CN109086525A - Method is determined based on the optimal trajectory structural shape of overhead box-beam structure noise prediction - Google Patents
Method is determined based on the optimal trajectory structural shape of overhead box-beam structure noise prediction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Method is determined the invention discloses the optimal trajectory structural shape based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction, comprising the following steps: S1, establishes vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model；S2, the power that box-beam structure is input under three kinds of different track structure patterns is determined；S3, overhead box beam noise prediction model is established；S4, respectively by the power under three kinds of different track patterns, be input in overhead box beam noise prediction model, analyze the box beam site noise radiation rule under three kinds of different track patterns and determine its corresponding noise acoustic pressure；S5, the track structure pattern best to noise reduction effect is determined.The present invention can preferably predict the structural noise of concrete box girder by establishing box beam statistic energy analysis model, analyze influence of the different track structure patterns to overhead concrete box girder structural noise, obtained be box-beam structure noise the best track structure pattern of noise reduction effect, built for actual elevated bridge and provide theoretical foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to box-beam structure noise prediction technical fields, and in particular to one kind is pre- based on overhead box-beam structure noise
The optimal trajectory structural shape of survey determines method.
Background technique
City rail is developed rapidly as a kind of quick, convenient and fast transportation system in this year, according to statistics, is cut
Only on December 31st, 2017, inland of China share a city more than 31 and open Operating cities' rail traffic, are open to traffic 139, route, tire out
The total operation road of meter is up to 4452.9km, and elevated bridge occupies many ratios wherein, is limited to urban land anxiety, and many tracks are handed over
Logical bridge section is all directly to pass through civil construction area and build, and such as thousand male servant's door river-spanning bridge of No. 6 lines of Chongqing Light Rail, bridge is arrived
Recently less than 10m, the structural noise that bridge vibration generates seriously affects subjective reflection life and is complained repeatly residential building spacing, because
This is increasingly taken seriously under High-speed Train Loads by the noise problem that bridge structure is vibrated and generated.
Direct force transmission mechanism of the rail system as train load not only influences the power performance of car body, while to bridge
The vibration characteristics of structure can also produce bigger effect, so that the bridge structure noise profile rule under different track structure forms
It is not quite similar, therefore the overhead box-beam structure noise under track structure pattern is compared and analyzed with important research significance.
There is multiple track structure pattern to be used widely in urban track traffic, such as: at Beijing Metro 4,5,9,10,13
2,4, No. 9 line, Metro Line 1 in Nanjing, Shanghai Underground lines have been all made of steel spring floating slab track structure；In Japanese often huge rock new line
With in Haneda Airport threaded list road, on the line overpass of Hokkaido study column city, ijing Subway Line Five viaduct section all use ladder
Shape sleeper track structure；Flush type track structure is used on Guangzhou Metro Line 4.
The correlative study of a large amount of prior art, provides the impact analysis of box beam vibration characteristics for track structure pattern
Theoretical direction provides theoretical foundation for the forecast analysis of box girder bridge structural noise, and at present for different track structure patterns
Influence research to bridge structure noise is also more deficient.How in the case where considering more wheel Thermodynamic parameters, difference is obtained
It is pre- to establish box girder bridge statistics energy noise for dynamic wheel rail force, transmissibility and track plates support spring power under track structure pattern
Model is surveyed, realizes that carrying out prediction to overhead box-beam structure noise is the problem of being worth further research.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, the optimal rail provided by the invention based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction
Road structural shape determines that method solves and does not account for different track structure patterns in the prior art to box-beam structure noise difference
The problem of influence.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: be based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction
Optimal trajectory structural shape determine method, comprising the following steps:
S1, vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model is established；
S2, determined respectively based on vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model it is defeated under three kinds of different track structure patterns
Enter the power of box-beam structure；
S3, overhead box beam noise prediction model is established by SEA method；
S4, the power that will input box-beam structure under three kinds of different track patterns respectively, are input to overhead box beam noise prediction mould
In type, the box beam site noise radiation rule under three kinds of different track patterns is analyzed, and then determine its corresponding total acoustic pressure of noise；
S5, according to the total acoustic pressure of box-beam structure noise under three kinds of track structure patterns, determine and box-beam structure noise noise reduction imitated
The best track structure pattern of fruit.
Further,
In vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model of the step S1, setting rail be by the discrete support of fastener from
By endless Timoshenko beam, it is that discrete support has limit for length jointly by fastener and track plates support spring that track plates, which are arranged,
Euler beam.
