CN109088923A - Off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system and decision level fusion method - Google Patents
Off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system and decision level fusion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109088923A CN109088923A CN201810829734.9A CN201810829734A CN109088923A CN 109088923 A CN109088923 A CN 109088923A CN 201810829734 A CN201810829734 A CN 201810829734A CN 109088923 A CN109088923 A CN 109088923A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
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- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
- H04L27/106—M-ary FSK
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system and decision level fusion method, system uses physical layer, network layer and sensing layer three-decker；Physical layer configurations have: access node, seashore sending station and off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station, and off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station receives the data that environment monitoring sensor uploads, and are then uploaded in network layer by access node；Network layer includes IP bearer network and information fusion system；Sensing layer includes frequency management system and each business unit, and frequency management system is for Dynamic Programming off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station working frequency and dispatches corresponding seashore sending station, and each business unit is for obtaining each islands and reefs environmental monitoring situation data.The present invention using wide-area cooperation receive characteristic, rely on the land widely distributed communication base station of steel tower company, construction operation cost is extremely low, multichannel decision level fusion algorithm can effective guarantee off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring data reliably report.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring field more particularly to a kind of decision level fusion methods of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system.
Background technique
China is influenced by a variety of disasters such as typhoon, wave, storm tide, sea ice, is the state of Oceanic disasters most serious in the world
One of family.Off-lying sea islands and reefs are the strategic fulcrums of national marine environmental monitoring, sea traffic guarantee as the national outpost of coastal defence,
Environmental monitoring has irreplaceable important work to the maintenance of early warning of marine disasters, sea traffic management, national sovereignty and maritime rights and interests
With.
However, off-lying sea islands and reefs position it is remote, far from native country, have inconvenient traffic, personnel garrison very difficult for a long time.Currently, far
Sea island reef environmental monitoring, boat guarantor's facility maintenance rely primarily on land and sea border defense the army and the people and periodically go on patrol completion.Lack highly reliable, inexpensive
Long-range automatic monitoring means seriously constrain the building of off-lying sea islands and reefs Environmental Monitoring Network.Based on this, the present invention studies a kind of new
Based on sky-wave beyond visual range access network off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring data link technology, provided for off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring
A kind of transmission means that low cost is highly reliable is provided for enhancing national off-lying sea deep-sea data retrieval capabilities and is benefited our pursuits.
The acquisition of ocean environment parameter is based primarily upon oceanographic research ship, sea island reef monitoring station and three kinds of oceanographic buoy
Platform.Currently, being difficult to meet the real-time of marine environmental monitoring and early warning based on the go to sea oceanographic survey technology of sampling of research vessel
Property require, the marine environmental monitoring system based on sea island reef monitoring station and buoy platform be more advantageous to realization automation, chronicity
Observation becomes the emphasis of current ocean monitoring technologytechnologies research and development.For oceanographic buoy, the sea based on sea island reef
Foreign environmental monitoring technology, it is with the obvious advantage in terms of energy supply, sensor design, communication system.Emphasis of the present invention is visited
Beg for the pelagic environment monitoring technology based on sea island reef.
Currently, marine hydrometeorology environmental parameter sensor Technical comparing is mature, the main acquisition of sea island reef environmental monitoring
Parameter includes temperature, air pressure, wind speed and direction, seawater thermohaline etc..In recent years, quick with maritime transportation and fish production
Increase, the boats such as China's off-lying sea islands and reefs beacon protect facility and come into operation in succession.Facility operation management energy is protected for enhancing off-lying sea islands and reefs boat
Power, provides reliable navigation support service, boat protect frastructure state monitoring have become one of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring it is important in
Hold.Off-lying sea islands and reefs boat, which protects frastructure state monitoring parameters, mainly beacon state parameter, ship automatic identification system (Automatic
Identification System, AIS) data etc..
It can be seen that local obtain of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring parameter is easily achieved, and the remote transmission of data
It becomes the key to solve the problem.Currently, off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring data transmission is mainly the following means:
1) submarine communication cable.Which has many advantages, such as that transmission capacity is big, and vulnerability to jamming is good, but is limited by marine objective condition
System, optical cable laying difficulty is big, and part off-lying sea islands and reefs do not have submarine optical fiber cable communication condition.
