CN109095301B - An elevator control method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
An elevator control method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
- B66B1/06—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
- B66B1/3415—Control system configuration and the data transmission or communication within the control system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明实施例涉及PID控制技术领域,尤其涉及一种电梯控制方法、装置、设备和介质。Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of PID control, and in particular, to an elevator control method, device, device, and medium.
背景技术Background technique
随着PID(Proportion-Integral-Derivative,比例-积分-微分)控制技术的发展,PID控制器具有诸如结构简单、计算量小、易于实现以及鲁棒性强等优点,被广泛应用于冶金、化工、电力和机械等各种工业过程控制中。With the development of PID (Proportion-Integral-Derivative, proportional-integral-derivative) control technology, PID controllers have the advantages of simple structure, small calculation, easy implementation and strong robustness, and are widely used in metallurgy, chemical industry , electric power and machinery and other industrial process control.
目前,电梯变频驱动过程也引入了PID控制技术中的速度环PI(Proportional-Integral,比例-积分)控制器来对电梯进行控制。具体而言,现有速度环PI控制器的参数通常需要依靠工程师所积累的现场调节经验来确定。在电梯变频驱动中,速度环PI参数是固定的,即电梯轿厢在不同载重情况下都是采用相同的速度环PI参数进行调速控制的,导致电梯轿厢难以在不同载重情况下达到理想的运行效果,影响乘客乘坐电梯的舒适度。At present, the speed loop PI (Proportional-Integral, proportional-integral) controller in the PID control technology is also introduced in the elevator variable frequency drive process to control the elevator. Specifically, the parameters of the existing speed loop PI controller usually need to be determined by the on-site adjustment experience accumulated by engineers. In the elevator variable frequency drive, the speed loop PI parameter is fixed, that is, the elevator car adopts the same speed loop PI parameter for speed control under different load conditions, which makes it difficult for the elevator car to achieve the ideal under different load conditions. The operating effect of the elevator will affect the comfort of passengers taking the elevator.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明实施例提供一种电梯控制方法、装置、设备和介质,以依据电梯轿厢载重自动调节速度环PI控制器的参数,提高电梯轿厢的运行效果。The embodiments of the present invention provide an elevator control method, device, equipment and medium, so as to automatically adjust the parameters of the speed loop PI controller according to the load of the elevator car, so as to improve the running effect of the elevator car.
第一方面,本发明实施例提供了一种电梯控制方法,该方法包括:In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an elevator control method, the method comprising:
获取电梯轿厢的载重信息;Obtain the load information of the elevator car;
依据所述载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量;Determine the moment of inertia on the motor shaft according to the load information;
依据所述电机轴上的转动惯量,调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数;According to the moment of inertia on the motor shaft, adjust the speed loop PI parameter of the elevator controller;
按照调整后的速度环PI参数,对所述电梯的运行状态进行控制。According to the adjusted speed loop PI parameters, the running state of the elevator is controlled.
第二方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种电梯控制装置,该装置包括:In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an elevator control device, the device comprising:
载重信息获取模块,用于获取电梯轿厢的载重信息;The load information acquisition module is used to obtain the load information of the elevator car;
转动惯量确定模块,用于依据所述载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量;a moment of inertia determination module, used for determining the moment of inertia on the motor shaft according to the load information;
参数调整模块,用于依据所述电机轴上的转动惯量,调整电梯控制器的速The parameter adjustment module is used to adjust the speed of the elevator controller according to the moment of inertia on the motor shaft
度环PI参数;Degree loop PI parameters;
电梯控制模块,用于按照调整后的速度环PI参数,对所述电梯的运行状态进行控制。The elevator control module is used for controlling the running state of the elevator according to the adjusted speed loop PI parameter.
第三方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种设备,应用于电梯控制系统,该设备包括:In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device, which is applied to an elevator control system, and the device includes:
一个或多个处理器;one or more processors;
存储装置,用于存储一个或多个程序;a storage device for storing one or more programs;
当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行,使得所述一个或多个处理器实现如本发明任意实施例所述的电梯控制方法。When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the elevator control method according to any embodiment of the present invention.
第四方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现如本发明任意实施例所述的电梯控制方法。In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, implements the elevator control method according to any embodiment of the present invention.
本发明实施例通过实时获取电梯轿厢的载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量,进而实时调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数,以实现对电梯运行状态的实时控制,解决了电梯轿厢难以在不同载重情况下达到理想运行效果的问题,可以依据电梯轿厢载重自动调节电梯控制器的参数,提高了乘客乘坐电梯的舒适度。The embodiment of the present invention obtains the load information of the elevator car in real time, determines the moment of inertia on the motor shaft, and then adjusts the speed loop PI parameter of the elevator controller in real time, so as to realize the real-time control of the running state of the elevator, and solve the problem that the elevator car is difficult to To achieve the ideal running effect under different load conditions, the parameters of the elevator controller can be automatically adjusted according to the elevator car load, which improves the comfort of passengers riding the elevator.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例一提供的一种电梯控制方法的流程图;Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an elevator control method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例二提供的另一种电梯控制方法的流程图;2 is a flowchart of another elevator control method provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例三提供的一种电梯控制装置的结构示意图;3 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator control device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例四提供的一种设备的结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明,而非对本发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是,为了便于描述,附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部结构。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the drawings only show some but not all structures related to the present invention.