Further,
Three kinds of different track structure patterns in the step S2 include that buried sleeper, ladder-type sleepers and leaf spring are floating
Set plate；
In the step S2, the power for being input to bridge structure is determined by wheel-rail force and transmissibility；
The wheel-rail force FcAre as follows:
Wherein, αwFor the dynamic flexibility of wheel；
αcFor the dynamic flexibility of Wheel Rail Contact spring；
αrFor the dynamic flexibility of track；
R is that rail height combines irregularity；
The dynamic flexibility α of the wheelwAre as follows:
Wherein, KMThe modal stiffness of dynamic flexibility valley point is calculated for wheel finite element model；
ηMFor the corresponding fissipation factor of wheel dynamic flexibility valley point；
MwFor single-wheel quality；
MbFor bogie quality；
K1For single stage suspension rigidity；
C1For single stage suspension damped coefficient；
ω is angular frequency；
I is imaginary unit；
The transmissibility FtrAre as follows:
Wherein, fnThe power being supported on bridge for n-th；
M is the number of supporting point；
The f of the buried sleepernFor each fastener power summation；
The f of the ladder-type sleepers and spring floating platenIt is the summation of each track support spring power.
Further,
Overhead box beam in the step S3 includes top plate subsystem, wing plate subsystem, web subsystem and bottom plate subsystem
System；
Control parameter in the energy statistics analytic approach includes modal density, internal loss factor and coupling loss factor；
The modal density n (f) are as follows:
Wherein, ApFor the area of two-dimensional flat plate；
R is the radius of gyration of plate section；
ClFor longitudinal velocity of wave；
n(w)For the modal density that y circular frequency indicates, and n(w)For；
Wherein, KBTo be bent wave number, and KB=ω/CB, CBTo be bent velocity of wave,
T is the thickness of two-dimensional flat plate；
n(KB)For the modal density that complete wave number indicates, and n(KB)For；
The internal loss factor ηiAre as follows:
ηi=ηis+ηir+ηib
In formula, ηisFor the Structural parameter for the formation that rubs in subsystem material；
ηirThe fissipation factor formed for subsystem vibration acoustic radiation；
ηibThe fissipation factor to be formed is damped for contour connection；
The coupling loss factor η12Are as follows:
Wherein, l is the length first connected；
CgFor group velocity；
A1For the surface area of minor structure 1；
W is the centre frequency of frequency band；
For the wave propagation coefficient between structure 1 to structure 2, determined by wave impedance or admittance.
Further, the step S4 specifically:
S41, be based on energy statistics analytic approach, establish overhead box back panel subsystem, wing plate subsystem, web subsystem and
Power balance equation between bottom plate subsystem；
S42, basis are input to the power of box-beam structure, determine the oscillation power for being input to box beam top plate and wing plate respectively, into
And determine the general power for being input to box-beam structure；
S43, basis are input to the general power of box-beam structure, determine box-beam structure noise radiation rule, and then determine that it is made an uproar
Several pressures.
Further, which is characterized in that
In the step S43, total acoustic pressure of box-beam structure observation point P are as follows:
Wherein, ρ0For atmospheric density；
C is the acoustic propagation velocity in air；
WiFor the noise radiation power of subsystem i；
AiArea is flowed through for the radiation acoustic energy of subsystem i；
GiFor coefficient relevant to ground return.
Further,
In the step S4, the analysis frequency range of analysis box-beam structure noise is the middle low-frequency range of 20~200Hz.
The invention has the benefit that the optimal trajectory structure provided by the invention based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction
Pattern determines method, can preferably predict that the structure of concrete box girder is made an uproar by establishing box beam statistics energy simulation analysis model
Sound analyzes influence of the different track structure patterns to overhead concrete box girder structural noise, has shown that box-beam structure noise reduction is imitated
Fruit is significant track structure pattern, builds for actual elevated bridge and provides theoretical foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the optimal trajectory structural shape based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction is true in embodiment provided by the invention
Determine method flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is auto model figure in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is embodiment middle orbit structural system illustraton of model provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is vehicle-rail system coupling illustraton of model in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is that embodiment central sill site noise acoustic pressure provided by the invention determines method flow diagram.
Fig. 6 is embodiment raising middle flask girder span middle section provided by the invention noise measuring point value arrangement map.
Fig. 7 is that box beam counts energy model figure in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 8 is that box beam noise linearity simulation value and measured value compare statistical chart in embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 9 is typical plate subsystem modal transformation curve graph in embodiment provided by the invention.
Different track structure dynamic wheel rail force statistic curve figures in Figure 10 embodiment provided by the invention.
Figure 11 is different track structure transmissibility statistic curve figures in embodiment provided by the invention.
