CN109093823B - Method for manufacturing through crack of large-size concrete block - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing through crack of large-size concrete block Download PDFInfo
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- CN109093823B CN109093823B CN201811219674.5A CN201811219674A CN109093823B CN 109093823 B CN109093823 B CN 109093823B CN 201811219674 A CN201811219674 A CN 201811219674A CN 109093823 B CN109093823 B CN 109093823B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a through crack of a large-size concrete block, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly pouring concrete blocks to be pressed, then pressing the concrete blocks to be pressed off, then putting one section of the pressed concrete blocks into the mould again to form the cast-in-advance concrete blocks, then pouring concrete into the remaining empty part of the mould to form the cast-in-later concrete blocks, finally breaking the concrete blocks by utilizing the construction joints between the concrete blocks and the empty part of the mould, and finally re-folding the concrete blocks under the action of the guide pipes to form the through type cracks. The manufacturing method of the through type crack of the large-size concrete block can successfully separate the large-size concrete block and can splice two sections together in a tight joint manner after separation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of reinforced concrete structure repair, in particular to a method for manufacturing a through crack of a large-size concrete block, wherein the large size means that the size of the cross section of the concrete block, namely the section exceeds 30cm x 30 cm.
Background
In the service process of the concrete material, structural seams and non-structural seams are generated under the action of various internal and external factors such as plastic shrinkage, dry shrinkage, structural deformation, external load and the like. In order to avoid the damage of the cracks to the safety, durability and normal use of the structure, materials such as mortar, resin and the like need to be poured in time to repair the cracks. However, after the crack is repaired, whether the poured mortar reaches the deepest position of the crack or not, the concrete depth of the mortar repair, and how the crack repairing effect is, a mature and complete scheme is not available in the prior art, so that a new research subject and a new research direction are raised in the field, namely modeling, testing and research are carried out on the concrete crack repairing effect. To perform the modeling test, the problem of how to prepare the through crack on the concrete block must be solved.
There is currently no apparatus and method for creating cracks in the industry, but researchers propose two assumptions: the first is a shrinkage method, namely, the concrete block is subjected to rapid cooling and heating so as to expand with heat and contract with cold to form cracks, but the scheme can only form shallow local cracks on the surface of the concrete structure and cannot penetrate through the concrete block; secondly, adopt compression equipment, shelve the middle section at concrete piece both ends unsettled, compression equipment pushes down the unsettled section in the middle of the concrete piece, presses it to be broken into two sections by force, then splices the section of two sections again, makes it draw close as far as possible and form the through crack, the defect of above-mentioned method lies in: the two sections of concrete after being pressed and broken are not positioned on the same straight line any more, and in actual operation, the sections of the two sections of concrete are difficult to align completely, so that the actual splicing process is difficult; more importantly, the concrete is broken by pressing along the width direction, the sections need to be spliced again along the length direction, the two sections are deformed along the width direction by the aid of the hard pressing in the width direction, concave-convex particles of the two sections are not matched any more, and accordingly, the two sections cannot be spliced again along the length direction strictly, and a through type crack cannot be manufactured naturally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for manufacturing a through crack of a large-size concrete block, which can successfully separate the concrete block and can combine two sections into a tight seam after separation to form the through crack.
