CN109086233B - Communication type automatic identification and switching device and method - Google Patents
Communication type automatic identification and switching device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109086233B CN109086233B CN201810718150.4A CN201810718150A CN109086233B CN 109086233 B CN109086233 B CN 109086233B CN 201810718150 A CN201810718150 A CN 201810718150A CN 109086233 B CN109086233 B CN 109086233B
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for automatically identifying and switching communication types, which process CAN or UART signals connected with a communication interface module and judge which type of communication type the communication interface module is connected with through a software algorithm, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically identifying and switching the communication types, realizing that one interface CAN be connected with both CAN communication and UART interfaces, and the communication between the CAN interface and the UART interfaces does not need an intermediate conversion circuit, saving the cost and improving the product competitiveness.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an apparatus and a method for automatically identifying and switching communication types.
Background
CAN and UART are standard communication protocols, and corresponding CAN interfaces and UART interfaces thereof are widely applied to various electronic products. When each manufacturer designs a product, some products are configured with a CAN communication interface, some products are configured with a UART communication interface, or both CAN and UART communication interfaces are configured at the same time.
If the product A is provided with a CAN interface and the product B is provided with a UART interface, in order to realize the communication between the product A and the product B, the CAN signal output by the product A must be converted into a UART signal and then transmitted to the product B, and a CAN and UART signal converter is added between the product A and the product B, or vice versa.
If the product is configured with the CAN interface and the UART interface, the cost is increased, the volume of the product is increased, and the miniaturization of the product is not facilitated.
Therefore, the prior art is in need of further improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for automatically identifying and switching communication types, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art and realizing that one interface CAN be connected with both CAN communication and UART interfaces, and the communication between the CAN interface and the UART interfaces does not need an intermediate conversion circuit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
one aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for automatically identifying and switching communication types, comprising:
the device comprises a communication interface module, a communication switching module, a first communication module, a second communication module, a communication type judging module, a signal gating module, a signal processing module and a signal sampling module;
the communication interface module is compatible with a first communication type and a second communication type, and at least one pin is multiplexed by communication signals in the first communication type and the second communication type;
the communication switching module is used for connecting the signal of the communication interface module to the first communication module or the second communication module according to the communication type identified by the communication type judging module;
the first communication module is used for analyzing the first communication signal;
the second communication module is used for analyzing a second communication signal;
the communication type judging module is used for identifying the communication type and controlling the communication switching module and the signal gating module;
the signal gating module is used for connecting the communication signal of the communication interface module to the signal processing module;
the signal processing module is used for processing the communication signal;
the signal sampling module is used for sampling the signal output by the signal processing module;
the communication switching module is connected with the communication interface module, the first communication module, the second communication module and the communication type judging module, the communication type judging module is connected with the signal gating module and the signal sampling module, the signal sampling module is connected with the signal processing module, and the signal gating module is connected with the signal processing module and the communication interface module.
Specifically, the communication interface module is compatible with a CAN signal and a UART signal, a first pin is multiplexed by a receiving signal RX of a low-order data line CAN _ L, UART signal of the CAN signal, and a second pin is multiplexed by a transmitting signal TX of a high-order data line CAN _ H, UART signal of the CAN signal.
Specifically, the first communication module is a CAN module, and the second communication module is a UART module; the signal gating module is provided with a first signal input end, a first signal output end corresponding to the first signal input end, a second signal input end and a second signal output end corresponding to the second signal input end.
Specifically, the communication switch module comprises at least one switch, the switch contains first movable end, second movable end, and public stiff end, public stiff end with communication interface module connects, first movable end with first communication module connects, first movable end with second communication module connects, the movable end of public stiff end UNICOM by communication type judgement module control.