Figure 12 is that different track structures are transmitted to the power statistic curve figure in box beam in embodiment provided by the invention.
Figure 13 is to input box beam changed power curve figure under different track structure patterns in embodiment provided by the invention.
Figure 14 is canonical analysis site difference track structure form noise vs figure in embodiment provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
As shown in Figure 1, determining method based on the optimal trajectory structural shape of overhead box-beam structure noise prediction, including following
Step:
S1, vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model is established；
During establishing vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model:
Vehicular system model is initially set up, since the analysis frequency range of box-beam structure noise in the present invention is 20~200Hz, and
The secondary suspension of vehicle is usually less than 10Hz in 1Hz or so, single stage suspension frequency, ignores secondary suspension and the shadow with upper member
It rings, vehicle sections only consider car body, bogie, single stage suspension and wheel pair, and in the case where only considering vertical effect, bogie is adopted
It is analyzed with 1/4 bogie model, obtains 1/8 lumped parameter system model, as shown in Figure 2；
Then establish track structure system model: the track structure pattern that the present invention analyzes is buried sleeper, trapezoidal rail
Three kinds of pillow, spring floating plate track structure patterns, in addition to buried sleeper and bridge are rigidly connected by bolt, in addition
Two kinds of track structures flexibly support on bridge structure, construct track structure system model as shown in Figure 3, from top to bottom
Respectively rail, fastener, track plates, track support spring, (a) are buried sleeper；It (b) is ladder-type sleepers；(c) floating for spring
Set plate；
Buried sleeper and bridge are connected directly by fastener, and track plates longitudinally disconnect, and globality is preferable, therefore, compares
In other vibration damping tracks, buried sleeper can be considered that the track structure pattern of no vibration reducing measure, fastener spacing are indicated with Dp.
Ladder-type sleepers rail system is made of ladder type sleeper, cushion blocking, concrete bed.Ladder type sleeper is by prestressed concrete
Native stringer track plates and connector of steel tube are constituted, and cushion blocking (support spring) at certain intervals is supported on armored concrete pedestal
On, form the ladder type rail system of resilient support.Analytical calculation is carried out with half range structure and ignores the influence of connector of steel tube.Ladder
Shape sleeper track plates are having a size of LT(length) × BT(width) × HT(height), bullet mould are EbT, density ρbT, support spring rigidity is KbT,
Internal loss factor is ηbT, support spring longitudinal pitch is DbT。
Steel spring floating slab is by a monolith track plates supporting rail, by longitudinal dispersion spring supporting on bridge, every piece
Track plates are disconnected in longitudinal direction every a distance.Floating track plates are having a size of LF(length) × BF(width) × HF(height), bullet mould are EbF,
Density is ρbF, support spring rigidity is KbF, internal loss factor ηbF, support spring longitudinal pitch is DbF。
Finally establish stock rail system coupling model: in practical situations, track is simultaneously with multiple wheels to mutual
It acts on, under common rail structural shape, the more apparent frequency range that influences each other between more wheels pair is 700~1200Hz, the present invention
In to the analysis frequency range of box-beam structure noise in 20~200Hz, but three kinds of track structure patterns are different greatly, and more wheels are to influencing frequency
Band may change, and the present invention is in the case where Thermodynamic parameters are taken turns in consideration 4 to dynamic wheel to rail power, fastener power and track plates branch
Support spring force etc. is analyzed, and rail can be considered the free endless Timoshenko beam by the discrete support of fastener, it is contemplated that its
Shear-deformable, track plates, which can be considered, has limit for length's Euler beam by fastener and the common DISCRETE SUPPORTED SHELL of track plates support spring.Therefore,
The vehicle under three kinds of track structure patterns-rail system coupling model is all finally reduced to Fig. 4 institute representation model, it is therein
1,2,3, No. 4 wheels are to the analysis wheels pair for the more wheels of consideration under the influence of.
