CN109094022B - 3D printing device and method - Google Patents
3D printing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109094022B CN109094022B CN201710475193.XA CN201710475193A CN109094022B CN 109094022 B CN109094022 B CN 109094022B CN 201710475193 A CN201710475193 A CN 201710475193A CN 109094022 B CN109094022 B CN 109094022B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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Abstract
The invention provides 3D printing equipment and a method. The 3D printing equipment comprises a rotating platform capable of rotating around a central axis of the rotating platform, a printing head for printing an object to be printed on the rotating platform and a leveling device for leveling the surface of an object layer to be printed, wherein the printing head and the leveling device are both positioned above the rotating platform, the leveling device comprises a first leveling component, the printing head can move on the rotating plane of the rotating platform relative to the rotating platform, an avoiding distance is reserved between the printing head and the first leveling component and between the printing head and the central axis, the leveling device further comprises a second leveling component, the second leveling component is fixedly connected with the printing head, and the movement track of the second leveling component passes through the central axis. The invention can cover the central area of the rotary platform of the 3D printing equipment during printing and leveling, and no printing dead angle or dead zone exists.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to 3D printing equipment and method.
Background
With the continuous development of technology, 3D printing is increasingly widely used. The 3D printing (3 DP) technology is a stereoscopic construction technology for finally manufacturing a target 3D object by layering a model, printing layer by layer on a supporting platform, and then stacking multiple layers, including a fused deposition (Fused Deposition Modeling, FDM) technology, a stereoscopic light curing (Stereo Lithography Apparatus, SLA) technology, a selective laser sintering (SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING, SLS) technology, a digital light processing (DIGITAL LIGHT processing, DLP) technology, a layered entity manufacturing (LAMINATED OBJECT MANUFACTURING, LOM) technology, an inkjet technology, and the like. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a 3D printer commonly used in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, in general, when printing, a printhead of a 3D printer needs to be accelerated, decelerated, and stopped in the X-axis direction, and the printhead only works in the constant-speed stage, then moves in the Y-axis, and then accelerates, decelerates, and stops in the X-axis direction until the printing of one layer is completed.
Currently, in order to increase the 3D printing speed, a 3D printer having a rotating disk has appeared. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement of a printhead of a 3D printer with a rotating disk according to the prior art. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printer with a rotating disk according to the prior art. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the 3D printer includes a print head 1, a rotary disc 2, a leveling device 3, and a curing device 4, where the rotary disc 2, the leveling device 3, and the curing device 4 are all disposed above the print head, and the print head 1, the leveling device 3, and the curing device 4 are disposed at different angles. The printing head, the leveling device and the curing device are all arranged above the supporting platform, and the setting position of the leveling device is slightly lower than that of the printing head so as to level the layer in the printing process. When printing of each layer is performed, the print head 1 moves relative to the rotary disk 2 in the circumferential direction as the rotary disk 2 rotates, thereby performing printing in the circumferential direction of the rotary disk.
However, since the print head and the leveling device each have a certain length, when the print head and the leveling device are arranged, there is generally interference between the print head and the leveling device at the center of the rotating disk, so that the area where the center of the rotating disk is located cannot be covered by the print head or leveled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides 3D printing equipment and a method, which can cover the central area of a rotating platform of the 3D printing equipment during printing and leveling, and have no printing dead angle or blind area.
In one aspect, the invention provides 3D printing equipment, which comprises a rotary platform capable of rotating around a central axis of the rotary platform, a printing head for printing an object to be printed on the rotary platform and a leveling device for leveling the surface of a layer of the object to be printed, wherein the printing head and the leveling device are both positioned above the rotary platform, the printing head can move on the rotary plane of the rotary platform relative to the rotary platform, an avoidance distance is reserved between the printing head and the first leveling component and between the printing head and the central axis, the leveling device further comprises a second leveling component, the second leveling component is fixedly connected with the printing head, and the movement track of the second leveling component passes through the central axis.
Optionally, the distance between at least one end of the second leveling component and the central axis is greater than or equal to the avoiding distance between the first leveling component and the central axis.
Optionally, the at least one nozzle of the printhead passes through the central axis as the printhead moves relative to the rotating platform.
Optionally, the printhead and the first leveling assembly are located at different positions in the circumferential direction of the rotary stage.
Optionally, the first leveling component includes the first leveling roller that can roll around self axis, and first leveling roller is round platform form along axial direction, and the tip of first leveling roller towards rotary platform's axis, and the tip of first leveling roller is towards rotary platform's edge.
Optionally, the second leveling component comprises a second leveling roller capable of rolling around an axis of the second leveling component, the second leveling roller is cylindrical, and the axial direction of the second leveling roller is parallel to the radial direction of the rotating platform.
Optionally, the rolling speed of the second leveling roller is matched with the linear speed of the rotary platform at a position corresponding to one end of the second leveling roller far away from the central axis.
Optionally, the sum of the lengths of the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller is greater than the radius of the rotating platform.
Optionally, the first leveling assembly and the second leveling assembly are both located at the same height above the rotating platform.