The signal processing module is composed of a first voltage-limiting rectifying circuit and a second voltage-limiting rectifying circuit, the first voltage-limiting rectifying circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected with the anode of a system power supply, the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the anode of the second diode is connected with the first signal output end of the signal gating module, and the common end of the first diode and the second diode is connected with the first sampling port of the signal sampling module; the second voltage limiting rectification circuit comprises a third diode and a fourth diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the anode of a system power supply, the anode of the third diode is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode, the anode of the fourth diode is connected with the second signal output end of the signal gating module, and the common end of the third diode and the common end of the fourth diode are connected with the second sampling port of the signal sampling module.
Further, the communication type judgment module is also connected with a human-computer interaction module, and the human-computer interaction module is used for displaying the unconnected or fault information of the communication interface module.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for automatically identifying and switching communication types, including:
step 1, a communication type judging module controls a signal gating module to connect a communication signal of a communication interface module to a signal processing module.
And 2, reading the output value of the signal processing module by the communication type judging module.
And 3, judging the communication type connected with the communication interface module by the communication type judging module.
And step 4, the communication type judging module controls the communication switching module to connect the signal of the communication interface module to the first communication module or the second communication module according to the communication type and controls the signal gating module to disconnect the communication signal of the communication interface module from the signal processing module.
Specifically, the step 3 includes the following steps:
and step 31, respectively averaging the maximum sampling value of the first sampling port, the minimum sampling value of the first sampling port, the maximum sampling value of the second sampling port and the minimum sampling value of the second sampling port.
Step 32, determining whether a first condition is satisfied, if yes, determining that the communication type of the communication interface connection is a UART signal, otherwise, entering a next step, where the first condition is:
v1min is more than or equal to VRXmin-VF, and V1min + V2max is more than or equal to VRXmin + VTXmin-2VF,
VRXmin is the lowest level value of the UART signal receiving signal, VTXmin is the lowest level value of the UART transmitting signal, and VF is the forward voltage drop of the second diode D2 and the fourth diode D4.
Step 33, determining whether a second condition is satisfied, if yes, determining that the communication type connected to the communication interface module is a CAN signal, otherwise, entering the next step, where the second condition is:
whether any one group in the sampling extreme value array satisfies:
VLmin-VF<V2min(i)≤VLmax-VF，
VLmin+VHmin-2VF<V1min(i)+V2min(i)<VLmax+VHmax-2VF。
VLmin represents the lowest level value of the low-level data line when the CAN signal is dominant, VLmax represents the highest level value of the low-level data line when the CAN signal is dominant, VHmin represents the lowest level value of the high-level data line when the CAN signal is invisible, and VHmax represents the highest level value of the high-level data line when the CAN signal is invisible.
And step 34, judging whether the communication interface module is not connected or the interface is in fault.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention processes CAN or UART signals connected with the communication interface module, and judges which communication type is connected with the communication interface module through a software algorithm, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically identifying and switching the communication type, realizing that one interface CAN be connected with both CAN communication and UART interface, and the communication between the CAN interface and the UART interface does not need an intermediate conversion circuit, saving the cost and improving the product competitiveness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic communication type identification and switching device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication switching module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of the communication type automatic identification and switching device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the communication type automatic identification and switching method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are for reference and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an automatic communication type identification and switching device, which includes a communication interface module, a communication switching module, a first communication module, a second communication module, a communication type determination module, a signal gating module, a signal processing module, and a signal sampling module;
the communication interface module is compatible with a first communication type and a second communication type, and at least one pin is multiplexed by communication signals in the first communication type and the second communication type;
the communication switching module is used for connecting the signal of the communication interface module to the first communication module or the second communication module according to the communication type identified by the communication type judging module;
the first communication module is used for analyzing the first communication signal;
the second communication module is used for analyzing a second communication signal;
the communication type judging module is used for identifying the communication type and controlling the communication switching module and the signal gating module;
the signal gating module is used for connecting the communication signal of the communication interface module to the signal processing module;
the signal processing module is used for processing the communication signal;
the signal sampling module is used for sampling the signal output by the signal processing module;
the communication switching module is connected with the communication interface module, the first communication module, the second communication module and the communication type judging module, the communication type judging module is connected with the signal gating module and the signal sampling module, the signal sampling module is connected with the signal processing module, and the signal gating module is connected with the signal processing module and the communication interface module.