2) public mobile network network, which have many advantages, such as that transmission capacity is big, strong real-time, communicate speed under 4G system
Rate is up to 100Mbps.However mobile communication service, need the region covered in mobile operator communication base station signal that can just obtain
?.Currently, the off-lying sea islands and reefs communications infrastructure lacks, not already available mobile communication service.
3) microwave transmission.Microwave transmission capacity is big, adaptable, but can only transmit in sighting distance, and transmission range usually exists
Within 50Km, when being transmitted at a distance, need to set up relay node.For the monitoring of off-lying sea islands and reefs, excessive relaying section
Point not only system complex, at high cost, but also isolate off-lying sea islands and reefs outstanding there is no suitable relay nodes and is available.
4) big-dipper satellite short message transmits, and over the horizon transmission may be implemented in this mode, and China is completely covered in transmission range
The East Sea, South Sea direction islands and reefs, but information content is limited, sends once per minute, can only carry 100 or so byte number every time.And
And big-dipper satellite cannot still cover high latitude area, meet an urgent need in arctic navigation channel and the polar areas environmental monitoring difficult.
5) shortwave sky-wave beyond visual range communicates.Sky-wave beyond visual range communication work is in shortwave frequency range, using space ionosphere to height
The mechanism of frequency electromagnetic waves reflection realizes the beyond-the-horizon communication for being up to thousands of miles, can realize Global coverage through multiple reflections.With north
Bucket satellite communication is compared, and sky-wave beyond visual range communications capacity is bigger, and operation cost is low (not having data service expense after building up),
There is no high latitude communication blind district problems.But the dispersion of sky wave channels could time-varying, spectrum overlapping are crowded.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of decision level fusion method of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system.
Summary of the invention
A kind of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system proposed by the present invention, system use physical layer, network layer and sensing layer three
Layer structure；
The physical layer configurations have: access node, seashore sending station and off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station, off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station
The data that environment monitoring sensor uploads are received, are then uploaded in network layer by access node or seashore sending station；
The network layer includes: IP bearer network and information fusion system, and the IP bearer network is for obtaining physical layer upload
Upstream data, formed after information fusion system processing complete reliable each islands and reefs environmental monitoring situation data and on
Reach sensing layer；
The sensing layer includes: frequency management system and each business unit, and the frequency management system is for dynamic
Planning off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station working frequency simultaneously dispatches corresponding seashore sending station, and each business unit is for obtaining each islands and reefs
Environmental monitoring situation data.
Further, the physical layer uses difference multifrequency keying waveform modulated, and by mutually leading symbol tone signal
Difference on the frequency carries information.
Further, the difference multifrequency keying waveform modulated indicates are as follows:
sDMFSK(t)=∑ng(t-nTb)cos(ωc+anΔω)t；
It is 1, width T that wherein g (t), which is height,bGate function, ωcIt is minimum main carrier frequency, Δ ω is frequency interval, there is M
Kind value, can indicate are as follows:
an=(an-1+xn)mod M
Wherein xnFor the bit information of transmission, there is M kind value, can indicate are as follows: xn=1,2 ..., M.
Further, before difference multifrequency keying waveform modulated, Walsh orthogonal coding is carried out to raw information；In difference
After the demodulation of multifrequency keying waveform, Walsh quadrature decoder is carried out.
Further, the network layer uses wide area multipoint cooperative reception technique, and Mobile Communication Towers is relied on to construct wide area
Multiple short-wave reception stations are combined into a virtual access node by the short-wave reception station of interconnection, in virtual access node,
It assigns multiple physics stations to receive motor-driven user uplink signal parallel, and information will be received and be transmitted to information fusion system progress
Multi-channel information synchronization.
Further, the multi-channel information synchronization includes to detect grade fusion and decision level fusion, when detection grade merges, respectively
Receiving station is decoded without judgement, and received base-band information is directly transmitted to fusion center, is merged by central site
Judgement；When decision level fusion, each website first carries out reception decoding, then data information transfer to fusion center is carried out fusion and is sentenced
Certainly.