Optionally, the plurality of printing heads comprises a first printing head and a second printing head, and the nozzles of the first printing head are the same as or different from the materials ejected by the nozzles of the second printing head.
Optionally, the first print head and the second print head are respectively located at two sides of the central axis.
Optionally, the direction of movement of the print head on the plane of rotation of the rotary stage includes a direction along a radial direction of the rotary stage and along a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotary stage.
Optionally, the 3D printing apparatus further comprises a curing device, the curing device being located above the rotating platform.
Optionally, the angles formed by the print head, the first leveling component and the curing device are all greater than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a 3D printing method applied to the 3D printing apparatus as described above, the 3D printing apparatus including a rotary platform and a printhead, the 3D printing method including:
Layering the object to be printed to obtain a plurality of layers of data of the object to be printed;
Respectively executing a plurality of sub-printing processes according to each layer of data to print a layer corresponding to the layer data, wherein in each sub-printing process, the rotary platform rotates for one circle and the position of the printing head is unchanged, and in at least one sub-printing process, the nozzles of the printing head pass through the central axis of the rotary platform;
all the stacks are stacked to obtain the object to be printed.
Optionally, the step of performing a plurality of sub-printing processes according to each layer data to obtain a layer corresponding to the layer data specifically includes:
A. executing a sub-printing process at a current initial position of the print head;
B. moving the print head to a next initial position according to the layer data;
repeating the steps A and B until the layer printing corresponding to the layer data is completed.
Alternatively, the printheads that print in different sub-printing processes are different.
Optionally, there are at least two printheads printing simultaneously in the same sub-printing process.
Optionally, the initial position of the printhead during different sub-printing processes is the same.
Optionally, the initial position of the printhead during different sub-printing processes is different.
Optionally, the step of moving the print head to the next initial position according to the layer data specifically includes: the print head is moved in a radial direction with the rotary stage on a plane of rotation of the rotary stage to radially align the nozzle array of the print head with the rotary stage.
Optionally, the step of moving the print head to a next initial position in accordance with the layer data specifically includes moving the print head in a direction perpendicular to a radial direction of the rotary stage on a rotation plane of the rotary stage to align a nozzle array of the print head with the radial direction of the rotary stage.
The 3D printing equipment comprises a rotating platform capable of rotating around a central axis of the rotating platform, a printing head for printing objects on the rotating platform and a leveling device for leveling the surface of an object layer to be printed, wherein the printing head and the leveling device are both positioned above the rotating platform, the leveling device comprises a first leveling component, the printing head can move on the rotating plane of the rotating platform relative to the rotating platform, an avoidance distance is reserved between the printing head and the first leveling component and between the printing head and the central axis, the leveling device further comprises a second leveling component, the second leveling component is fixedly connected with the printing head, and the movement track of the second leveling component passes through the central axis. Thus, when printing, the printing head can move to cover the central position of the rotary platform, and the leveling device can level each area of the rotary platform including the central position, so that no blind area exists when printing and leveling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a 3D printer commonly used in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement of a printhead of a prior art 3D printer with a rotating disk;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art 3D printer with a rotating disk;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of components of a 3D printing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a first position of a print head radially moving relative to a rotating platform in a 3D printing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a second position of a print head radially moving relative to a rotating platform in a 3D printing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a print head, a second correction component, and a rotary platform in a 3D printing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic side view of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a planar position of a second leveling component relative to a rotating platform in a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a first position of a printhead of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is moved in a direction perpendicular to a radial direction relative to a rotating platform;
fig. 13 is a schematic view illustrating a second position of a print head of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the print head moves in a direction perpendicular to a radial direction relative to a rotating platform;
fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a first position of a print head of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention moving radially relative to a rotating platform;
fig. 15 is a schematic view illustrating a second position of a print head of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a radial direction with respect to a rotating platform;
fig. 16 is a schematic flow chart of a 3D printing method according to the third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an initial position of a first material dispensing mode in a 3D printing method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating an initial position of a second material dispensing manner in a 3D printing method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. 21, 31-printheads;
2-rotating a disc;
3-leveling device;
4. 24, 34-curing means;
22. 32-a rotating platform;
23. 33-a first leveling component;
25. 35-a second leveling component;
26-center position;
311-a first nozzle array;
312-a second nozzle array;
21' -a second print head.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of components of a 3D printing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the 3D printing apparatus provided in this embodiment includes a rotary platform 22 rotatable about a central axis of the rotary platform 22, a print head 21 for printing an object on the rotary platform 22, and a leveling device for leveling a surface of a layer of the object to be printed, where the print head 21 and the leveling device are both located above the rotary platform 22, the leveling device includes a first leveling component 23, the print head 21 is movable on a rotation plane of the rotary platform 22 relative to the rotary platform 22, an avoidance distance is provided between the print head 21 and the first leveling component 23 and the central axis, the leveling device further includes a second leveling component 25, the second leveling component 25 is fixedly connected with the print head 21, and a movement track of the second leveling component 25 passes through the central axis.