The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a through crack of a large-size concrete block, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a die comprising four side plates, wherein central holes are formed in the front and rear side plates, two layers of reinforcing mesh are placed at the front and rear ends of a die cavity of the die, a tie bar is inserted into each central hole, the inner end of each tie bar is fixed with the reinforcing mesh at the same end of the die cavity, and an internal thread hole is formed in the outer end of each tie bar; two guide pipes parallel to the tie bars are placed into the mold cavity;
b. pouring concrete into the mould to form a concrete block to be pressed, anchoring the two layers of reinforcing mesh, the two guide pipes and the two tie bars in the concrete block to be pressed, removing the four side plates, demoulding, and then drawing out the two guide pipes to form two through guide holes in the concrete block to be pressed;
c. placing the middle sections at two ends of the concrete block to be pressed in the air, pressing the suspended section in the middle of the concrete block to be pressed by using a pressurizing device, and forcibly pressing the suspended section into two sections;
d. reinserting the two guide pipes into the two guide holes of the cut concrete block, aligning one end of each guide pipe with the flat end face of the cut concrete block, putting the two guide pipes and the cut concrete block into a mold again, abutting the flat end face of the cut concrete block against a side plate at one end of the mold, and inserting the tie bar of the cut concrete block into a central hole of the abutting end side plate of the mold; at the moment, the cut concrete block occupies one part of the die cavity of the die, then a layer of reinforcing mesh is additionally arranged in the left empty part of the die cavity, a tie bar is additionally inserted into a central hole of a side plate at the other end of the die, and the inner end of the newly inserted tie bar is fixed with the newly inserted reinforcing mesh;
e. pouring concrete into the remaining empty part of the mould to form a post-poured concrete block, anchoring a newly-placed layer of reinforcing mesh and a tie bar in the post-poured concrete block, forming a construction joint between the pre-poured concrete block and the post-poured concrete block, forming a concrete block to be tensioned by the aid of the pre-poured concrete block and the post-poured concrete block, and anchoring two guide pipes in the concrete block to be tensioned;
f. removing the four side plates to demould, and screwing a hook into the outer ends of the two tie bars on the two sides of the concrete block to be tensioned respectively;
g. fixing a pull ring and two guide rods on a fixed pull plate, sleeving the two guide rods of the concrete block to be tensioned on the corresponding two guide rods, hooking a hook at the fixed end of the concrete block to be tensioned with the pull ring of the fixed pull plate, and fixing cylinder bodies of two hydraulic jacks on the fixed pull plate;
h. the sliding pulling plate is penetrated with two through holes and is fixed with a pull ring, then the two through holes of the sliding pulling plate are sleeved on the two guide rods in a sliding manner, and the pull ring of the sliding pulling plate is hooked with a hook at the sliding end of the concrete block to be tensioned; the movable parts of the two hydraulic jacks are fixed with the sliding pull plate;
i. and driving the hydraulic jack to enable the distance between the two pulling plates to expand outwards, further completely breaking the concrete block to be tensioned from the construction joint to form two sections with mutually matched sections, and then reversely driving the hydraulic jack to enable the two sections to be mutually attached to form a through type crack.
Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the through crack of the large-size concrete block has the following remarkable advantages and beneficial effects.
Firstly, in the later stage of tensioning, the direction of applying the tensioning force is always consistent with the pulling and folding directions of the two concrete blocks and is along the length direction of the concrete blocks, and the two guide rods provide support guide in the opening and closing process, so that the dislocation in the width direction and the height direction can not occur, the two sections are always aligned with each other in the opening and closing process, and the accurate folding is facilitated; in addition, compared with the prior art that the fracture surface is deformed in the width direction due to vertical fracture and cannot be folded again, the later-stage tensioning of the invention is always consistent with the fracture resetting direction, so that the deformation in the width direction during pulling is avoided, two fracture surfaces are in concave-convex one-to-one correspondence in the pulling and folding process and are matched with each other, and the tight joint of the two jointed fracture surfaces after folding is ensured; more importantly, the invention has the following greatest bright points: the concrete block is firstly broken by pressing, then the other half of the concrete block is poured again, and finally the concrete block is stretched in a rigid manner, so that the dilemma that the concrete block is too large in size and cannot be broken by tension force is avoided, the concrete block is suitable for crack manufacturing of large-size concrete blocks, moreover, the concrete block is firstly broken by pressing and then is poured to form a construction joint which is easy to break, the concrete block is convenient to pull, and the defect that the fracture surface deforms along the width direction due to rigid breaking is overcome, namely, although the width direction still causes the deformation of the concave-convex width direction of the fracture surface during rigid pressing, after the concrete block is poured again, the two fracture surfaces on the left and the right of the construction joint are matched with each other in a concave-convex manner, so that after the concrete block is pulled along the construction joint, the two fracture surfaces are closed in a tight silk joint manner.