The invention further relates to a kind of decision level fusion methods of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system, include the following steps:
S1: access point baseband signal is obtained；
S2: being directed to access point baseband signal, is pre-processed, bit soft value extracts；
S3: threshold value judgement is carried out；
S4: multi-channel information synchronization is carried out, and is made decisions.
Preferably, start with from Walsh quadrature decoder, soft value extraction is carried out to the decoding result of DMFSK, wherein DMFSK is pressed
The matrix that the data of frame output are 64 × 5, after it experienced deinterleaving process, wherein 64 data of every a line are one corresponding
Each column of itself and Ha Deman matrix are carried out related operation, can obtain length is for 64 data of uniline by ASCII character
128 correlated results, maximum relevant peaks then mean most probable as a result, maximum three relevant peaks of selection, phase
The value for closing result is respectively ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, the binary value of corresponding position can be characterized as vector v1, v2, v3, wherein any one
A element value 0 or 1；Corresponding soft value indicates are as follows:
Wherein λi=[λI, 1 λI, 2...λI, 7], i=0,1；
Assuming that the soft value of specific single information bit is (λ0, λ1), the Soft Inform ation that this is 0 and 1 is respectively indicated, normalizing is passed through
Change, construct the basic trust partition function of the information bit:
Wherein k=1,2 ..., s indicate current BBA from k-th of access point or channel, and a total of s access point is same
When receive the information and participate in merging；
DSmT unascertained information flexibility fusion method and No. six reassignment criterion that conflicts in proportion are introduced,
It is obtained according to basic trust partition function and reassigns coefficient, indicated are as follows:
Wherein A=0,1, B=0,1 and A ≠ B；
As the base station number k > 2 of participation, minimum can distribute the quantity of letter matter from 22=4 increase to 2k, process can retouch
It states as follows:
Wherein m12...s(X)=m1(X)m2(X)...ms(X) and
As final mPCR6(0) > mPCR6(1), then it is assumed that court verdict 0, it is on the contrary, then it is assumed that output court verdict is 1.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: through the invention, it is only necessary to choose three access nodes, can ensure 3000km
The reliable access in off-lying sea islands and reefs low-power radio station in range.Sky-wave beyond visual range access network proposed by the present invention relies on China completely
The land widely distributed communication base station construction access node of steel tower company, existing coastal station are directly as transmitting node, construction
Operation cost is extremely low, provides theoretical and technical foundation to research and establishment low cost, highly reliable off-lying sea islands and reefs Environmental Monitoring Network,
Also there is certain reference value to the monitoring of national foreign-going ship, the monitoring of frontier defense traffic pass etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that DMFSK modulates schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that wide area multipoint cooperative receives decision level flexibility fusion frame diagram；
Fig. 4 is that DMFSK bit soft value extracts schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that multichannel flexible fusion conflict reassigns schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is DMFSK waveform single channel transmission performance analogous diagram；
Fig. 7 is that DMFSK waveform Gaussian channel merges transmission performance analogous diagram；
Fig. 8 is that DMFSK waveform CCIR-Good channel merges transmission performance analogous diagram；
Fig. 9 is that DMFSK waveform CCIR-Moderate channel merges transmission performance analogous diagram；
Figure 10 is that DMFSK waveform CCIR-Poor channel merges transmission performance analogous diagram.
Specific embodiment
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, this hair of Detailed description of the invention is now compareed
Bright specific embodiment.
In conjunction with attached drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system, system is using physical layer, network layer and three layers of sensing layer
Structure；
The physical layer configurations have: access node, seashore sending station and off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station, off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station
The data that environment monitoring sensor uploads are received, are then uploaded in network layer by access node or seashore sending station；
The network layer includes: IP bearer network and information fusion system, and the IP bearer network is for obtaining physical layer upload
Upstream data, formed after information fusion system processing complete reliable each islands and reefs environmental monitoring situation data and on
Reach sensing layer；
The sensing layer includes: frequency management system and each business unit, and the frequency management system is for dynamic
Planning off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station working frequency simultaneously dispatches corresponding seashore sending station, and each business unit is for obtaining each islands and reefs
Environmental monitoring situation data.
