CN109091666B - Preparation method and application of tumor catalysis nano reaction system with tumor targeting function - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of tumor catalysis nano reaction system with tumor targeting function Download PDF

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CN109091666B
CN109091666B CN201810952268.3A CN201810952268A CN109091666B CN 109091666 B CN109091666 B CN 109091666B CN 201810952268 A CN201810952268 A CN 201810952268A CN 109091666 B CN109091666 B CN 109091666B
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齐蕾
戴黎明
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Wenzhou Medical University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a tumor catalysis nano reaction system with a targeted tumor function, wherein the tumor catalysis nano reaction system comprises a tumor catalysis nano reactor and a targeted tumor material which is physically adsorbed and wrapped outside the tumor catalysis nano reactor; the structure of the tumor catalysis nano reactor is formed by covalently connecting a carboxyl terminal of a graphene quantum dot with peroxidase activity and an amino terminal of glucose oxidase; the targeted tumor material is prepared by covalently connecting RGDS polypeptide and distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) through an amide reaction. The invention has the characteristics of targeting tumor and obvious killing effect on tumor cells, thereby being applicable to the preparation of antitumor drugs.

Description

Preparation method and application of tumor catalysis nano reaction system with tumor targeting function
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a tumor catalysis nano reaction system with a targeting tumor function.
Background
Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) have a very large specific surface area, abundant and active edge functional groups and stable autofluorescence, and are therefore widely applied to the fields of drug delivery, biosensing, imaging and the like. In addition, GQDs have been found to have peroxidase activity similar to that of horseradish peroxidase, and are capable of degrading hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl radicals under acidic conditions. Thus, GQDs are often used to prepare biosensors for detecting glucose.
At present, the research reports about the application of GQDs at home and abroad do not see the related application of the GQDs in tumor catalytic treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a preparation method and application of a tumor catalytic nano reaction system with a targeted tumor function. The tumor catalysis nano-reactor with the target tumor function is prepared by connecting graphene quantum dots (Py-GQDs) with peroxidase activity with glucose oxidase to prepare a catalysis reactor (PyG-Gox), and then wrapping a target tumor material (RGDS-PEG) through physical adsorption to form the catalysis nano-reactor with the target tumor function.
As a first aspect of the invention, the invention discloses a tumor catalysis nano reaction system with a targeted tumor function, which comprises a tumor catalysis nano reactor and a targeted tumor material which is physically adsorbed and wrapped outside the tumor catalysis nano reactor;
the structure of the tumor catalysis nano reactor is formed by covalently connecting a carboxyl terminal of a graphene quantum dot with peroxidase activity and an amino terminal of glucose oxidase;
the targeted tumor material is prepared by covalently connecting RGDS polypeptide and distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) through an amide reaction.
As a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a tumor catalysis nano reaction system with a tumor targeting function comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a tumor catalysis nano-reactor (PyG-Gox (PG for short)) by taking pyrene as a raw material, reacting the pyrene with nitric acid to prepare trinitropyrene which is used as a precursor, further preparing the precursor into graphene quantum dots (Py-GQDs) with peroxidase activity by utilizing a hydrothermal reaction, and activating carboxyl terminals of the graphene quantum dots (Py-GQDs) with peroxidase activity by utilizing carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide under a normal temperature condition to covalently connect with amino terminals of glucose oxidase (Gox);
(2) activating carboxyl terminals of distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) with the molecular weight of 3400 by using carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide at normal temperature, and covalently connecting the RGDS polypeptide with the distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) through an amide reaction to prepare a targeted tumor material (RGDS-PEG);
(3) wrapping the targeted tumor material prepared in the step (2) with the tumor catalysis nanoreactor prepared in the step (1) in a physical adsorption mode to obtain a tumor catalysis nanoreaction system (RGDS-PEG @ PG) with a targeted tumor function;
the steps (1) and (2) are not in sequence.
Further setting the temperature of the physical adsorption coating in the step (3) to be 30-37 ℃ for 10-12 h.