Preferably, the rear end surface of the die is provided with two side through holes, in the step a, the front ends of the two guide pipes are abutted against a side plate at the front end of the die, the rear ends of the two guide pipes penetrate through the through holes at the two sides and extend out of the die, and lubricating oil is smeared outside the two guide pipes; in the step b, after the concrete block to be pressed is demoulded, the rear end of the guide pipe is grasped, and the guide pipe is pulled out of the concrete block to be pressed; in the step d, after the guide pipe is placed into the cavity, the front end of the guide pipe is abutted against the side plate at the front end of the cavity, and the rear end of the guide pipe penetrates through the side through hole of the side plate at the rear end of the cavity; and f, after demolding, grasping the pipe section of the guide pipe, of which the rear end extends out of the concrete block to be tensioned, and rotating the pipe section to ensure that the two guide pipes and the concrete block to be tensioned are loosened.
Therefore, when the mould is demoulded for the first time, the guide pipe can be conveniently grasped and extended out of the pipe section of the concrete block to be pressed, and the guide pipe is lubricated with oil so as to be conveniently and smoothly drawn out; and when the second demoulding, the guide pipe is rotated, so that the bonding between the guide pipe and the concrete block to be tensioned fails, the bonding between the guide pipe and the concrete is prevented from forming tensioning resistance, and smooth tensioning is further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention in the construction of a concrete block to be pressed.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention prior to casting of the post-cast concrete block.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention in the form of a concrete block to be tensioned.
The concrete block tensioning device comprises a steel bar net 1, side plates 2, a steel bar net 3, a tie bar 4, a cavity 5, an internal threaded hole 6, a guide pipe 7, a concrete block to be pressed 8, a concrete block poured later 9, a concrete block poured earlier 10, a construction joint 11, a concrete block to be tensioned 12, a hook 13, a fixed pulling plate 14, a pulling ring 15, a guide rod 16, a hydraulic jack 17 and a sliding pulling plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the method for producing through cracks in large concrete blocks according to the present invention comprises the following steps.
a. A mold comprising four side plates 1 and a bottom plate is prepared, and the four side plates 1 and the bottom plate jointly form a cavity 4. The side plates 1 at the front end and the rear end are all communicated with a central hole, two layers of reinforcing mesh 2 are placed at the front end and the rear end of the die cavity 4, a front tie bar 3 and a rear tie bar 3 are inserted into the central holes of the side plates 1 at the front end and the side plates 1 at the rear end, the inner ends of the tie bars 3 at the front end are fixed with the reinforcing mesh 2 at the front end of the die cavity 4, the inner ends of the tie bars 3 at the rear end are fixed with the reinforcing mesh 2 at the rear end of the die cavity 4, and the fixing refers to welding or steel wire binding. An internal thread hole 5 is arranged at the outer end of each tie bar 3. Two guide pipes 6 parallel to the tie bars 3 are placed into the mold cavity 4; the front end of each guide pipe 6 is abutted against the side plate 1 at the front end of the cavity 4, the side plate 1 at the rear end of the mold cavity 4 is provided with two side through holes, the rear end of each guide pipe 6 penetrates through the through holes at the two sides and extends out of the mold, and lubricating oil is smeared outside the two guide pipes 6.
b. Concrete is poured into the die to form a concrete block 7 to be pressed, the inner ends 3 of the two layers of reinforcing mesh 2, the two guide pipes 6 and the two tie bars are all anchored in the concrete block 7 to be pressed, then the four side plates 1 are disassembled for demoulding, then the rear ends of the guide pipes 6 are grasped to draw the guide pipes 6 out of the concrete block 7 to be pressed, and two through guide holes are formed in the concrete block 7 to be pressed.
c. Placing the middle sections at the two ends of the concrete block 7 to be pressed in the air, pressing the middle suspended section of the concrete block 7 to be pressed down by a pressurizing device, and forcibly pressing the suspended section into two sections.
d. The two guide pipes 6 are inserted into the two guide holes of the cut concrete block, and the previous section is selected in the embodiment, namely the front end of the cut concrete block is flat and the rear end of the cut concrete block is a section. Aligning the front ends of the two guide pipes 6 with the flat end surface of the cut and pressed concrete block, namely the front end surface, putting the two guide pipes 6 and the cut and pressed concrete block into a mould again, abutting the flat end surface of the cut and pressed concrete block against a side plate 1 at the front end of the mould, and inserting a tie bar 3 of the cut and pressed concrete block into a central hole of the abutting end of the mould, namely a front end side plate 1; at this point, the cut concrete block occupies a part of the mold cavity 4, i.e., the front part, and then another layer of mesh reinforcement 2 is inserted into the remaining empty part of the mold cavity 4, and another tie bar 3 is inserted into the central hole of the other end of the mold, i.e., the rear end side plate 1, and the inner end of the newly inserted tie bar 3 is fixed to the newly inserted mesh reinforcement 2.