Further, the physical layer uses difference multifrequency keying waveform modulated, and by mutually leading symbol tone signal
Difference on the frequency carries information.
A kind of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system, which is characterized in that the system includes physical layer, network layer, sensing layer；
Physical layer, network layer circuit sequentially connection between sensing layer, realize the mutual transmission of signal；
The network layer is configured for the interconnection of sensing layer and physical layer, provides reliable, safe data transmission basis
Platform；Using wide area multipoint cooperative reception technique, the short-wave reception station of Mobile Communication Towers building wide area interconnection is relied on, it will be more
A short-wave reception station is combined into a virtual access node, in virtual access node, assigns multiple physics stations to motor-driven
User uplink signal parallel receives, and will receive information and be transmitted to the progress information fusion of fusion center website, utilizes space diversity
The space selective fading of off-lying sea sky wave link is compensated, uplink detectability is improved, promotes networking and service success rate, this
The access form of kind networking has the shortwave for utilizing the shortwave station resource for integrating current scatter configuration, unified management valuable frequently
Spectrum resource avoids dispersion using bring radio station mutual interference and the wasting of resources, gives full play to the overall efficiency of shortwave sky wave communications.
The sea island reef working frequency that the sensing layer is configured for detect planning passes through scheduling respective physical layers equipment
It is issued to each sea island reef, using broadband reception technology timing perception off-lying sea islands and reefs day wave detection signal, Dynamic Programming off-lying sea islands and reefs
Radio station working frequency, solve sky wave propagation window with day and night, season alternation dynamic change cause existing maritime affairs sky wave communications to be fixed
The low success rate of problem of channel communication link setup.
Further, sending station increases network controller on the basis of National Bureau of Oceanography's existing coastal station, realizes remote
Journey scheduling controlling, scheduling when convenient for different directions islands and reefs user communication use.In off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring, mainly uplink
The purpose of data transmission, downlink is to solve the wake-up of sea island reef radio station and parameter configuration etc..Coastal station typically operates in KW grades
High-power, by the coastal station of scheduling specific direction work, downlink can effectively cover China correlation sea area islands and reefs.
Off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station, using general maritime affairs radio station.Meteorological model is passed by wind-photovoltaic complementary power supply system
Sensor and short-wave radio set power supply.Meteorological model data acquisition power consumption is less, and main power consumption is from short-wave radio set.It is each to guarantee
It is continued working under the conditions of kind weather, 100 watts of radio station maximum Transmission power, antenna is using the whip antenna for being easily installed erection.
The access node includes a short wave broadband receiver and short wave bandwidth receiving antenna.
As preferred design, receiver is configured in mobile base station room, and antenna configuration is on steel tower pedestal, mobile base
Good power supply, waterproof, moisture-proof guarantee can be provided for short-wave receiver by standing.Access node only completes signal reception, does not have
Signal transmission function will not interfere existing mobile communication system.On the other hand, sky wave communications frequency is far below mobile communication frequency
Rate.
As preferred design, the network layer packet contains IP bearer network interconnected and information fusion system；
The IP bearer network is connected with the physical layer；The information fusion system is connected with the sensing layer；
The islands and reefs environmental monitoring information that each access node of information fusion system fusion treatment uploads is formed complete reliable
Each islands and reefs environmental monitoring situation data；
The IP bearer network realizes the interconnection of emerging system and physical layer, and it is flat to provide reliable, safe data transmission basis
Platform.
As preferred design, the IP bearer network relies on widely distributed mobile communication base station and fiber optic communication facility, nothing
Any hardware cost need to be put into.
As preferred design, the sensing layer equipment is frequency management system, by the sea island reef working frequency of detection planning
Each sea island reef is issued to by dispatching corresponding coastal station.