Further setting the mass ratio of distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) to RGDS polypeptide in the step (2) as follows: 1:2-10.
Further setting the reaction temperature of the pyrene and nitric acid reaction for preparing trinitropyrene in the step (1) to be 80-100 ℃.
Further setting the conditions of the hydrothermal reaction in the step (1) to be 180 ℃ and 200 ℃ for 10-12 hours.
Further setting that the graphene quantum dots with peroxidase activity prepared in the step (1) are dialyzed by ionized water in a dialysis bag and freeze-dried, and the molecular weight cutoff of the dialysis bag is less than or equal to 3500.
The mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots with peroxidase activity to the glucose oxidase in the step (1) is further set to be 1:1-1: 5.
Further setting the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots with peroxidase activity to the glucose oxidase in the step (1) to be 1: 2.
The invention also provides an application of the tumor catalysis nano reaction system with the tumor targeting function in preparing the tumor targeting anti-tumor medicament, wherein the tumor targeting anti-tumor medicament comprises the tumor catalysis nano reaction system with the tumor targeting function. The antitumor drug can also comprise pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutic adjuvants.
The term "pharmaceutical excipient" as used herein refers to a pharmaceutical carrier which is conventional in the pharmaceutical field, such as: binders such as cellulose derivatives, alginates, gelatin, and polyvinylpyrrolidone; diluents such as starch, pregelatinized starch, dextrin, sucrose, lactose, mannitol, etc., fillers such as starch, sucrose, etc.; humectants such as glycerol; disintegrants such as sodium carboxymethyl starch, crospovidone, and dry starch; absorption enhancers such as quaternary ammonium compounds; surfactants such as polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acids, and glycerol fatty acid esters, etc.; coloring agents such as titanium dioxide, sunset yellow, methylene blue, medicinal iron oxide red, etc.; lubricants such as hydrogenated vegetable oils, talc, polyethylene glycol and the like. Coating materials such as acrylic resin, hypromellose, polyvidone, cellulose acetate, etc.; other adjuvants such as flavoring agent, sweetener, etc. can also be added into the composition.
Various dosage forms of the antitumor drug can be prepared according to the conventional production method in the pharmaceutical field. For example, the active ingredient may be combined with one or more carriers and then formulated into the desired dosage form. The preparation forms of the medicine comprise injection tablets, granules, capsules, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, sprays, aerosols, powder sprays, drops, dripping pills, nano preparations and the like. The present invention may be administered in the form of a composition to a patient in need of such treatment by gastrointestinal administration, injection administration, respiratory administration, dermal administration, mucosal administration, and luminal administration. For oral administration, it can be made into conventional solid preparations such as tablet, powder, granule, capsule, etc., liquid preparations such as water or oil suspension, or other liquid preparations such as syrup, elixir, etc.; for parenteral administration, it can be formulated into solution for injection, aqueous or oily suspension, etc.
The invention has the advantages that: the tumor-targeted catalytic nano-reaction system with the tumor-targeted function is formed by wrapping the tumor-targeted material which is formed by covalently connecting the RGDS polypeptide and the distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (DSPE-PEG) in the tumor-targeted catalytic nano-reactor, and has very excellent tumor-targeted characteristics.
In addition, the tumor catalysis nano-reactor (PyG-Gox) prepared by the invention firstly degrades glucose in the environment to generate a large amount of hydrogen peroxide under the slightly acidic environment of the tumor, and further catalytically degrades the hydrogen peroxide into hydroxyl free radicals, so that the obvious killing effect on tumor cells is generated, and the tumor catalysis nano-reactor (PyG-Gox) can be applied to the preparation of antitumor drugs. In addition, the nano-silver nano-particles do not generate catalytic action under neutral conditions, thereby showing excellent biocompatibility and having no toxic action on normal tissues.