In the embodiment, a cut-off concrete block is firstly placed into the mold cavity 4, then the front end of the cut-off concrete block abuts against the side plate 1 at the front end of the mold, meanwhile, the tie bar 3 of the cut-off concrete block is inserted into the central hole of the side plate 1 at the front end, then the two guide pipes 6 penetrate through the side through holes of the side plate 1 at the rear end of the mold, and are pushed forward to be inserted into the two guide holes of the placed concrete block, and finally, the front end of each guide pipe 6 abuts against the side plate 1 at the front end of the mold cavity 4.
e. Concrete is poured to the remaining empty part of the mould, namely the rear part, to form a rear poured concrete block 8, the inner ends of the newly-placed layer of reinforcing mesh 2 and the tie bar 3 are anchored in the rear poured concrete block 8, a section of broken concrete block placed before pouring becomes a first poured concrete block 9, a construction joint 10 is formed between the first poured concrete block 9 and the rear poured concrete block 8, the first poured concrete block 9 and the rear poured concrete block 8 jointly form a concrete block 11 to be tensioned, and the two guide pipes 6 are anchored in the concrete block 11 to be tensioned.
f. And removing the four side plates 1 to demould, grasping the pipe section of the guide pipe 6, the rear end of which extends out of the concrete block 11 to be tensioned, and rotating the pipe section to ensure that the two guide pipes 6 and the concrete block 11 to be tensioned are mutually loosened. And the outer ends of the two tie bars 3 at the two sides of the concrete block 11 to be tensioned are respectively screwed with a hook 12; specifically, a screw is arranged in the hook 12 and screwed with the internal thread hole 5.
g. A pull ring 14 and two guide rods 15 are fixed on a fixed pull plate 13, two guide pipes 6 of a concrete block 11 to be tensioned are sleeved on the two corresponding guide rods 15, a hook 12 at the fixed end of the concrete block 11 to be tensioned is hooked with the pull ring 14 of the fixed pull plate 13, and then cylinder bodies of two hydraulic jacks 16 are fixed on the fixed pull plate 13.
h. The sliding pulling plate 17 is penetrated with two through holes and is fixed with a pulling ring 14, then the two through holes of the sliding pulling plate 17 are sleeved on the two guide rods 15 in a sliding mode, and the pulling ring 14 of the sliding pulling plate 17 is hooked with a hook 12 at the sliding end of a concrete block 11 to be tensioned; and the movable parts of the two hydraulic jacks 16 are fixed with the sliding pulling plate 17.
i. And driving the hydraulic jack 16 to enable the distance between the two pulling plates to expand outwards, further completely breaking the concrete block 11 to be tensioned from the construction joint 10 to form two sections with mutually matched sections, and then reversely driving the hydraulic jack 16 to enable the two sections to be mutually attached to form a through type crack.
Naturally, whether the concrete block can be pulled apart hard depends on the cross section size of the concrete block, so in the conventional scheme, the large-size concrete block cannot be pulled apart, namely when the cross section size of the concrete block exceeds 30cm x 30cm, the pulling method fails, but because the application is firstly pressed to break and then poured again and finally pulled, the limitation of the cross section size of 30cm x 30cm is broken through, and the method is particularly suitable for preparing the through cracks on the large-size concrete block.