As preferred design, the physical layer uses difference multifrequency keying waveform modulated, and multi system frequency shift key control is (referred to as more
Frequency keying, Multiple Frequency Shift Keying, MFSK) it is the most commonly used tune of middle low speed shortwave sky wave communications
One of mode processed, the mode of frequency diversity can effectively deal with the choosing of frequency caused by remote sky wave channels could multipath effect in this band
The decline of selecting property.The permanent width characteristic of continuous phase MFSK modulation waveform simultaneously is conducive to short-wave transmitter full power operation, power amplifier effect
Rate is high.Above-mentioned characteristic, the remote data transmission of the off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station user limited especially suitable for power and antenna.
For the middle slow data transmission demand of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring, the present invention is based on MFSK modulation design off-lying sea islands
Reef environmental monitoring sky-wave beyond visual range transmitted waveform.To be further processed frequency domain caused by off-lying sea sky wave channels could time selective fading
Scaling problem uses for reference the thought of differential jumping frequency, proposes difference multifrequency keying modulation (DMFSK), DMFSK signal in a kind of shortwave band
It can indicate are as follows: sDMFSK(t)=∑ng(t-nTb)cos(ωc+anΔω)t；
It is 1, width T that wherein g (t), which is height,bGate function, ωcIt is minimum main carrier frequency, Δ ω is frequency interval, there is M
Kind value, can indicate are as follows:
an=(an-1+xn)mod M
Wherein xnFor the bit information of transmission, there is M kind value, can indicate are as follows: xn=1,2 ..., M.
The core concept of difference MFSK modulation is that propagation characteristic is basic between two nearest symbols based on sky wave channels could
Unanimously, frequency domain expansion influences adjacent-symbol difference on the frequency minimum, to carry information using this difference on the frequency, solves off-lying sea sky wave
More Pood's property of channel.The orthogonal property for utilizing Walsh code simultaneously carries out mapping code to raw information, is further promoted remote
The reliability of sea island reef user uplink link, specific implementation are as shown in Figure 2.
As preferred design, using the orthogonal property of Walsh code, before multifrequency keying waveform modulated, to raw information into
Row Walsh orthogonal coding；After the demodulation of multifrequency keying waveform, Walsh quadrature decoder is carried out.
As preferred design, using the orthogonal property of Walsh code, before multifrequency keying waveform modulated, to raw information into
Row Walsh orthogonal coding；After the demodulation of multifrequency keying waveform, Walsh quadrature decoder is carried out.
As preferred design, the fusion of multichannel up-link information includes the fusion of detection grade and decision level fusion, detects grade
When fusion, each receiving station is decoded without judgement, received base-band information is directly transmitted to fusion center, by central site
Carry out amalgamation judging；When decision level fusion, each website first carries out reception decoding, then data information transfer to fusion center is carried out
Amalgamation judging.
Meanwhile the invention further relates to a kind of decision level fusion method of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system, multichannel uplinks
Link information fusion is to realize the received key of wide-area cooperation, usually detects grade fusion there are two types of implementation method and melts with decision level
It closes.When detecting grade fusion, each receiving station is decoded without judgement, and received base-band information is directly transmitted to fusion center,
Amalgamation judging is carried out by central site.This amalgamation mode requires height to the transmittability of network, while receiver being required to have very
The ability of strong anti-multipath jamming.When decision level fusion, each website first carries out reception decoding, then by data information transfer to fusion
Center carries out amalgamation judging.This mode reduces the pressure of network transmission, but data center needs to have the high conflicting of fusion
The fusion treatment ability of information.The rf data network transmission pressure faced is merged in order to mitigate detection grade, reduces wideband data
Higher lease expenses is transmitted, the present invention is proposed that one kind is new and melted based on multichannel flexible data under D-S evidence theory frame
The decision level fusion algorithm of conjunction solves the problems, such as the high conflicting information fusion of interchannel.The core content of algorithm includes that bit soft value mentions
Take with two parts of multichannel decision level fusion, merge frame it is as shown in Figure 3.
The decision level fusion method, includes the following steps:
S1: access point baseband signal is obtained；
S2: being directed to access point baseband signal, is pre-processed, bit soft value extracts；
S3: threshold value judgement is carried out；
S4: the fusion of multistation information is carried out, and is made decisions.