Wherein a rotating platform 22 in the 3D printing device may be used to deposit 3D printing material to form an object to be printed. When the 3D printing device prints, firstly, layering processing is carried out on the model of the object to be printed to obtain the layer data of each layer, and then the printing process of each layer is carried out by utilizing the cooperation of the printing head 21 and the rotating platform 22. After each layer is printed, the rotary table 22 is lowered by a predetermined height in the axial direction so that the print head 21 performs the next layer printing on the basis of the previous layer. Specifically, in the printing process of each layer, the rotary platform 22 continuously rotates around the axis of the rotary platform 22, and the printing head 21 and the leveling device can keep still, so that only the motion of the rotary platform 22 is needed, the printing head 21 can be guaranteed to relatively rotate to the corresponding position on the rotary platform 22, the printing material is ejected to print, after the printing of the printing head 21 at the position is completed, the leveling device can level the printing material, and when the rotary platform 22 rotates, the leveling device can remove redundant material at the top of the printing material, so that the printing of the next layer is convenient.
Specifically, the print head 21 is located above the rotary table 22, and the length direction of the print head 21 is generally set along the radial direction of the rotary table 22, so that when the rotary table 22 rotates, the print head 21 can cover the circumferential range of the rotary table 22 along with the rotation of the rotary table 22. The print head 21 is movable relative to the rotary stage 22 on a plane of rotation of the rotary stage 22, for example, in a radial direction of the rotary stage 22 relative to the rotary stage 22, so that the nozzles of the print head 21 can pass through the central axis of the rotary stage 22 to ensure that the printing operation can also be performed at the central position of the rotary stage 22. Furthermore, in order to ensure coverage of the central position of the print head 21 with respect to the rotary stage 22, at least one nozzle of the print head 21 should pass through the central axis when the print head 21 is translated in the radial direction. Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a first position of a printhead moving in a radial direction relative to a rotating platform in a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a second position of a printhead moving radially relative to a rotating platform in a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the print head 21 moves radially to the illustrated position relative to the rotary stage 22, the plurality of nozzles on the print head 21 are above the center position 26 of the rotary stage 22 and dispense printing material onto the center position 26, and by the rotation of the rotary stage 22 and the radial movement of the print head 21 relative to the rotary stage 22, the print head 21 completes the printing operation on the center position 26.
In order to avoid interference with the printing head, an avoidance distance is reserved between the printing head 21 and the central axis of the first leveling component 23 and between the printing head 21 and the central axis of the rotary platform 22, so that a blank central position is formed between the printing head 21 and the first leveling component 23 and between the printing head and the central axis, and the first leveling component 23 cannot perform leveling operation in the central position. The leveling device further comprises a second leveling component 25, wherein the second leveling component 25 is connected with the printing head 21, so that the second leveling component 25 can also follow the movement when the printing head 21 moves, and the movement track of the second leveling component 25 passes through the central axis of the rotary platform 22. Thus, when the rotary table 22 rotates, the second leveling assembly 25 can perform leveling operation on the center position 26 of the rotary table 22 with the movement of the print head 21. Thus, the first leveling component 23 and the second leveling component 25 in the leveling device can level different positions of the rotary platform 22 respectively; wherein the first leveling component 23 primarily levels a first area of the rotary table 22 except for the center position 26, and the second leveling component 25 primarily levels the center position 26, i.e., the second area, of the rotary table 22. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first leveling component 23 is fixed and the second leveling component 25 is driven by the printhead 21 when printing is performed, and when the nozzles on the printhead 21 are located above the center position 26 of the rotary table 22, the second leveling component 25 preferably levels a part of the first area and a part of the second area, and under the rotation of the rotary table 22 and the radial movement of the second leveling component 25 relative to the rotary table 22, the second leveling component 25 can level the remaining second area, so that the second leveling component 25 can complete the leveling operation on the center position 26.
Optionally, to ensure that the leveling device covers the center 26 of the rotating platform 22, at least one end of the second leveling assembly 25 is generally spaced from the central axis by a distance greater than or equal to the back-off distance between the first leveling assembly 23 and the central axis. In this way, even if the print head 21 does not move in the radial direction of the rotary table 22, the second leveling assembly 25 can effectively compensate for the avoiding gap between the first leveling assembly 23 and the central axis of the rotary table 22, so that it is possible to ensure leveling of the parts of the rotary table 22 including the central position 26. Wherein, the first leveling component 23 and the second leveling component 25 are both located at the same height above the rotating platform 22, so as to ensure that the correction effect is completely uniform.
Optionally, the first leveling component 23 and the print head 21 in the leveling device are located at different positions in the circumferential direction of the rotary platform 22, so that the print head 21 and the first leveling component 23 are arranged in a staggered manner, and excessive printing materials are prevented from being taken away by the first leveling component 23 during leveling.
For leveling work, the first leveling assembly 23 may include a first leveling roller that can roll around its own axis, wherein, because both ends of the first leveling roller are generally located at portions of the rotary table 22 near the center and near the edge, respectively, the first leveling roller may be in a truncated cone shape in the axial direction in order to match different linear velocities of different portions of the rotary table 22 when the first leveling roller is rotated, with the small end of the first leveling roller facing the central axis of the rotary table 22 and the large end of the first leveling roller facing the edge of the rotary table. The side face 16 of the first leveling roller is parallel to the rotary platform 22 and rotates around the self-axis center 14, so that redundant printing material on the layer surface of an object to be printed can be removed, and the rotary speed of the first leveling roller is adapted to the rotary speed of the rotary platform 22, so that proper amount of printing material can be taken away, and the influence on printing precision is avoided.