The specific effects are shown in the examples section.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is within the scope of the present invention for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a graph of Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) characterization of RGDS-PEG and RGDS-PEG @ PG;
FIG. 2 is an in vitro assay graph of the lethality of RGDS-PEG @ PG against tumor cell lines OCM-1 and MCF-7;
FIG. 3 is an in vitro assay graph of the lethality of RGDS-PEG @ PG against the normal tissue cell lines ARPE-19 and L929;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of RGDS-PEG @ PG targeted phagocytosis of tumor cells observed by a confocal laser microscope.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Preparation examples:
the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) taking pyrene as a raw material, and reacting the pyrene with nitric acid at 80-100 ℃ (preferably 90 ℃) to prepare a precursor: trinitropyrene and freeze drying it; resuspending the precursor by using a sodium hydroxide solution, carrying out ultrasonic reaction, adding the mixture into a reaction kettle, preparing graphene quantum dots (Py-GQDs) through hydrothermal reaction, dialyzing the Py-GQDs in a dialysis bag through ionized water, and freeze-drying, wherein the molecular weight cutoff of the dialysis bag is less than or equal to 3500, and the hydrothermal reaction condition is 180-200 ℃ (preferably 190 ℃), and 10-12 hours (preferably 11 hours);
activating the carboxyl terminal of the Py-GQDs prepared in the step (1) by using carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide at normal temperature, and covalently connecting the carboxyl terminal of the Py-GQDs with the amino terminal of glucose oxidase (Gox) to prepare a tumor catalysis nano reactor PyG-Gox (PG for short); the mass ratio of Py-GQDs to Gox in this step is 1:1-1:5 (preferably 1: 2).
(2) The carboxyl terminal of DSPE-PEG (Mw,3400) is activated by carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide under the condition of normal temperature, the DSPE-PEG is distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol, RGDS polypeptide and the DSPE-PEG are covalently connected through amide reaction to prepare the tumor targeting RGDS-PEG, and different mass ratios of the DSPE-PEG to the RGDS are respectively set in the invention: 1:2, 1: 5; 1:10, wherein the preferred mass ratio for optimal targeting is 1: 5.
(4) And (2) wrapping the RGDS-PEG prepared in the step (3) with PG prepared in the step (1) in a physical adsorption mode to obtain a tumor catalysis nano reaction system (also called RGDS-PEG @ PG for short) with a target tumor function, wherein the reaction temperature of physical adsorption is 30-37 ℃ and 10-12 h.
Examples of Effect test
First, RGDS-PEG and RGDS-PEG @ PG were characterized by Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). As shown in FIG. 1a, the DSPE-PEG was at 1745cm -1 Has obvious carboxyl peak, which disappears in the product RGDS-PEG and appears at 1639 and 1570cm -1 The C ═ O and N-H peaks for the apparent amide bond appeared and were at 1400cm -1 And (4) amide bond C-N peak. Thus, the covalent connection between RGDS and DSPE-PEG is formed through an amido bond. In addition, the RGDS-PEG is at 1097cm -1 The typical PEG C-O-C skeleton peak appears. As shown in FIG. 1b, the RGDS-PEG @ PG formed after the PG is wrapped by RGDS-PEG was 1740cm -1 The typical carboxyl peak of PG appears, and RGD is reserved in the productS-PEG at 1400cm -1 C-N peak at and 1097cm -1 C-O-C peak at (C-O-C). Therefore, the PG reaction system is successfully coated by RGDS-PEG.
Secondly, the killing power of the RGDS-PEG @ PG on tumor cell lines OCM-1 and MCF-7 is detected in vitro (shown in figure 2), OCM-1 or MCF-7 cells are co-cultured with RGDS-PEG @ PG with different concentrations for 24 hours under the slightly acidic (pH 6.0) or neutral (pH 7.4) condition, then the cells are stained by calcein/PI dye, the calcein can mark living cells to emit green fluorescence, and the PI is used for marking dead cells to emit red fluorescence. As shown in FIG. 2, OCM-1 or MCF-7 cells were almost completely killed when the cells were co-cultured with RGDS-PEG @ PG at 0.45. mu.g/mL at pH 6.0, whereas the cell death rate was very low at pH 7.4.