S2, determined respectively based on vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model it is defeated under three kinds of different track structure patterns
Enter the power of box-beam structure；
Three kinds of different track structure patterns in above-mentioned steps S2 include that buried sleeper, ladder-type sleepers and leaf spring are floating
Set plate；
In above-mentioned steps S2, the power for being input to bridge structure is determined by wheel-rail force and transmissibility；
Vehicle-track-combination of the bridge coupling system incentive from wheel tread in Rail Surface is uneven
Along R, in rail traffic car speed V generally in tens metre per second (m/s)s, far smaller than spread speed of the vibration wave in rail, because
When calculating wheel-rail force using mobile irregularity model, i.e. wheel and track relative position is constant for this, and wheel track height combines
Irregularity R is moved between wheel and rail with speed V, to form relative displacement excitation, wheel-rail force FcAre as follows:
Wherein, αwFor the dynamic flexibility of wheel；
αcFor the dynamic flexibility of Wheel Rail Contact spring；
αrFor the dynamic flexibility of track；
R is that rail height combines irregularity；
The dynamic flexibility α of the wheelwAre as follows:
Wherein, KMThe modal stiffness of dynamic flexibility valley point is calculated for wheel finite element model；
ηMFor the corresponding fissipation factor of wheel dynamic flexibility valley point；
MwFor single-wheel quality；
MbFor bogie quality；
K1For single stage suspension rigidity；
C1For single stage suspension damped coefficient；
ω is angular frequency；
I is imaginary unit；
When jth crop rotation is driving wheel, the dynamic flexibility α of rail at positionrjAre as follows:
Wherein, α (x1,x2) it is rail dynamic flexibility function；
NsFor the number of model middle orbit plate；
NpFor the number of every piece of track plates upper fastener；
FpnFor the fastener power of n-th of fastener；
Xn is the x coordinate of n-th of fastener；
Coordinate, x are established to for driving wheel as shown in Figure 4 with No. 2 wheelswmIt indicates except driving wheel to be the x at remaining 3 follower
Coordinate；FwmTable follower wheel-rail contact force；
R1=R；R2=exp (- i ω L1/v)R
R3=exp (- i ω (L1+L2)/v)R；R4=exp (- i ω (2L1+L2)/v)R (4)
Wherein, R1、R2、R3、R4For the mobile irregularity for considering time lag effect
L1、L2The constant spacing between wheel pair, v is running velocity.
Fbs=Kb(1+iηb)ubs(xs) (5)
Wherein, KbFor fastener rigidity；
ηbFor fastener fissipation factor；
ubs(xs) be s-th of support spring of track plates at track plates displacement；
When transmissibility refers to that unit simple harmonic quantity power is acted on rail, it is transmitted to the root mean square of the power on bridge；
The transmissibility FtrAre as follows:
Wherein, fnThe power being supported on bridge for n-th；
M is the number of supporting point；
The f of the buried sleepernFor each fastener power summation；
The f of the ladder-type sleepers and spring floating platenIt is the summation of each track support spring power.
S3, overhead box beam noise prediction model is established by SEA method；
Overhead box beam in above-mentioned steps S3 includes top plate subsystem, wing plate subsystem, web subsystem and bottom plate subsystem
System, each parameter can be obtained by theoretical formula；
Thought of the SEA method based on power flow says that complication system is divided into several just from the statistical significance
In the independent particle system of analysis, dynamic structural analysis, energy statistics analytic approach effectively can be carried out for the intensive system of mode
Important control parameter include modal density, internal loss factor and coupling loss factor；
Above-mentioned modal density refers to the mode number in cell frequency bandwidth, it directly reflects system storage vibrational energy
Capacity of water situation；
Modal density n (f) are as follows:
Wherein, ApFor the area of two-dimensional flat plate；
R is the radius of gyration of plate section；
ClFor longitudinal velocity of wave, andE is elasticity modulus of materials, and ρ is density, and μ is Poisson's ratio；
n(w)For the modal density that y circular frequency indicates, and n(w)For；
Wherein, KBTo be bent wave number, and KB=ω/CB, CBTo be bent velocity of wave,
T is the thickness of two-dimensional flat plate；
n(KB)For the modal density that complete wave number indicates, and n(KB)For；
Internal loss refers to the damping action by system and the part energy loss that occurs, is indicated with η；Internal loss factor is
Refer to subsystem unit time loss of energy and averagely the ratio between storage energy within a vibration period；Subsystem in box-beam structure
The internal loss factor η of iiMainly it is made of three kinds of damping mechanism independent of each other.
Internal loss factor ηiAre as follows:
ηi=ηis+ηir+ηib (9)
In formula, ηisFor the Structural parameter for the formation that rubs in subsystem material；
ηirThe fissipation factor formed for subsystem vibration acoustic radiation；
ηibThe fissipation factor to be formed is damped for contour connection；
By being connected with each other coupling of having driven a vehicle between each plate subsystem of box beam, to make the panel subsystem of direct excited target
Energy be transmitted to the not panel subsystem by directly excitation；Can also there are the loss of energy, coupling loss factor in transmittance process
ηijIt is a kind of measurement of coupling size between determining subsystem；The coupling loss factor η connected between plate and plate by line12
Are as follows:
Wherein, l is the length first connected；
CgFor group velocity；
A1For the surface area of minor structure 1；
W is the centre frequency of frequency band；
For the wave propagation coefficient between structure 1 to structure 2, determined by wave impedance or admittance；
The calculation formula of two mutually perpendicular coupling plate normal incidence propagation coefficients are as follows:
τ12(0)=2 (φ1/2+φ-1/2)-2 (11)
In formula,ρ is density；clFor longitudinal velocity of wave.Random Incident propagation coefficient τ12It can be counted by following formula approximation
It calculates:
In formula, X=t1/t2；t1、t2Respectively indicate the thickness of panel subsystem 1,2.