实施例一Example 1
图1为本发明实施例一提供的一种电梯控制方法的流程图,本实施例可适用于基于速度环PI控制器对电梯进行控制的情况,该方法可以由本发明实施例提供的电梯控制装置或设备来执行,该装置可采用软件和/或硬件的方式实现。如图1所示,具体包括如下步骤:1 is a flowchart of an elevator control method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to the situation in which the elevator is controlled based on the speed loop PI controller. The method can be provided by the elevator control device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. or equipment, and the apparatus may be implemented in software and/or hardware. As shown in Figure 1, it specifically includes the following steps:
S101,获取电梯轿厢的载重信息。S101, acquiring load information of an elevator car.
其中,电梯轿厢的载重信息可以是与电梯载重相关的信息,如可以是电梯轿厢当前时刻所负担的重量,也可以是电梯轿厢当前时刻的载重百分比信息。其中,载重百分比信息可以是电梯当前时刻所负担的重量占满载时重量的百分比。The load information of the elevator car may be information related to the elevator load, such as the weight borne by the elevator car at the current moment, or the load percentage information of the elevator car at the current moment. The load percentage information may be the percentage of the weight borne by the elevator at the current moment to the weight at full load.
可选的,在本发明实施例中,获取电梯轿厢的载重信息时,可以是直接通过电梯上设置的称重模块实时获取电梯轿厢所负担的重量,也可以是无需设置称重模块,在电梯运行过程中,获取所述电梯轿厢的载重百分比信息,例如,通过检测电梯运行时的其他数据(如补偿力矩),来计算电梯轿厢的载重百分比信息。Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, when acquiring the load information of the elevator car, the weight borne by the elevator car may be obtained in real time directly through the weighing module set on the elevator, or it may be without setting the weighing module. During the operation of the elevator, the load percentage information of the elevator car is obtained, for example, the load percentage information of the elevator car is calculated by detecting other data (such as compensation torque) when the elevator is running.
可选的,电梯在静止状态下,等待乘客进出,因此在电梯每次启动运行时,可能会出现电梯轿厢载重发生变化的情况,而在电梯运行过程中,电梯轿厢关闭,禁止出入,其载重通常不发生变化,因此,在获取电梯轿厢的载重信息时,可以是每一次启动运行时获取一次本次启动对应的电梯轿厢的载重信息。Optionally, the elevator is in a stationary state, waiting for passengers to enter and exit, so each time the elevator starts to run, the load of the elevator car may change, and during the elevator operation, the elevator car is closed, and entry and exit are prohibited. The load usually does not change. Therefore, when obtaining the load information of the elevator car, the load information of the elevator car corresponding to the current start can be obtained every time the operation is started.
需要说明的是,本发明实施例中的载重信息不限于电梯轿厢当前时刻所负担的重量和载重百分比,还可以是其他与电梯载重相关的,且能够最终计算出电机轴上的转动惯量的信息,对此本发明实施例不进行限定。It should be noted that the load information in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the weight and load percentage borne by the elevator car at the current moment, but may also be other information related to the elevator load, and can finally calculate the moment of inertia on the motor shaft. information, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
S102,依据载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量。S102, according to the load information, determine the moment of inertia on the motor shaft.
其中,电机轴是支承转动零部件、传递力矩和确定转动零部件对定子的相对位置的轴。电机轴上的转动惯量可以是电梯轿厢在当前运行状态下,绕电机的转轴转动时惯性的量度。可选的,本发明实施例中的电机可以是电梯曳引电机,也可以是电梯上的其他用于驱动电梯变频运动的电机。Among them, the motor shaft is the shaft that supports the rotating parts, transmits the torque and determines the relative position of the rotating parts to the stator. The moment of inertia on the motor shaft may be a measure of the inertia of the elevator car when it rotates around the shaft of the motor in the current running state. Optionally, the motor in the embodiment of the present invention may be an elevator traction motor, or may be other motors on the elevator for driving the elevator to move with variable frequency.
可选的,根据载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量时,若载重信息为电梯轿厢当前时刻所负担的重量,则可以是系统按照预设的转动惯量的计算公式,根据电梯轿厢当前时刻所负担的重量,来计算当前时刻电梯运行时电机轴上的转动惯量。Optionally, when determining the moment of inertia on the motor shaft according to the load information, if the load information is the weight borne by the elevator car at the current moment, it can be the calculation formula of the system according to the preset moment of inertia, according to the current moment of the elevator car. Calculate the moment of inertia on the motor shaft when the elevator is running at the current moment.