And the second leveling assembly 25 includes a second leveling roller that is rotatable about its own axis, the second leveling roller being cylindrical, and an axial direction of the second leveling roller being parallel to a radial direction of the rotary table 22. Because the second leveling roller is located at the center position 26 of the rotating platform 22, unlike the round platform structure of the first leveling roller, the second leveling roller is a leveling roller with a cylindrical structure and rotates around the center 17 of the shaft of the second leveling roller, and the rotation speed of the second leveling roller is the same at the side of the cylinder, if the rotation speed of the second leveling roller is adapted to the rotation speed of the rotating platform 22 corresponding to the center of the cylinder, there may be situations that the rotation speed is insufficient at the edge of the cylinder, resulting in excessive materials on the surface of the non-layering belt, and the printing precision is affected. Therefore, the rolling speed of the second leveling roller matches the linear speed of the rotary table at a position corresponding to the end of the second leveling roller away from the center axis. Thus, the rolling speed of the second leveling roller is matched with the linear speed of the far end of the rotary platform, and the leveling effect is ensured.
To ensure the coverage of the leveling device, the sum of the lengths of the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller is greater than the radius of the rotating platform 22. Thus, when the rotary platform 22 rotates, the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller can cover the whole area of the rotary platform 22, so that the leveling function on any part of the rotary platform 22 is guaranteed.
In addition, in order to cure the printing material, the 3D printing apparatus of the present embodiment may further include a curing device 24, and the curing device 24 is located above the rotary table 22. Curing device 24 may irradiate the print layer positioned on rotary stage 22 to cure the print layer.
Further, the angles formed by the print head 21, the first leveling component 23 and the curing device 24 are all greater than 0 ° and less than 180 °. In this way, after the printing head 21 dispenses the printing material, the printing material has enough time to be leveled and cured, and printing accuracy can be effectively ensured.
As another implementation of this embodiment, the 3D printing apparatus includes a plurality of printheads, where the plurality of printheads includes a first printhead and a second printhead, and a nozzle of the first printhead is different from a nozzle of the second printhead in material ejected. In this way, different printheads can eject different materials for multi-material or multi-color printing. In particular, different printheads may dispense materials of different properties, or materials of different colors, or materials that exhibit different properties after curing, and so on. For example, it may be that the first printhead ejects printing material, and the second printhead ejects supporting material, etc.
In addition, the materials distributed by the first printing head and the second printing head can be the same materials, so that the printing efficiency can be effectively improved and the printing speed can be increased by a plurality of printing heads for distributing the same materials.
Further, the first print head and the second print head may be located on both sides of the central axis, respectively. This allows optimizing the space occupation and avoiding interference between the first and second print heads.
For example, in this embodiment, there is a second print head 21' in addition to the original first print head, i.e., print head 21. Similar to the print head 21, the second print head 21' can have at least one nozzle thereon passing through the center position 26 of the rotary table when radially moved relative to the rotary table 22. Referring to fig. 7, when the print head 21' is radially moved relative to the rotary table 22 to the illustrated position, a plurality of nozzles on the print head 21' are above the center position 26 of the rotary table 22 to dispense printing material onto the center position 26.
Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a print head, a second correction component, and a rotary platform in a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the second leveling component 25 has one end connected to the print head 21 and one end connected to the print head 21', and the print head 21, the second leveling component 25 and the second print head 21' follow up with respect to the rotary platform 22.
Since the print head 21, the second leveling component 25, and the second print head 21 'follow up relative to the rotary platform 22, when the second leveling component 25 and the second print head 21' move radially relative to the rotary platform 22, the working principle is the same as when the second leveling component 25 and the first print head 21 move radially relative to the rotary platform 22, and details are not repeated here.
In this embodiment, 3D printing apparatus is including the rotatory rotary platform of axis that can wind self, be used for printing the printer head of object on rotary platform and be used for the leveling device of waiting to print object layer surface, printer head and leveling device all are located the rotary platform top, leveling device includes first leveling subassembly, the printer head can remove on rotary platform's rotary plane for rotary platform, have between printer head and first leveling subassembly and the axis and dodge the interval, leveling device still includes second leveling subassembly, second leveling subassembly and printer head fixed connection, the motion trail of second leveling subassembly passes through the axis. Thus, when printing, the printing head can move to cover the central position of the rotary platform, and the leveling device can level each area of the rotary platform including the central position, so that no blind area exists when printing and leveling.