In one embodiment of the invention, the communication interface module is compatible with a CAN signal and a UART signal, a first pin is multiplexed by a receiving signal RX of a low-order data line CAN _ L, UART signal of the CAN signal, and a second pin is multiplexed by a transmitting signal TX of a high-order data line CAN _ H, UART signal of the CAN signal.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first communication module is a CAN module, and the second communication module is a UART module; the signal gating module has a first signal input terminal S _ IN1 and a first signal output terminal S _ OUT1 corresponding to the first signal input terminal S _ IN1, a second signal input terminal S _ IN2 and a second signal output terminal S _ OUT2 corresponding to the second signal input terminal S _ IN 2.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the communication switching module is composed of at least one switch, and the switch includes a first moving end 1, a second moving end 2, and a common fixed end 3, and further includes a communication end (not shown in the figure) for communicating with the communication type determining module.
Public stiff end 3 with communication interface module connects, first move end 1 with first communication module connects, first move end 2 with second communication module connects, the end that moves of 3 intercommunications of public stiff end by communication type judge module control. Initially, the common fixed end 3 is connected to the first moving end 1 by default.
As shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing module is composed of a first voltage-limiting rectifying circuit and a second voltage-limiting rectifying circuit, the first voltage-limiting rectifying circuit includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to an anode of a system power Vcc, an anode of the first diode D3526 is connected to a cathode of the second diode D2, an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first signal output terminal G _ OUT1 of the signal gating module, and a common terminal of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 is connected to the first sampling port AD1 of the signal sampling module; the second voltage-limiting rectifying circuit comprises a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the anode of a system power supply Vcc, the anode of the third diode D3526 is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode D4, the anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with a second signal output end G _ OUT2 of the signal gating module, and the common end of the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 is connected with a second sampling port AD2 of the signal sampling module.
The first diode D1 and the third diode D3 can isolate the negative pressure signal of the UART, so that the voltages of the first sampling port AD1 and the second sampling port AD2 are not lower than-0.3V; the second diode D2 and the fourth diode D4 can limit the signal of the UART higher than the system power Vcc (e.g. 5V) to Vcc + VF (VF is the forward voltage drop of the second diode D2, e.g. 0.5V), thereby ensuring that the signal output by the signal processing module is within the working range of the communication type determination module.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the signal sampling module is composed of a first sampling port AD1 and a second sampling port AD2, the first sampling port AD1 is connected to the output terminal R _ OUT1 of the first voltage limiting rectification circuit, and the second sampling port AD2 is connected to the output terminal R _ OUT2 of the second voltage limiting rectification circuit.
As shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the communication type determining module is further connected to a human-computer interaction module, and the human-computer interaction module is configured to display information that the communication interface module is not connected or has a fault.
As shown in fig. 5, the communication type automatic identification and switching method of the present invention is as follows:
step 1, a communication type judging module controls a signal gating module to connect a communication signal of a communication interface module to a signal processing module.
And 2, reading the output value of the signal processing module by the communication type judging module.
In this embodiment, the signal sampling module samples the first sampling port AD1 n times (e.g., 100 times) within a period T (e.g., 1ms) to obtain n (e.g., 100) sampling signals S1(k) (k is 1,2,3 … n), and takes a maximum sampling value S1max and a minimum sampling value S1min from the n (e.g., 100) sampling signals S1 (k).
The signal sampling module samples the second sampling port AD2 n times (e.g., 100 times) within the period T (e.g., 1ms) at the same time, and obtains n (e.g., 100) sampling signals S2(k) (k is 1,2,3 … n), and takes the maximum sampling value S2max and the minimum sampling value S2min from the n (e.g., 100) sampling signals S2 (k).