若电梯为无称重电梯,无法准确测得电梯轿厢当前时刻所负担的重量,则可以是先让电梯轿厢呈空载状态(即电梯轿厢内为0%负载的状态)下启动运行,系统按照预设算法计算出此时对应电机轴上的空载转动惯量J_empty,然后再让电梯轿厢呈满载状态(电梯轿厢内为100%负载的状态)下启动运行,系统按照预设算法计算出此时对应的电机轴上的满载转动惯量J_full,最后再根据载重信息(如当前载重百分比wp),按照公式J_cal=J_empty+(J_full-J_empty)×wp计算电梯当前启动运行状态下的电机轴上的转动惯量。If the elevator is a non-weighing elevator and the weight of the elevator car at the current moment cannot be accurately measured, then the elevator car can be started to run in a no-load state (that is, a state of 0% load in the elevator car). , the system calculates the no-load moment of inertia J _empty on the corresponding motor shaft according to the preset algorithm, and then starts the elevator car in a fully loaded state (100% load in the elevator car). Let the algorithm calculate the full load moment of inertia J _full on the corresponding motor shaft at this time, and finally according to the load information (such as the current load percentage w p ), according to the formula J _cal = J _empty + (J _full -J _empty )×w p Calculate the moment of inertia on the motor shaft when the elevator is currently running.
需要说明的时,本申请确定电梯当前启动运行时电机轴上的转动惯量的方法不限于以上两种,其可以是任何一种根据载重信息确定电机轴上的转动惯量的方法,根据载重信息的不同,可采用不同的算法公式进行计算得到电机轴上的转动惯量,本发明实施例对此不进行限定。When it needs to be explained, the method for determining the moment of inertia on the motor shaft when the elevator is currently running is not limited to the above two, it can be any method for determining the moment of inertia on the motor shaft according to the load information, according to the load information. Different, different algorithm formulas may be used to obtain the moment of inertia on the motor shaft, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
S103,依据电机轴上的转动惯量,调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数。S103, according to the moment of inertia on the motor shaft, adjust the speed loop PI parameter of the elevator controller.
其中,速度环PI参数至少包括比例系数kap和积分系数kip,其是调节电梯变频驱动的的两个重要参数。电梯控制器可以是控制电器运行的控制单元,可以是电梯的总控制单元,也可以是某一子控制单元,可选的,本实施例的电梯控制器可以是速度环PI控制器。速度环PI参数的公式如下:Among them, the speed loop PI parameters at least include proportional coefficient k ap and integral coefficient k ip , which are two important parameters for adjusting the variable frequency drive of the elevator. The elevator controller may be a control unit that controls the operation of electrical appliances, a general control unit of the elevator, or a sub-control unit. Optionally, the elevator controller in this embodiment may be a speed loop PI controller. The formula of the speed loop PI parameter is as follows:
其中,kap为速度环PI参数中的比例系数,kip为速度环PI参数中的积分系数,J_cal为电梯当前启动运行状态下的电机轴上的转动惯量,为速度环期望开环截止频率,Kt为电机转矩常数。Among them, k ap is the proportional coefficient in the speed loop PI parameter, k ip is the integral coefficient in the speed loop PI parameter, J _cal is the moment of inertia on the motor shaft under the current starting and running state of the elevator, is the desired open-loop cut-off frequency of the speed loop, and K t is the motor torque constant.
具体的,在本发明实施例中,上述速度环PI参数公式中电梯当前启动运行状态下的电机轴上的转动惯量J_cal并不是固定不变的,而是随着每次电梯轿厢的启动运行计算对应的电机轴上的转动转动惯量J_cal,并将每一次计算得到的电机轴上的转动惯量J_cal,代入上述速度环PI参数的公式,不断调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数(即比例系数kap和积分系数kip)。Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the moment of inertia J_cal on the motor shaft under the current start-up operation state of the elevator in the above-mentioned speed loop PI parameter formula is not fixed, but with each start of the elevator car Run and calculate the moment of inertia J _cal on the corresponding motor shaft, and substitute the moment of inertia J _cal on the motor shaft obtained by each calculation into the above formula of the speed loop PI parameters, and continuously adjust the speed loop PI parameters of the elevator controller ( That is, the proportional coefficient k ap and the integral coefficient k ip ).
需要说明的是,本发明实施例并不限定于仅调整速度环PI参数中的比例系数kap和积分系数kip,还可以采用相关算法公式,根据电梯轿厢载重信息计算速度环PI参数中的其他参数值,进而达到调整速度环PI参数的效果。对此本申请不进行限定。It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to only adjusting the proportional coefficient k ap and the integral coefficient k ip in the speed loop PI parameters, and can also use related algorithm formulas to calculate the speed loop PI parameters according to the elevator car load information. and other parameter values, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the PI parameters of the speed loop. This application is not limited.
S104,按照调整后的速度环PI参数,对电梯的运行状态进行控制。S104, control the running state of the elevator according to the adjusted speed loop PI parameter.