S4, the power that will input box-beam structure under three kinds of different track patterns respectively, are input to overhead box beam noise prediction mould
In type, the site noise radiation rule under three kinds of different track patterns is analyzed, and then determine its corresponding total acoustic pressure of noise；
As shown in figure 5, above-mentioned steps S4 specifically:
S41, be based on energy statistics analytic approach, establish overhead box back panel subsystem, wing plate subsystem, web subsystem and
Power balance equation between bottom plate subsystem；
The power balance equation are as follows:
Wherein, preceding k subsystem is box beam wing plate and top plate subsystem；
N-k subsystems are external energy input afterwards, directly pass through case by the energy that vehicle-rail system is input to bridge
Beam wing plate, top plate input, and for invention, no other energy inputs of outside to other panel subsystems, i.e. Pk+1、Pk+2、…、
PnIt is all 0.
S42, basis are input to the force and work rate equilibrium equation of box-beam structure, and determination is input to box beam top plate and wing plate respectively
Oscillation power, and then determine and be input to the general power of box-beam structure；
The average energy E of each subsystem storage is obtained by solving equation (13)i, obtain the equal Fang Zhen of each plate subsystem
Dynamic speed
Based on mean squared vibration speedThe noise radiation sound total work that panel subsystem system i is input to box-beam structure can be obtained
Rate are as follows:
In formula, ρ0, c be respectively acoustic propagation velocity in atmospheric density and air；
σi、SiThe respectively radiation efficiency and surface area of plate i；
S43, basis are input to the general power of box-beam structure, determine box-beam structure noise radiation rule, and then determine that it is made an uproar
Several pressures.
Each subsystem irradiation structure noise of box beam can actually regard that the rectangle sound plate (a <b) of a × b, d are observation as
For point P to the distance at rectangular plate center, the acoustic pressure of observation point P, which calculates, can be divided into following three kinds of situations:
1. if d≤a/ π, i.e. observation point be near sound source, source emission is plane wave, sound pressure level with distance attenuation
It is 0.
2. then rectangle sound plate radiation energy in the form of cylindrical wave, the area that acoustic energy flows through can tables as a/ π < d <b/ π
It is shown as:
A=4bd (16)
3. rectangle sound plate can simplify as point sound source if d >=b/ π, sound wave is propagated in the form of spherical wave, radiation sound
The area that energy flows through may be expressed as:
A=4 π d2 (17)
By above-mentioned simplified method and the distance relation of box beam each subsystem and observation point P, each subsystem of box beam is considered as
A series of simplified sound sources.For linear system, acoustic radiation of multiple subsystems to acoustic space is calculated using principle of stacking；?
Total acoustic pressure to box-beam structure observation point P may be expressed as:
In formula, GiIndicate coefficient relevant to ground return.Since ground return acts on, it is straight for reaching the sound pressure level of site
Up to sound be superimposed with reflected sound as a result, to make site sound pressure level increase；
S5, according to the total acoustic pressure of box-beam structure noise under three kinds of track structure patterns, determine and box-beam structure noise noise reduction imitated
The best track structure pattern of fruit.
In one embodiment of the invention, the example that noise testing is carried out to box-beam structure is provided:
For the 30m single box single chamber simple prestressed concrete beam of certain urban track traffic subway line overpass beam section,
Carry out field test.Box girder bridge gets on the right track structural shape as buried sleeper, and two-wire driving, box beam material uses C50 concrete,
In view of top plate near field noise is not only by influence of noises such as wheel-rail noise, vehicle noises, while being also difficult to carry out measuring point to deploy to ensure effective monitoring and control of illegal activities, because
This is obtains more accurate structural noise test value, in the wing plate of box beam spaning middle section, web, bottom plate three classes typical case's plate
Heart location arrangements MPA type noise testing microphone, and then structural noise level is tested, it is intelligently adopted by 3060 type of INV
Collection is to carry out multi collect to each measuring point data.Fig. 6 gives box beam spaning middle section schematic diagram and corresponding point layout feelings
Condition.Noise point layout at from plate center 30cm, number as S1, S2, S3 by measuring point.