Example two
When the printhead in the 3D printing apparatus is a dual-nozzle or multi-nozzle printhead, the 3D printing apparatus further has a movable structure in order to avoid a dead zone caused by a space between different nozzles. Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a second leveling component in a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention with respect to a rotating platform. As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, the 3D printing apparatus includes a dual nozzle array printhead, that is, a printhead 31, a rotary stage 32, a first leveling assembly 33, a curing device 34 and a second leveling assembly 35; the printhead 31 includes a first nozzle array 311 and a second nozzle array 312; the print head 31, the first leveling assembly 33, the curing device 34, and the second leveling assembly 35 are all disposed above the rotary table 32, the print head 31 moves in a radial direction and a cross direction with respect to the rotary table 32, and the second leveling assembly 35 is connected to the print head 31 and follows the movement of the print head 31. The specific structure and working principle of the 3D printing device of the present embodiment are similar to those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein. The present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that, in the present embodiment, the moving direction of the print head 31 on the rotation plane of the rotation stage 32 includes a direction along the radial direction of the rotation stage 32 and a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotation stage 32.
In general, in order to secure the center position of the cover rotary stage 32, the print head 31 needs to be moved in the radial direction of the rotary stage 32, and the first nozzle array 311 and the second nozzle array 312 are arranged in alignment with the radial direction. In performing printing, after each sub-printing process of rotating the rotary stage 32 by one rotation is completed, the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of the print head 31 is moved radially with respect to the rotary stage 32 by a predetermined distance, the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 is kept aligned with the radial direction, and the next sub-printing process is performed, and the cycle is performed to complete the corresponding printing work of the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of one layer including the center position 36.
Since the print head 31 has a plurality of nozzles or nozzle arrays, the print head 31 also needs to be moved in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotary stage 32 in order to ensure that the print head 31 covers different nozzles or dead zones between nozzles. Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a first position of a printhead of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is moved in a direction perpendicular to a radial direction relative to a rotating platform. Fig. 13 is a schematic view illustrating a second position of a print head of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the print head moves in a direction perpendicular to a radial direction relative to a rotating platform. Fig. 14 is a schematic view illustrating a first position of a print head of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention moving radially relative to a rotating platform. Fig. 15 is a schematic view illustrating a second position of a print head of a 3D printing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a radial direction with respect to a rotating platform. Referring to fig. 11, 12, 14 and 15, which illustrate the cross-movement of the printhead 31 relative to the rotary stage 32, the first nozzle array 311 and the second nozzle array 312 are aligned with the radial direction, respectively. Specifically, after one sub-printing process is completed, that is, after the rotary stage 32 rotates one turn, the print head 31 moves a predetermined distance relative to the rotary stage 32 in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction, so that the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 is aligned with the radial direction, and the printing operation of the next sub-printing process is continued, and the cycle is performed to complete the printing operation corresponding to the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of one layer including the center position 36. Since the print head is moved in the vertical radial direction with respect to the rotary stage, the position of the nozzle arrays can be adjusted, avoiding a print dead zone due to a gap between the first nozzle array 311 and the second nozzle array 312.
In the present embodiment, in the 3D printing apparatus, the moving direction of the print head relative to the rotary stage on the rotary plane of the rotary stage includes a direction along the radial direction of the rotary stage and a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotary stage. Thus, when the printhead includes two or more nozzle arrays, the printhead can eliminate print dead zones due to the spacing between the nozzle arrays by translating itself.
Example III
An embodiment III of the present invention provides a 3D printing method, which can be applied to the 3D printing apparatus of the foregoing embodiment I, where the 3D printing apparatus includes a rotatable platform and a print head that can spin. Specifically, fig. 16 is a schematic flow chart of a 3D printing method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 16, the 3D printing method provided in this embodiment specifically includes:
s101, layering processing is carried out on the object to be printed so as to obtain a plurality of layers of data of the object to be printed.
Specifically, in step S101, in order to perform layering processing on the object to be printed, the object to be printed needs to be converted into a data structure, for example, the information of the object to be printed, that is, the target object, may be acquired by scanning, and then the information contained in the target object is converted into a data format that can be recognized by layering slicing software of the processing terminal, such as STL format, PLY format, WRL format, and the like. Specifically, the information contained in the target object may be in units of layers. That is, the target object is scanned, converted into a data format which can be recognized by the layering slicing software of the processing terminal, then sliced and layered by the layering software, layered processing is performed to form layer images, and then each layer image is analyzed to obtain layer data of each layer of the object to be printed.
S102, respectively executing a plurality of sub-printing processes according to each layer of data to print a layer corresponding to the layer of data, wherein in each sub-printing process, the rotary platform rotates for one circle and the position of the printing head is unchanged, and in at least one sub-printing process, the nozzle of the printing head passes through the central axis of the rotary platform.
After the layer data of each layer are obtained, the layer printing process can be performed according to the layer data. Specifically, since the print head 21 needs to be moved in the radial direction of the rotary stage 22 to make up printing at the center position 26 around the central axis of the rotary stage 22, a plurality of sub-printing processes are included in the layer printing process. Each sub-printing process, which may also be referred to as pass, has the position of the print head 21 fixed and the rotary table 22 rotated one revolution, the print head 21 dispenses the printing material at a corresponding specific point in time to deposit the printing material at a specific position of the rotary table 22.
Specifically, in order to ensure that the printhead 21 can cover the entire layer, the step S102 may specifically include the following sub-steps:
A. executing a sub-printing process at a current initial position of the print head;
B. Moving the print head to a next initial position according to the layer data;
repeating the steps A and B until the layer printing corresponding to the layer data is completed.