示例性的,在通过速度环PI控制器对电梯运行状态进行控制时,通常是调节速度环PI控制器中相关的速度环PI参数,从而达到对电梯的运行状态的控制。本申请实施例中,对于电梯轿厢的每一次运行启动,都可以计算出对应的速度环PI参数,可以基于每一次运行启动计算得到的速度环PI参数调整电梯控制器(如速度环PI控制器)中对应的参数,进而通过电梯控制器完成对电梯的运行状态的控制。Exemplarily, when the running state of the elevator is controlled by the speed loop PI controller, the related speed loop PI parameters in the speed loop PI controller are usually adjusted, so as to achieve the control of the running state of the elevator. In the embodiment of the present application, for each running start of the elevator car, the corresponding speed loop PI parameter can be calculated, and the elevator controller (such as the speed loop PI control) can be adjusted based on the speed loop PI parameter calculated for each running start. the corresponding parameters in the controller), and then complete the control of the running state of the elevator through the elevator controller.
可选的,本发明实施例可适用于表贴式永磁同步电机(Permanent MagneticSynchronous Machine,PMSM)模型,可以是在以下至少四个前提条件下进行的:(1)忽略铁芯饱和;(2)不计涡流和磁滞损耗;(3)转子上无阻尼绕组,永磁体不计阻尼作用;(4)相绕组中感应电动势波形是正弦波。可选的,为了提高对电梯控制的准确性,也可以是考虑以上至少四个前提条件并结合本发明实施例所述的电梯控制方法来实现对电梯的控制,具体的情况可以根据实际需求而定,对此不进行限定。Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Machine, PMSM) model, which can be performed under at least the following four preconditions: (1) iron core saturation is ignored; (2) ) does not count eddy current and hysteresis loss; (3) there is no damping winding on the rotor, and the permanent magnet does not count the damping effect; (4) the waveform of the induced electromotive force in the phase winding is a sine wave. Optionally, in order to improve the accuracy of the elevator control, it is also possible to consider the above at least four preconditions and combine the elevator control method described in the embodiment of the present invention to realize the control of the elevator. The specific situation can be determined according to actual needs. is not limited.
本发明实施例提供了一种电梯控制方法,通过实时获取电梯轿厢的载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量,进而实时调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数,以实现对电梯运行状态的实时控制,解决了电梯轿厢难以在不同载重情况下达到理想运行效果的问题,可以依据电梯轿厢载重自动调节电梯控制器的参数,提高了乘客乘坐电梯的舒适度。The embodiment of the present invention provides an elevator control method. By acquiring the load information of the elevator car in real time, the moment of inertia on the motor shaft is determined, and then the speed loop PI parameter of the elevator controller is adjusted in real time, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the elevator running state. The control solves the problem that the elevator car is difficult to achieve the ideal running effect under different load conditions. The parameters of the elevator controller can be automatically adjusted according to the elevator car load, which improves the comfort of passengers riding the elevator.
实施例二Embodiment 2
图2为本发明实施例二提供的另一种电梯控制方法的流程图,本实施例以前述实施例为基础,提供了一优选实例,适用于在对无称重电梯进行控制的情况,如通过获取电梯轿厢的载重百分比信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量,进而实现对电梯运行状态的控制。Fig. 2 is a flowchart of another elevator control method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the foregoing embodiment, and provides a preferred example, which is suitable for the control of elevators without weighing, such as By obtaining the load percentage information of the elevator car, the moment of inertia on the motor shaft is determined, thereby realizing the control of the elevator running state.
需要说明的是,本实施例可适用于表贴式永磁同步电机(Permanent MagneticSynchronous Machine,PMSM)模型,接下来对该PMSM模型进行说明。假设前提条件:(1)忽略铁芯饱和;(2)、不计涡流和磁滞损耗;(3)、转子上无阻尼绕组,永磁体不计阻尼作用;(4)、相绕组中感应电动势波形是正弦波。对于该PMSM模型,d轴上的电感Ld等于q轴上的电感Lq等于电感L,采用d轴上的电流id等于0进行控制,则d-q同步旋转坐标系下PMSM的电压方程为:It should be noted that this embodiment is applicable to a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Machine, PMSM) model, and the PMSM model will be described next. Assumed preconditions: (1) ignore core saturation; (2), ignore eddy current and hysteresis loss; (3), no damping winding on the rotor, no damping effect of permanent magnet; (4), the induced electromotive force waveform in the phase winding is sine wave. For this PMSM model, the inductance L d on the d axis is equal to the inductance L q on the q axis, and the inductance L q is equal to the inductance L, and the current id on the d axis is equal to 0 for control, then the voltage equation of the PMSM in the dq synchronous rotating coordinate system is:
其中,uq为q轴电压,ud为d轴电压,iq为q轴电流,为q轴电流对时间的导数,ψf为永磁体磁链,R为定子绕组电阻,L为定子绕组电感,ωe为电机的电角速度。Among them, u q is the q-axis voltage, ud is the d-axis voltage, i q is the q-axis current, is the derivative of the q-axis current with respect to time, ψ f is the permanent magnet flux linkage, R is the stator winding resistance, L is the stator winding inductance, and ω e is the electrical angular velocity of the motor.