N cycles (e.g., 10) are continuously sampled, and the maximum sampling value V1max (i) (i ═ 1,2, … N) of N (e.g., 10) first sampling ports AD1 and the minimum sampling value V1min (i) (i ═ 1,2, … N) of N (e.g., 10) first sampling ports AD1 are sequentially stored; the maximum sample value of the N (e.g., 10) second sampling ports AD2 is V2max (i) (i ═ 1,2, … N), and the minimum sample value is V2min (i) (i ═ 1,2, … N).
Sampled for N cycles (e.g., 10) to obtain
V1max(1)、V1min(1)、V2max(1)、V2min(1)；
V1max(2)、V1min(2)、V2max(2)、V2min(2)；
V1max(3)、V1min(3)、V2max(3)、V2min(3)；
……
V1max(N)、V1min(N)、V2max(N)、V2min(N)；
And N groups of sampling extreme value arrays are formed.
And 3, judging the communication type connected with the communication interface module by the communication type judging module.
In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:
step 31, averaging the maximum sampling value V1max (i) of the first sampling port AD1, the minimum sampling value V1min (i) of the first sampling port AD1, the maximum sampling value V2max (i) of the second sampling port AD2, and the minimum sampling value V2min (i) of the second sampling port AD 2.
Average of maximum sample values of the first sample port AD 1: v1max ═ [ (V1max (1) + V1max (2) + … + V1max (N) ]/N;
minimum sample average of the first sample port AD 1: v1min ═ [ (V1min (1) + V1min (2) + … + V1min (N) ]/N;
average value of maximum sample values of the second sample port AD 2: v2max ═ [ (V2max (1) + V2max (2) + … + V2max (N) ]/N;
average value of minimum sample value of the second sample port AD 2: v2min ═ [ (V2min (1) + V2min (2) + … + V2min (N) ]/N.
Step 32, determining whether a first condition is satisfied, if yes, determining that the communication type of the communication interface connection is a UART signal, otherwise, entering a next step, where the first condition is:
v1min is more than or equal to VRXmin-VF, and V1min + V2max is more than or equal to VRXmin + VTXmin-2VF,
VRXmin is the lowest level value of the UART signal receiving signal, VTXmin is the lowest level value of the UART transmitting signal, and VF is the forward voltage drop of the second diode D2 and the fourth diode D4.
Step 33, determining whether a second condition is satisfied, if yes, determining that the communication type connected to the communication interface module is a CAN signal, otherwise, entering the next step, where the second condition is:
whether any one group in the sampling extreme value array satisfies:
VLmin-VF<V2min(i)≤VLmax-VF，
VLmin+VHmin-2VF<V1min(i)+V2min(i)<VLmax+VHmax-2VF。
VLmin represents the lowest level value of the low-level data line when the CAN signal is dominant, VLmax represents the highest level value of the low-level data line when the CAN signal is dominant, VHmin represents the lowest level value of the high-level data line when the CAN signal is invisible, and VHmax represents the highest level value of the high-level data line when the CAN signal is invisible.
And step 34, judging whether the communication interface module is not connected or the interface is in fault.