Thus, when the print head 21 completes one sub-printing process, the print head 21 moves radially a predetermined distance with respect to the rotary table 22, and starts the printing operation of the next sub-printing process. This is continuously cycled to complete a full layer print job. Since the print head 21 can be moved radially, the center position 26 of the layer will also be covered by the print head 21, ensuring complete printing. The initial positions of different sub-printing processes can be the same or different.
Among the above sub-printing processes, there is at least one sub-printing process in which nozzles on the print head 21 pass through the center position of the rotary stage 22. In addition, when the nozzles of the print head 21 are located at the center position of the rotary stage 22, the distance between the end of the second leveling component 25, which is far from the central axis of the rotary stage 22, and the central axis may be greater than or equal to the distance between the end of the first leveling component 23, which is close to the central axis, and the central axis, that is, the preset distance of the first leveling component 23, so that it is ensured that the leveling of the rotary stage 22 can be completed in common for the first leveling component 23 and the second leveling component 25.
When there are a plurality of printheads, including, for example, a first printhead and a second printhead, the above step S102 may be divided into two different cases as follows:
The first case, the printheads that print in different sub-printing processes, are different.
Specifically, in this case, the layer printing process in step S102 may be specifically that the printing job of the first print head is completed in one sub-printing process, the printing job of the second print head is completed in the next sub-printing process, and then the first print head, the second print head and the second leveling assembly are radially moved with respect to the rotary table 22, the printing job of the next sub-printing process is performed, and the cycle is so performed as to complete the printing job of one layer including the center position 26.
Alternatively, the layer printing process in step S102 may be such that the printing work of the first print head is completed in one sub-printing process, and then the first print head, that is, the print head 21, the second print head 21', and the second leveling component 25 are moved radially with respect to the rotary table 22, and the printing work of the next sub-printing process is performed, and the cycle is so performed as to complete the printing work of the corresponding print head 21 of one layer including the center position 26; then the printing of the second print head 21' is completed in one sub-printing process, then the first print head (print head 21), the second print head 21' and the second leveling assembly 25 are moved radially with respect to the rotary table 22, the printing of the next sub-printing process is performed, and so on, in a cycle to complete the printing of the corresponding second print head 21' of one layer comprising the central position 26; the print jobs of the print head 21 as the first print head and the second print head 21' can thus together form one complete layer.
In the second case, there are at least two printheads printing simultaneously in the same sub-printing process.
In this case, step S102 may specifically be that the printing work of the first printhead (printhead 21) and the second printhead 21 'is completed simultaneously in one sub-printing process, and then the printheads 21, the second printhead 21' and the second leveling component 25 are moved radially relative to the rotary platform 22 to perform the printing work of the next sub-printing process; since the second leveling assembly 25 is provided between the print head 21 and the second print head 21', at the center position 26, there is an area where the print head 21 and the second print head 21' cannot simultaneously print in one sub-printing process, in which the print job of the print head 21 corresponding to the area can be completed first, and then the print job of the second print head 21' corresponding to the area can be completed, thus completing the print job of one layer including the center position 26.
S103, stacking all the layers to obtain the object to be printed.
Specifically, after printing of one layer is completed, the rotary platform 22 of the 3D printing device is lowered by one height relative to the printing head, so that the printing process of the next layer is performed, and after printing of each layer is completed in a circulating manner, an object to be printed can be obtained.
In this embodiment, the 3D printing method specifically includes layering an object to be printed to obtain multiple layers of data of the object to be printed; respectively executing a plurality of sub-printing processes according to each layer of data to print a layer corresponding to the layer data, wherein in each sub-printing process, the rotary platform rotates for one circle and the position of the printing head is unchanged, and in at least one sub-printing process, the nozzle of the printing head passes through the central axis of the rotary platform; finally, all the layers are stacked to obtain the object to be printed. Thus, when printing, the printing head can move to cover the central position of the rotary platform, and the leveling device can level each area of the rotary platform including the central position, so that no blind area exists when printing and leveling.
Example IV
When there are two or more nozzle arrays in the print head of the 3D printing apparatus, the print head of the 3D printing apparatus may also perform a certain displacement in order to avoid the print dead zone caused by the interval between different nozzle arrays. Specifically, another 3D printing method is provided in this embodiment, which is similar to that in the third embodiment, and the difference is that, to accommodate the 3D printing apparatus in the second embodiment, in step S102 of the 3D printing method, when the print head performs the movement between different sub-printing processes, the sub-step of moving the print head to the next initial position according to the layer data may specifically include the following ways: the print head is moved in a radial direction with the rotary stage on a plane of rotation of the rotary stage to radially align the nozzle array of the print head with the rotary stage.
At this time, reference is made to fig. 13, 14 and 12 and 15, respectively, which illustrate radial movement of the print head 31 relative to the rotary stage 32, with the first nozzle array 311 and the second nozzle array 312 aligned in the radial direction. Specifically, after completing the printing operation of one sub-printing process, i.e., one rotation of the rotary stage 32, the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of the print head 31 is moved a predetermined distance relative to the radial direction of the rotary stage 32, so that the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 is kept aligned with the radial direction, and the printing operation of the next sub-printing process is continued, and the cycle is performed to complete the corresponding printing operation of the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of one layer including the center position 36.