转矩方程为:The torque equation is:
其中,Te为电机电磁转矩,P为极对数,ψf为永磁体磁链,iq为q轴电流,Kt为转矩常数。Among them, Te is the electromagnetic torque of the motor, P is the number of pole pairs, ψ f is the permanent magnet flux linkage, i q is the q-axis current, and K t is the torque constant.
运行方程为:The running equation is:
其中,ωm为电机的机械角速度(其中,),为电机的机械角速度对时间的导数,Kt为转矩常数,J为电机轴上转动惯量,B为摩擦系数,TL为负载转矩。where ω m is the mechanical angular velocity of the motor (where, ), is the derivative of the mechanical angular velocity of the motor to time, K t is the torque constant, J is the moment of inertia on the motor shaft, B is the friction coefficient, and T L is the load torque.
将公式(1)-(3)进行拉普拉斯变换,得到PMSM速度环Gc_pmsm(s)和电流环Gs_pmsm(s)的解耦模型为:Laplace transform of formulas (1)-(3), the decoupling model of PMSM velocity loop G c_pmsm (s) and current loop G s_pmsm (s) is obtained as:
其中,iq(s)为频域q轴电流,uq(s)为频域q轴电压,s为频域函数变量,L为定子绕组电感,R为定子绕组电阻。Among them, i q (s) is the q-axis current in the frequency domain, u q (s) is the q-axis voltage in the frequency domain, s is the function variable in the frequency domain, L is the stator winding inductance, and R is the stator winding resistance.
其中,ωm(s)为频域电机的机械角速度,Kt为转矩常数,iq(s)为频域q轴电流,Te(s)为频域电机电磁转矩,s为频域函数变量,J为电机轴上的转动惯量,B为摩擦系数。Among them, ω m (s) is the mechanical angular velocity of the frequency domain motor, K t is the torque constant, i q (s) is the q-axis current in the frequency domain, T e (s) is the electromagnetic torque of the frequency domain motor, and s is the frequency Domain function variable, J is the moment of inertia on the motor shaft, and B is the friction coefficient.
具体的,如图2所示,该电梯控制方法包括:Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the elevator control method includes:
S201,获取电梯轿厢的满载启动补偿力矩、空载启动补偿力矩以及运行补偿力矩。S201 , acquiring the full-load starting compensation torque, the no-load starting compensation torque, and the running compensation torque of the elevator car.
示例性的,在本申请实施例中,获取电梯轿厢的满载启动补偿力矩、空载启动补偿力矩以及运行补偿力矩,可以是在电梯安装后进行电梯的检修运行,先让电梯轿厢内保持空载启动,系统自动计算空载启动补偿力矩,并将计算得到的空载启动补偿力矩设置到电梯变频驱动功能的第一预设代码(如功能码F707)中;然后,在电推轿厢内加入满载后启动,系统自动计算满载启动补偿力矩,并将计算得到的满载启动补偿力矩设置到电梯变频功能的第二预设代码(如功能代码S706)中;最后,在电梯每次正常使用时,系统会根据无称重电梯轿厢启动后自动计算其对应的运行补偿力矩。Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the present application, to obtain the full-load start-up compensation torque, no-load start-up compensation torque, and running compensation torque of the elevator car, it may be to carry out the maintenance operation of the elevator after the elevator is installed, and first keep the elevator car in the elevator car. No-load starting, the system automatically calculates the no-load starting compensation torque, and sets the calculated no-load starting compensation torque to the first preset code (such as function code F707) of the elevator variable frequency drive function; then, in the electric push car After adding full load, the system automatically calculates the full-load start-up compensation torque, and sets the calculated full-load start-up compensation torque into the second preset code (such as function code S706) of the elevator frequency conversion function; , the system will automatically calculate the corresponding running compensation torque after the unweighted elevator car starts.
S202,依据满载启动补偿力矩、空载启动补偿力矩以及运行补偿力矩,确定电梯轿厢的载重百分比信息。S202: Determine the load percentage information of the elevator car according to the full-load starting compensation torque, the no-load starting compensation torque, and the running compensation torque.
示例性的,在本申请实施例中,确定电梯轿厢的载重百分比信息时,可以是按照如下公式计算电梯当前运动状态下的载重比例wp:Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the present application, when determining the load percentage information of the elevator car, the load percentage w p under the current motion state of the elevator may be calculated according to the following formula:
其中,M_cal为电梯当前状态下对应的启动补偿力矩,M_empty为电梯空载状态下对应的启动补偿力矩,M_full为电梯满载状态下对应的启动补偿力矩。Wherein, M_cal is the corresponding starting compensation torque in the current state of the elevator, M_empty is the corresponding starting compensation torque in the elevator no-load state, and M_full is the corresponding starting compensation torque in the elevator full-load state.