Based on the analysis of vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling theoretical model, one-way road driving operating condition difference rail is obtained
Track plates spring supporting power F is acted under road pattern (buried sleeper, ladder-type sleepers, steel spring floating slab)bs, in the present embodiment
Based on statistical power analysis method, box-beam structure noise prediction model is established using statistic energy analysis software VAONE, the model
By typical plate top plate, wing plate, web and bottom plate, totally six subsystems are formed, and model schematic is as shown in fig. 7, finally by spring
Support force is applied on bridge as excitation and carries out Simulation Analysis, obtains oscillation power and case under different track structure forms
The regularity of distribution of girder construction noise.
Table 1 gives the calculating parameter of model, including vehicle, rail and rail design specifications, this implementation middle rolling car speed
Take 70km/h；
Table 1: calculating parameter list
Since the acoustic radiation energy of concrete box girder structural noise is concentrated mainly on tens to several hundred hertz of middle low-frequency range,
Therefore the structural noise of 20~200Hz frequency range box beam is analyzed in this example, based on statistics energy model simulation calculation, is obtained
To box beam bottom plate, wing plate, the linear sound pressure level simulation value at web center and measured value comparative situation as shown in figure 8, (a) be bottom
Plate center (b) is wing plate center, (c) is web center.
The noise Simulation value of linear sound pressure level and actual measurement are all in all at bottom plate, wing plate, web as seen from Figure 8
It coincide preferably, especially in 50~200Hz frequency range；For bottom plate, substantially analysis 20~200Hz of full frequency band in simulation value with
Test value all coincide fairly good, but for wing plate and web, the fluctuation before 50Hz is quite larger, this mainly by
There are problems that low precision for the prediction of low frequency range noise in statistical Energy Analysis Approach；When mode book N > 1 of certain frequency range intra subsystem
When, it is medium-high frequency section that the frequency range is just defined in statistical Energy Analysis Approach, and can solve system in the power knowledge of the frequency range
Topic；Fig. 9 give noise Simulation analysis model bottom plate, wing plate, web three subsystems mode number with frequency changing rule
Curve, it can be seen that mode number of the bottom plate substantially in analysis 20~200Hz of frequency range all meets N > 1, therefore can be with from Fig. 8 (a)
See that emulation and actual measurement almost in analysis full frequency band all coincide very much；And for wing plate, when frequency is more than 40Hz,
Mode number N > 1, from Fig. 8 (b), it can be seen that, after frequency is more than 40Hz, emulation actual measurement coincide very much；For web, work as frequency
More than 50Hz, mode number N > 1, from Fig. 8 (c), it can be seen that, after frequency is more than 50Hz, emulation actual measurement coincide very much.
In general, emulation actual measurement maximum linear sound level difference is present in wing plate 31.5Hz Frequency point, but also all controls
Within 6dB, therefore the statistics energy simulation model established in the present embodiment can accurately make an uproar to the structure of box beam
Sound carries out forecast analysis, while as can see from Figure 8, under buried sleeper track structure pattern, box-beam structure noise exists
Bottom plate, wing plate, the acoustic energy at web are all concentrated mainly in 50~100Hz frequency range.
For the analysis of box-beam structure noise in the present embodiment, it is mainly based upon the big of the power for being eventually transferred to bridge structure
Small situation and carry out, under different track structure patterns, the power for being ultimately applied to box beam is all not quite similar, initial dynamic wheel track
Power finally passes to bridge structure through rail, fastener, track structure and support spring, it is clear that track structure pattern to dynamic wheel rail force with
And the transport of power has important influence, that is, the power for being eventually transferred to bridge structure is (interior by wheel rail force (external cause) and transport
Cause) it codetermines, and the power for being eventually transferred to bridge structure directly affects the oscillation power being input in bridge.
Calculating is programmed to wheel rail force using formula (1), obtain buried sleeper as shown in Figure 10, ladder-type sleepers and
Wheel rail force spectrum curve under three kinds of track structure patterns of spring floating plate.It can be seen from fig. 10 that in front 20~200z frequency
In section, both flush type and steel spring floating slab are not much different, and curvilinear motion rule is also almost the same, and more smooth, without bright
Aobvious fluctuation, and for ladder-type sleepers, it is much smaller compared to flush type and steel spring floating slab to move wheel rail force, and fluctuate compared with
Greatly, this mainly influence each other between by wheel pair and caused by, therefore consider that the influence of more wheels pair is necessary in the present embodiment；When
After frequency is more than 200Hz, the wheel rail force under three kinds of track structure patterns is not much different and influences each other between by wheel pair more aobvious
It writes.