As preferred design, the decision level fusion method method particularly includes:
Start with from Walsh quadrature decoder, soft value is carried out to the decoding result of DMFSK and extracts what wherein DMFSK was exported by frame
The matrix that data are 64 × 5, as shown in figure 4, after it experienced deinterleaving process, wherein 64 data of every a line are one corresponding
Each column of itself and Ha Deman matrix are carried out related operation, can obtain length is for 64 data of uniline by ASCII code
128 correlated results, maximum relevant peaks then mean most probable as a result, considering the influence of noise, and selection is maximum
Three relevant peaks, the value of correlated results is respectively ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, the binary value of corresponding position can be characterized as vector
v1, v2, v3, wherein any one element can be with value 0 or 1；Corresponding soft value can indicate are as follows:
Wherein λi=[λI, 1 λI, 2...λI, 7], i=0,1；
In traditional viterbi coding method, by comparison institute stateful (branch) Cumulative Distance, thus adjudicate obtain
Obtain unique optimal result.It being received in judging process in multichannel uplink signal, every road signal spy is very bigger than the difference of the result of decoding,
As a result conflicting between, it is difficult to directly obtain reasonable final judging result.Present invention introduces the decisions based on DSmT theory
Grade information fusion method carries out fusion decision by the way of conflicting information reassignment.Utilize previously obtained Soft Inform ation, it is assumed that
The soft value of specific single information bit is (λ _ 0, λ _ 1), and respectively indicating the Soft Inform ation that this is 0 and 1 can be with structure by normalization
Build the basic trust partition function (Basic Belief Assignment, BBA) of the information bit:
Assuming that the soft value of specific single information bit is (λ0, λ1), the Soft Inform ation that this is 0 and 1 is respectively indicated, normalizing is passed through
Change, the basic trust partition function of the information bit can be constructed:
Wherein k=1,2 ..., s indicate current BBA from k-th of access point or channel, and a total of s access point is same
When receive the information and participate in merging；On this basis, it is uncertain to introduce DSmT (Dezert-Smarandache Theory)
Property information flexibility fusion method and No. six in proportion conflict reassign criterion (Proportional Conflict
Redistribution No.6, PCR6) information of the different stations is merged.By taking k=2 as an example, Multichannel fusion and conflict
Reassignment process can be briefly described as shown in Fig. 5.Wherein m_1 (0) m_2 (1) and m_1 (1) m_2 (0) is conflict letter matter, according to
PCR6 rule, is reassigned.Wherein, reassigning coefficient can indicate are as follows:
Wherein A=0,1, B=0,1 and A ≠ B；
As the base station number k > 2 of participation, minimum can distribute the quantity of letter matter from 22=4 increase to 2k, process can retouch
It states as follows:
Wherein m12...s(X)=m1(X)m2(X)...ms(X) and
As final mPCR6(0) > mPCR6(1), then it is assumed that court verdict 0, it is on the contrary, then it is assumed that output court verdict is 1.
In order to verify effect of the invention, test effect is as shown in Fig. 6-Fig. 9.
For off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring data transmission requirement, DMFSK Waveform Design parameter is 62.5 wave of character rate
Spy, information rate of eating dishes without rice or wine 312.5bps, channel width 2000Hz.In view of the existing maritime affairs stations bandwidth in market is usually in 2.4kHz
Left and right, above-mentioned waveform meet its transmission requirement.
With every 5 bytes for a frame, 100 frames are continuously transmitted every time, recommend three kinds of emulation testing Gaussian channel and CCIR
Frame error ratio under typical remote sky wave channels could environment.- 9dB is shown below to DMFSK error code under -20dB signal-to-noise ratio environment
Performance chart, as shown in Figure 6.
As it can be seen that DMFSK waveform proposed by the present invention can realize nothing under -13dB signal-to-noise ratio under Gaussian noise environment
Error code transmission.It is best due to not accounting for multipath and extension decline, Gaussian channel transmission performance.CCIR-Poor and CCIR-
Moderate transmission performance is closer to, and frame error ratio is about 5% under -10dB signal-to-noise ratio.