具体的,针对电梯轿厢的每一次运行启动,可以是从电梯变频驱动功能的代码中获取功能码F707空载启动补偿力矩和功能码F706满载启动补偿力矩,并计算当前运行启动的运行补偿力矩;然后代入上述公式计算电梯当前运动状态下的载重比例wp。Specifically, for each running start of the elevator car, the function code F707 no-load start compensation torque and function code F706 full load start compensation torque can be obtained from the code of the elevator variable frequency drive function, and the running compensation torque of the current running start can be calculated. ; Then substitute the above formula to calculate the load ratio w p under the current motion state of the elevator.
S203,获取电机轴上的满载转动惯量和空载转动惯量。S203, acquiring the full-load moment of inertia and the no-load moment of inertia on the motor shaft.
示例性的,获取电机轴上的满载转动惯量和空载转动惯量的方法可以是,预先分别控制电梯轿厢满载启动运行和空载启动运行,并分别在电梯轿厢满载和空载时,按照预设算法公式分别计算电梯轿厢满载和空载时对应的电机轴上的转动惯量。可选的,可以在预先计算得到满载转动惯量和空载转动惯量后,分别将满载转动惯量和空载转动惯量分别对应设置在电梯变频驱动功能的预设代码中,在执行S203获取电梯轿厢的满载转动惯量和空载转动惯量时,直接从电梯变频驱动功能的预设代码中获取即可。Exemplarily, the method for obtaining the full-load moment of inertia and the no-load moment of inertia on the motor shaft may be to pre-control the full-load start-up operation and the no-load start-up operation of the elevator car respectively, and when the elevator car is fully loaded and no-load respectively, according to The preset algorithm formula calculates the corresponding moment of inertia on the motor shaft when the elevator car is fully loaded and unloaded. Optionally, after the full-load moment of inertia and the no-load moment of inertia are pre-calculated, the full-load moment of inertia and the no-load moment of inertia can be set in the preset codes of the elevator variable frequency drive function, respectively, and then execute S203 to obtain the elevator car. When the full load moment of inertia and no-load moment of inertia are obtained, they can be obtained directly from the preset code of the elevator variable frequency drive function.
S204,根据满载转动惯量、空载转动惯量以及载重百分比信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量。S204: Determine the rotational inertia on the motor shaft according to the full-load rotational inertia, no-load rotational inertia, and load percentage information.
示例性的,本实施例在确定电机轴上的转动惯量时,可以是按照如下公式计算所述电梯当前运行启动的电机轴上的转动惯量J_cal:Exemplarily, when determining the moment of inertia on the motor shaft in this embodiment, the moment of inertia J _cal on the motor shaft when the elevator is currently running and started may be calculated according to the following formula:
J_cal=J_empty+(J_full-J_empty)×wp;J _cal =J _empty +(J _full -J _empty )×w p ;
其中,J_empty为电梯轿厢空载状态下对应的电机轴上的空载转动惯量,J_full为电梯轿厢满载状态下对应的电机轴上的满载转动惯量,wp为电梯当前运行状态下的载重比例。Among them, J_empty is the no-load moment of inertia on the corresponding motor shaft under the no-load state of the elevator car, J_full is the full-load moment of inertia on the corresponding motor shaft under the elevator car's full-load state, and w p is the current running state of the elevator load ratio.
具体的,将S303中获取的电梯轿厢空载状态下对应的电机轴上的空载转动惯量J_empty以及电梯轿厢满载状态下对应的电机轴上的满载转动惯量J_full,代入上述公式,计算电梯当前运行启动的电机轴上的转动惯量J_cal。Specifically, the no-load moment of inertia J _empty on the corresponding motor shaft of the elevator car in the no-load state obtained in S303 and the full-load moment of inertia J _full on the corresponding motor shaft in the full-load state of the elevator car are substituted into the above formula, Calculate the moment of inertia J _cal on the motor shaft that the elevator is currently running on.
S205,依据电机轴上的转动惯量,调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数。S205, adjust the speed loop PI parameter of the elevator controller according to the moment of inertia on the motor shaft.
S206,按照调整后的速度环PI参数,对电梯的运行状态进行控制。S206, control the running state of the elevator according to the adjusted speed loop PI parameter.
本发明实施例提供了一种电梯控制方法,基于PMSM模型,通过获取满载启动、空载启动以及当前启动运行时的补偿力矩,确定电梯轿厢的载重百分比,再结合获取的满载和空载状态下的电机轴上的空载转动惯量和满载转动惯量,计算当前启动运行时电机轴上的转动惯量,进而实时调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数,以实现对电梯运行状态的实时控制。针对无称重电梯,也可以实现依据电梯轿厢载重自动调节电梯控制器的参数,提高电梯轿厢的运行效果。The embodiment of the present invention provides an elevator control method. Based on the PMSM model, the load percentage of the elevator car is determined by obtaining the compensation torque at full-load start-up, no-load start-up and current start-up operation, and then combined with the obtained full-load and no-load states. The no-load moment of inertia and full-load moment of inertia on the motor shaft are calculated, and the moment of inertia on the motor shaft is calculated at the current start-up operation, and then the PI parameters of the speed loop of the elevator controller are adjusted in real time to realize the real-time control of the elevator running state. For elevators without weighing, it is also possible to automatically adjust the parameters of the elevator controller according to the load of the elevator car, so as to improve the running effect of the elevator car.