And step 4, the communication type judging module controls the communication switching module to connect the signal of the communication interface module to the first communication module or the second communication module according to the communication type and controls the signal gating module to disconnect the communication signal of the communication interface module from the signal processing module.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic communication type identification and switching device, comprising:
the device comprises a communication interface module, a communication switching module, a first communication module, a second communication module, a communication type judging module, a signal gating module, a signal processing module and a signal sampling module;
the communication interface module is compatible with a first communication type and a second communication type, and at least one pin is multiplexed by communication signals in the first communication type and the second communication type;
the communication switching module is used for connecting the signal of the communication interface module to the first communication module or the second communication module according to the communication type identified by the communication type judging module;
the first communication module is used for analyzing the first communication signal;
the second communication module is used for analyzing a second communication signal;
the communication type judging module is used for identifying the communication type and controlling the communication switching module and the signal gating module;
the signal gating module is used for connecting the communication signal of the communication interface module to the signal processing module;
the signal processing module is used for processing the communication signal output by the communication interface module under the control of the communication type judging module;
the signal sampling module is used for sampling the signal output by the signal processing module;
the communication switching module is connected with the communication interface module, the first communication module, the second communication module and the communication type judging module, the communication type judging module is connected with the signal gating module and the signal sampling module, the signal sampling module is connected with the signal processing module, and the signal gating module is connected with the signal processing module and the communication interface module;
the signal processing module consists of a first voltage-limiting rectifying circuit and a second voltage-limiting rectifying circuit, the first voltage-limiting rectifying circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected with the anode of a system power supply, the anode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the anode of the second diode is connected with the first signal output end of the signal gating module, and the common end of the first diode and the second diode is connected with the first sampling port of the signal sampling module; the second voltage limiting rectification circuit comprises a third diode and a fourth diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the anode of a system power supply, the anode of the third diode is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode, the anode of the fourth diode is connected with the second signal output end of the signal gating module, and the common end of the third diode and the common end of the fourth diode are connected with the second sampling port of the signal sampling module.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the communication interface module is compatible with a CAN signal and a UART signal, and the first pin is multiplexed with a reception signal RX of a signal of a lower data line CAN _ L, UART of the CAN signal, and the second pin is multiplexed with a transmission signal TX of a signal of a higher data line CAN _ H, UART of the CAN signal.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first communication module is a CAN module and the second communication module is a UART module; the signal gating module is provided with a first signal input end, a first signal output end corresponding to the first signal input end, a second signal input end and a second signal output end corresponding to the second signal input end.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the communication switching module comprises at least one switch, the switch comprises a first movable end, a second movable end, and a common fixed end, the common fixed end is connected to the communication interface module, the first movable end is connected to the first communication module, the first movable end is connected to the second communication module, and the movable end of the common fixed end is controlled by the communication type determining module.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the communication type determining module is further connected to a human-computer interaction module, and the human-computer interaction module is configured to display information that the communication interface module is not connected or a fault occurs.
6. A communication type automatic identification and switching method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a communication type judgment module controls a signal gating module to connect a communication signal of a communication interface module to a signal processing module;
step 2, the communication type judging module reads the output value of the signal processing module;
step 3, a communication type judging module judges the communication type connected with the communication interface module;
step 4, the communication type judging module controls the communication switching module to connect the signal of the communication interface module to the first communication module or the second communication module according to the communication type and controls the signal gating module to disconnect the communication signal of the communication interface module from the signal processing module;
the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 31, respectively averaging the maximum sampling value of the first sampling port, the minimum sampling value of the first sampling port, the maximum sampling value of the second sampling port and the minimum sampling value of the second sampling port;
step 32, determining whether a first condition is satisfied, if yes, determining that the communication type of the communication interface connection is a UART signal, otherwise, entering a next step, where the first condition is:
v1min is more than or equal to VRXmin-VF, and V1min + V2max is more than or equal to VRXmin + VTXmin-2VF,
VRXmin is the lowest level value of a UART signal receiving signal, VTXmin is the lowest level value of the high level of a UART transmitting signal, and VF is the forward voltage drop of the second diode D2 and the fourth diode D4;
step 33, determining whether a second condition is satisfied, if yes, determining that the communication type connected to the communication interface module is a CAN signal, otherwise, entering the next step, where the second condition is:
whether any one group in the sampling extreme value array satisfies:
VLmin-VF<V2min(i)≤VLmax-VF，
VLmin+VHmin-2VF<V1min(i)+V2min(i)<VLmax+VHmax-2VF，
VLmin represents the lowest level value of the low-bit data line when the CAN signal is dominant, VLmax represents the highest level value of the low-bit data line when the CAN signal is dominant, VHmin represents the lowest level value of the high-bit data line when the CAN signal is invisible, and VHmax represents the highest level value of the high-bit data line when the CAN signal is invisible;
and step 34, judging whether the communication interface module is not connected or the interface is in fault.
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| CN109086233A (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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