It is worth noting that, performance is worse than CCIR- instead in the case where high s/n ratio under CCIR-Good channel circumstance
Moderate and CCIR-Poor.This is because channel frequency extension is smaller, wave-shape amplitude declines more slow, fading period
It is longer compared with periodic frame, the serious decline of amplitude during causing partial frame to transmit, to influence error performance.
Above-mentioned emulation shows that DMFSK waveform that the present invention designs under conventional CCIR-Poor channel, meets 3000km
Transmission reliability apart from upper 100 watts of radio station 95% of off-lying sea islands and reefs.But there is no consider the short of access node local for this result
Wave frequency section electromagnetic interference also needs to carry out Multichannel fusion reception for the reliability for further enhancing access.
For convenient for comparative analysis, off-lying sea islands and reefs uplink signal waveform, frame format, test number of frames are equal during emulation testing
It remains unchanged.Different access nodes pass continuous 100 frame using under the configuration of identical channel parameter and same state of signal-to-noise
Transmission of data carries out frame error rate statistical analysis.Multichannel under three kinds of typical sky wave channels coulds that Fig. 7-Figure 10 Gaussian channel and CCIR recommend
Merge received characteristic curve of error code.
Generally, under the different characteristic of channel, different signal-to-noise ratio, Multichannel fusion receptivity has compared with single channel
It is promoted.Wherein under CCIR-Good channel, the promotion of Multichannel fusion receptivity is the most obvious, and 3 access nodes fusions are received
Performance boost reaches as high as 3dB.Fusion receptivity promotion under CCIR-Moderate and CCIR-Poor channel more connects
Closely.
Seen from the simulation results, the fusion performance of 2 access nodes merge performance relatively with 3 access nodes, such as
Fruit further increases the number of nodes of fusion, and performance has further promotion, but the efficiency promoted can be remarkably decreased.3 connect
The fusion receptivity of ingress can reach 100% biography under conventional CCIR-Poor channel under -10dB signal-to-noise ratio
Defeated accuracy.Therefore, the transmitted waveform and fusion method that the present invention designs, it is only necessary to which choosing three access nodes can meet far
The reliable access of 100 watts of radio station 3000km transmission links of sea island reef.
It should be noted that above-mentioned simulation result be it is assumed that all access nodes have identical state of signal-to-noise under obtain
's.If each access node local signal-to-noise ratio has differences, merging performance boost will be more significant.Therefore, access node it
Between distance as far as possible, to increase the otherness of signal-to-noise ratio between access node.In addition, in order to retain more than certain signal-to-noise ratio
Amount, it may be considered that construct access node in the terrestrial location close to islands and reefs, be further reduced the transmission of off-lying sea islands and reefs uplink signal
Loss.In fact, farthest Nansha Islands only have 1500km apart from Sanya, Hainan, the 3000km transmission designed much smaller than the present invention
Link.
It should be noted that for simple description, therefore, it is stated as a systems for each embodiment of the method above-mentioned
The combination of actions of column, but those skilled in the art should understand that, the application is not limited by the described action sequence, because
For according to the application, certain some step be can be performed in other orders or simultaneously.Secondly, those skilled in the art also should
Know, the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, related movement and unit not necessarily this Shen
It please be necessary.
In the above-described embodiments, it all emphasizes particularly on different fields to the description of each embodiment, is not described in some embodiment
Part, reference can be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing all or part of the process in above-described embodiment method, being can be with
Relevant hardware is instructed to complete by computer program, the program can be stored in computer-readable storage medium
In, the program is when being executed, it may include such as the process of the embodiment of above-mentioned each method.Wherein, the storage medium can be magnetic
Dish, CD, ROM, RAM etc..
The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention, is still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system, which is characterized in that system uses physical layer, network layer and sensing layer three-layered node
Structure；
The physical layer configurations have: access node, seashore sending station and off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station, and off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station receives
The data that environment monitoring sensor uploads, are then uploaded in network layer by access node or seashore sending station；
The network layer includes: IP bearer network and information fusion system, and the IP bearer network is used to obtain physical layer upload
Row data form complete reliable each islands and reefs environmental monitoring situation data and are uploaded to after information fusion system processing
Sensing layer；
The sensing layer includes: frequency management system and each business unit, and the frequency management system is used for Dynamic Programming
Off-lying sea islands and reefs radio station working frequency simultaneously dispatches corresponding seashore sending station, and each business unit is for obtaining each islands and reefs environment
Monitor situation data.
