有限公司 Synthesis process of methyl chloroformate
CN113527102A (en) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-22 安徽东至广信农化有限公司 Synthetic method of methyl chloroformate

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Application publication date: 20181228