It can be seen from fig. 11 that in analysis 20~200Hz of frequency range, steel spring floating slab and ladder-type sleepers track structure
Transmissibility respectively at its system frequency 10Hz, 43Hz due to resonance and be greater than 1, the single order of buried sleeper erects curved frequency
Rate is 204Hz, therefore analyzes its transmissibility in frequency range herein and be respectively less than 1；After being more than system frequency, transmissibility
All decayed, is decayed particularly with steel spring floating slab the rapidest, ladder-type sleepers take second place, and buried sleeper is in 200Hz
Interior transmissibility almost changes less, and is less than the transmissibility of ladder-type sleepers in general 20~70Hz, in 70~200Hz
Interior, the transmissibility of buried sleeper is greater than ladder-type sleepers and steel spring floating slab.
It is obtained according to the analysis result of Figure 10, Figure 11 to wheel rail force and transmissibility final straight under three kinds of track structure patterns
Connect act on power in box beam frequency varied curve it is as shown in figure 12, as seen from Figure 12, when comprehensive wheel rail force and transmissibility two
In the case where person, the power that steel spring floating slab is eventually transferred to bridge structure in analysis frequency range is minimum；Although ladder-type sleepers
Wheel rail force is smaller in full frequency band, but its transmissibility in 20~40Hz is greater than buried sleeper and steel spring floating slab, because
In 20~40Hz, the power that box beam is transmitted under ladder-type sleepers track structure pattern is maximum for this；In 40~200Hz, flush type
Wheel rail force close to peak value, and transmissibility is also increasingly greater than ladder-type sleepers and steel spring floating slab, it is caused to be eventually transferred to
Power in box beam is also much larger than the two.
As shown in figure 13 to input box beam changed power under different track structure patterns, (a) is buried sleeper input rule
Rule, (b) to input rule under ladder-type sleepers, (c) input power under steel spring floating slab is (d) under different track structure patterns
Input box beam general power；As seen from Figure 12, for receiving plate subsystem wing plate, top plate, no matter in which kind of track
Under structure structural shape, it is input to the watt level situation of box beam are as follows: general power > top plate > wing plate, and input general power, input
To top plate power and it is input to wing plate changed power trend and is consistent；It can see from Figure 13 (d), different track structure patterns
Under be input to the general power of bridge and the variation tendency of power that Figure 12 is input to bridge is more consistent, general power size cases
Are as follows: flush type > ladder-type sleepers > rigid spring floating plate, wherein in 20~40Hz, ladder-type sleepers > flush type；Buried sleeper is defeated
Enter the crest frequency of general power in 80Hz or so, there is peak value in 30Hz or so in ladder-type sleepers, steel spring floating slab 20~
There is steep drop in 50Hz or so, a more apparent valley point occurs at 50Hz.
Figure 14 (a)~(c) gives the noise sound simulation result of site S1~S3, and Figure 14 (d) is that different sites exist
Overall level compares histogram under different track structure patterns, can see from Figure 14 (a)~(c), under different track structure patterns
The variation tendency of site sound pressure level curve and the variation tendency of input power are consistent, buried sleeper sound pressure level crest frequency
Appoint so in 80Hz or so, in 20~40Hz frequency range, the sound pressure level of ladder-type sleepers is greater than buried sleeper, and steel spring floating slab exists
Occurs valley point at 50Hz；It can see from Figure 14 (d), linear sound pressure level buried sleeper > trapezoidal rail of generally each site
Pillow > steel spring floating slab；Compared to buried sleeper, ladder-type sleepers box-beam structure noise at site S1, S2, S3 can drop respectively
Low 6.7dB, 5.9dB, 4.8dB, steel spring floating slab box-beam structure noise at site S1, S2, S3 can reduce respectively 23.1dB,
22.8dB, 22dB, thus, steel spring floating slab is most significant to the noise reduction effect of bridge structure noise.
The invention has the benefit that the optimal trajectory structure provided by the invention based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction
Pattern determines method, can preferably predict that the structure of concrete box girder is made an uproar by establishing box beam statistics energy simulation analysis model
Sound analyzes influence of the different track structure patterns to overhead concrete box girder structural noise, has shown that box-beam structure noise reduction is imitated
Fruit is significant track structure pattern, builds for actual elevated bridge and provides theoretical foundation.