2. off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the physical layer is more using difference
The modulation of frequency keying waveform, and by mutually leading the difference on the frequency of symbol tone signal to carry information.
3. off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the difference multifrequency keying waveform
Modulation indicates are as follows: sDMFSK(t)=∑ng(t-nTb)cos(ωc+anΔω)t；
It is 1, width T that wherein g (t), which is height,bGate function, ωcIt is minimum main carrier frequency, Δ ω is frequency interval, has M kind to take
Value, can indicate are as follows:
an=(an-1+xn)mod M
Wherein xnFor the bit information of transmission, there is M kind value, can indicate are as follows: xn=1,2 ..., M.
4. off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in difference multifrequency keying waveform tune
Before system, Walsh orthogonal coding is carried out to raw information；After the demodulation of difference multifrequency keying waveform, Walsh quadrature decoder is carried out.
5. off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system according to claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the network layer uses
Wide area multipoint cooperative reception technique relies on the short-wave reception station of Mobile Communication Towers building wide area interconnection, multiple shortwaves is connect
It receives the station and is combined into a virtual access node, in virtual access node, assign multiple physics stations to motor-driven user uplink
Signal parallel receives, and will receive information and be transmitted to information fusion system progress multi-channel information synchronization.
6. off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the multi-channel information synchronization packet
The fusion of the grade containing detection and decision level fusion, when detection grade merges, each receiving station is decoded without judgement, directly by received base
Information is transmitted to fusion center, carries out amalgamation judging by central site；When decision level fusion, each website is first carried out receiving and be translated
Code, then data information transfer to fusion center is subjected to amalgamation judging.
7. a kind of decision level fusion method of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
S1: access point baseband signal is obtained；
S2: being directed to access point baseband signal, is pre-processed, bit soft value extracts；
S3: threshold value judgement is carried out；
S4: multi-channel information synchronization is carried out, and is made decisions.
8. the decision level fusion method of off-lying sea islands and reefs environmental monitoring system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
Start with from Walsh quadrature decoder, soft value extraction is carried out to the decoding result of DMFSK, wherein DMFSK presses the data of frame output
For 64 × 5 matrix, after it experienced deinterleaving process, wherein the corresponding ASCII characters of 64 data of every a line, for list
Each column of itself and Ha Deman matrix are carried out related operation, can obtain the correlated results that length is 128 by 64 data of row,
Maximum relevant peaks then mean most probable as a result, maximum three relevant peaks of selection, the value point of correlated results
It Wei not ξ1, ξ2, ξ3, the binary value of corresponding position can be characterized as vector v1, v2, v3, wherein any one element value 0 or 1；
Corresponding soft value indicates are as follows:
Wherein λi=[λI, 1 λI, 2 ... λI, 7], i=0,1；
Assuming that the soft value of specific single information bit is (λ0, λ1), the Soft Inform ation that this is 0 and 1 is respectively indicated, normalization, structure are passed through
Build the basic trust partition function of the information bit:
Wherein k=1,2 ..., s indicate current BBA from k-th of access point or channel, and a total of s access point connects simultaneously
It receives the information and participates in merging；
DSmT unascertained information flexibility fusion method and No. six reassignment criterion that conflicts in proportion are introduced,
It is obtained according to basic trust partition function and reassigns coefficient, indicated are as follows:
Wherein A=0,1, B=0,1 and A ≠ B；
As the base station number k > 2 of participation, minimum can distribute the quantity of letter matter from 22=4 increase to 2k, process can describe such as
Under:
Wherein m12...s(X)=m1(X)m2(X)...ms(X) and
As final mPCR6(0) > mPCR6(1), then it is assumed that court verdict 0, it is on the contrary, then it is assumed that output court verdict is 1.
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