Claims (2)
1. A method for manufacturing a through crack of a large-size concrete block is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a die comprising four side plates (1), wherein center holes are respectively penetrated through the side plates (1) at the front end and the rear end of a die cavity (4), a layer of reinforcing mesh (2) is respectively placed at the front end and the rear end of the die cavity (4), a tie bar (3) is inserted into each center hole, the inner end of each tie bar (3) is fixed with the reinforcing mesh (2) at the same end of the die cavity (4), and the outer end of each tie bar (3) is provided with an internal thread hole (5); two guide pipes (6) parallel to the tie bars (3) are placed into the mold cavity (4);
b. pouring concrete into the mould to form a concrete block (7) to be pressed, anchoring the two layers of reinforcing mesh (2), the two guide pipes (6) and the two tie bars (3) in the concrete block (7) to be pressed, removing the four side plates (1) for demoulding, and then drawing out the two guide pipes (6) to form two through guide holes in the concrete block (7) to be pressed;
c. placing the middle sections of the two ends of the concrete block (7) to be pressed in the air, pressing the suspended section in the middle of the concrete block (7) to be pressed by a pressurizing device, and forcibly pressing the suspended section into two sections;
d. reinserting two guide pipes (6) into two guide holes of a cut concrete block after being pressed, aligning one end of each guide pipe (6) with the flat end face of the cut concrete block after being pressed, putting the two guide pipes (6) and the cut concrete block into a mold again, abutting the flat end face of the cut concrete block against a side plate (1) at one end of the mold, and inserting a tie bar (3) of the cut concrete block into a central hole of the mold abutting against the side plate (1); at the moment, the cut concrete block occupies one part of a die cavity (4), then a layer of reinforcing mesh (2) is additionally placed into the left empty part of the die cavity (4), a tie bar (3) is additionally inserted into a central hole of a side plate (1) at the other end of the die, and the inner end of the newly inserted tie bar (3) is fixed with the newly placed reinforcing mesh (2);
e. pouring concrete into the remaining empty part of the mould to form a post-cast concrete block (8), anchoring a newly-placed layer of reinforcement mesh (2) and a tie bar (3) in the post-cast concrete block (8), forming a pre-cast concrete block (9) by a section of the concrete block after being crushed before pouring, forming a construction joint (10) between the pre-cast concrete block (9) and the post-cast concrete block (8), forming a concrete block (11) to be tensioned by the pre-cast concrete block (9) and the post-cast concrete block (8) together, and anchoring two guide pipes (6) in the concrete block (11) to be tensioned;
f. removing the four side plates (1) to demould, and screwing a hook (12) into the outer ends of the two tie bars (3) at the two sides of the concrete block (11) to be tensioned respectively;
g. a pull ring (14) and two guide rods (15) are fixed on a fixed pull plate (13), two guide pipes (6) of a concrete block (11) to be tensioned are sleeved on the two corresponding guide rods (15), a hook (12) at the fixed end of the concrete block (11) to be tensioned is hooked with the pull ring (14) of the fixed pull plate (13), and then cylinder bodies of two hydraulic jacks (16) are fixed on the fixed pull plate (13);
h. two through holes are penetrated on the sliding pull plate (17), a pull ring (14) is fixed, the two through holes of the sliding pull plate (17) are sleeved on the two guide rods (15) in a sliding mode, and the pull ring (14) of the sliding pull plate (17) is hooked with a hook (12) at the sliding end of a concrete block (11) to be tensioned; the movable parts of the two hydraulic jacks (16) are fixed with the sliding pull plate (17);
i. and driving the hydraulic jack (16) to enable the distance between the two pulling plates to expand outwards, further completely breaking the concrete block (11) to be tensioned from the construction joint (10) and forming two sections with mutually matched sections, and then reversely driving the hydraulic jack (16) to enable the two sections to be mutually attached to form a through type crack.
2. The method for manufacturing a through crack of a large-sized concrete block according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, the front ends of the two guide pipes (6) are abutted against a side plate (1) at the front end of the die, the rear ends of the two guide pipes (6) penetrate through the through holes at the two sides and extend out of the die, and lubricating oil is smeared outside the two guide pipes (6); in the step b, after the concrete block (7) to be pressed is demoulded, the rear end of the guide pipe (6) is grasped, and the guide pipe (6) is pulled out of the concrete block (7) to be pressed; in the step d, after the guide pipe (6) is placed into the cavity (4), the front end of the guide pipe (6) is abutted against the side plate (1) at the front end of the cavity (4), and the rear end of the guide pipe penetrates through a side through hole of the side plate (1) at the rear end of the cavity (4); and f, after demolding, grasping the pipe section of the guide pipe (6) with the rear end extending out of the concrete block (11) to be tensioned and rotating the pipe section to enable the two guide pipes (6) and the concrete block (11) to be tensioned to be mutually loosened.
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| CN201811219674.5A CN109093823B (en) | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | Method for manufacturing through crack of large-size concrete block |
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