实施例三Embodiment 3
图3是本发明实施例三提供的一种电梯控制装置的结构示意图,该装置可执行本发明任意实施例所提供的电梯控制方法,具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。如图3所示,该装置包括:3 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator control device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The device can execute the elevator control method provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method. As shown in Figure 3, the device includes:
载重信息获取模块301,用于获取电梯轿厢的载重信息;The load
转动惯量确定模块302,用于依据所述载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量;a moment of
参数调整模块303,用于依据所述电机轴上的转动惯量,调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数;The
电梯控制模块304,用于按照调整后的速度环PI参数,对所述电梯的运行状态进行控制。The
本发明实施例提供的电梯控制装置,通过实时获取电梯轿厢的载重信息,确定电机轴上的转动惯量,进而实时调整电梯控制器的速度环PI参数,以实现对电梯运行状态的实时控制,解决了电梯轿厢难以在不同载重情况下达到理想运行效果的问题,可以依据电梯轿厢载重自动调节电梯控制器的参数,提高了乘客乘坐电梯的舒适度。The elevator control device provided by the embodiment of the present invention determines the moment of inertia on the motor shaft by acquiring the load information of the elevator car in real time, and then adjusts the speed loop PI parameter of the elevator controller in real time, so as to realize the real-time control of the running state of the elevator, It solves the problem that the elevator car is difficult to achieve the ideal running effect under different load conditions, and can automatically adjust the parameters of the elevator controller according to the elevator car load, which improves the comfort of passengers riding the elevator.
进一步的,上述转动惯量确定模块302包括:Further, the above-mentioned moment of
转动惯量获取单元,用于获取所述电机轴上的满载转动惯量和空载转动惯量;a moment of inertia acquisition unit, used for acquiring the full-load moment of inertia and the no-load moment of inertia on the motor shaft;
转动惯量确定单元,用于根据所述满载转动惯量、所述空载转动惯量以及所述载重信息,确定所述电梯的电机轴上的转动惯量。A moment of inertia determination unit, configured to determine the moment of inertia on the motor shaft of the elevator according to the full-load moment of inertia, the no-load moment of inertia and the load information.
进一步的,上述载重信息获取模块301具体用于:Further, the above-mentioned load
在电梯运行过程中,获取所述电梯轿厢的载重百分比信息。During the operation of the elevator, the load percentage information of the elevator car is obtained.
进一步的,上述载重信息获取模块301具体包括:Further, the above-mentioned load
补偿力矩获取单元,用于获取所述电梯轿厢的满载启动补偿力矩、空载启动补偿力矩以及运行补偿力矩;a compensation torque acquisition unit, configured to acquire the full-load start-up compensation torque, no-load start-up compensation torque and running compensation torque of the elevator car;
载重确定单元,用于依据所述满载启动补偿力矩、所述空载启动补偿力矩以及所述运行补偿力矩,确定所述电梯轿厢的载重百分比信息。A load determination unit, configured to determine the load percentage information of the elevator car according to the full-load start-up compensation torque, the no-load start-up compensation torque, and the running compensation torque.
值得注意的是,上述电梯控制装置的实施例中,所包括的各个单元和模块只是按照功能逻辑进行划分的,但并不局限于上述的划分,只要能够实现相应的功能即可;例如,该装置可以仅包括获取模块和处理模块,获取模块实现电梯轿厢载重信息的获取;处理模块用于实现转动惯量的确定、参数的调整以及电梯控制等相关功能。另外,各功能单元的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分,并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。It is worth noting that, in the above-mentioned embodiment of the elevator control device, the included units and modules are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above-mentioned division, as long as the corresponding functions can be realized; for example, this The device may only include an acquisition module and a processing module, and the acquisition module realizes the acquisition of elevator car load information; the processing module is used to realize related functions such as determination of moment of inertia, adjustment of parameters, and elevator control. In addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例四Embodiment 4
图4为本发明实施例四提供的一种设备的结构示意图。图4示出了适于用来实现本发明实施方式的示例性设备40的框图。图4显示的设备40仅仅是一个示例,不应对本发明实施例的功能和使用范围带来任何限制。如图4所示,该设备40以通用计算设备的形式表现,该设备40可应用于电梯控制系统。该设备40的组件可以包括但不限于:一个或者多个处理器或者处理单元401,系统存储器402,连接不同系统组件(包括系统存储器402和处理单元401)的总线403。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 4 shows a block diagram of an
总线403表示几类总线结构中的一种或多种,包括存储器总线或者存储器控制器,外围总线,图形加速端口,处理器或者使用多种总线结构中的任意总线结构的局域总线。举例来说,这些体系结构包括但不限于工业标准体系结构(ISA)总线,微通道体系结构(MAC)总线,增强型ISA总线、视频电子标准协会(VESA)局域总线以及外围组件互连(PCI)总线。
设备40典型地包括多种计算机系统可读介质。这些介质可以是任何能够被设备40访问的可用介质,包括易失性和非易失性介质,可移动的和不可移动的介质。
系统存储器402可以包括易失性存储器形式的计算机系统可读介质,例如随机存取存储器(RAM)404和/或高速缓存存储器405。设备40可以进一步包括其它可移动/不可移动的、易失性/非易失性计算机系统存储介质。仅作为举例,存储系统406可以用于读写不可移动的、非易失性磁介质(图4未显示,通常称为“硬盘驱动器”)。尽管图4中未示出,可以提供用于对可移动非易失性磁盘(例如“软盘”)读写的磁盘驱动器,以及对可移动非易失性光盘(例如CD-ROM,DVD-ROM或者其它光介质)读写的光盘驱动器。在这些情况下,每个驱动器可以通过一个或者多个数据介质接口与总线403相连。系统存储器402可以包括至少一个程序产品,该程序产品具有一组(例如至少一个)程序模块,这些程序模块被配置以执行本发明各实施例的功能。