In addition, the sub-step of moving the print head to the next initial position according to the layer data may specifically include another way: the print head is moved in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotary table on the rotary plane of the rotary table to align the nozzle array of the print head with the radial direction of the rotary table.
Referring to fig. 12, 13 and 14, 15, respectively, which illustrate the cross-movement of the printhead 31 relative to the rotary stage 32, the first nozzle array 311 and the second nozzle array 312 are aligned with the radial direction. Specifically, after the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of the print head 31 completes the printing operation of one sub-printing process, that is, the rotary stage 32 rotates one turn, the print head 31 moves a predetermined distance in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotary stage 32 within the rotary plane of the rotary stage 32, aligns the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 with the radial direction, and continues the printing operation of the next sub-printing process, and the cycle is thus completed to complete the printing operation corresponding to the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of one layer including the center position 36.
The two above-described modes may be combined to complete the complete layer printing process when the sub-step of moving the print head 31 to the next initial position is performed.
In the above two modes, the order of the radial movement of the first nozzle array 311 and the second nozzle array 312 with respect to the rotary stage 32 and the movement in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction is not limited, and for example, the first nozzle array 311 moves a predetermined distance in the radial direction or in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction with respect to the rotary stage 32 after the printing work of one sub-printing process is completed, then the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 performs the printing work of the next sub-printing process, and then the printing head 31 moves a predetermined distance in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction or in the radial direction with respect to the rotary stage 32, and so on, to complete the printing work of one layer including the center position 36. That is, the order between the two movement patterns may be dependent on the need.
In this embodiment, the dual nozzle array printhead has and only has one nozzle array aligned with the radial direction of the rotary stage 32 and in operation during the print job of one sub-printing process.
The 3D printing method of the third embodiment and the 3D printing method of the present embodiment can be combined for the 3D printing method of the plurality of dual nozzle array printheads, and the printing principle is basically the same, which is not described herein.
Further, the nozzle array on the printhead 31 may continue dispensing material or pause dispensing material during radial movement of the printhead 31 along the rotating platen 32 or along a direction perpendicular to the rotating platen 32.
In the case of continuing to dispense material, the layer data is adjusted and processed according to the rotational speed of the rotary stage 32, the speed of movement of the printhead 31 relative to the rotary stage 32, the speed of the material exiting the nozzle, etc., to dispense the material to drop into the correct position at the appropriate time.
In the case of a pause in dispensing material, the invention may be carried out in two ways:
1. the material dispensing starts at the same starting position.
2. The dispensing of material is started at different starting positions.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating an initial position of a first material dispensing manner in a 3D printing method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, in case 1 above, the material is dispensed from the same initial position in different sub-printing processes, and the movement of the second embodiment and the present embodiment is illustrated with reference to fig. 12, 13, 14, 15 and 17, the arrow is illustrated as the movement track of the print head 31 relative to the rotary table 32, and after the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of the print head 31 starts to print at the initial position, the two cases are divided after the printing work of one sub-printing process is completed:
a. The print head 31 is moved radially relative to the rotary table 32 by a predetermined distance, at which time the rotary table 32 has been rotated by a certain angle and the starting position has been changed, and dispensing of material is not started until the rotary table 32 has been rotated to the radial direction of the original starting position (different from the radial position of the starting position);
b. The print head 31 is moved crosswise relative to the rotary stage 32 by a predetermined distance, at which time the rotary stage 32 has been rotated by a certain angle and the starting position has been changed, and dispensing of material is not started until the rotary stage 32 has rotated to its original starting position (coinciding with the radial position of the starting position).
In case 2, the material dispensing is started at different initial positions in different sub-printing processes, or the movement of the second embodiment and the present embodiment is illustrated, and fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the initial position of the second material dispensing mode in the 3D printing method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 12, 13, 14, 15 and 18, the arrow is shown as a movement trace of the print head 31 with respect to the rotary stage 32, after the first nozzle array 311 or the second nozzle array 312 of the print head 31 starts printing at the start position and a printing job of a sub-printing process is completed, the print head 31 is moved a preset distance with respect to the rotary stage 32 in a radial direction or a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotary stage 32, at which time the rotary stage 32 has been rotated by a certain angle, and the material is dispensed with the position as a new start position, but it is necessary to adjust printing data, and the rotated angle data is compensated to the last printing of the sub-printing process.