Claims (7)
1. determining method based on the optimal trajectory structural shape of overhead box-beam structure noise prediction, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
S1, vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model is established；
S2, input magazine under three kinds of different track structure patterns is determined respectively based on vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model
The power of girder construction；
S3, overhead box beam noise prediction model is established by SEA method；
S4, the power that will input box-beam structure under three kinds of different track patterns respectively, are input in overhead box beam noise prediction model,
The box beam site noise radiation rule under three kinds of different track patterns is analyzed, and then determines its corresponding total acoustic pressure of noise；
S5, according to the total acoustic pressure of box-beam structure noise under three kinds of track structure patterns, determine to box-beam structure noise noise reduction effect most
Good track structure pattern.
2. the optimal trajectory structural shape according to claim 1 based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction determines method,
It is characterized in that,
In vehicle-track-Modular Bridge System coupling model of the step S1, setting rail is the free nothing by the discrete support of fastener
Limit for length's Timoshenko beam, setting track plates are that discrete support has limit for length Euler jointly by fastener and track plates support spring
Beam.
3. the optimal trajectory structural shape according to claim 1 based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction determines method,
It is characterized in that,
Three kinds of different track structure patterns in the step S2 include that buried sleeper, ladder-type sleepers and leaf spring are floating
Plate；
In the step S2, the power for being input to bridge structure is determined by wheel-rail force and transmissibility；
The wheel-rail force FcAre as follows:
Wherein, αwFor the dynamic flexibility of wheel；
αcFor the dynamic flexibility of Wheel Rail Contact spring；
αrFor the dynamic flexibility of track；
R is that rail height combines irregularity；
The dynamic flexibility α of the wheelwAre as follows:
Wherein, KMThe modal stiffness of dynamic flexibility valley point is calculated for wheel finite element model；
ηMFor the corresponding fissipation factor of wheel dynamic flexibility valley point；
MwFor single-wheel quality；
MbFor bogie quality；
K1For single stage suspension rigidity；
C1For single stage suspension damped coefficient；
ω is angular frequency；
I is imaginary unit；
The transmissibility FtrAre as follows:
Wherein, fnThe power being supported on bridge for n-th；
M is the number of supporting point；
The f of the buried sleepernFor each fastener power summation；
The f of the ladder-type sleepers and spring floating platenIt is the summation of each track support spring power.
4. the optimal trajectory structural shape according to claim 1 based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction determines method,
It is characterized in that,
Overhead box beam in the step S3 includes top plate subsystem, wing plate subsystem, web subsystem and bottom plate subsystem；
Control parameter in the energy statistics analytic approach includes modal density, internal loss factor and coupling loss factor；
The modal density n (f) are as follows:
Wherein, ApFor the area of two-dimensional flat plate；
R is the radius of gyration of plate section；
ClFor longitudinal velocity of wave；
n(w)For the modal density that y circular frequency indicates, and n(w)For；
Wherein, KBTo be bent wave number, and KB=ω/CB, CBTo be bent velocity of wave,
T is the thickness of two-dimensional flat plate；
n(KB)For the modal density that complete wave number indicates, and n(KB)For；
The internal loss factor ηiAre as follows:
ηi=ηis+ηir+ηib
In formula, ηisFor the Structural parameter for the formation that rubs in subsystem material；
ηirThe fissipation factor formed for subsystem vibration acoustic radiation；
ηibThe fissipation factor to be formed is damped for contour connection；
The coupling loss factor η12Are as follows:
Wherein, l is the length first connected；
CgFor group velocity；
A1For the surface area of minor structure 1；
W is the centre frequency of frequency band；
For the wave propagation coefficient between structure 1 to structure 2, determined by wave impedance or admittance.
5. the optimal trajectory structural shape according to claim 4 based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction determines method,
It is characterized in that, the step S4 specifically:
S41, it is based on energy statistics analytic approach, establishes overhead box back panel subsystem, wing plate subsystem, web subsystem and bottom plate
Power balance equation between subsystem；
S42, basis are input to the power of box-beam structure, determine the oscillation power for being input to box beam top plate and wing plate respectively, and then really
Surely it is input to the general power of box-beam structure；
S43, basis are input to the general power of box-beam structure, determine box-beam structure noise radiation rule, and then determine its sound
Pressure.
6. the optimal trajectory structural shape according to claim 5 based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction determines method,
It is characterized in that,
In the step S43, total acoustic pressure of box-beam structure observation point P are as follows:
Wherein, ρ0For atmospheric density；
C is the acoustic propagation velocity in air；
WiFor the noise radiation power of subsystem i；
AiArea is flowed through for the radiation acoustic energy of subsystem i；
GiFor coefficient relevant to ground return.
7. the optimal trajectory structural shape according to claim 1 based on overhead box-beam structure noise prediction determines method,
It is characterized in that,
In the step S4, the analysis frequency range of analysis box-beam structure noise is the middle low-frequency range of 20~200Hz.
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