具有一组(至少一个)程序模块407的程序/实用工具408,可以存储在例如系统存储器402中,这样的程序模块407包括但不限于操作系统、一个或者多个应用程序、其它程序模块以及程序数据,这些示例中的每一个或某种组合中可能包括网络环境的实现。程序模块407通常执行本发明所描述的实施例中的功能和/或方法。A program/
设备40也可以与一个或多个外部设备406(例如键盘、指向设备、显示器410等)通信,还可与一个或者多个使得用户能与该设备交互的设备通信,和/或与使得该设备40能与一个或多个其它计算设备进行通信的任何设备(例如网卡,调制解调器等等)通信。这种通信可以通过输入/输出(I/O)接口411进行。并且,设备40还可以通过网络适配器412与一个或者多个网络(例如局域网(LAN),广域网(WAN)和/或公共网络,例如因特网)通信。如图4所示,网络适配器412通过总线403与设备40的其它模块通信。应当明白,尽管图中未示出,可以结合设备40使用其它硬件和/或软件模块,包括但不限于:微代码、设备驱动器、冗余处理单元、外部磁盘驱动阵列、RAID系统、磁带驱动器以及数据备份存储系统等。
处理单元401通过运行存储在系统存储器402中的程序,从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理,例如实现本发明实施例所提供的电梯控制方法。The
实施例五Embodiment 5
本发明实施例五还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时可实现上述实施例所述的电梯控制方法。Embodiment 5 of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the elevator control method described in the foregoing embodiments can be implemented.
本发明实施例的计算机存储介质,可以采用一个或多个计算机可读的介质的任意组合。计算机可读介质可以是计算机可读信号介质或者计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质例如可以是——但不限于——电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件,或者任意以上的组合。计算机可读存储介质的更具体的例子(非穷举的列表)包括:具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式计算机磁盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑磁盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。在本文件中,计算机可读存储介质可以是任何包含或存储程序的有形介质,该程序可以被指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用。The computer storage medium in the embodiments of the present invention may adopt any combination of one or more computer-readable mediums. The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus or device, or a combination of any of the above. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer readable storage media include: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the above. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
计算机可读的信号介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号,其中承载了计算机可读的程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式,包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。计算机可读的信号介质还可以是计算机可读存储介质以外的任何计算机可读介质,该计算机可读介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。A computer-readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, with computer-readable program code embodied thereon. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device .
计算机可读介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输,包括——但不限于无线、电线、光缆、RF等等,或者上述的任意合适的组合。Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including - but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
可以以一种或多种程序设计语言或其组合来编写用于执行本发明操作的计算机程序代码,所述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言—诸如Java、Smalltalk、C++,还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言—诸如”C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算机上执行、部分地在用户计算机上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算机上部分在远程计算机上执行、或者完全在远程计算机或服务器上执行。在涉及远程计算机的情形中,远程计算机可以通过任意种类的网络——包括局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)—连接到用户计算机,或者,可以连接到外部计算机(例如利用因特网服务提供商来通过因特网连接)。Computer program code for carrying out operations of the present invention may be written in one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, but also conventional Procedural programming language - such as "C" language or similar programming language. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (eg, using an Internet service provider through Internet connection).
上述实施例序号仅仅为了描述,不代表实施例的优劣。The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.
本领域普通技术人员应该明白,上述的本发明实施例的各模块或各操作可以用通用的计算装置来实现,它们可以集中在单个计算装置上,或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上,可选地,他们可以用计算机装置可执行的程序代码来实现,从而可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行,或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块,或者将它们中的多个模块或操作制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样,本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件的结合。Those skilled in the art should understand that each module or each operation of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, and they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices , optionally, they can be implemented with program codes executable by a computer device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, or they can be separately made into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of them can be Multiple modules or operations are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module to implement. As such, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间的相同或相似的部分互相参见即可。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域技术人员而言,本发明可以有各种改动和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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