In this embodiment, the 3D printing method specifically includes layering an object to be printed to obtain multiple layers of data of the object to be printed; respectively executing a plurality of sub-printing processes according to each layer of data to print a layer corresponding to the layer data, wherein in each sub-printing process, the rotary platform rotates for one circle and the position of the printing head is unchanged, and in at least one sub-printing process, the nozzle of the printing head passes through the central axis of the rotary platform; finally, all the layers are stacked to obtain an object to be printed; wherein the sub-step of moving the print head to a next initial position in dependence on the layer data may particularly comprise moving the print head in a radial direction with respect to the rotary stage in a plane of rotation of the rotary stage such that the nozzle array of the print head is radially aligned with the rotary stage, as the print head moves between different sub-printing processes. Thus, when the printhead includes two or more nozzle arrays, the printhead can eliminate print dead zones due to the spacing between the nozzle arrays by translating itself.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the method embodiments described above may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The program, when executed, performs steps including the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (22)
1. The utility model provides a 3D printing apparatus, includes rotary platform that can rotate around self axis, is used for printing the print head of waiting to print the object on rotary platform and is used for leveling the levelling device of waiting to print object layer surface, print head with the levelling device all is located rotary platform top, the levelling device includes first levelling subassembly, print head can be relative rotary platform's rotation plane is last to remove, print head and first levelling subassembly all have the interval of dodging with the axis between, its characterized in that, the levelling device still includes second levelling subassembly, second levelling subassembly with print head fixed connection, the motion track of second levelling subassembly passes through the axis; the second leveling component is mainly used for leveling the center position of the rotary platform.
2. The 3D printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a distance between at least one end of the second leveling component and the central axis is greater than or equal to an avoidance distance between the first leveling component and the central axis.
3. 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one nozzle of the printhead passes the central axis as the printhead moves relative to the rotating platform.
4. 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the printhead and the first leveling component are located at different positions in the circumferential direction of the rotating platform.
5. The 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first leveling assembly comprises a first leveling roller that is rotatable about its own axis, the first leveling roller being frustoconical in the axial direction with a small end of the first leveling roller facing the central axis of the rotary stage and a large end of the first leveling roller facing an edge of the rotary stage.
6. The 3D printing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the second leveling assembly includes a second leveling roller that is rotatable about its own axis, the second leveling roller being cylindrical, and an axial direction of the second leveling roller being parallel to a radial direction of the rotary stage.
7. The 3D printing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a rolling speed of the second leveling roller matches a linear speed of the rotary platform at a position corresponding to an end of the second leveling roller away from the central axis.
8. The 3D printing apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a sum of lengths of the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller is larger than a radius of the rotating platform.
9. The 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second leveling components are both located at the same height above the rotating platform.
10. The 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of the print heads includes a first print head and a second print head, and the nozzles of the first print head are the same as or different from the nozzles of the second print head.
11. The 3D printing apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first and second printheads are located on either side of the central axis.
12. 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the direction of movement of the print head on the plane of rotation of the rotary stage comprises in a radial direction of the rotary stage and in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotary stage.
13. 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a curing device located above the rotating platform.
14. 3D printing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the angle between the print head, the first leveling component and the curing device is greater than 0 ° and less than 180 °.
15. A 3D printing method applied to a 3D printing device according to any of claims 1-14, the 3D printing device comprising a rotary platform and a printhead, the method comprising:
Layering the object to be printed to obtain a plurality of layers of data of the object to be printed;
Respectively executing a plurality of sub-printing processes according to each layer of data to print a layer corresponding to the layer of data, wherein in each sub-printing process, the rotary platform rotates for one circle and the position of the printing head is unchanged, and in at least one sub-printing process, the nozzle of the printing head passes through the central axis of the rotary platform;
all the stacks are stacked to obtain the object to be printed.
16. The 3D printing method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the performing a plurality of sub-printing processes according to each of the layer data to obtain the layer corresponding to the layer data, comprises the steps of:
A. Executing one of said sub-printing processes at a current initial position of said printhead;
B. moving the print head to a next initial position according to the layer data;
repeating the steps A and B until the layer printing corresponding to the layer data is completed.
17. The 3D printing method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the printheads that print in different sub-printing processes are different.
18. 3D printing method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that there are at least two of said printheads printing simultaneously in the same sub-printing process.
19. The 3D printing method of claim 16 wherein the initial positions of the printheads during different sub-printing processes are the same.
20. The 3D printing method of claim 16 wherein the initial position of the printhead during different sub-printing processes is different.
21. The 3D printing method according to claim 20, wherein moving the print head to a next initial position according to the layer data, in particular comprises: the print head is moved in a radial direction with the rotary stage on a plane of rotation of the rotary stage to align a nozzle array of the print head with a radial direction of the rotary stage.
22. 3D printing method according to claim 20, characterized in that moving the print head to the next initial position according to the layer data, in particular comprises moving the print head in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the rotating platform on the plane of rotation of the rotating platform to align the nozzle array of the print head with the radial direction of the rotating platform.
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| DE102019002809A1 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | Hans Mathea | Method for producing at least one solid-state layer in accordance with predetermined geometric data |
| DE102019002808A1 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | Hans Mathea | Method for producing at least one solid layer on a base rotatable about an axis of rotation |
| CN110216870A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-09-10 | 北京大华博科智能科技有限公司 | A kind of axle center rotary continuous ink-jet 3D printing equipment, system, method and application |
| CN110815825B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-06-04 | 珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司 | Printing method of 3D object slice layer, printing method of 3D object and printing device |
| CN212708039U (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-03-16 | 珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司 | Rotary three-dimensional printer |
| CN112453327B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-05-10 | 康硕(江西)智能制造有限公司 | Sand core 3D printing method, system, terminal and computer readable storage medium |
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