And thirdly, in vitro detecting the lethality of the RGDS-PEG @ PG to normal tissue cell lines ARPE-19 and L929 (shown in figure 3), and co-culturing ARPE-19 or L929 cells and RGDS-PEG @ PG with different concentrations for 6 or 24 hours under the neutral (pH 7.4) condition. As shown in fig. 3, RGDS-PEG @ PG has better cell compatibility with normal tissues compared to PEG @ PG without a targeting marker. When the cells were co-cultured with 0.45. mu.g/mL RGDS-PEG @ PG for 24h, the cell viability was still higher than 80%. But the cell viability after the same concentration of PEG @ PG treatment was less than 10%. In addition, RGDS-PEG @ PG at 0.45. mu.g/mL was able to kill all both OCM-1 and MCF-7 tumor cells as shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, the RGDS-PEG @ PG has a targeted killing effect on tumor cells.
Fourthly, observing the targeting phagocytosis RGDS-PEG @ PG of the tumor cells by a laser confocal microscope (as shown in figure 4), and co-culturing the tumor cell line OCM-1 or the normal tissue cell line ARPE-19 and the RGDS-PEG @ PG or Py-GQDs for 3 h. Since Py-GQDs have a maximum excitation wavelength at 480nm, observation of OCM-1 cells using confocal microscopy could phagocytose both RGDS-PEG @ PG and Py-GQDs and localize in the cytoplasm. However, only Py-GQDs were observed in ARPE-19 cells. The RGDS-PEG @ PG has targeting effect on tumor cells.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. A tumor catalysis nanometer reaction system with a targeting tumor function is characterized in that: the tumor catalysis nano reaction system comprises a tumor catalysis nano reactor and a targeting tumor material which is physically adsorbed and wrapped outside the tumor catalysis nano reactor;
the structure of the tumor catalysis nano reactor is formed by covalently connecting a carboxyl end of a graphene quantum dot with peroxidase activity and an amino end of glucose oxidase;
the targeted tumor material is prepared by covalently connecting RGDS polypeptide and distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol through an amide reaction;
the preparation method of the tumor catalysis nano reaction system with the tumor targeting function specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a tumor catalysis nano-reactor, namely reacting pyrene serving as a raw material with nitric acid to prepare trinitropyrene serving as a precursor, further preparing the precursor into graphene quantum dots with peroxidase activity by utilizing a hydrothermal reaction, and activating carboxyl terminals of the graphene quantum dots with peroxidase activity by utilizing carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide at normal temperature to enable the carboxyl terminals to be covalently connected with amino terminals of glucose oxidase to prepare the tumor catalysis nano-reactor;
(2) activating carboxyl terminals of distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight of 3400 by using carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide at normal temperature, and covalently connecting the RGDS polypeptide with the distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol through an amide reaction to prepare a targeted tumor material;
(3) wrapping the targeted tumor material prepared in the step (2) in the tumor catalysis nano-reactor prepared in the step (1) in a physical adsorption mode to obtain a tumor catalysis nano-reaction system with a targeted tumor function;
the steps (1) and (2) are not in sequence;
the condition of the wrapping in the step (3) by a physical adsorption mode is 30-37 ℃ and 10-12 h;
the mass ratio of the distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine-polyethylene glycol to the RGDS polypeptide in the step (2) is 1: 5;
the reaction temperature for preparing trinitropyrene by reacting pyrene with nitric acid in the step (1) is 90 ℃;
the hydrothermal reaction in the step (1) is carried out at 190 ℃ for 11 hours;
the graphene quantum dots with peroxidase activity prepared in the step (1) are dialyzed by ionized water in a dialysis bag and freeze-dried, and the molecular weight cutoff of the dialysis bag is less than or equal to 3500;
the mass ratio of the graphene quantum dots with peroxidase activity to the glucose oxidase in the step (1) is 1: 2.
2. The application of the tumor catalytic nanoreaction system with the tumor targeting function in the preparation of the tumor targeting antitumor drug, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the tumor-targeted anti-tumor medicament comprises the tumor catalysis nano reaction system with the tumor-targeted function.
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